ab-angle->ABCF C

Percentage Accurate: 79.7% → 79.6%
Time: 12.4s
Alternatives: 12
Speedup: 1.9×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\\ {\left(a \cdot \cos t\_0\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin t\_0\right)}^{2} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (PI) (/ angle 180.0))))
   (+ (pow (* a (cos t_0)) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin t_0)) 2.0))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\\
{\left(a \cdot \cos t\_0\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin t\_0\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 12 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 79.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\\ {\left(a \cdot \cos t\_0\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin t\_0\right)}^{2} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (PI) (/ angle 180.0))))
   (+ (pow (* a (cos t_0)) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin t_0)) 2.0))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\\
{\left(a \cdot \cos t\_0\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin t\_0\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 79.6% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2} + {\left(\cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{angle}^{-1}} \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  (pow (* (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI))) b) 2.0)
  (pow (* (cos (* (/ (PI) (pow angle -1.0)) 0.005555555555555556)) a) 2.0)))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2} + {\left(\cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{angle}^{-1}} \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 82.2%

    \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    2. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{angle}{180}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    3. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{180}{angle}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    4. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 1}{\frac{180}{angle}}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    5. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\frac{180}{angle}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    6. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\color{blue}{180 \cdot \frac{1}{angle}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    7. times-fracN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{angle}}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    8. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{angle}}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    9. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{180}} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{angle}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    10. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{angle}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    11. inv-powN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\color{blue}{{angle}^{-1}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    12. lower-pow.f6482.3

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\color{blue}{{angle}^{-1}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  4. Applied rewrites82.3%

    \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{angle}^{-1}}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  5. Final simplification82.3%

    \[\leadsto {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2} + {\left(\cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{angle}^{-1}} \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 79.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\\ {\left(\cos \left(\left(\left(t\_0 \cdot angle\right) \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (sqrt (PI))))
   (+
    (pow (* (cos (* (* (* t_0 angle) t_0) 0.005555555555555556)) a) 2.0)
    (pow (* (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI))) b) 2.0))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\\
{\left(\cos \left(\left(\left(t\_0 \cdot angle\right) \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 82.2%

    \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    2. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{angle}{180}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    3. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{180}{angle}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    4. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 1}{\frac{180}{angle}}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    5. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\frac{180}{angle}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    6. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\color{blue}{180 \cdot \frac{1}{angle}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    7. times-fracN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{angle}}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    8. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{angle}}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    9. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{180}} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{angle}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    10. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{angle}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    11. inv-powN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\color{blue}{{angle}^{-1}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    12. lower-pow.f6482.3

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\color{blue}{{angle}^{-1}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  4. Applied rewrites82.3%

    \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{angle}^{-1}}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{angle}^{-1}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    2. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{{angle}^{-1}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    3. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{angle}^{-1}} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    4. lift-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{angle}^{-1}}} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    5. unpow-1N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{angle}}} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    6. remove-double-divN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{angle} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    7. lift-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    8. add-sqr-sqrtN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    9. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(angle \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    10. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(angle \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    11. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    12. lift-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(\left(angle \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    13. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(\left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    14. lift-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(\left(angle \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    15. lower-sqrt.f6482.3

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\left(angle \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  6. Applied rewrites82.3%

    \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(angle \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  7. Final simplification82.3%

    \[\leadsto {\left(\cos \left(\left(\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 79.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ {\left(\cos \left(\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  (pow (* (cos (* (* angle (PI)) 0.005555555555555556)) a) 2.0)
  (pow (* (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI))) b) 2.0)))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
{\left(\cos \left(\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 82.2%

    \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    2. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{angle}{180}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    3. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    4. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    5. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    7. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    8. metadata-eval82.3

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.005555555555555556}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  4. Applied rewrites82.3%

    \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  5. Final simplification82.3%

    \[\leadsto {\left(\cos \left(\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 79.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left({\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot a, a, {\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (fma
  (* (pow (cos (* -0.005555555555555556 (* angle (PI)))) 2.0) a)
  a
  (pow (* (sin (* (* angle 0.005555555555555556) (PI))) b) 2.0)))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left({\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot a, a, {\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 82.2%

    \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    2. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{angle}{180}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    3. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{180}{angle}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    4. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 1}{\frac{180}{angle}}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    5. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\frac{180}{angle}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    6. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\color{blue}{180 \cdot \frac{1}{angle}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    7. times-fracN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{angle}}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    8. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{angle}}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    9. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{180}} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{angle}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    10. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{angle}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    11. inv-powN/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\color{blue}{{angle}^{-1}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    12. lower-pow.f6482.3

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\color{blue}{{angle}^{-1}}}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  4. Applied rewrites82.3%

    \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{angle}^{-1}}\right)}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  5. Applied rewrites82.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot a, a, {\left(\sin \left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
  6. Final simplification82.3%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left({\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot a, a, {\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}\right) \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 79.7% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ a \cdot a + {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (* a a) (pow (* (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI))) b) 2.0)))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
a \cdot a + {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 82.2%

    \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    2. lower-*.f6482.1

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  5. Applied rewrites82.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  6. Final simplification82.1%

    \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2} \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 63.9% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 3.5 \cdot 10^{-138}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(a \cdot a\right) \cdot {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 8.4 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left({\left(b \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 3.5e-138)
   (* (* a a) (pow (cos (* -0.005555555555555556 (* angle (PI)))) 2.0))
   (if (<= b 8.4e+126)
     (fma
      (* (* (* b b) 3.08641975308642e-5) (* (PI) (PI)))
      (* angle angle)
      (* a a))
     (* (* (* (pow (* b angle) 2.0) 3.08641975308642e-5) (PI)) (PI)))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 3.5 \cdot 10^{-138}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(a \cdot a\right) \cdot {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 8.4 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\left({\left(b \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if b < 3.4999999999999999e-138

    1. Initial program 82.7%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2}} \]
      2. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites49.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({\left(\sin \left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{1.5}, \sqrt{\sin \left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b}, {\left(\cos \left(\frac{angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-180}\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in b around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{-1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\cos \left(\frac{-1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2}} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\cos \left(\frac{-1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2}} \]
      3. lower-pow.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\cos \left(\frac{-1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}} \cdot {a}^{2} \]
      4. lower-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{-1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2} \]
      5. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto {\cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2} \]
      6. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto {\cos \left(\frac{-1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)}\right)}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2} \]
      7. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto {\cos \left(\frac{-1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)}\right)}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2} \]
      8. lower-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto {\cos \left(\frac{-1}{180} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2} \]
      9. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto {\cos \left(\frac{-1}{180} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot a\right)} \]
      10. lower-*.f6463.6

        \[\leadsto {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot a\right)} \]
    7. Applied rewrites63.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)} \]

    if 3.4999999999999999e-138 < b < 8.3999999999999997e126

    1. Initial program 74.2%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]
      2. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]
    5. Applied rewrites25.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}, b \cdot b, -3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in b around inf

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {b}^{2}\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right) \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites69.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right) \]

      if 8.3999999999999997e126 < b

      1. Initial program 92.7%

        \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]
        2. lower-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]
      5. Applied rewrites29.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}, b \cdot b, -3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in b around inf

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites52.0%

          \[\leadsto \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites73.7%

            \[\leadsto \left(\left({\left(b \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \]
        3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
        4. Final simplification66.3%

          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 3.5 \cdot 10^{-138}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(a \cdot a\right) \cdot {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 8.4 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left({\left(b \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \end{array} \]
        5. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 7: 64.1% accurate, 3.3× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{-138}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 8.4 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left({\left(b \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (a b angle)
         :precision binary64
         (if (<= b 4.5e-138)
           (* a a)
           (if (<= b 8.4e+126)
             (fma
              (* (* (* b b) 3.08641975308642e-5) (* (PI) (PI)))
              (* angle angle)
              (* a a))
             (* (* (* (pow (* b angle) 2.0) 3.08641975308642e-5) (PI)) (PI)))))
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{-138}:\\
        \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\
        
        \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 8.4 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\left(\left({\left(b \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Split input into 3 regimes
        2. if b < 4.50000000000000008e-138

          1. Initial program 82.7%

            \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]
            2. lower-*.f6463.3

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]
          5. Applied rewrites63.3%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

          if 4.50000000000000008e-138 < b < 8.3999999999999997e126

          1. Initial program 74.2%

            \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]
            2. lower-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]
          5. Applied rewrites25.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}, b \cdot b, -3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in b around inf

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {b}^{2}\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right) \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites69.6%

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right) \]

            if 8.3999999999999997e126 < b

            1. Initial program 92.7%

              \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]
              2. lower-fma.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]
            5. Applied rewrites29.2%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}, b \cdot b, -3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]
            6. Taylor expanded in b around inf

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
            7. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites52.0%

                \[\leadsto \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
              2. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites73.7%

                  \[\leadsto \left(\left({\left(b \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \]
              3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
              4. Final simplification66.2%

                \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{-138}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 8.4 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left({\left(b \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \end{array} \]
              5. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 8: 64.1% accurate, 3.5× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{-138}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 8.4 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;{\left(\left(b \cdot angle\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
              (FPCore (a b angle)
               :precision binary64
               (if (<= b 4.5e-138)
                 (* a a)
                 (if (<= b 8.4e+126)
                   (fma
                    (* (* (* b b) 3.08641975308642e-5) (* (PI) (PI)))
                    (* angle angle)
                    (* a a))
                   (* (pow (* (* b angle) (PI)) 2.0) 3.08641975308642e-5))))
              \begin{array}{l}
              
              \\
              \begin{array}{l}
              \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{-138}:\\
              \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\
              
              \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 8.4 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\
              \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)\\
              
              \mathbf{else}:\\
              \;\;\;\;{\left(\left(b \cdot angle\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\\
              
              
              \end{array}
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Split input into 3 regimes
              2. if b < 4.50000000000000008e-138

                1. Initial program 82.7%

                  \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. unpow2N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]
                  2. lower-*.f6463.3

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]
                5. Applied rewrites63.3%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

                if 4.50000000000000008e-138 < b < 8.3999999999999997e126

                1. Initial program 74.2%

                  \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. *-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]
                  2. lower-fma.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]
                5. Applied rewrites25.9%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}, b \cdot b, -3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]
                6. Taylor expanded in b around inf

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {b}^{2}\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right) \]
                7. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites69.6%

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right) \]

                  if 8.3999999999999997e126 < b

                  1. Initial program 92.7%

                    \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. *-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]
                    2. lower-fma.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]
                  5. Applied rewrites29.2%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}, b \cdot b, -3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]
                  6. Taylor expanded in b around inf

                    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
                  7. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites52.0%

                      \[\leadsto \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
                    2. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites73.5%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}} \]
                    3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                    4. Final simplification66.1%

                      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{-138}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 8.4 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;{\left(\left(b \cdot angle\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\\ \end{array} \]
                    5. Add Preprocessing

                    Alternative 9: 63.8% accurate, 9.1× speedup?

                    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{-138}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 8.4 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot t\_0, angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left(\left(b \cdot angle\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                    (FPCore (a b angle)
                     :precision binary64
                     (let* ((t_0 (* (PI) (PI))))
                       (if (<= b 4.5e-138)
                         (* a a)
                         (if (<= b 8.4e+126)
                           (fma (* (* (* b b) 3.08641975308642e-5) t_0) (* angle angle) (* a a))
                           (* (* (* (* (* b angle) angle) b) 3.08641975308642e-5) t_0)))))
                    \begin{array}{l}
                    
                    \\
                    \begin{array}{l}
                    t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\
                    \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{-138}:\\
                    \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\
                    
                    \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 8.4 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\
                    \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot t\_0, angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)\\
                    
                    \mathbf{else}:\\
                    \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left(\left(b \cdot angle\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot t\_0\\
                    
                    
                    \end{array}
                    \end{array}
                    
                    Derivation
                    1. Split input into 3 regimes
                    2. if b < 4.50000000000000008e-138

                      1. Initial program 82.7%

                        \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
                      2. Add Preprocessing
                      3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
                      4. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. unpow2N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]
                        2. lower-*.f6463.3

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]
                      5. Applied rewrites63.3%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

                      if 4.50000000000000008e-138 < b < 8.3999999999999997e126

                      1. Initial program 74.2%

                        \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
                      2. Add Preprocessing
                      3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
                      4. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. *-commutativeN/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]
                        2. lower-fma.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]
                      5. Applied rewrites25.9%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}, b \cdot b, -3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]
                      6. Taylor expanded in b around inf

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {b}^{2}\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right) \]
                      7. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Applied rewrites69.6%

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right) \]

                        if 8.3999999999999997e126 < b

                        1. Initial program 92.7%

                          \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
                        2. Add Preprocessing
                        3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. *-commutativeN/A

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]
                          2. lower-fma.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]
                        5. Applied rewrites29.2%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}, b \cdot b, -3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]
                        6. Taylor expanded in b around inf

                          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
                        7. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. Applied rewrites52.0%

                            \[\leadsto \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
                          2. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. Applied rewrites68.2%

                              \[\leadsto \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(b \cdot angle\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \]
                          3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                          4. Final simplification65.4%

                            \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{-138}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 8.4 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left(\left(b \cdot angle\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
                          5. Add Preprocessing

                          Alternative 10: 62.8% accurate, 12.1× speedup?

                          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 7.4 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left(\left(b \cdot angle\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                          (FPCore (a b angle)
                           :precision binary64
                           (if (<= b 7.4e+126)
                             (* a a)
                             (* (* (* (* (* b angle) angle) b) 3.08641975308642e-5) (* (PI) (PI)))))
                          \begin{array}{l}
                          
                          \\
                          \begin{array}{l}
                          \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 7.4 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\
                          \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\
                          
                          \mathbf{else}:\\
                          \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left(\left(b \cdot angle\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\\
                          
                          
                          \end{array}
                          \end{array}
                          
                          Derivation
                          1. Split input into 2 regimes
                          2. if b < 7.3999999999999996e126

                            1. Initial program 80.5%

                              \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
                            2. Add Preprocessing
                            3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. unpow2N/A

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]
                              2. lower-*.f6463.3

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]
                            5. Applied rewrites63.3%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

                            if 7.3999999999999996e126 < b

                            1. Initial program 92.7%

                              \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
                            2. Add Preprocessing
                            3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. *-commutativeN/A

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]
                              2. lower-fma.f64N/A

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]
                            5. Applied rewrites29.2%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}, b \cdot b, -3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]
                            6. Taylor expanded in b around inf

                              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
                            7. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. Applied rewrites52.0%

                                \[\leadsto \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
                              2. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. Applied rewrites68.2%

                                  \[\leadsto \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(b \cdot angle\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \]
                              3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                              4. Final simplification64.0%

                                \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 7.4 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left(\left(b \cdot angle\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
                              5. Add Preprocessing

                              Alternative 11: 61.6% accurate, 12.1× speedup?

                              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.45 \cdot 10^{+128}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left(\left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                              (FPCore (a b angle)
                               :precision binary64
                               (if (<= b 2.45e+128)
                                 (* a a)
                                 (* (* (* (* (* angle angle) b) b) 3.08641975308642e-5) (* (PI) (PI)))))
                              \begin{array}{l}
                              
                              \\
                              \begin{array}{l}
                              \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.45 \cdot 10^{+128}:\\
                              \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\
                              
                              \mathbf{else}:\\
                              \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left(\left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\\
                              
                              
                              \end{array}
                              \end{array}
                              
                              Derivation
                              1. Split input into 2 regimes
                              2. if b < 2.45000000000000009e128

                                1. Initial program 80.6%

                                  \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
                                2. Add Preprocessing
                                3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
                                4. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. unpow2N/A

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]
                                  2. lower-*.f6463.0

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]
                                5. Applied rewrites63.0%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

                                if 2.45000000000000009e128 < b

                                1. Initial program 92.5%

                                  \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
                                2. Add Preprocessing
                                3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
                                4. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. *-commutativeN/A

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]
                                  2. lower-fma.f64N/A

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]
                                5. Applied rewrites29.9%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}, b \cdot b, -3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]
                                6. Taylor expanded in b around inf

                                  \[\leadsto \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
                                7. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. Applied rewrites53.3%

                                    \[\leadsto \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
                                8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                                9. Final simplification61.7%

                                  \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.45 \cdot 10^{+128}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left(\left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
                                10. Add Preprocessing

                                Alternative 12: 56.9% accurate, 74.7× speedup?

                                \[\begin{array}{l} \\ a \cdot a \end{array} \]
                                (FPCore (a b angle) :precision binary64 (* a a))
                                double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
                                	return a * a;
                                }
                                
                                real(8) function code(a, b, angle)
                                    real(8), intent (in) :: a
                                    real(8), intent (in) :: b
                                    real(8), intent (in) :: angle
                                    code = a * a
                                end function
                                
                                public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
                                	return a * a;
                                }
                                
                                def code(a, b, angle):
                                	return a * a
                                
                                function code(a, b, angle)
                                	return Float64(a * a)
                                end
                                
                                function tmp = code(a, b, angle)
                                	tmp = a * a;
                                end
                                
                                code[a_, b_, angle_] := N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]
                                
                                \begin{array}{l}
                                
                                \\
                                a \cdot a
                                \end{array}
                                
                                Derivation
                                1. Initial program 82.2%

                                  \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
                                2. Add Preprocessing
                                3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
                                4. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. unpow2N/A

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]
                                  2. lower-*.f6459.4

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]
                                5. Applied rewrites59.4%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]
                                6. Add Preprocessing

                                Reproduce

                                ?
                                herbie shell --seed 2024249 
                                (FPCore (a b angle)
                                  :name "ab-angle->ABCF C"
                                  :precision binary64
                                  (+ (pow (* a (cos (* (PI) (/ angle 180.0)))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* (PI) (/ angle 180.0)))) 2.0)))