Rosa's TurbineBenchmark

Percentage Accurate: 85.1% → 99.7%
Time: 10.5s
Alternatives: 10
Speedup: 1.8×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v w r)
 :precision binary64
 (-
  (-
   (+ 3.0 (/ 2.0 (* r r)))
   (/ (* (* 0.125 (- 3.0 (* 2.0 v))) (* (* (* w w) r) r)) (- 1.0 v)))
  4.5))
double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	return ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5;
}
real(8) function code(v, w, r)
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    real(8), intent (in) :: w
    real(8), intent (in) :: r
    code = ((3.0d0 + (2.0d0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125d0 * (3.0d0 - (2.0d0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0d0 - v))) - 4.5d0
end function
public static double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	return ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5;
}
def code(v, w, r):
	return ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5
function code(v, w, r)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(3.0 + Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r))) - Float64(Float64(Float64(0.125 * Float64(3.0 - Float64(2.0 * v))) * Float64(Float64(Float64(w * w) * r) * r)) / Float64(1.0 - v))) - 4.5)
end
function tmp = code(v, w, r)
	tmp = ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5;
end
code[v_, w_, r_] := N[(N[(N[(3.0 + N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(0.125 * N[(3.0 - N[(2.0 * v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(w * w), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 - v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 4.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 10 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 85.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v w r)
 :precision binary64
 (-
  (-
   (+ 3.0 (/ 2.0 (* r r)))
   (/ (* (* 0.125 (- 3.0 (* 2.0 v))) (* (* (* w w) r) r)) (- 1.0 v)))
  4.5))
double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	return ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5;
}
real(8) function code(v, w, r)
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    real(8), intent (in) :: w
    real(8), intent (in) :: r
    code = ((3.0d0 + (2.0d0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125d0 * (3.0d0 - (2.0d0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0d0 - v))) - 4.5d0
end function
public static double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	return ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5;
}
def code(v, w, r):
	return ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5
function code(v, w, r)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(3.0 + Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r))) - Float64(Float64(Float64(0.125 * Float64(3.0 - Float64(2.0 * v))) * Float64(Float64(Float64(w * w) * r) * r)) / Float64(1.0 - v))) - 4.5)
end
function tmp = code(v, w, r)
	tmp = ((3.0 + (2.0 / (r * r))) - (((0.125 * (3.0 - (2.0 * v))) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5;
end
code[v_, w_, r_] := N[(N[(N[(3.0 + N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(0.125 * N[(3.0 - N[(2.0 * v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(w * w), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 - v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 4.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.7% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(3 - \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{{\left(w \cdot r\right)}^{2}}{1 - v}, 0.125 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, v, 3\right), 4.5\right)\right) + \frac{2}{r \cdot r} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v w r)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  (- 3.0 (fma (/ (pow (* w r) 2.0) (- 1.0 v)) (* 0.125 (fma -2.0 v 3.0)) 4.5))
  (/ 2.0 (* r r))))
double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	return (3.0 - fma((pow((w * r), 2.0) / (1.0 - v)), (0.125 * fma(-2.0, v, 3.0)), 4.5)) + (2.0 / (r * r));
}
function code(v, w, r)
	return Float64(Float64(3.0 - fma(Float64((Float64(w * r) ^ 2.0) / Float64(1.0 - v)), Float64(0.125 * fma(-2.0, v, 3.0)), 4.5)) + Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r)))
end
code[v_, w_, r_] := N[(N[(3.0 - N[(N[(N[Power[N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 - v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.125 * N[(-2.0 * v + 3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 4.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(3 - \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{{\left(w \cdot r\right)}^{2}}{1 - v}, 0.125 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, v, 3\right), 4.5\right)\right) + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 83.9%

    \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - \frac{9}{2}} \]
    2. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right)} - \frac{9}{2} \]
    3. associate--l-N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right)} \]
    4. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right)} - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right) \]
    5. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + 3\right)} - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right) \]
    6. associate--l+N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(3 - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right)\right)} \]
    7. lower-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(3 - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right)\right)} \]
    8. lower--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \color{blue}{\left(3 - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right)\right)} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(3 - \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{{\left(w \cdot r\right)}^{2}}{1 - v}, \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, v, 3\right) \cdot 0.125, 4.5\right)\right)} \]
  5. Final simplification99.8%

    \[\leadsto \left(3 - \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{{\left(w \cdot r\right)}^{2}}{1 - v}, 0.125 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, v, 3\right), 4.5\right)\right) + \frac{2}{r \cdot r} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 87.8% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\ \mathbf{if}\;\left(3 + t\_0\right) - \frac{\left(\left(3 - v \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.125\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} \leq -2:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(-0.375 \cdot \left(r \cdot r\right)\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot w\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0 - 1.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v w r)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ 2.0 (* r r))))
   (if (<=
        (-
         (+ 3.0 t_0)
         (/ (* (* (- 3.0 (* v 2.0)) 0.125) (* (* (* w w) r) r)) (- 1.0 v)))
        -2.0)
     (* (* (* -0.375 (* r r)) w) w)
     (- t_0 1.5))))
double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	double t_0 = 2.0 / (r * r);
	double tmp;
	if (((3.0 + t_0) - ((((3.0 - (v * 2.0)) * 0.125) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) <= -2.0) {
		tmp = ((-0.375 * (r * r)) * w) * w;
	} else {
		tmp = t_0 - 1.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(v, w, r)
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    real(8), intent (in) :: w
    real(8), intent (in) :: r
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = 2.0d0 / (r * r)
    if (((3.0d0 + t_0) - ((((3.0d0 - (v * 2.0d0)) * 0.125d0) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0d0 - v))) <= (-2.0d0)) then
        tmp = (((-0.375d0) * (r * r)) * w) * w
    else
        tmp = t_0 - 1.5d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double v, double w, double r) {
	double t_0 = 2.0 / (r * r);
	double tmp;
	if (((3.0 + t_0) - ((((3.0 - (v * 2.0)) * 0.125) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) <= -2.0) {
		tmp = ((-0.375 * (r * r)) * w) * w;
	} else {
		tmp = t_0 - 1.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(v, w, r):
	t_0 = 2.0 / (r * r)
	tmp = 0
	if ((3.0 + t_0) - ((((3.0 - (v * 2.0)) * 0.125) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) <= -2.0:
		tmp = ((-0.375 * (r * r)) * w) * w
	else:
		tmp = t_0 - 1.5
	return tmp
function code(v, w, r)
	t_0 = Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(3.0 + t_0) - Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(3.0 - Float64(v * 2.0)) * 0.125) * Float64(Float64(Float64(w * w) * r) * r)) / Float64(1.0 - v))) <= -2.0)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(-0.375 * Float64(r * r)) * w) * w);
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_0 - 1.5);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(v, w, r)
	t_0 = 2.0 / (r * r);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (((3.0 + t_0) - ((((3.0 - (v * 2.0)) * 0.125) * (((w * w) * r) * r)) / (1.0 - v))) <= -2.0)
		tmp = ((-0.375 * (r * r)) * w) * w;
	else
		tmp = t_0 - 1.5;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[v_, w_, r_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[(N[(3.0 + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(N[(3.0 - N[(v * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.125), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(w * w), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 - v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -2.0], N[(N[(N[(-0.375 * N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * w), $MachinePrecision] * w), $MachinePrecision], N[(t$95$0 - 1.5), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\
\mathbf{if}\;\left(3 + t\_0\right) - \frac{\left(\left(3 - v \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.125\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} \leq -2:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\left(-0.375 \cdot \left(r \cdot r\right)\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot w\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0 - 1.5\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (-.f64 (+.f64 #s(literal 3 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) (*.f64 r r))) (/.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/8 binary64) (-.f64 #s(literal 3 binary64) (*.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) v))) (*.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 w w) r) r)) (-.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) v))) < -2

    1. Initial program 84.8%

      \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
      2. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}} \]
      3. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \frac{3}{2}\right)}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
      4. distribute-neg-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)\right)} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
      5. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{-3}{2}}\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
      6. associate-+l+N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right)} \]
      7. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8}\right)\right) \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right) \]
      8. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-3}{8}} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right) \]
      9. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \frac{-3}{2}\right)} \]
      10. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)}\right) \]
      11. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}\right)} \]
      12. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-3}{8}, {r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}, 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}\right)} \]
    5. Applied rewrites81.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r, \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in r around inf

      \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites81.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(-0.375 \cdot \left(r \cdot r\right)\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot \color{blue}{w} \]

      if -2 < (-.f64 (+.f64 #s(literal 3 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) (*.f64 r r))) (/.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/8 binary64) (-.f64 #s(literal 3 binary64) (*.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) v))) (*.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 w w) r) r)) (-.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) v)))

      1. Initial program 83.1%

        \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in w around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}} \]
        2. associate-*r/N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot 1}{{r}^{2}}} - \frac{3}{2} \]
        3. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2}}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2} \]
        4. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{{r}^{2}}} - \frac{3}{2} \]
        5. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{r \cdot r}} - \frac{3}{2} \]
        6. lower-*.f6494.6

          \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{r \cdot r}} - 1.5 \]
      5. Applied rewrites94.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5} \]
    8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    9. Final simplification88.8%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\left(3 - v \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.125\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} \leq -2:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(-0.375 \cdot \left(r \cdot r\right)\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot w\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\\ \end{array} \]
    10. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 3: 95.7% accurate, 0.9× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\ \mathbf{if}\;r \leq 4.9 \cdot 10^{+16}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(3 - \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, -2, 3\right) \cdot 0.125\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot w, \frac{w \cdot r}{1 - v}, 4.5\right)\right) + t\_0\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(3 + t\_0\right) - \frac{r}{1 - v} \cdot \left(\left(\left(0.125 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, v, 3\right)\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)\right)\right) - 4.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (v w r)
     :precision binary64
     (let* ((t_0 (/ 2.0 (* r r))))
       (if (<= r 4.9e+16)
         (+
          (-
           3.0
           (fma (* (* (* (fma v -2.0 3.0) 0.125) r) w) (/ (* w r) (- 1.0 v)) 4.5))
          t_0)
         (-
          (-
           (+ 3.0 t_0)
           (* (/ r (- 1.0 v)) (* (* (* 0.125 (fma -2.0 v 3.0)) w) (* w r))))
          4.5))))
    double code(double v, double w, double r) {
    	double t_0 = 2.0 / (r * r);
    	double tmp;
    	if (r <= 4.9e+16) {
    		tmp = (3.0 - fma((((fma(v, -2.0, 3.0) * 0.125) * r) * w), ((w * r) / (1.0 - v)), 4.5)) + t_0;
    	} else {
    		tmp = ((3.0 + t_0) - ((r / (1.0 - v)) * (((0.125 * fma(-2.0, v, 3.0)) * w) * (w * r)))) - 4.5;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    function code(v, w, r)
    	t_0 = Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r))
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (r <= 4.9e+16)
    		tmp = Float64(Float64(3.0 - fma(Float64(Float64(Float64(fma(v, -2.0, 3.0) * 0.125) * r) * w), Float64(Float64(w * r) / Float64(1.0 - v)), 4.5)) + t_0);
    	else
    		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(3.0 + t_0) - Float64(Float64(r / Float64(1.0 - v)) * Float64(Float64(Float64(0.125 * fma(-2.0, v, 3.0)) * w) * Float64(w * r)))) - 4.5);
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    code[v_, w_, r_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[r, 4.9e+16], N[(N[(3.0 - N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(v * -2.0 + 3.0), $MachinePrecision] * 0.125), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision] * w), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 - v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 4.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(3.0 + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(r / N[(1.0 - v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(0.125 * N[(-2.0 * v + 3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * w), $MachinePrecision] * N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 4.5), $MachinePrecision]]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\
    \mathbf{if}\;r \leq 4.9 \cdot 10^{+16}:\\
    \;\;\;\;\left(3 - \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, -2, 3\right) \cdot 0.125\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot w, \frac{w \cdot r}{1 - v}, 4.5\right)\right) + t\_0\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;\left(\left(3 + t\_0\right) - \frac{r}{1 - v} \cdot \left(\left(\left(0.125 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, v, 3\right)\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)\right)\right) - 4.5\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if r < 4.9e16

      1. Initial program 81.9%

        \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - \frac{9}{2}} \]
        2. lift--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right)} - \frac{9}{2} \]
        3. associate--l-N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right)} \]
        4. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right)} - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right) \]
        5. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + 3\right)} - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right) \]
        6. associate--l+N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(3 - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right)\right)} \]
        7. lower-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(3 - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right)\right)} \]
        8. lower--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \color{blue}{\left(3 - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right)\right)} \]
      4. Applied rewrites99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(3 - \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{{\left(w \cdot r\right)}^{2}}{1 - v}, \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, v, 3\right) \cdot 0.125, 4.5\right)\right)} \]
      5. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(3 - \color{blue}{\left(\frac{{\left(w \cdot r\right)}^{2}}{1 - v} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, v, 3\right) \cdot \frac{1}{8}\right) + \frac{9}{2}\right)}\right) \]
      6. Applied rewrites93.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(3 - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, -2, 3\right) \cdot 0.125\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot w, \frac{r \cdot w}{1 - v}, 4.5\right)}\right) \]

      if 4.9e16 < r

      1. Initial program 89.2%

        \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}}\right) - \frac{9}{2} \]
        2. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}}{1 - v}\right) - \frac{9}{2} \]
        3. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}}{1 - v}\right) - \frac{9}{2} \]
        4. associate-*r*N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right)\right) \cdot r}}{1 - v}\right) - \frac{9}{2} \]
        5. associate-/l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right)\right) \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}}\right) - \frac{9}{2} \]
        6. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right)\right) \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}}\right) - \frac{9}{2} \]
      4. Applied rewrites99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, v, 3\right) \cdot 0.125\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)\right) \cdot \frac{r}{1 - v}}\right) - 4.5 \]
    3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    4. Final simplification95.3%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;r \leq 4.9 \cdot 10^{+16}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(3 - \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, -2, 3\right) \cdot 0.125\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot w, \frac{w \cdot r}{1 - v}, 4.5\right)\right) + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{r}{1 - v} \cdot \left(\left(\left(0.125 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, v, 3\right)\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)\right)\right) - 4.5\\ \end{array} \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 4: 96.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\ \mathbf{if}\;v \leq -21000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot r, \frac{0.125}{v} - 0.25, -1.5\right) + t\_0\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(3 + t\_0\right) - \frac{\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.25, v, 0.375\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (v w r)
     :precision binary64
     (let* ((t_0 (/ 2.0 (* r r))))
       (if (<= v -21000000.0)
         (+ (fma (* (* (* w r) w) r) (- (/ 0.125 v) 0.25) -1.5) t_0)
         (-
          (- (+ 3.0 t_0) (/ (* (* (* w r) (* w r)) (fma -0.25 v 0.375)) (- 1.0 v)))
          4.5))))
    double code(double v, double w, double r) {
    	double t_0 = 2.0 / (r * r);
    	double tmp;
    	if (v <= -21000000.0) {
    		tmp = fma((((w * r) * w) * r), ((0.125 / v) - 0.25), -1.5) + t_0;
    	} else {
    		tmp = ((3.0 + t_0) - ((((w * r) * (w * r)) * fma(-0.25, v, 0.375)) / (1.0 - v))) - 4.5;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    function code(v, w, r)
    	t_0 = Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r))
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (v <= -21000000.0)
    		tmp = Float64(fma(Float64(Float64(Float64(w * r) * w) * r), Float64(Float64(0.125 / v) - 0.25), -1.5) + t_0);
    	else
    		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(3.0 + t_0) - Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(w * r) * Float64(w * r)) * fma(-0.25, v, 0.375)) / Float64(1.0 - v))) - 4.5);
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    code[v_, w_, r_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[v, -21000000.0], N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision] * w), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(0.125 / v), $MachinePrecision] - 0.25), $MachinePrecision] + -1.5), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(3.0 + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision] * N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.25 * v + 0.375), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 - v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 4.5), $MachinePrecision]]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\
    \mathbf{if}\;v \leq -21000000:\\
    \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot r, \frac{0.125}{v} - 0.25, -1.5\right) + t\_0\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;\left(\left(3 + t\_0\right) - \frac{\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.25, v, 0.375\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if v < -2.1e7

      1. Initial program 78.5%

        \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{8} \cdot \frac{-3 \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) - -2 \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)}{v} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right) - \left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
      4. Applied rewrites90.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r, \frac{0.125}{v} - 0.25, -1.5\right) + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}} \]
      5. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites98.2%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot r, \frac{0.125}{v} - 0.25, -1.5\right) + \frac{2}{r \cdot r} \]

        if -2.1e7 < v

        1. Initial program 85.4%

          \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}}{1 - v}\right) - \frac{9}{2} \]
          2. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right)} \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - \frac{9}{2} \]
          3. associate-*l*N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot r\right)\right)}}{1 - v}\right) - \frac{9}{2} \]
          4. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot w\right)} \cdot \left(r \cdot r\right)\right)}{1 - v}\right) - \frac{9}{2} \]
          5. unswap-sqrN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)\right)}}{1 - v}\right) - \frac{9}{2} \]
          6. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)\right)}}{1 - v}\right) - \frac{9}{2} \]
          7. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot r\right)} \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)\right)}{1 - v}\right) - \frac{9}{2} \]
          8. lower-*.f6497.8

            \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(w \cdot r\right)}\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
        4. Applied rewrites97.8%

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)\right)}}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
        5. Taylor expanded in v around 0

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{3}{8} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot v\right)} \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)\right)}{1 - v}\right) - \frac{9}{2} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot v + \frac{3}{8}\right)} \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)\right)}{1 - v}\right) - \frac{9}{2} \]
          2. lower-fma.f6497.8

            \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.25, v, 0.375\right)} \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
        7. Applied rewrites97.8%

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.25, v, 0.375\right)} \cdot \left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
      6. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
      7. Final simplification97.9%

        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;v \leq -21000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot r, \frac{0.125}{v} - 0.25, -1.5\right) + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.25, v, 0.375\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5\\ \end{array} \]
      8. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 5: 97.9% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\ t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot r, \frac{0.125}{v} - 0.25, -1.5\right) + t\_0\\ \mathbf{if}\;v \leq -300:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;v \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{+33}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right), t\_0 - 1.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (v w r)
       :precision binary64
       (let* ((t_0 (/ 2.0 (* r r)))
              (t_1 (+ (fma (* (* (* w r) w) r) (- (/ 0.125 v) 0.25) -1.5) t_0)))
         (if (<= v -300.0)
           t_1
           (if (<= v 2.6e+33) (fma -0.375 (* (* w r) (* w r)) (- t_0 1.5)) t_1))))
      double code(double v, double w, double r) {
      	double t_0 = 2.0 / (r * r);
      	double t_1 = fma((((w * r) * w) * r), ((0.125 / v) - 0.25), -1.5) + t_0;
      	double tmp;
      	if (v <= -300.0) {
      		tmp = t_1;
      	} else if (v <= 2.6e+33) {
      		tmp = fma(-0.375, ((w * r) * (w * r)), (t_0 - 1.5));
      	} else {
      		tmp = t_1;
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      function code(v, w, r)
      	t_0 = Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r))
      	t_1 = Float64(fma(Float64(Float64(Float64(w * r) * w) * r), Float64(Float64(0.125 / v) - 0.25), -1.5) + t_0)
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if (v <= -300.0)
      		tmp = t_1;
      	elseif (v <= 2.6e+33)
      		tmp = fma(-0.375, Float64(Float64(w * r) * Float64(w * r)), Float64(t_0 - 1.5));
      	else
      		tmp = t_1;
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      code[v_, w_, r_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision] * w), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(0.125 / v), $MachinePrecision] - 0.25), $MachinePrecision] + -1.5), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[v, -300.0], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[v, 2.6e+33], N[(-0.375 * N[(N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision] * N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(t$95$0 - 1.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\
      t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot r, \frac{0.125}{v} - 0.25, -1.5\right) + t\_0\\
      \mathbf{if}\;v \leq -300:\\
      \;\;\;\;t\_1\\
      
      \mathbf{elif}\;v \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{+33}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right), t\_0 - 1.5\right)\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;t\_1\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 2 regimes
      2. if v < -300 or 2.5999999999999997e33 < v

        1. Initial program 82.0%

          \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{8} \cdot \frac{-3 \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) - -2 \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)}{v} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right) - \left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
        4. Applied rewrites90.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r, \frac{0.125}{v} - 0.25, -1.5\right) + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}} \]
        5. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites98.0%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot r, \frac{0.125}{v} - 0.25, -1.5\right) + \frac{2}{r \cdot r} \]

          if -300 < v < 2.5999999999999997e33

          1. Initial program 85.2%

            \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. sub-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
            2. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}} \]
            3. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \frac{3}{2}\right)}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
            4. distribute-neg-inN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)\right)} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
            5. metadata-evalN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{-3}{2}}\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
            6. associate-+l+N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right)} \]
            7. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8}\right)\right) \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right) \]
            8. metadata-evalN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-3}{8}} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right) \]
            9. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \frac{-3}{2}\right)} \]
            10. metadata-evalN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)}\right) \]
            11. sub-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}\right)} \]
            12. lower-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-3}{8}, {r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}, 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}\right)} \]
          5. Applied rewrites85.2%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r, \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right)} \]
          6. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites98.7%

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot w\right)}, \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right) \]
          7. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
          8. Final simplification98.4%

            \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;v \leq -300:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot r, \frac{0.125}{v} - 0.25, -1.5\right) + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;v \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{+33}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right), \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot r, \frac{0.125}{v} - 0.25, -1.5\right) + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\ \end{array} \]
          9. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 6: 97.6% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\ t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot -0.25, w, -1.5\right) + t\_0\\ \mathbf{if}\;v \leq -1 \cdot 10^{+22}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;v \leq 3.1 \cdot 10^{-27}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right), t\_0 - 1.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (v w r)
           :precision binary64
           (let* ((t_0 (/ 2.0 (* r r)))
                  (t_1 (+ (fma (* (* (* w r) r) -0.25) w -1.5) t_0)))
             (if (<= v -1e+22)
               t_1
               (if (<= v 3.1e-27) (fma -0.375 (* (* w r) (* w r)) (- t_0 1.5)) t_1))))
          double code(double v, double w, double r) {
          	double t_0 = 2.0 / (r * r);
          	double t_1 = fma((((w * r) * r) * -0.25), w, -1.5) + t_0;
          	double tmp;
          	if (v <= -1e+22) {
          		tmp = t_1;
          	} else if (v <= 3.1e-27) {
          		tmp = fma(-0.375, ((w * r) * (w * r)), (t_0 - 1.5));
          	} else {
          		tmp = t_1;
          	}
          	return tmp;
          }
          
          function code(v, w, r)
          	t_0 = Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r))
          	t_1 = Float64(fma(Float64(Float64(Float64(w * r) * r) * -0.25), w, -1.5) + t_0)
          	tmp = 0.0
          	if (v <= -1e+22)
          		tmp = t_1;
          	elseif (v <= 3.1e-27)
          		tmp = fma(-0.375, Float64(Float64(w * r) * Float64(w * r)), Float64(t_0 - 1.5));
          	else
          		tmp = t_1;
          	end
          	return tmp
          end
          
          code[v_, w_, r_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision] * -0.25), $MachinePrecision] * w + -1.5), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[v, -1e+22], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[v, 3.1e-27], N[(-0.375 * N[(N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision] * N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(t$95$0 - 1.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]]
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          \begin{array}{l}
          t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\
          t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot -0.25, w, -1.5\right) + t\_0\\
          \mathbf{if}\;v \leq -1 \cdot 10^{+22}:\\
          \;\;\;\;t\_1\\
          
          \mathbf{elif}\;v \leq 3.1 \cdot 10^{-27}:\\
          \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right), t\_0 - 1.5\right)\\
          
          \mathbf{else}:\\
          \;\;\;\;t\_1\\
          
          
          \end{array}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Split input into 2 regimes
          2. if v < -1e22 or 3.0999999999999998e-27 < v

            1. Initial program 83.4%

              \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lift--.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - \frac{9}{2}} \]
              2. lift--.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right)} - \frac{9}{2} \]
              3. associate--l-N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right)} \]
              4. lift-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right)} - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right) \]
              5. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + 3\right)} - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right) \]
              6. associate--l+N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(3 - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right)\right)} \]
              7. lower-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(3 - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right)\right)} \]
              8. lower--.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \color{blue}{\left(3 - \left(\frac{\left(\frac{1}{8} \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v} + \frac{9}{2}\right)\right)} \]
            4. Applied rewrites99.8%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(3 - \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{{\left(w \cdot r\right)}^{2}}{1 - v}, \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, v, 3\right) \cdot 0.125, 4.5\right)\right)} \]
            5. Taylor expanded in v around inf

              \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
            6. Step-by-step derivation
              1. mul-1-negN/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
              2. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \frac{3}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \]
              3. distribute-neg-inN/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)\right)} \]
              4. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)\right) \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)\right) \]
              5. metadata-evalN/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{4}} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)\right) \]
              6. associate-*r*N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {r}^{2}\right) \cdot {w}^{2}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)\right) \]
              7. unpow2N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {r}^{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(w \cdot w\right)} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)\right) \]
              8. associate-*r*N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {r}^{2}\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot w} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)\right) \]
              9. metadata-evalN/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \left(\left(\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {r}^{2}\right) \cdot w\right) \cdot w + \color{blue}{\frac{-3}{2}}\right) \]
              10. lower-fma.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {r}^{2}\right) \cdot w, w, \frac{-3}{2}\right)} \]
              11. lower-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {r}^{2}\right) \cdot w}, w, \frac{-3}{2}\right) \]
              12. lower-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {r}^{2}\right)} \cdot w, w, \frac{-3}{2}\right) \]
              13. unpow2N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot r\right)}\right) \cdot w, w, \frac{-3}{2}\right) \]
              14. lower-*.f6487.5

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot r\right)}\right) \cdot w, w, -1.5\right) \]
            7. Applied rewrites87.5%

              \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot \left(r \cdot r\right)\right) \cdot w, w, -1.5\right)} \]
            8. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites96.4%

                \[\leadsto \frac{2}{r \cdot r} + \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot -0.25, w, -1.5\right) \]

              if -1e22 < v < 3.0999999999999998e-27

              1. Initial program 84.2%

                \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. sub-negN/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
                2. +-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}} \]
                3. +-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \frac{3}{2}\right)}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
                4. distribute-neg-inN/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)\right)} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
                5. metadata-evalN/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{-3}{2}}\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
                6. associate-+l+N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right)} \]
                7. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8}\right)\right) \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right) \]
                8. metadata-evalN/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-3}{8}} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right) \]
                9. +-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \frac{-3}{2}\right)} \]
                10. metadata-evalN/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)}\right) \]
                11. sub-negN/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}\right)} \]
                12. lower-fma.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-3}{8}, {r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}, 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}\right)} \]
              5. Applied rewrites84.3%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r, \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right)} \]
              6. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites98.7%

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot w\right)}, \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right) \]
              7. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
              8. Final simplification97.7%

                \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;v \leq -1 \cdot 10^{+22}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot -0.25, w, -1.5\right) + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;v \leq 3.1 \cdot 10^{-27}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right), \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot -0.25, w, -1.5\right) + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\\ \end{array} \]
              9. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 7: 93.6% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\\ \mathbf{if}\;v \leq -1.32 \cdot 10^{+22}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.25, \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r, t\_0\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right), t\_0\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
              (FPCore (v w r)
               :precision binary64
               (let* ((t_0 (- (/ 2.0 (* r r)) 1.5)))
                 (if (<= v -1.32e+22)
                   (fma -0.25 (* (* (* w w) r) r) t_0)
                   (fma -0.375 (* (* w r) (* w r)) t_0))))
              double code(double v, double w, double r) {
              	double t_0 = (2.0 / (r * r)) - 1.5;
              	double tmp;
              	if (v <= -1.32e+22) {
              		tmp = fma(-0.25, (((w * w) * r) * r), t_0);
              	} else {
              		tmp = fma(-0.375, ((w * r) * (w * r)), t_0);
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              function code(v, w, r)
              	t_0 = Float64(Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r)) - 1.5)
              	tmp = 0.0
              	if (v <= -1.32e+22)
              		tmp = fma(-0.25, Float64(Float64(Float64(w * w) * r) * r), t_0);
              	else
              		tmp = fma(-0.375, Float64(Float64(w * r) * Float64(w * r)), t_0);
              	end
              	return tmp
              end
              
              code[v_, w_, r_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 1.5), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[v, -1.32e+22], N[(-0.25 * N[(N[(N[(w * w), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision] * r), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision], N[(-0.375 * N[(N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision] * N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]]]
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              
              \\
              \begin{array}{l}
              t_0 := \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\\
              \mathbf{if}\;v \leq -1.32 \cdot 10^{+22}:\\
              \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.25, \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r, t\_0\right)\\
              
              \mathbf{else}:\\
              \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right), t\_0\right)\\
              
              
              \end{array}
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Split input into 2 regimes
              2. if v < -1.32e22

                1. Initial program 79.6%

                  \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. sub-negN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
                  2. +-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}} \]
                  3. +-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \frac{3}{2}\right)}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
                  4. distribute-neg-inN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)\right)} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
                  5. metadata-evalN/A

                    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{-3}{2}}\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
                  6. associate-+l+N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right)} \]
                  7. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)\right) \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right) \]
                  8. metadata-evalN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{4}} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right) \]
                  9. +-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \frac{-3}{2}\right)} \]
                  10. metadata-evalN/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)}\right) \]
                  11. sub-negN/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}\right)} \]
                  12. lower-fma.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{4}, {r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}, 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}\right)} \]
                5. Applied rewrites90.8%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.25, \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r, \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right)} \]

                if -1.32e22 < v

                1. Initial program 84.9%

                  \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. sub-negN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
                  2. +-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}} \]
                  3. +-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \frac{3}{2}\right)}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
                  4. distribute-neg-inN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)\right)} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
                  5. metadata-evalN/A

                    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{-3}{2}}\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
                  6. associate-+l+N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right)} \]
                  7. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8}\right)\right) \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right) \]
                  8. metadata-evalN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-3}{8}} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right) \]
                  9. +-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \frac{-3}{2}\right)} \]
                  10. metadata-evalN/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)}\right) \]
                  11. sub-negN/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}\right)} \]
                  12. lower-fma.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-3}{8}, {r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}, 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}\right)} \]
                5. Applied rewrites84.0%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r, \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right)} \]
                6. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites95.5%

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot w\right)}, \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right) \]
                7. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                8. Final simplification94.6%

                  \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;v \leq -1.32 \cdot 10^{+22}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.25, \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r, \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right), \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right)\\ \end{array} \]
                9. Add Preprocessing

                Alternative 8: 92.9% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

                \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right), \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right) \end{array} \]
                (FPCore (v w r)
                 :precision binary64
                 (fma -0.375 (* (* w r) (* w r)) (- (/ 2.0 (* r r)) 1.5)))
                double code(double v, double w, double r) {
                	return fma(-0.375, ((w * r) * (w * r)), ((2.0 / (r * r)) - 1.5));
                }
                
                function code(v, w, r)
                	return fma(-0.375, Float64(Float64(w * r) * Float64(w * r)), Float64(Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r)) - 1.5))
                end
                
                code[v_, w_, r_] := N[(-0.375 * N[(N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision] * N[(w * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 1.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                
                \begin{array}{l}
                
                \\
                \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right), \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right)
                \end{array}
                
                Derivation
                1. Initial program 83.9%

                  \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. sub-negN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
                  2. +-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\frac{3}{2} + \frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}} \]
                  3. +-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \frac{3}{2}\right)}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
                  4. distribute-neg-inN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)\right)} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
                  5. metadata-evalN/A

                    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{-3}{2}}\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} \]
                  6. associate-+l+N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right)} \]
                  7. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{8}\right)\right) \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right) \]
                  8. metadata-evalN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-3}{8}} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \left(\frac{-3}{2} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}\right) \]
                  9. +-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \frac{-3}{2}\right)} \]
                  10. metadata-evalN/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)\right)}\right) \]
                  11. sub-negN/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-3}{8} \cdot \left({r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}\right)} \]
                  12. lower-fma.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-3}{8}, {r}^{2} \cdot {w}^{2}, 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}\right)} \]
                5. Applied rewrites82.5%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r, \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right)} \]
                6. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites92.7%

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(r \cdot w\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r \cdot w\right)}, \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right) \]
                  2. Final simplification92.7%

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375, \left(w \cdot r\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot r\right), \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5\right) \]
                  3. Add Preprocessing

                  Alternative 9: 56.4% accurate, 3.7× speedup?

                  \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5 \end{array} \]
                  (FPCore (v w r) :precision binary64 (- (/ 2.0 (* r r)) 1.5))
                  double code(double v, double w, double r) {
                  	return (2.0 / (r * r)) - 1.5;
                  }
                  
                  real(8) function code(v, w, r)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: v
                      real(8), intent (in) :: w
                      real(8), intent (in) :: r
                      code = (2.0d0 / (r * r)) - 1.5d0
                  end function
                  
                  public static double code(double v, double w, double r) {
                  	return (2.0 / (r * r)) - 1.5;
                  }
                  
                  def code(v, w, r):
                  	return (2.0 / (r * r)) - 1.5
                  
                  function code(v, w, r)
                  	return Float64(Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r)) - 1.5)
                  end
                  
                  function tmp = code(v, w, r)
                  	tmp = (2.0 / (r * r)) - 1.5;
                  end
                  
                  code[v_, w_, r_] := N[(N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 1.5), $MachinePrecision]
                  
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  
                  \\
                  \frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5
                  \end{array}
                  
                  Derivation
                  1. Initial program 83.9%

                    \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in w around 0

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}} \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. lower--.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2}} \]
                    2. associate-*r/N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot 1}{{r}^{2}}} - \frac{3}{2} \]
                    3. metadata-evalN/A

                      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2}}{{r}^{2}} - \frac{3}{2} \]
                    4. lower-/.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{{r}^{2}}} - \frac{3}{2} \]
                    5. unpow2N/A

                      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{r \cdot r}} - \frac{3}{2} \]
                    6. lower-*.f6453.6

                      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{r \cdot r}} - 1.5 \]
                  5. Applied rewrites53.6%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{r \cdot r} - 1.5} \]
                  6. Add Preprocessing

                  Alternative 10: 43.8% accurate, 4.3× speedup?

                  \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{2}{r \cdot r} \end{array} \]
                  (FPCore (v w r) :precision binary64 (/ 2.0 (* r r)))
                  double code(double v, double w, double r) {
                  	return 2.0 / (r * r);
                  }
                  
                  real(8) function code(v, w, r)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: v
                      real(8), intent (in) :: w
                      real(8), intent (in) :: r
                      code = 2.0d0 / (r * r)
                  end function
                  
                  public static double code(double v, double w, double r) {
                  	return 2.0 / (r * r);
                  }
                  
                  def code(v, w, r):
                  	return 2.0 / (r * r)
                  
                  function code(v, w, r)
                  	return Float64(2.0 / Float64(r * r))
                  end
                  
                  function tmp = code(v, w, r)
                  	tmp = 2.0 / (r * r);
                  end
                  
                  code[v_, w_, r_] := N[(2.0 / N[(r * r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                  
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  
                  \\
                  \frac{2}{r \cdot r}
                  \end{array}
                  
                  Derivation
                  1. Initial program 83.9%

                    \[\left(\left(3 + \frac{2}{r \cdot r}\right) - \frac{\left(0.125 \cdot \left(3 - 2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot w\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot r\right)}{1 - v}\right) - 4.5 \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{{r}^{2}}} \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. lower-/.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{{r}^{2}}} \]
                    2. unpow2N/A

                      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{r \cdot r}} \]
                    3. lower-*.f6439.3

                      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{r \cdot r}} \]
                  5. Applied rewrites39.3%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{r \cdot r}} \]
                  6. Add Preprocessing

                  Reproduce

                  ?
                  herbie shell --seed 2024256 
                  (FPCore (v w r)
                    :name "Rosa's TurbineBenchmark"
                    :precision binary64
                    (- (- (+ 3.0 (/ 2.0 (* r r))) (/ (* (* 0.125 (- 3.0 (* 2.0 v))) (* (* (* w w) r) r)) (- 1.0 v))) 4.5))