Diagrams.TwoD.Apollonian:descartes from diagrams-contrib-1.3.0.5

Percentage Accurate: 71.0% → 96.0%
Time: 9.8s
Alternatives: 10
Speedup: 1.2×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z)
 :precision binary64
 (* 2.0 (sqrt (+ (+ (* x y) (* x z)) (* y z)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return 2.0 * sqrt((((x * y) + (x * z)) + (y * z)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = 2.0d0 * sqrt((((x * y) + (x * z)) + (y * z)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return 2.0 * Math.sqrt((((x * y) + (x * z)) + (y * z)));
}
def code(x, y, z):
	return 2.0 * math.sqrt((((x * y) + (x * z)) + (y * z)))
function code(x, y, z)
	return Float64(2.0 * sqrt(Float64(Float64(Float64(x * y) + Float64(x * z)) + Float64(y * z))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = 2.0 * sqrt((((x * y) + (x * z)) + (y * z)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(2.0 * N[Sqrt[N[(N[(N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision] + N[(x * z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 10 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 71.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z)
 :precision binary64
 (* 2.0 (sqrt (+ (+ (* x y) (* x z)) (* y z)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return 2.0 * sqrt((((x * y) + (x * z)) + (y * z)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = 2.0d0 * sqrt((((x * y) + (x * z)) + (y * z)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return 2.0 * Math.sqrt((((x * y) + (x * z)) + (y * z)));
}
def code(x, y, z):
	return 2.0 * math.sqrt((((x * y) + (x * z)) + (y * z)))
function code(x, y, z)
	return Float64(2.0 * sqrt(Float64(Float64(Float64(x * y) + Float64(x * z)) + Float64(y * z))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = 2.0 * sqrt((((x * y) + (x * z)) + (y * z)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(2.0 * N[Sqrt[N[(N[(N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision] + N[(x * z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 96.0% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -4.1 \cdot 10^{+42}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(-2\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \cdot y\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 2000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}} \cdot 2\right) \cdot z\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (x y z)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= y -4.1e+42)
   (* (* (- 2.0) (sqrt (/ (+ x z) y))) y)
   (if (<= y 2000000.0)
     (* (sqrt (fma (+ x y) z (* x y))) 2.0)
     (* (* (sqrt (/ (+ x y) z)) 2.0) z))))
assert(x < y && y < z);
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -4.1e+42) {
		tmp = (-2.0 * sqrt(((x + z) / y))) * y;
	} else if (y <= 2000000.0) {
		tmp = sqrt(fma((x + y), z, (x * y))) * 2.0;
	} else {
		tmp = (sqrt(((x + y) / z)) * 2.0) * z;
	}
	return tmp;
}
x, y, z = sort([x, y, z])
function code(x, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y <= -4.1e+42)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(-2.0) * sqrt(Float64(Float64(x + z) / y))) * y);
	elseif (y <= 2000000.0)
		tmp = Float64(sqrt(fma(Float64(x + y), z, Float64(x * y))) * 2.0);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(x + y) / z)) * 2.0) * z);
	end
	return tmp
end
NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[x_, y_, z_] := If[LessEqual[y, -4.1e+42], N[(N[((-2.0) * N[Sqrt[N[(N[(x + z), $MachinePrecision] / y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * y), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[y, 2000000.0], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z + N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
[x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -4.1 \cdot 10^{+42}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\left(-2\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \cdot y\\

\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 2000000:\\
\;\;\;\;\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}} \cdot 2\right) \cdot z\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if y < -4.1e42

    1. Initial program 52.4%

      \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
      3. lower-*.f6452.4

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
      4. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
      5. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right)} + y \cdot z} \cdot 2 \]
      6. associate-+l+N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot y + \left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
      7. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y}} \cdot 2 \]
      8. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot z} + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
      9. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(x \cdot z + \color{blue}{y \cdot z}\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
      10. distribute-rgt-outN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
      11. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
      12. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
      13. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
      14. lower-+.f6452.4

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
      15. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{x \cdot y}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
      16. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
      17. lower-*.f6452.4

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
    4. Applied rewrites52.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, y \cdot x\right)} \cdot 2} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, y \cdot x\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
      2. lift-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(y + x\right) \cdot z + y \cdot x}} \cdot 2 \]
      3. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{y \cdot x + \left(y + x\right) \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
      4. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{y \cdot x} + \left(y + x\right) \cdot z} \cdot 2 \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot y} + \left(y + x\right) \cdot z} \cdot 2 \]
      6. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{x \cdot y + \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(y + x\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
      7. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{x \cdot y + z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
      8. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{x \cdot y + z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
      9. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{x \cdot y + \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
      10. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{x \cdot y + \left(x \cdot z + \color{blue}{y \cdot z}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
      11. associate-+l+N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
      12. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + \color{blue}{y \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
      13. pow1/2N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot 2 \]
      14. sqr-powN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({\left(\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
      15. pow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left({\left(\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)}\right)}^{2}} \cdot 2 \]
      16. lower-pow.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left({\left(\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)}\right)}^{2}} \cdot 2 \]
    6. Applied rewrites52.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(z, x + y, x \cdot y\right)\right)}^{0.25}\right)}^{2}} \cdot 2 \]
    7. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}} + \left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{y}^{3} \cdot \left(x + z\right)}}\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}} + \left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{y}^{3} \cdot \left(x + z\right)}}\right)} \]
      2. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{y}^{3} \cdot \left(x + z\right)}} + 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right)} \]
      3. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{1}{{y}^{3} \cdot \left(x + z\right)}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right)} \]
      4. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot z}, \sqrt{\frac{1}{{y}^{3} \cdot \left(x + z\right)}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
      5. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{{y}^{3} \cdot \left(x + z\right)}}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
      6. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{x + z}}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
      7. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{x + z}}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
      8. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}}{x + z}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
      9. lower-pow.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{y}^{3}}}}{x + z}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
      10. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{\color{blue}{z + x}}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
      11. lower-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{\color{blue}{z + x}}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
      12. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{z + x}}, \color{blue}{2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}}\right) \]
      13. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{z + x}}, 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}}\right) \]
      14. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{z + x}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{x + z}{y}}}\right) \]
      15. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{z + x}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{z + x}}{y}}\right) \]
      16. lower-+.f640.9

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{z + x}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{z + x}}{y}}\right) \]
    9. Applied rewrites0.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{z + x}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{z + x}{y}}\right)} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in y around -inf

      \[\leadsto y \cdot \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-1}\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites74.7%

        \[\leadsto y \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{z + x}{y}} \cdot -1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{2}\right) \]

      if -4.1e42 < y < 2e6

      1. Initial program 85.1%

        \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \]
        2. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
        3. lower-*.f6485.1

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
        4. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
        5. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right)} + y \cdot z} \cdot 2 \]
        6. associate-+l+N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot y + \left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
        7. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y}} \cdot 2 \]
        8. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot z} + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
        9. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(x \cdot z + \color{blue}{y \cdot z}\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
        10. distribute-rgt-outN/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
        11. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
        12. lower-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
        13. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
        14. lower-+.f6485.1

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
        15. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{x \cdot y}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
        16. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
        17. lower-*.f6485.1

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
      4. Applied rewrites85.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, y \cdot x\right)} \cdot 2} \]

      if 2e6 < y

      1. Initial program 55.0%

        \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \]
        2. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
        3. lower-*.f6455.0

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
        4. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
        5. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right)} + y \cdot z} \cdot 2 \]
        6. associate-+l+N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot y + \left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
        7. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y}} \cdot 2 \]
        8. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot z} + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
        9. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(x \cdot z + \color{blue}{y \cdot z}\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
        10. distribute-rgt-outN/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
        11. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
        12. lower-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
        13. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
        14. lower-+.f6455.0

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
        15. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{x \cdot y}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
        16. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
        17. lower-*.f6455.0

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
      4. Applied rewrites55.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, y \cdot x\right)} \cdot 2} \]
      5. Taylor expanded in z around inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}} + \left(x \cdot y\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{z}^{3} \cdot \left(x + y\right)}}\right)} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}} + \left(x \cdot y\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{z}^{3} \cdot \left(x + y\right)}}\right) \cdot z} \]
        2. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}} + \left(x \cdot y\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{z}^{3} \cdot \left(x + y\right)}}\right) \cdot z} \]
      7. Applied rewrites32.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{z}^{3}}}{y + x}}, y \cdot x, \sqrt{\frac{y + x}{z}} \cdot 2\right) \cdot z} \]
      8. Taylor expanded in z around inf

        \[\leadsto \left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}}\right) \cdot z \]
      9. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites42.5%

          \[\leadsto \left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{y + x}{z}}\right) \cdot z \]
      10. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
      11. Final simplification72.1%

        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -4.1 \cdot 10^{+42}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(-2\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \cdot y\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 2000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}} \cdot 2\right) \cdot z\\ \end{array} \]
      12. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 2: 83.5% accurate, 0.9× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq 2000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}} \cdot 2\right) \cdot z\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
      (FPCore (x y z)
       :precision binary64
       (if (<= y 2000000.0)
         (* (sqrt (fma (+ x y) z (* x y))) 2.0)
         (* (* (sqrt (/ (+ x y) z)) 2.0) z)))
      assert(x < y && y < z);
      double code(double x, double y, double z) {
      	double tmp;
      	if (y <= 2000000.0) {
      		tmp = sqrt(fma((x + y), z, (x * y))) * 2.0;
      	} else {
      		tmp = (sqrt(((x + y) / z)) * 2.0) * z;
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      x, y, z = sort([x, y, z])
      function code(x, y, z)
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if (y <= 2000000.0)
      		tmp = Float64(sqrt(fma(Float64(x + y), z, Float64(x * y))) * 2.0);
      	else
      		tmp = Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(x + y) / z)) * 2.0) * z);
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
      code[x_, y_, z_] := If[LessEqual[y, 2000000.0], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z + N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      \mathbf{if}\;y \leq 2000000:\\
      \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}} \cdot 2\right) \cdot z\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 2 regimes
      2. if y < 2e6

        1. Initial program 76.5%

          \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \]
          2. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
          3. lower-*.f6476.5

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
          4. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
          5. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right)} + y \cdot z} \cdot 2 \]
          6. associate-+l+N/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot y + \left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
          7. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y}} \cdot 2 \]
          8. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot z} + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
          9. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(x \cdot z + \color{blue}{y \cdot z}\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
          10. distribute-rgt-outN/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
          11. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
          12. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
          13. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
          14. lower-+.f6476.5

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
          15. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{x \cdot y}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
          16. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
          17. lower-*.f6476.5

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
        4. Applied rewrites76.5%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, y \cdot x\right)} \cdot 2} \]

        if 2e6 < y

        1. Initial program 55.0%

          \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \]
          2. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
          3. lower-*.f6455.0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
          4. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
          5. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right)} + y \cdot z} \cdot 2 \]
          6. associate-+l+N/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot y + \left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
          7. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y}} \cdot 2 \]
          8. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot z} + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
          9. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(x \cdot z + \color{blue}{y \cdot z}\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
          10. distribute-rgt-outN/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
          11. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
          12. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
          13. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
          14. lower-+.f6455.0

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
          15. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{x \cdot y}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
          16. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
          17. lower-*.f6455.0

            \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
        4. Applied rewrites55.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, y \cdot x\right)} \cdot 2} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in z around inf

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}} + \left(x \cdot y\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{z}^{3} \cdot \left(x + y\right)}}\right)} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}} + \left(x \cdot y\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{z}^{3} \cdot \left(x + y\right)}}\right) \cdot z} \]
          2. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}} + \left(x \cdot y\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{z}^{3} \cdot \left(x + y\right)}}\right) \cdot z} \]
        7. Applied rewrites32.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{z}^{3}}}{y + x}}, y \cdot x, \sqrt{\frac{y + x}{z}} \cdot 2\right) \cdot z} \]
        8. Taylor expanded in z around inf

          \[\leadsto \left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}}\right) \cdot z \]
        9. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites42.5%

            \[\leadsto \left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{y + x}{z}}\right) \cdot z \]
        10. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
        11. Final simplification67.7%

          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq 2000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}} \cdot 2\right) \cdot z\\ \end{array} \]
        12. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 3: 83.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq 520000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\frac{z}{y}} \cdot 2\right) \cdot y\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
        (FPCore (x y z)
         :precision binary64
         (if (<= y 520000000000.0)
           (* (sqrt (fma (+ x y) z (* x y))) 2.0)
           (* (* (sqrt (/ z y)) 2.0) y)))
        assert(x < y && y < z);
        double code(double x, double y, double z) {
        	double tmp;
        	if (y <= 520000000000.0) {
        		tmp = sqrt(fma((x + y), z, (x * y))) * 2.0;
        	} else {
        		tmp = (sqrt((z / y)) * 2.0) * y;
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        x, y, z = sort([x, y, z])
        function code(x, y, z)
        	tmp = 0.0
        	if (y <= 520000000000.0)
        		tmp = Float64(sqrt(fma(Float64(x + y), z, Float64(x * y))) * 2.0);
        	else
        		tmp = Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(z / y)) * 2.0) * y);
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
        code[x_, y_, z_] := If[LessEqual[y, 520000000000.0], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z + N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(z / y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * y), $MachinePrecision]]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        \mathbf{if}\;y \leq 520000000000:\\
        \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\frac{z}{y}} \cdot 2\right) \cdot y\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Split input into 2 regimes
        2. if y < 5.2e11

          1. Initial program 76.2%

            \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \]
            2. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
            3. lower-*.f6476.2

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
            4. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
            5. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right)} + y \cdot z} \cdot 2 \]
            6. associate-+l+N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot y + \left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
            7. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y}} \cdot 2 \]
            8. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot z} + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
            9. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(x \cdot z + \color{blue}{y \cdot z}\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
            10. distribute-rgt-outN/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
            11. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
            12. lower-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
            13. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
            14. lower-+.f6476.2

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
            15. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{x \cdot y}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
            16. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
            17. lower-*.f6476.2

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
          4. Applied rewrites76.2%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, y \cdot x\right)} \cdot 2} \]

          if 5.2e11 < y

          1. Initial program 55.1%

            \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \]
            2. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
            3. lower-*.f6455.1

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
            4. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
            5. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right)} + y \cdot z} \cdot 2 \]
            6. associate-+l+N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot y + \left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
            7. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y}} \cdot 2 \]
            8. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot z} + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
            9. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(x \cdot z + \color{blue}{y \cdot z}\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
            10. distribute-rgt-outN/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
            11. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
            12. lower-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
            13. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
            14. lower-+.f6455.1

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
            15. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{x \cdot y}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
            16. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
            17. lower-*.f6455.1

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
          4. Applied rewrites55.1%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, y \cdot x\right)} \cdot 2} \]
          5. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-sqrt.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, y \cdot x\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
            2. lift-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(y + x\right) \cdot z + y \cdot x}} \cdot 2 \]
            3. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{y \cdot x + \left(y + x\right) \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
            4. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{y \cdot x} + \left(y + x\right) \cdot z} \cdot 2 \]
            5. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot y} + \left(y + x\right) \cdot z} \cdot 2 \]
            6. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{x \cdot y + \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(y + x\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
            7. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{x \cdot y + z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
            8. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{x \cdot y + z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
            9. distribute-rgt-inN/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{x \cdot y + \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
            10. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{x \cdot y + \left(x \cdot z + \color{blue}{y \cdot z}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
            11. associate-+l+N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
            12. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + \color{blue}{y \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
            13. pow1/2N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot 2 \]
            14. sqr-powN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({\left(\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
            15. pow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left({\left(\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)}\right)}^{2}} \cdot 2 \]
            16. lower-pow.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left({\left(\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)}\right)}^{2}} \cdot 2 \]
          6. Applied rewrites55.5%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(z, x + y, x \cdot y\right)\right)}^{0.25}\right)}^{2}} \cdot 2 \]
          7. Taylor expanded in y around inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}} + \left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{y}^{3} \cdot \left(x + z\right)}}\right)} \]
          8. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}} + \left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{y}^{3} \cdot \left(x + z\right)}}\right)} \]
            2. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{y}^{3} \cdot \left(x + z\right)}} + 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right)} \]
            3. lower-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{1}{{y}^{3} \cdot \left(x + z\right)}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right)} \]
            4. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot z}, \sqrt{\frac{1}{{y}^{3} \cdot \left(x + z\right)}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
            5. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{{y}^{3} \cdot \left(x + z\right)}}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
            6. associate-/r*N/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{x + z}}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
            7. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{x + z}}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
            8. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}}{x + z}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
            9. lower-pow.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{y}^{3}}}}{x + z}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
            10. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{\color{blue}{z + x}}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
            11. lower-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{\color{blue}{z + x}}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}\right) \]
            12. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{z + x}}, \color{blue}{2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}}\right) \]
            13. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{z + x}}, 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{x + z}{y}}}\right) \]
            14. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{z + x}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{x + z}{y}}}\right) \]
            15. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{z + x}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{z + x}}{y}}\right) \]
            16. lower-+.f6474.9

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{z + x}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{z + x}}{y}}\right) \]
          9. Applied rewrites74.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot z, \sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{y}^{3}}}{z + x}}, 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{z + x}{y}}\right)} \]
          10. Taylor expanded in x around 0

            \[\leadsto y \cdot \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{z}{y}}}\right) \]
          11. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites40.5%

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{z}{y}} \cdot \color{blue}{2}\right) \]
          12. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
          13. Final simplification67.3%

            \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq 520000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\frac{z}{y}} \cdot 2\right) \cdot y\\ \end{array} \]
          14. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 4: 83.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq 2000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\frac{y}{z}} \cdot 2\right) \cdot z\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
          NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
          (FPCore (x y z)
           :precision binary64
           (if (<= y 2000000.0)
             (* (sqrt (fma (+ x y) z (* x y))) 2.0)
             (* (* (sqrt (/ y z)) 2.0) z)))
          assert(x < y && y < z);
          double code(double x, double y, double z) {
          	double tmp;
          	if (y <= 2000000.0) {
          		tmp = sqrt(fma((x + y), z, (x * y))) * 2.0;
          	} else {
          		tmp = (sqrt((y / z)) * 2.0) * z;
          	}
          	return tmp;
          }
          
          x, y, z = sort([x, y, z])
          function code(x, y, z)
          	tmp = 0.0
          	if (y <= 2000000.0)
          		tmp = Float64(sqrt(fma(Float64(x + y), z, Float64(x * y))) * 2.0);
          	else
          		tmp = Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(y / z)) * 2.0) * z);
          	end
          	return tmp
          end
          
          NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
          code[x_, y_, z_] := If[LessEqual[y, 2000000.0], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z + N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(y / z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]]
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\
          \\
          \begin{array}{l}
          \mathbf{if}\;y \leq 2000000:\\
          \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2\\
          
          \mathbf{else}:\\
          \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\frac{y}{z}} \cdot 2\right) \cdot z\\
          
          
          \end{array}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Split input into 2 regimes
          2. if y < 2e6

            1. Initial program 76.5%

              \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lift-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \]
              2. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
              3. lower-*.f6476.5

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
              4. lift-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
              5. lift-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right)} + y \cdot z} \cdot 2 \]
              6. associate-+l+N/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot y + \left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
              7. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y}} \cdot 2 \]
              8. lift-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot z} + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
              9. lift-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(x \cdot z + \color{blue}{y \cdot z}\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
              10. distribute-rgt-outN/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
              11. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
              12. lower-fma.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
              13. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
              14. lower-+.f6476.5

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
              15. lift-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{x \cdot y}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
              16. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
              17. lower-*.f6476.5

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
            4. Applied rewrites76.5%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, y \cdot x\right)} \cdot 2} \]

            if 2e6 < y

            1. Initial program 55.0%

              \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lift-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \]
              2. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
              3. lower-*.f6455.0

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
              4. lift-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
              5. lift-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right)} + y \cdot z} \cdot 2 \]
              6. associate-+l+N/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot y + \left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
              7. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y}} \cdot 2 \]
              8. lift-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot z} + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
              9. lift-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(x \cdot z + \color{blue}{y \cdot z}\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
              10. distribute-rgt-outN/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
              11. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
              12. lower-fma.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
              13. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
              14. lower-+.f6455.0

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
              15. lift-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{x \cdot y}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
              16. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
              17. lower-*.f6455.0

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
            4. Applied rewrites55.0%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, y \cdot x\right)} \cdot 2} \]
            5. Taylor expanded in z around inf

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}} + \left(x \cdot y\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{z}^{3} \cdot \left(x + y\right)}}\right)} \]
            6. Step-by-step derivation
              1. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}} + \left(x \cdot y\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{z}^{3} \cdot \left(x + y\right)}}\right) \cdot z} \]
              2. lower-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{x + y}{z}} + \left(x \cdot y\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{z}^{3} \cdot \left(x + y\right)}}\right) \cdot z} \]
            7. Applied rewrites32.4%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{{z}^{3}}}{y + x}}, y \cdot x, \sqrt{\frac{y + x}{z}} \cdot 2\right) \cdot z} \]
            8. Taylor expanded in x around 0

              \[\leadsto \left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{y}{z}}\right) \cdot z \]
            9. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites39.5%

                \[\leadsto \left(2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{y}{z}}\right) \cdot z \]
            10. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
            11. Final simplification67.0%

              \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq 2000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\frac{y}{z}} \cdot 2\right) \cdot z\\ \end{array} \]
            12. Add Preprocessing

            Alternative 5: 71.0% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

            \[\begin{array}{l} [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-282}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, x, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} \cdot 2\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
            NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
            (FPCore (x y z)
             :precision binary64
             (if (<= y -2e-282)
               (* (sqrt (fma z x (* x y))) 2.0)
               (* (sqrt (* (+ x y) z)) 2.0)))
            assert(x < y && y < z);
            double code(double x, double y, double z) {
            	double tmp;
            	if (y <= -2e-282) {
            		tmp = sqrt(fma(z, x, (x * y))) * 2.0;
            	} else {
            		tmp = sqrt(((x + y) * z)) * 2.0;
            	}
            	return tmp;
            }
            
            x, y, z = sort([x, y, z])
            function code(x, y, z)
            	tmp = 0.0
            	if (y <= -2e-282)
            		tmp = Float64(sqrt(fma(z, x, Float64(x * y))) * 2.0);
            	else
            		tmp = Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(x + y) * z)) * 2.0);
            	end
            	return tmp
            end
            
            NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
            code[x_, y_, z_] := If[LessEqual[y, -2e-282], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(z * x + N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]]
            
            \begin{array}{l}
            [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\
            \\
            \begin{array}{l}
            \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-282}:\\
            \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, x, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2\\
            
            \mathbf{else}:\\
            \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} \cdot 2\\
            
            
            \end{array}
            \end{array}
            
            Derivation
            1. Split input into 2 regimes
            2. if y < -2e-282

              1. Initial program 69.5%

                \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in x around inf

                \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(y + z\right)}} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(y + z\right) \cdot x}} \]
                2. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(y + z\right) \cdot x}} \]
                3. +-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(z + y\right)} \cdot x} \]
                4. lower-+.f6448.0

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(z + y\right)} \cdot x} \]
              5. Applied rewrites48.0%

                \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(z + y\right) \cdot x}} \]
              6. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites47.9%

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, \color{blue}{x}, x \cdot y\right)} \]

                if -2e-282 < y

                1. Initial program 72.2%

                  \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in z around inf

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. *-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z}} \]
                  2. lower-*.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z}} \]
                  3. +-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)} \cdot z} \]
                  4. lower-+.f6448.3

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)} \cdot z} \]
                5. Applied rewrites48.3%

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(y + x\right) \cdot z}} \]
              7. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
              8. Final simplification48.1%

                \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-282}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, x, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} \cdot 2\\ \end{array} \]
              9. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 6: 71.0% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-282}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(z + y\right) \cdot x} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} \cdot 2\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
              NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              (FPCore (x y z)
               :precision binary64
               (if (<= y -2e-282) (* (sqrt (* (+ z y) x)) 2.0) (* (sqrt (* (+ x y) z)) 2.0)))
              assert(x < y && y < z);
              double code(double x, double y, double z) {
              	double tmp;
              	if (y <= -2e-282) {
              		tmp = sqrt(((z + y) * x)) * 2.0;
              	} else {
              		tmp = sqrt(((x + y) * z)) * 2.0;
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              real(8) function code(x, y, z)
                  real(8), intent (in) :: x
                  real(8), intent (in) :: y
                  real(8), intent (in) :: z
                  real(8) :: tmp
                  if (y <= (-2d-282)) then
                      tmp = sqrt(((z + y) * x)) * 2.0d0
                  else
                      tmp = sqrt(((x + y) * z)) * 2.0d0
                  end if
                  code = tmp
              end function
              
              assert x < y && y < z;
              public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
              	double tmp;
              	if (y <= -2e-282) {
              		tmp = Math.sqrt(((z + y) * x)) * 2.0;
              	} else {
              		tmp = Math.sqrt(((x + y) * z)) * 2.0;
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              [x, y, z] = sort([x, y, z])
              def code(x, y, z):
              	tmp = 0
              	if y <= -2e-282:
              		tmp = math.sqrt(((z + y) * x)) * 2.0
              	else:
              		tmp = math.sqrt(((x + y) * z)) * 2.0
              	return tmp
              
              x, y, z = sort([x, y, z])
              function code(x, y, z)
              	tmp = 0.0
              	if (y <= -2e-282)
              		tmp = Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(z + y) * x)) * 2.0);
              	else
              		tmp = Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(x + y) * z)) * 2.0);
              	end
              	return tmp
              end
              
              x, y, z = num2cell(sort([x, y, z])){:}
              function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
              	tmp = 0.0;
              	if (y <= -2e-282)
              		tmp = sqrt(((z + y) * x)) * 2.0;
              	else
              		tmp = sqrt(((x + y) * z)) * 2.0;
              	end
              	tmp_2 = tmp;
              end
              
              NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              code[x_, y_, z_] := If[LessEqual[y, -2e-282], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(z + y), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]]
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\
              \\
              \begin{array}{l}
              \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-282}:\\
              \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(z + y\right) \cdot x} \cdot 2\\
              
              \mathbf{else}:\\
              \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} \cdot 2\\
              
              
              \end{array}
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Split input into 2 regimes
              2. if y < -2e-282

                1. Initial program 69.5%

                  \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in x around inf

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(y + z\right)}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. *-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(y + z\right) \cdot x}} \]
                  2. lower-*.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(y + z\right) \cdot x}} \]
                  3. +-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(z + y\right)} \cdot x} \]
                  4. lower-+.f6448.0

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(z + y\right)} \cdot x} \]
                5. Applied rewrites48.0%

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(z + y\right) \cdot x}} \]

                if -2e-282 < y

                1. Initial program 72.2%

                  \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in z around inf

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. *-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z}} \]
                  2. lower-*.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z}} \]
                  3. +-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)} \cdot z} \]
                  4. lower-+.f6448.3

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)} \cdot z} \]
                5. Applied rewrites48.3%

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(y + x\right) \cdot z}} \]
              3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
              4. Final simplification48.2%

                \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-282}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(z + y\right) \cdot x} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} \cdot 2\\ \end{array} \]
              5. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 7: 69.9% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2.6 \cdot 10^{-282}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{x \cdot y} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} \cdot 2\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
              NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              (FPCore (x y z)
               :precision binary64
               (if (<= y -2.6e-282) (* (sqrt (* x y)) 2.0) (* (sqrt (* (+ x y) z)) 2.0)))
              assert(x < y && y < z);
              double code(double x, double y, double z) {
              	double tmp;
              	if (y <= -2.6e-282) {
              		tmp = sqrt((x * y)) * 2.0;
              	} else {
              		tmp = sqrt(((x + y) * z)) * 2.0;
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              real(8) function code(x, y, z)
                  real(8), intent (in) :: x
                  real(8), intent (in) :: y
                  real(8), intent (in) :: z
                  real(8) :: tmp
                  if (y <= (-2.6d-282)) then
                      tmp = sqrt((x * y)) * 2.0d0
                  else
                      tmp = sqrt(((x + y) * z)) * 2.0d0
                  end if
                  code = tmp
              end function
              
              assert x < y && y < z;
              public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
              	double tmp;
              	if (y <= -2.6e-282) {
              		tmp = Math.sqrt((x * y)) * 2.0;
              	} else {
              		tmp = Math.sqrt(((x + y) * z)) * 2.0;
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              [x, y, z] = sort([x, y, z])
              def code(x, y, z):
              	tmp = 0
              	if y <= -2.6e-282:
              		tmp = math.sqrt((x * y)) * 2.0
              	else:
              		tmp = math.sqrt(((x + y) * z)) * 2.0
              	return tmp
              
              x, y, z = sort([x, y, z])
              function code(x, y, z)
              	tmp = 0.0
              	if (y <= -2.6e-282)
              		tmp = Float64(sqrt(Float64(x * y)) * 2.0);
              	else
              		tmp = Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(x + y) * z)) * 2.0);
              	end
              	return tmp
              end
              
              x, y, z = num2cell(sort([x, y, z])){:}
              function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
              	tmp = 0.0;
              	if (y <= -2.6e-282)
              		tmp = sqrt((x * y)) * 2.0;
              	else
              		tmp = sqrt(((x + y) * z)) * 2.0;
              	end
              	tmp_2 = tmp;
              end
              
              NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              code[x_, y_, z_] := If[LessEqual[y, -2.6e-282], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]]
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\
              \\
              \begin{array}{l}
              \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2.6 \cdot 10^{-282}:\\
              \;\;\;\;\sqrt{x \cdot y} \cdot 2\\
              
              \mathbf{else}:\\
              \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} \cdot 2\\
              
              
              \end{array}
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Split input into 2 regimes
              2. if y < -2.60000000000000012e-282

                1. Initial program 69.5%

                  \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot y}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. *-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{y \cdot x}} \]
                  2. lower-*.f6423.4

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{y \cdot x}} \]
                5. Applied rewrites23.4%

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{y \cdot x}} \]

                if -2.60000000000000012e-282 < y

                1. Initial program 72.2%

                  \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in z around inf

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. *-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z}} \]
                  2. lower-*.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z}} \]
                  3. +-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)} \cdot z} \]
                  4. lower-+.f6448.3

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)} \cdot z} \]
                5. Applied rewrites48.3%

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(y + x\right) \cdot z}} \]
              3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
              4. Final simplification36.5%

                \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2.6 \cdot 10^{-282}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{x \cdot y} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} \cdot 2\\ \end{array} \]
              5. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 8: 71.1% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\ \\ \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \end{array} \]
              NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              (FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 (* (sqrt (fma (+ x y) z (* x y))) 2.0))
              assert(x < y && y < z);
              double code(double x, double y, double z) {
              	return sqrt(fma((x + y), z, (x * y))) * 2.0;
              }
              
              x, y, z = sort([x, y, z])
              function code(x, y, z)
              	return Float64(sqrt(fma(Float64(x + y), z, Float64(x * y))) * 2.0)
              end
              
              NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z + N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\
              \\
              \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Initial program 70.9%

                \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lift-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \]
                2. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
                3. lower-*.f6470.9

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \cdot 2} \]
                4. lift-+.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z}} \cdot 2 \]
                5. lift-+.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right)} + y \cdot z} \cdot 2 \]
                6. associate-+l+N/A

                  \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot y + \left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
                7. +-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y}} \cdot 2 \]
                8. lift-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot z} + y \cdot z\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
                9. lift-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(x \cdot z + \color{blue}{y \cdot z}\right) + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
                10. distribute-rgt-outN/A

                  \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
                11. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z} + x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
                12. lower-fma.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)}} \cdot 2 \]
                13. +-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
                14. lower-+.f6471.0

                  \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y + x}, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
                15. lift-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{x \cdot y}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
                16. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
                17. lower-*.f6471.0

                  \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, \color{blue}{y \cdot x}\right)} \cdot 2 \]
              4. Applied rewrites71.0%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + x, z, y \cdot x\right)} \cdot 2} \]
              5. Final simplification71.0%

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + y, z, x \cdot y\right)} \cdot 2 \]
              6. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 9: 68.8% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{x \cdot y} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{z \cdot y} \cdot 2\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
              NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              (FPCore (x y z)
               :precision binary64
               (if (<= y -2e-310) (* (sqrt (* x y)) 2.0) (* (sqrt (* z y)) 2.0)))
              assert(x < y && y < z);
              double code(double x, double y, double z) {
              	double tmp;
              	if (y <= -2e-310) {
              		tmp = sqrt((x * y)) * 2.0;
              	} else {
              		tmp = sqrt((z * y)) * 2.0;
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              real(8) function code(x, y, z)
                  real(8), intent (in) :: x
                  real(8), intent (in) :: y
                  real(8), intent (in) :: z
                  real(8) :: tmp
                  if (y <= (-2d-310)) then
                      tmp = sqrt((x * y)) * 2.0d0
                  else
                      tmp = sqrt((z * y)) * 2.0d0
                  end if
                  code = tmp
              end function
              
              assert x < y && y < z;
              public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
              	double tmp;
              	if (y <= -2e-310) {
              		tmp = Math.sqrt((x * y)) * 2.0;
              	} else {
              		tmp = Math.sqrt((z * y)) * 2.0;
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              [x, y, z] = sort([x, y, z])
              def code(x, y, z):
              	tmp = 0
              	if y <= -2e-310:
              		tmp = math.sqrt((x * y)) * 2.0
              	else:
              		tmp = math.sqrt((z * y)) * 2.0
              	return tmp
              
              x, y, z = sort([x, y, z])
              function code(x, y, z)
              	tmp = 0.0
              	if (y <= -2e-310)
              		tmp = Float64(sqrt(Float64(x * y)) * 2.0);
              	else
              		tmp = Float64(sqrt(Float64(z * y)) * 2.0);
              	end
              	return tmp
              end
              
              x, y, z = num2cell(sort([x, y, z])){:}
              function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
              	tmp = 0.0;
              	if (y <= -2e-310)
              		tmp = sqrt((x * y)) * 2.0;
              	else
              		tmp = sqrt((z * y)) * 2.0;
              	end
              	tmp_2 = tmp;
              end
              
              NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              code[x_, y_, z_] := If[LessEqual[y, -2e-310], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]]
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\
              \\
              \begin{array}{l}
              \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\
              \;\;\;\;\sqrt{x \cdot y} \cdot 2\\
              
              \mathbf{else}:\\
              \;\;\;\;\sqrt{z \cdot y} \cdot 2\\
              
              
              \end{array}
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Split input into 2 regimes
              2. if y < -1.999999999999994e-310

                1. Initial program 71.2%

                  \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot y}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. *-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{y \cdot x}} \]
                  2. lower-*.f6422.2

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{y \cdot x}} \]
                5. Applied rewrites22.2%

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{y \cdot x}} \]

                if -1.999999999999994e-310 < y

                1. Initial program 70.7%

                  \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{y \cdot z}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. *-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot y}} \]
                  2. lower-*.f6424.7

                    \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot y}} \]
                5. Applied rewrites24.7%

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{z \cdot y}} \]
              3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
              4. Final simplification23.5%

                \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{x \cdot y} \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{z \cdot y} \cdot 2\\ \end{array} \]
              5. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 10: 36.3% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\ \\ \sqrt{x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \end{array} \]
              NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              (FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 (* (sqrt (* x y)) 2.0))
              assert(x < y && y < z);
              double code(double x, double y, double z) {
              	return sqrt((x * y)) * 2.0;
              }
              
              NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              real(8) function code(x, y, z)
                  real(8), intent (in) :: x
                  real(8), intent (in) :: y
                  real(8), intent (in) :: z
                  code = sqrt((x * y)) * 2.0d0
              end function
              
              assert x < y && y < z;
              public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
              	return Math.sqrt((x * y)) * 2.0;
              }
              
              [x, y, z] = sort([x, y, z])
              def code(x, y, z):
              	return math.sqrt((x * y)) * 2.0
              
              x, y, z = sort([x, y, z])
              function code(x, y, z)
              	return Float64(sqrt(Float64(x * y)) * 2.0)
              end
              
              x, y, z = num2cell(sort([x, y, z])){:}
              function tmp = code(x, y, z)
              	tmp = sqrt((x * y)) * 2.0;
              end
              
              NOTE: x, y, and z should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(N[Sqrt[N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              [x, y, z] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y, z])\\
              \\
              \sqrt{x \cdot y} \cdot 2
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Initial program 70.9%

                \[2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot y + x \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

                \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{x \cdot y}} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{y \cdot x}} \]
                2. lower-*.f6424.9

                  \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{y \cdot x}} \]
              5. Applied rewrites24.9%

                \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{y \cdot x}} \]
              6. Final simplification24.9%

                \[\leadsto \sqrt{x \cdot y} \cdot 2 \]
              7. Add Preprocessing

              Developer Target 1: 82.6% accurate, 0.0× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 0.25 \cdot \left(\left({y}^{-0.75} \cdot \left({z}^{-0.75} \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \left(y + z\right)\right) + {z}^{0.25} \cdot {y}^{0.25}\\ \mathbf{if}\;z < 7.636950090573675 \cdot 10^{+176}:\\ \;\;\;\;2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z + x \cdot y}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(t\_0 \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot 2\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
              (FPCore (x y z)
               :precision binary64
               (let* ((t_0
                       (+
                        (* 0.25 (* (* (pow y -0.75) (* (pow z -0.75) x)) (+ y z)))
                        (* (pow z 0.25) (pow y 0.25)))))
                 (if (< z 7.636950090573675e+176)
                   (* 2.0 (sqrt (+ (* (+ x y) z) (* x y))))
                   (* (* t_0 t_0) 2.0))))
              double code(double x, double y, double z) {
              	double t_0 = (0.25 * ((pow(y, -0.75) * (pow(z, -0.75) * x)) * (y + z))) + (pow(z, 0.25) * pow(y, 0.25));
              	double tmp;
              	if (z < 7.636950090573675e+176) {
              		tmp = 2.0 * sqrt((((x + y) * z) + (x * y)));
              	} else {
              		tmp = (t_0 * t_0) * 2.0;
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              real(8) function code(x, y, z)
                  real(8), intent (in) :: x
                  real(8), intent (in) :: y
                  real(8), intent (in) :: z
                  real(8) :: t_0
                  real(8) :: tmp
                  t_0 = (0.25d0 * (((y ** (-0.75d0)) * ((z ** (-0.75d0)) * x)) * (y + z))) + ((z ** 0.25d0) * (y ** 0.25d0))
                  if (z < 7.636950090573675d+176) then
                      tmp = 2.0d0 * sqrt((((x + y) * z) + (x * y)))
                  else
                      tmp = (t_0 * t_0) * 2.0d0
                  end if
                  code = tmp
              end function
              
              public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
              	double t_0 = (0.25 * ((Math.pow(y, -0.75) * (Math.pow(z, -0.75) * x)) * (y + z))) + (Math.pow(z, 0.25) * Math.pow(y, 0.25));
              	double tmp;
              	if (z < 7.636950090573675e+176) {
              		tmp = 2.0 * Math.sqrt((((x + y) * z) + (x * y)));
              	} else {
              		tmp = (t_0 * t_0) * 2.0;
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              def code(x, y, z):
              	t_0 = (0.25 * ((math.pow(y, -0.75) * (math.pow(z, -0.75) * x)) * (y + z))) + (math.pow(z, 0.25) * math.pow(y, 0.25))
              	tmp = 0
              	if z < 7.636950090573675e+176:
              		tmp = 2.0 * math.sqrt((((x + y) * z) + (x * y)))
              	else:
              		tmp = (t_0 * t_0) * 2.0
              	return tmp
              
              function code(x, y, z)
              	t_0 = Float64(Float64(0.25 * Float64(Float64((y ^ -0.75) * Float64((z ^ -0.75) * x)) * Float64(y + z))) + Float64((z ^ 0.25) * (y ^ 0.25)))
              	tmp = 0.0
              	if (z < 7.636950090573675e+176)
              		tmp = Float64(2.0 * sqrt(Float64(Float64(Float64(x + y) * z) + Float64(x * y))));
              	else
              		tmp = Float64(Float64(t_0 * t_0) * 2.0);
              	end
              	return tmp
              end
              
              function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
              	t_0 = (0.25 * (((y ^ -0.75) * ((z ^ -0.75) * x)) * (y + z))) + ((z ^ 0.25) * (y ^ 0.25));
              	tmp = 0.0;
              	if (z < 7.636950090573675e+176)
              		tmp = 2.0 * sqrt((((x + y) * z) + (x * y)));
              	else
              		tmp = (t_0 * t_0) * 2.0;
              	end
              	tmp_2 = tmp;
              end
              
              code[x_, y_, z_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(0.25 * N[(N[(N[Power[y, -0.75], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Power[z, -0.75], $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y + z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[z, 0.25], $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[y, 0.25], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Less[z, 7.636950090573675e+176], N[(2.0 * N[Sqrt[N[(N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision] + N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(t$95$0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]]]
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              
              \\
              \begin{array}{l}
              t_0 := 0.25 \cdot \left(\left({y}^{-0.75} \cdot \left({z}^{-0.75} \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \left(y + z\right)\right) + {z}^{0.25} \cdot {y}^{0.25}\\
              \mathbf{if}\;z < 7.636950090573675 \cdot 10^{+176}:\\
              \;\;\;\;2 \cdot \sqrt{\left(x + y\right) \cdot z + x \cdot y}\\
              
              \mathbf{else}:\\
              \;\;\;\;\left(t\_0 \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot 2\\
              
              
              \end{array}
              \end{array}
              

              Reproduce

              ?
              herbie shell --seed 2024254 
              (FPCore (x y z)
                :name "Diagrams.TwoD.Apollonian:descartes from diagrams-contrib-1.3.0.5"
                :precision binary64
              
                :alt
                (! :herbie-platform default (if (< z 763695009057367500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000) (* 2 (sqrt (+ (* (+ x y) z) (* x y)))) (* (* (+ (* 1/4 (* (* (pow y -3/4) (* (pow z -3/4) x)) (+ y z))) (* (pow z 1/4) (pow y 1/4))) (+ (* 1/4 (* (* (pow y -3/4) (* (pow z -3/4) x)) (+ y z))) (* (pow z 1/4) (pow y 1/4)))) 2)))
              
                (* 2.0 (sqrt (+ (+ (* x y) (* x z)) (* y z)))))