Kahan p13 Example 3

Percentage Accurate: 100.0% → 100.0%
Time: 7.9s
Alternatives: 13
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := 2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\\ 1 - \frac{1}{2 + t\_1 \cdot t\_1} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (- 2.0 (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ 1.0 (/ 1.0 t))))))
   (- 1.0 (/ 1.0 (+ 2.0 (* t_1 t_1))))))
double code(double t) {
	double t_1 = 2.0 - ((2.0 / t) / (1.0 + (1.0 / t)));
	return 1.0 - (1.0 / (2.0 + (t_1 * t_1)));
}
real(8) function code(t)
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8) :: t_1
    t_1 = 2.0d0 - ((2.0d0 / t) / (1.0d0 + (1.0d0 / t)))
    code = 1.0d0 - (1.0d0 / (2.0d0 + (t_1 * t_1)))
end function
public static double code(double t) {
	double t_1 = 2.0 - ((2.0 / t) / (1.0 + (1.0 / t)));
	return 1.0 - (1.0 / (2.0 + (t_1 * t_1)));
}
def code(t):
	t_1 = 2.0 - ((2.0 / t) / (1.0 + (1.0 / t)))
	return 1.0 - (1.0 / (2.0 + (t_1 * t_1)))
function code(t)
	t_1 = Float64(2.0 - Float64(Float64(2.0 / t) / Float64(1.0 + Float64(1.0 / t))))
	return Float64(1.0 - Float64(1.0 / Float64(2.0 + Float64(t_1 * t_1))))
end
function tmp = code(t)
	t_1 = 2.0 - ((2.0 / t) / (1.0 + (1.0 / t)));
	tmp = 1.0 - (1.0 / (2.0 + (t_1 * t_1)));
end
code[t_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(2.0 - N[(N[(2.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 + N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(1.0 - N[(1.0 / N[(2.0 + N[(t$95$1 * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := 2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\\
1 - \frac{1}{2 + t\_1 \cdot t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 13 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 100.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := 2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\\ 1 - \frac{1}{2 + t\_1 \cdot t\_1} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (- 2.0 (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ 1.0 (/ 1.0 t))))))
   (- 1.0 (/ 1.0 (+ 2.0 (* t_1 t_1))))))
double code(double t) {
	double t_1 = 2.0 - ((2.0 / t) / (1.0 + (1.0 / t)));
	return 1.0 - (1.0 / (2.0 + (t_1 * t_1)));
}
real(8) function code(t)
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8) :: t_1
    t_1 = 2.0d0 - ((2.0d0 / t) / (1.0d0 + (1.0d0 / t)))
    code = 1.0d0 - (1.0d0 / (2.0d0 + (t_1 * t_1)))
end function
public static double code(double t) {
	double t_1 = 2.0 - ((2.0 / t) / (1.0 + (1.0 / t)));
	return 1.0 - (1.0 / (2.0 + (t_1 * t_1)));
}
def code(t):
	t_1 = 2.0 - ((2.0 / t) / (1.0 + (1.0 / t)))
	return 1.0 - (1.0 / (2.0 + (t_1 * t_1)))
function code(t)
	t_1 = Float64(2.0 - Float64(Float64(2.0 / t) / Float64(1.0 + Float64(1.0 / t))))
	return Float64(1.0 - Float64(1.0 / Float64(2.0 + Float64(t_1 * t_1))))
end
function tmp = code(t)
	t_1 = 2.0 - ((2.0 / t) / (1.0 + (1.0 / t)));
	tmp = 1.0 - (1.0 / (2.0 + (t_1 * t_1)));
end
code[t_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(2.0 - N[(N[(2.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 + N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(1.0 - N[(1.0 / N[(2.0 + N[(t$95$1 * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := 2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\\
1 - \frac{1}{2 + t\_1 \cdot t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 100.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := 2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1}\\ 1 - \frac{1}{t\_1 \cdot t\_1 + 2} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (- 2.0 (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ (/ 1.0 t) 1.0)))))
   (- 1.0 (/ 1.0 (+ (* t_1 t_1) 2.0)))))
double code(double t) {
	double t_1 = 2.0 - ((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0));
	return 1.0 - (1.0 / ((t_1 * t_1) + 2.0));
}
real(8) function code(t)
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8) :: t_1
    t_1 = 2.0d0 - ((2.0d0 / t) / ((1.0d0 / t) + 1.0d0))
    code = 1.0d0 - (1.0d0 / ((t_1 * t_1) + 2.0d0))
end function
public static double code(double t) {
	double t_1 = 2.0 - ((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0));
	return 1.0 - (1.0 / ((t_1 * t_1) + 2.0));
}
def code(t):
	t_1 = 2.0 - ((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0))
	return 1.0 - (1.0 / ((t_1 * t_1) + 2.0))
function code(t)
	t_1 = Float64(2.0 - Float64(Float64(2.0 / t) / Float64(Float64(1.0 / t) + 1.0)))
	return Float64(1.0 - Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(t_1 * t_1) + 2.0)))
end
function tmp = code(t)
	t_1 = 2.0 - ((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0));
	tmp = 1.0 - (1.0 / ((t_1 * t_1) + 2.0));
end
code[t_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(2.0 - N[(N[(2.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(1.0 - N[(1.0 / N[(N[(t$95$1 * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] + 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := 2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1}\\
1 - \frac{1}{t\_1 \cdot t\_1 + 2}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 100.0%

    \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Final simplification100.0%

    \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{\left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1}\right) + 2} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.6% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1}\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{0.037037037037037035 + \frac{0.04938271604938271}{t}}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \frac{1}{\left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right)\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(2 - t\_1\right) + 2}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ (/ 1.0 t) 1.0))))
   (if (<= t_1 0.05)
     (-
      1.0
      (-
       0.16666666666666666
       (/
        (-
         (/ (+ 0.037037037037037035 (/ 0.04938271604938271 t)) t)
         0.2222222222222222)
        t)))
     (-
      1.0
      (/
       1.0
       (+ (* (* (* (fma t -2.0 2.0) (fma t t 1.0)) t) (- 2.0 t_1)) 2.0))))))
double code(double t) {
	double t_1 = (2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0);
	double tmp;
	if (t_1 <= 0.05) {
		tmp = 1.0 - (0.16666666666666666 - ((((0.037037037037037035 + (0.04938271604938271 / t)) / t) - 0.2222222222222222) / t));
	} else {
		tmp = 1.0 - (1.0 / ((((fma(t, -2.0, 2.0) * fma(t, t, 1.0)) * t) * (2.0 - t_1)) + 2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(t)
	t_1 = Float64(Float64(2.0 / t) / Float64(Float64(1.0 / t) + 1.0))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_1 <= 0.05)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 - Float64(0.16666666666666666 - Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(0.037037037037037035 + Float64(0.04938271604938271 / t)) / t) - 0.2222222222222222) / t)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(1.0 - Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(fma(t, -2.0, 2.0) * fma(t, t, 1.0)) * t) * Float64(2.0 - t_1)) + 2.0)));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[t_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(2.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$1, 0.05], N[(1.0 - N[(0.16666666666666666 - N[(N[(N[(N[(0.037037037037037035 + N[(0.04938271604938271 / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision] - 0.2222222222222222), $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 - N[(1.0 / N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(t * -2.0 + 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(t * t + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t), $MachinePrecision] * N[(2.0 - t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1}\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq 0.05:\\
\;\;\;\;1 - \left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{0.037037037037037035 + \frac{0.04938271604938271}{t}}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 - \frac{1}{\left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right)\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(2 - t\_1\right) + 2}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t))) < 0.050000000000000003

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{6} + \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{27} + \frac{4}{81} \cdot \frac{1}{t}}{{t}^{2}} + \frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.2%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{\left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{\frac{0.04938271604938271}{t} + 0.037037037037037035}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)} \]

    if 0.050000000000000003 < (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t)))

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

      \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(t \cdot \left(2 + t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(2 + -2 \cdot t\right) - 2\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 + t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(2 + -2 \cdot t\right) - 2\right)\right) \cdot t\right)}} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 + t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(2 + -2 \cdot t\right) - 2\right)\right) \cdot t\right)}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites99.6%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right)\right) \cdot t\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification99.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{0.037037037037037035 + \frac{0.04938271604938271}{t}}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \frac{1}{\left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right)\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1}\right) + 2}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.6% accurate, 0.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{0.037037037037037035 + \frac{0.04938271604938271}{t}}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, t, 2\right), t, -2\right), t, 2\right) \cdot t, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, t, 2\right), 2\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ (/ 1.0 t) 1.0)) 0.05)
   (-
    1.0
    (-
     0.16666666666666666
     (/
      (-
       (/ (+ 0.037037037037037035 (/ 0.04938271604938271 t)) t)
       0.2222222222222222)
      t)))
   (-
    1.0
    (/
     1.0
     (fma
      (* (fma (fma (fma -2.0 t 2.0) t -2.0) t 2.0) t)
      (* (* (fma t t 1.0) t) (fma -2.0 t 2.0))
      2.0)))))
double code(double t) {
	double tmp;
	if (((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05) {
		tmp = 1.0 - (0.16666666666666666 - ((((0.037037037037037035 + (0.04938271604938271 / t)) / t) - 0.2222222222222222) / t));
	} else {
		tmp = 1.0 - (1.0 / fma((fma(fma(fma(-2.0, t, 2.0), t, -2.0), t, 2.0) * t), ((fma(t, t, 1.0) * t) * fma(-2.0, t, 2.0)), 2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(t)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(2.0 / t) / Float64(Float64(1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 - Float64(0.16666666666666666 - Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(0.037037037037037035 + Float64(0.04938271604938271 / t)) / t) - 0.2222222222222222) / t)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(1.0 - Float64(1.0 / fma(Float64(fma(fma(fma(-2.0, t, 2.0), t, -2.0), t, 2.0) * t), Float64(Float64(fma(t, t, 1.0) * t) * fma(-2.0, t, 2.0)), 2.0)));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[t_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[(2.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.05], N[(1.0 - N[(0.16666666666666666 - N[(N[(N[(N[(0.037037037037037035 + N[(0.04938271604938271 / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision] - 0.2222222222222222), $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 - N[(1.0 / N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(-2.0 * t + 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * t + -2.0), $MachinePrecision] * t + 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * t), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(t * t + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * t), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-2.0 * t + 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\
\;\;\;\;1 - \left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{0.037037037037037035 + \frac{0.04938271604938271}{t}}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 - \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, t, 2\right), t, -2\right), t, 2\right) \cdot t, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, t, 2\right), 2\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t))) < 0.050000000000000003

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{6} + \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{27} + \frac{4}{81} \cdot \frac{1}{t}}{{t}^{2}} + \frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.2%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{\left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{\frac{0.04938271604938271}{t} + 0.037037037037037035}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)} \]

    if 0.050000000000000003 < (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t)))

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

      \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(t \cdot \left(2 + t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(2 + -2 \cdot t\right) - 2\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 + t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(2 + -2 \cdot t\right) - 2\right)\right) \cdot t\right)}} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 + t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(2 + -2 \cdot t\right) - 2\right)\right) \cdot t\right)}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites99.6%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right)\right) \cdot t\right)}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around 0

      \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \color{blue}{\left(t \cdot \left(2 + t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(2 + -2 \cdot t\right) - 2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right)\right) \cdot t\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 + t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(2 + -2 \cdot t\right) - 2\right)\right) \cdot t\right)} \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right)\right) \cdot t\right)} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 + t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(2 + -2 \cdot t\right) - 2\right)\right) \cdot t\right)} \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right)\right) \cdot t\right)} \]
    8. Applied rewrites99.6%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right), t, -2\right), t, 2\right) \cdot t\right)} \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right)\right) \cdot t\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{\color{blue}{2 + \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right), t, -2\right), t, 2\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right)\right) \cdot t\right)}} \]
      2. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right), t, -2\right), t, 2\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right)\right) \cdot t\right) + 2}} \]
      3. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right), t, -2\right), t, 2\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right)\right) \cdot t\right)} + 2} \]
      4. lower-fma.f6499.6

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right), t, -2\right), t, 2\right) \cdot t, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 2\right)\right) \cdot t, 2\right)}} \]
    10. Applied rewrites99.6%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, t, 2\right), t, -2\right), t, 2\right) \cdot t, \left(t \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, t, 2\right), 2\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification99.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{0.037037037037037035 + \frac{0.04938271604938271}{t}}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, t, 2\right), t, -2\right), t, 2\right) \cdot t, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 1\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, t, 2\right), 2\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 99.6% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{0.037037037037037035 + \frac{0.04938271604938271}{t}}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-16, t, 12\right), t, -8\right), t, 4\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot t + 2}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ (/ 1.0 t) 1.0)) 0.05)
   (-
    1.0
    (-
     0.16666666666666666
     (/
      (-
       (/ (+ 0.037037037037037035 (/ 0.04938271604938271 t)) t)
       0.2222222222222222)
      t)))
   (-
    1.0
    (/ 1.0 (+ (* (* (fma (fma (fma -16.0 t 12.0) t -8.0) t 4.0) t) t) 2.0)))))
double code(double t) {
	double tmp;
	if (((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05) {
		tmp = 1.0 - (0.16666666666666666 - ((((0.037037037037037035 + (0.04938271604938271 / t)) / t) - 0.2222222222222222) / t));
	} else {
		tmp = 1.0 - (1.0 / (((fma(fma(fma(-16.0, t, 12.0), t, -8.0), t, 4.0) * t) * t) + 2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(t)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(2.0 / t) / Float64(Float64(1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 - Float64(0.16666666666666666 - Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(0.037037037037037035 + Float64(0.04938271604938271 / t)) / t) - 0.2222222222222222) / t)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(1.0 - Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(Float64(fma(fma(fma(-16.0, t, 12.0), t, -8.0), t, 4.0) * t) * t) + 2.0)));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[t_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[(2.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.05], N[(1.0 - N[(0.16666666666666666 - N[(N[(N[(N[(0.037037037037037035 + N[(0.04938271604938271 / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision] - 0.2222222222222222), $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 - N[(1.0 / N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(-16.0 * t + 12.0), $MachinePrecision] * t + -8.0), $MachinePrecision] * t + 4.0), $MachinePrecision] * t), $MachinePrecision] * t), $MachinePrecision] + 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\
\;\;\;\;1 - \left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{0.037037037037037035 + \frac{0.04938271604938271}{t}}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 - \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-16, t, 12\right), t, -8\right), t, 4\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot t + 2}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t))) < 0.050000000000000003

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{6} + \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{27} + \frac{4}{81} \cdot \frac{1}{t}}{{t}^{2}} + \frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.2%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{\left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{\frac{0.04938271604938271}{t} + 0.037037037037037035}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)} \]

    if 0.050000000000000003 < (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t)))

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

      \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \color{blue}{{t}^{2} \cdot \left(4 + t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(12 + -16 \cdot t\right) - 8\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \color{blue}{\left(4 + t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(12 + -16 \cdot t\right) - 8\right)\right) \cdot {t}^{2}}} \]
      2. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(4 + t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(12 + -16 \cdot t\right) - 8\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(t \cdot t\right)}} \]
      3. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \color{blue}{\left(\left(4 + t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(12 + -16 \cdot t\right) - 8\right)\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot t}} \]
      4. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \color{blue}{\left(\left(4 + t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(12 + -16 \cdot t\right) - 8\right)\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot t}} \]
      5. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \color{blue}{\left(\left(4 + t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(12 + -16 \cdot t\right) - 8\right)\right) \cdot t\right)} \cdot t} \]
      6. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(\color{blue}{\left(t \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(12 + -16 \cdot t\right) - 8\right) + 4\right)} \cdot t\right) \cdot t} \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(t \cdot \left(12 + -16 \cdot t\right) - 8\right) \cdot t} + 4\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot t} \]
      8. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t \cdot \left(12 + -16 \cdot t\right) - 8, t, 4\right)} \cdot t\right) \cdot t} \]
      9. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{t \cdot \left(12 + -16 \cdot t\right) + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(8\right)\right)}, t, 4\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot t} \]
      10. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(12 + -16 \cdot t\right) \cdot t} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(8\right)\right), t, 4\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot t} \]
      11. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(12 + -16 \cdot t\right) \cdot t + \color{blue}{-8}, t, 4\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot t} \]
      12. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(12 + -16 \cdot t, t, -8\right)}, t, 4\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot t} \]
      13. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-16 \cdot t + 12}, t, -8\right), t, 4\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot t} \]
      14. lower-fma.f6499.6

        \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-16, t, 12\right)}, t, -8\right), t, 4\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot t} \]
    5. Applied rewrites99.6%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \frac{1}{2 + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-16, t, 12\right), t, -8\right), t, 4\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot t}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification99.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{0.037037037037037035 + \frac{0.04938271604938271}{t}}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-16, t, 12\right), t, -8\right), t, 4\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot t + 2}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 99.5% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{0.037037037037037035 + \frac{0.04938271604938271}{t}}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ (/ 1.0 t) 1.0)) 0.05)
   (-
    1.0
    (-
     0.16666666666666666
     (/
      (-
       (/ (+ 0.037037037037037035 (/ 0.04938271604938271 t)) t)
       0.2222222222222222)
      t)))
   (fma (fma (- t 2.0) t 1.0) (* t t) 0.5)))
double code(double t) {
	double tmp;
	if (((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05) {
		tmp = 1.0 - (0.16666666666666666 - ((((0.037037037037037035 + (0.04938271604938271 / t)) / t) - 0.2222222222222222) / t));
	} else {
		tmp = fma(fma((t - 2.0), t, 1.0), (t * t), 0.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(t)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(2.0 / t) / Float64(Float64(1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 - Float64(0.16666666666666666 - Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(0.037037037037037035 + Float64(0.04938271604938271 / t)) / t) - 0.2222222222222222) / t)));
	else
		tmp = fma(fma(Float64(t - 2.0), t, 1.0), Float64(t * t), 0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[t_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[(2.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.05], N[(1.0 - N[(0.16666666666666666 - N[(N[(N[(N[(0.037037037037037035 + N[(0.04938271604938271 / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision] - 0.2222222222222222), $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(t - 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * t + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(t * t), $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\
\;\;\;\;1 - \left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{0.037037037037037035 + \frac{0.04938271604938271}{t}}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t))) < 0.050000000000000003

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{6} + \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{27} + \frac{4}{81} \cdot \frac{1}{t}}{{t}^{2}} + \frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.2%

      \[\leadsto 1 - \color{blue}{\left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{\frac{0.04938271604938271}{t} + 0.037037037037037035}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)} \]

    if 0.050000000000000003 < (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t)))

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} + {t}^{2} \cdot \left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right)\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{t}^{2} \cdot \left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2}} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right)\right) \cdot {t}^{2}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
      3. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right), {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{t \cdot \left(t - 2\right) + 1}, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(t - 2\right) \cdot t} + 1, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      6. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right)}, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      7. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{t - 2}, t, 1\right), {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      8. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), \color{blue}{t \cdot t}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      9. lower-*.f6499.5

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), \color{blue}{t \cdot t}, 0.5\right) \]
    5. Applied rewrites99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification99.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \left(0.16666666666666666 - \frac{\frac{0.037037037037037035 + \frac{0.04938271604938271}{t}}{t} - 0.2222222222222222}{t}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 99.5% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222 - \frac{0.037037037037037035 + \frac{0.04938271604938271}{t}}{t}}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ (/ 1.0 t) 1.0)) 0.05)
   (-
    0.8333333333333334
    (/
     (-
      0.2222222222222222
      (/ (+ 0.037037037037037035 (/ 0.04938271604938271 t)) t))
     t))
   (fma (fma (- t 2.0) t 1.0) (* t t) 0.5)))
double code(double t) {
	double tmp;
	if (((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05) {
		tmp = 0.8333333333333334 - ((0.2222222222222222 - ((0.037037037037037035 + (0.04938271604938271 / t)) / t)) / t);
	} else {
		tmp = fma(fma((t - 2.0), t, 1.0), (t * t), 0.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(t)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(2.0 / t) / Float64(Float64(1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05)
		tmp = Float64(0.8333333333333334 - Float64(Float64(0.2222222222222222 - Float64(Float64(0.037037037037037035 + Float64(0.04938271604938271 / t)) / t)) / t));
	else
		tmp = fma(fma(Float64(t - 2.0), t, 1.0), Float64(t * t), 0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[t_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[(2.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.05], N[(0.8333333333333334 - N[(N[(0.2222222222222222 - N[(N[(0.037037037037037035 + N[(0.04938271604938271 / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(t - 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * t + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(t * t), $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\
\;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222 - \frac{0.037037037037037035 + \frac{0.04938271604938271}{t}}{t}}{t}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t))) < 0.050000000000000003

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{5}{6} + \left(\frac{\frac{1}{27}}{{t}^{2}} + \frac{4}{81} \cdot \frac{1}{{t}^{3}}\right)\right) - \frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222 - \frac{\frac{0.04938271604938271}{t} + 0.037037037037037035}{t}}{t}} \]

    if 0.050000000000000003 < (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t)))

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} + {t}^{2} \cdot \left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right)\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{t}^{2} \cdot \left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2}} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right)\right) \cdot {t}^{2}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
      3. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right), {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{t \cdot \left(t - 2\right) + 1}, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(t - 2\right) \cdot t} + 1, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      6. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right)}, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      7. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{t - 2}, t, 1\right), {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      8. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), \color{blue}{t \cdot t}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      9. lower-*.f6499.5

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), \color{blue}{t \cdot t}, 0.5\right) \]
    5. Applied rewrites99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification99.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222 - \frac{0.037037037037037035 + \frac{0.04938271604938271}{t}}{t}}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 99.5% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222 - \frac{0.037037037037037035}{t}}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ (/ 1.0 t) 1.0)) 0.05)
   (-
    0.8333333333333334
    (/ (- 0.2222222222222222 (/ 0.037037037037037035 t)) t))
   (fma (fma (- t 2.0) t 1.0) (* t t) 0.5)))
double code(double t) {
	double tmp;
	if (((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05) {
		tmp = 0.8333333333333334 - ((0.2222222222222222 - (0.037037037037037035 / t)) / t);
	} else {
		tmp = fma(fma((t - 2.0), t, 1.0), (t * t), 0.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(t)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(2.0 / t) / Float64(Float64(1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05)
		tmp = Float64(0.8333333333333334 - Float64(Float64(0.2222222222222222 - Float64(0.037037037037037035 / t)) / t));
	else
		tmp = fma(fma(Float64(t - 2.0), t, 1.0), Float64(t * t), 0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[t_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[(2.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.05], N[(0.8333333333333334 - N[(N[(0.2222222222222222 - N[(0.037037037037037035 / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(t - 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * t + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(t * t), $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\
\;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222 - \frac{0.037037037037037035}{t}}{t}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t))) < 0.050000000000000003

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{5}{6} + \frac{\frac{1}{27}}{{t}^{2}}\right) - \frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{27}}{{t}^{2}} + \frac{5}{6}\right)} - \frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t} \]
      2. associate--l+N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{27}}{{t}^{2}} + \left(\frac{5}{6} - \frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t}\right)} \]
      3. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{5}{6} - \frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t}\right) + \frac{\frac{1}{27}}{{t}^{2}}} \]
      4. associate--r-N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{5}{6} - \left(\frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t} - \frac{\frac{1}{27}}{{t}^{2}}\right)} \]
      5. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \left(\frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t} - \frac{\frac{1}{27}}{\color{blue}{t \cdot t}}\right) \]
      6. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \left(\frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t} - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{1}{27}}{t}}{t}}\right) \]
      7. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \left(\frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t} - \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{27} \cdot 1}}{t}}{t}\right) \]
      8. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \left(\frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t} - \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{27} \cdot \frac{1}{t}}}{t}\right) \]
      9. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{9} \cdot 1}{t}} - \frac{\frac{1}{27} \cdot \frac{1}{t}}{t}\right) \]
      10. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2}{9}}}{t} - \frac{\frac{1}{27} \cdot \frac{1}{t}}{t}\right) \]
      11. div-subN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{9} - \frac{1}{27} \cdot \frac{1}{t}}{t}} \]
      12. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{5}{6} - \frac{\frac{2}{9} - \frac{1}{27} \cdot \frac{1}{t}}{t}} \]
      13. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{9} - \frac{1}{27} \cdot \frac{1}{t}}{t}} \]
      14. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2}{9} - \frac{1}{27} \cdot \frac{1}{t}}}{t} \]
      15. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \frac{\frac{2}{9} - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{27} \cdot 1}{t}}}{t} \]
      16. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \frac{\frac{2}{9} - \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{27}}}{t}}{t} \]
      17. lower-/.f6498.7

        \[\leadsto 0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222 - \color{blue}{\frac{0.037037037037037035}{t}}}{t} \]
    5. Applied rewrites98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222 - \frac{0.037037037037037035}{t}}{t}} \]

    if 0.050000000000000003 < (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t)))

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} + {t}^{2} \cdot \left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right)\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{t}^{2} \cdot \left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2}} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right)\right) \cdot {t}^{2}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
      3. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right), {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{t \cdot \left(t - 2\right) + 1}, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(t - 2\right) \cdot t} + 1, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      6. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right)}, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      7. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{t - 2}, t, 1\right), {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      8. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), \color{blue}{t \cdot t}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      9. lower-*.f6499.5

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), \color{blue}{t \cdot t}, 0.5\right) \]
    5. Applied rewrites99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification99.1%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222 - \frac{0.037037037037037035}{t}}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 99.3% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ (/ 1.0 t) 1.0)) 0.05)
   (- 0.8333333333333334 (/ 0.2222222222222222 t))
   (fma (fma (- t 2.0) t 1.0) (* t t) 0.5)))
double code(double t) {
	double tmp;
	if (((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05) {
		tmp = 0.8333333333333334 - (0.2222222222222222 / t);
	} else {
		tmp = fma(fma((t - 2.0), t, 1.0), (t * t), 0.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(t)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(2.0 / t) / Float64(Float64(1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05)
		tmp = Float64(0.8333333333333334 - Float64(0.2222222222222222 / t));
	else
		tmp = fma(fma(Float64(t - 2.0), t, 1.0), Float64(t * t), 0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[t_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[(2.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.05], N[(0.8333333333333334 - N[(0.2222222222222222 / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(t - 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * t + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(t * t), $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\
\;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222}{t}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t))) < 0.050000000000000003

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{5}{6} - \frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{5}{6} - \frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t}} \]
      2. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{9} \cdot 1}{t}} \]
      3. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2}{9}}}{t} \]
      4. lower-/.f6498.2

        \[\leadsto 0.8333333333333334 - \color{blue}{\frac{0.2222222222222222}{t}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222}{t}} \]

    if 0.050000000000000003 < (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t)))

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} + {t}^{2} \cdot \left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right)\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{t}^{2} \cdot \left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2}} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right)\right) \cdot {t}^{2}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
      3. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 + t \cdot \left(t - 2\right), {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{t \cdot \left(t - 2\right) + 1}, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(t - 2\right) \cdot t} + 1, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      6. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right)}, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      7. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{t - 2}, t, 1\right), {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      8. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), \color{blue}{t \cdot t}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      9. lower-*.f6499.5

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), \color{blue}{t \cdot t}, 0.5\right) \]
    5. Applied rewrites99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification98.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t - 2, t, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 99.3% accurate, 1.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ (/ 1.0 t) 1.0)) 0.05)
   (- 0.8333333333333334 (/ 0.2222222222222222 t))
   (fma (fma t -2.0 1.0) (* t t) 0.5)))
double code(double t) {
	double tmp;
	if (((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05) {
		tmp = 0.8333333333333334 - (0.2222222222222222 / t);
	} else {
		tmp = fma(fma(t, -2.0, 1.0), (t * t), 0.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(t)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(2.0 / t) / Float64(Float64(1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05)
		tmp = Float64(0.8333333333333334 - Float64(0.2222222222222222 / t));
	else
		tmp = fma(fma(t, -2.0, 1.0), Float64(t * t), 0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[t_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[(2.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.05], N[(0.8333333333333334 - N[(0.2222222222222222 / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(t * -2.0 + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(t * t), $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\
\;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222}{t}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t))) < 0.050000000000000003

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{5}{6} - \frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{5}{6} - \frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t}} \]
      2. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{9} \cdot 1}{t}} \]
      3. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2}{9}}}{t} \]
      4. lower-/.f6498.2

        \[\leadsto 0.8333333333333334 - \color{blue}{\frac{0.2222222222222222}{t}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222}{t}} \]

    if 0.050000000000000003 < (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t)))

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} + {t}^{2} \cdot \left(1 + -2 \cdot t\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{t}^{2} \cdot \left(1 + -2 \cdot t\right) + \frac{1}{2}} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + -2 \cdot t\right) \cdot {t}^{2}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
      3. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 + -2 \cdot t, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-2 \cdot t + 1}, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{t \cdot -2} + 1, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      6. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 1\right)}, {t}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      7. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 1\right), \color{blue}{t \cdot t}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
      8. lower-*.f6499.5

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 1\right), \color{blue}{t \cdot t}, 0.5\right) \]
    5. Applied rewrites99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification98.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(t, -2, 1\right), t \cdot t, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 99.2% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ (/ 1.0 t) 1.0)) 0.05)
   (- 0.8333333333333334 (/ 0.2222222222222222 t))
   (fma t t 0.5)))
double code(double t) {
	double tmp;
	if (((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05) {
		tmp = 0.8333333333333334 - (0.2222222222222222 / t);
	} else {
		tmp = fma(t, t, 0.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(t)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(2.0 / t) / Float64(Float64(1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05)
		tmp = Float64(0.8333333333333334 - Float64(0.2222222222222222 / t));
	else
		tmp = fma(t, t, 0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[t_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[(2.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.05], N[(0.8333333333333334 - N[(0.2222222222222222 / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(t * t + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\
\;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222}{t}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 0.5\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t))) < 0.050000000000000003

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{5}{6} - \frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{5}{6} - \frac{2}{9} \cdot \frac{1}{t}} \]
      2. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{9} \cdot 1}{t}} \]
      3. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{5}{6} - \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2}{9}}}{t} \]
      4. lower-/.f6498.2

        \[\leadsto 0.8333333333333334 - \color{blue}{\frac{0.2222222222222222}{t}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222}{t}} \]

    if 0.050000000000000003 < (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t)))

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} + {t}^{2}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{t}^{2} + \frac{1}{2}} \]
      2. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{t \cdot t} + \frac{1}{2} \]
      3. lower-fma.f6499.4

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 0.5\right)} \]
    5. Applied rewrites99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 0.5\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification98.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334 - \frac{0.2222222222222222}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 98.7% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ (/ 1.0 t) 1.0)) 0.05)
   0.8333333333333334
   (fma t t 0.5)))
double code(double t) {
	double tmp;
	if (((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05) {
		tmp = 0.8333333333333334;
	} else {
		tmp = fma(t, t, 0.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(t)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(2.0 / t) / Float64(Float64(1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 0.05)
		tmp = 0.8333333333333334;
	else
		tmp = fma(t, t, 0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[t_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[(2.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.05], 0.8333333333333334, N[(t * t + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\
\;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 0.5\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t))) < 0.050000000000000003

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{5}{6}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites97.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.8333333333333334} \]

      if 0.050000000000000003 < (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t)))

      1. Initial program 100.0%

        \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} + {t}^{2}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{t}^{2} + \frac{1}{2}} \]
        2. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{t \cdot t} + \frac{1}{2} \]
        3. lower-fma.f6499.4

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 0.5\right)} \]
      5. Applied rewrites99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 0.5\right)} \]
    5. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    6. Final simplification98.4%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(t, t, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \]
    7. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 12: 98.5% accurate, 2.3× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 1:\\ \;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (t)
     :precision binary64
     (if (<= (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ (/ 1.0 t) 1.0)) 1.0) 0.8333333333333334 0.5))
    double code(double t) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 1.0) {
    		tmp = 0.8333333333333334;
    	} else {
    		tmp = 0.5;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    real(8) function code(t)
        real(8), intent (in) :: t
        real(8) :: tmp
        if (((2.0d0 / t) / ((1.0d0 / t) + 1.0d0)) <= 1.0d0) then
            tmp = 0.8333333333333334d0
        else
            tmp = 0.5d0
        end if
        code = tmp
    end function
    
    public static double code(double t) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 1.0) {
    		tmp = 0.8333333333333334;
    	} else {
    		tmp = 0.5;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    def code(t):
    	tmp = 0
    	if ((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 1.0:
    		tmp = 0.8333333333333334
    	else:
    		tmp = 0.5
    	return tmp
    
    function code(t)
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (Float64(Float64(2.0 / t) / Float64(Float64(1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 1.0)
    		tmp = 0.8333333333333334;
    	else
    		tmp = 0.5;
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    function tmp_2 = code(t)
    	tmp = 0.0;
    	if (((2.0 / t) / ((1.0 / t) + 1.0)) <= 1.0)
    		tmp = 0.8333333333333334;
    	else
    		tmp = 0.5;
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    code[t_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[(2.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1.0], 0.8333333333333334, 0.5]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 1:\\
    \;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;0.5\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t))) < 1

      1. Initial program 100.0%

        \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{5}{6}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites97.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.8333333333333334} \]

        if 1 < (/.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) t) (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) t)))

        1. Initial program 100.0%

          \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites99.3%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5} \]
        5. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
        6. Final simplification98.3%

          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\frac{2}{t}}{\frac{1}{t} + 1} \leq 1:\\ \;\;\;\;0.8333333333333334\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5\\ \end{array} \]
        7. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 13: 59.2% accurate, 101.0× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0.5 \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (t) :precision binary64 0.5)
        double code(double t) {
        	return 0.5;
        }
        
        real(8) function code(t)
            real(8), intent (in) :: t
            code = 0.5d0
        end function
        
        public static double code(double t) {
        	return 0.5;
        }
        
        def code(t):
        	return 0.5
        
        function code(t)
        	return 0.5
        end
        
        function tmp = code(t)
        	tmp = 0.5;
        end
        
        code[t_] := 0.5
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        0.5
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 100.0%

          \[1 - \frac{1}{2 + \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right) \cdot \left(2 - \frac{\frac{2}{t}}{1 + \frac{1}{t}}\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites57.0%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing

          Reproduce

          ?
          herbie shell --seed 2024249 
          (FPCore (t)
            :name "Kahan p13 Example 3"
            :precision binary64
            (- 1.0 (/ 1.0 (+ 2.0 (* (- 2.0 (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ 1.0 (/ 1.0 t)))) (- 2.0 (/ (/ 2.0 t) (+ 1.0 (/ 1.0 t)))))))))