Beckmann Distribution sample, tan2theta, alphax == alphay

Percentage Accurate: 56.2% → 89.5%
Time: 7.3s
Alternatives: 6
Speedup: 10.5×

Specification

?
\[\left(0.0001 \leq \alpha \land \alpha \leq 1\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq u0 \land u0 \leq 1\right)\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alpha u0)
 :precision binary32
 (* (* (- alpha) alpha) (log (- 1.0 u0))))
float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	return (-alpha * alpha) * logf((1.0f - u0));
}
real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    code = (-alpha * alpha) * log((1.0e0 - u0))
end function
function code(alpha, u0)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(-alpha) * alpha) * log(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0)))
end
function tmp = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = (-alpha * alpha) * log((single(1.0) - u0));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 6 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 56.2% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alpha u0)
 :precision binary32
 (* (* (- alpha) alpha) (log (- 1.0 u0))))
float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	return (-alpha * alpha) * logf((1.0f - u0));
}
real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    code = (-alpha * alpha) * log((1.0e0 - u0))
end function
function code(alpha, u0)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(-alpha) * alpha) * log(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0)))
end
function tmp = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = (-alpha * alpha) * log((single(1.0) - u0));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 89.5% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;1 - u0 \leq 0.999875009059906:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(1 - u0\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{{\alpha}^{-2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-1}{\alpha} \cdot \left(\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right) \cdot \alpha\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alpha u0)
 :precision binary32
 (if (<= (- 1.0 u0) 0.999875009059906)
   (* (log (- 1.0 u0)) (/ -1.0 (pow alpha -2.0)))
   (* (/ -1.0 alpha) (* (* (* alpha alpha) (- u0)) alpha))))
float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	float tmp;
	if ((1.0f - u0) <= 0.999875009059906f) {
		tmp = logf((1.0f - u0)) * (-1.0f / powf(alpha, -2.0f));
	} else {
		tmp = (-1.0f / alpha) * (((alpha * alpha) * -u0) * alpha);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    real(4) :: tmp
    if ((1.0e0 - u0) <= 0.999875009059906e0) then
        tmp = log((1.0e0 - u0)) * ((-1.0e0) / (alpha ** (-2.0e0)))
    else
        tmp = ((-1.0e0) / alpha) * (((alpha * alpha) * -u0) * alpha)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
function code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0) <= Float32(0.999875009059906))
		tmp = Float32(log(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0)) * Float32(Float32(-1.0) / (alpha ^ Float32(-2.0))));
	else
		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) / alpha) * Float32(Float32(Float32(alpha * alpha) * Float32(-u0)) * alpha));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = single(0.0);
	if ((single(1.0) - u0) <= single(0.999875009059906))
		tmp = log((single(1.0) - u0)) * (single(-1.0) / (alpha ^ single(-2.0)));
	else
		tmp = (single(-1.0) / alpha) * (((alpha * alpha) * -u0) * alpha);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;1 - u0 \leq 0.999875009059906:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(1 - u0\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{{\alpha}^{-2}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-1}{\alpha} \cdot \left(\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right) \cdot \alpha\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (-.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) u0) < 0.999875009

    1. Initial program 87.4%

      \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-lft-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0 + \left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      2. flip-+N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0 \cdot 0 - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}{0 - \left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      3. neg-sub0N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{0 \cdot 0 - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      4. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{0 \cdot 0 - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      5. lift-neg.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{0 \cdot 0 - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha\right)\right)} \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      6. distribute-lft-neg-outN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{0 \cdot 0 - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)}\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      7. remove-double-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{0 \cdot 0 - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}{\color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      8. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0 \cdot 0 - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}{\alpha \cdot \alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      9. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0} - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}{\alpha \cdot \alpha} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      10. lower--.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0 - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}}{\alpha \cdot \alpha} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      11. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{0 - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}}{\alpha \cdot \alpha} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      12. lower-*.f3287.4

        \[\leadsto \frac{0 - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}{\color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    4. Applied rewrites87.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0 - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}{\alpha \cdot \alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0 - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}{\alpha \cdot \alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      2. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\alpha \cdot \alpha}{0 - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      3. frac-2negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\alpha \cdot \alpha}{0 - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}\right)}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      4. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\alpha \cdot \alpha}{0 - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      5. lift--.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\alpha \cdot \alpha}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}}\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      6. sub0-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\alpha \cdot \alpha}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)\right)}}\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      7. distribute-frac-neg2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\alpha \cdot \alpha}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}\right)\right)}\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      8. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \alpha}}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      9. pow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{{\alpha}^{2}}}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      10. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{{\alpha}^{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      11. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{{\alpha}^{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      12. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{{\alpha}^{2}}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)}}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      13. swap-sqrN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{{\alpha}^{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(-\alpha\right)\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      14. lift-neg.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{{\alpha}^{2}}{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-\alpha\right)\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      15. lift-neg.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{{\alpha}^{2}}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      16. sqr-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{{\alpha}^{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      17. pow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{{\alpha}^{2}}{\color{blue}{{\alpha}^{2}} \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      18. pow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{{\alpha}^{2}}{{\alpha}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{{\alpha}^{2}}}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      19. pow-sqrN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{{\alpha}^{2}}{\color{blue}{{\alpha}^{\left(2 \cdot 2\right)}}}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      20. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{{\alpha}^{2}}{{\alpha}^{\color{blue}{4}}}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    6. Applied rewrites87.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{{\alpha}^{-2}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]

    if 0.999875009 < (-.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) u0)

    1. Initial program 35.1%

      \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      2. lift-neg.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha\right)\right)} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      3. neg-sub0N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(0 - \alpha\right)} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      4. flip--N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{0 \cdot 0 - \alpha \cdot \alpha}{0 + \alpha}} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      5. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0} - \alpha \cdot \alpha}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      6. neg-sub0N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      7. distribute-lft-neg-outN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha\right)\right) \cdot \alpha}}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      8. lift-neg.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right)} \cdot \alpha}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      9. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      10. +-lft-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\color{blue}{\alpha}} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      11. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      12. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      13. lower-*.f3235.1

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}}{\alpha} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    4. Applied rewrites35.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    5. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot u0\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(u0\right)\right)} \]
      2. lower-neg.f3291.2

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-u0\right)} \]
    7. Applied rewrites91.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-u0\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \left(-u0\right)} \]
      2. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \left(-u0\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      4. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
      5. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
      6. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
      7. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
      8. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)}}{\alpha} \]
      9. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      10. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      11. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      12. lower-*.f3291.2

        \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}}{\alpha} \]
    9. Applied rewrites91.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      2. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      3. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      4. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
      5. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
      6. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
      7. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
      8. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
      9. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
      10. lower-/.f3291.3

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
    11. Applied rewrites91.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification89.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;1 - u0 \leq 0.999875009059906:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(1 - u0\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{{\alpha}^{-2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-1}{\alpha} \cdot \left(\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right) \cdot \alpha\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 89.5% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;1 - u0 \leq 0.999875009059906:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{-1}{\alpha \cdot \alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-1}{\alpha} \cdot \left(\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right) \cdot \alpha\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alpha u0)
 :precision binary32
 (if (<= (- 1.0 u0) 0.999875009059906)
   (* (/ 1.0 (/ -1.0 (* alpha alpha))) (log (- 1.0 u0)))
   (* (/ -1.0 alpha) (* (* (* alpha alpha) (- u0)) alpha))))
float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	float tmp;
	if ((1.0f - u0) <= 0.999875009059906f) {
		tmp = (1.0f / (-1.0f / (alpha * alpha))) * logf((1.0f - u0));
	} else {
		tmp = (-1.0f / alpha) * (((alpha * alpha) * -u0) * alpha);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    real(4) :: tmp
    if ((1.0e0 - u0) <= 0.999875009059906e0) then
        tmp = (1.0e0 / ((-1.0e0) / (alpha * alpha))) * log((1.0e0 - u0))
    else
        tmp = ((-1.0e0) / alpha) * (((alpha * alpha) * -u0) * alpha)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
function code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0) <= Float32(0.999875009059906))
		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(-1.0) / Float32(alpha * alpha))) * log(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0)));
	else
		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) / alpha) * Float32(Float32(Float32(alpha * alpha) * Float32(-u0)) * alpha));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = single(0.0);
	if ((single(1.0) - u0) <= single(0.999875009059906))
		tmp = (single(1.0) / (single(-1.0) / (alpha * alpha))) * log((single(1.0) - u0));
	else
		tmp = (single(-1.0) / alpha) * (((alpha * alpha) * -u0) * alpha);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;1 - u0 \leq 0.999875009059906:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{-1}{\alpha \cdot \alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-1}{\alpha} \cdot \left(\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right) \cdot \alpha\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (-.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) u0) < 0.999875009

    1. Initial program 87.4%

      \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      2. lift-neg.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha\right)\right)} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      3. distribute-lft-neg-outN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      4. neg-sub0N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0 - \alpha \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      5. flip3--N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{0}^{3} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}{0 \cdot 0 + \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) + 0 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      6. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{0 \cdot 0 + \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) + 0 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)}{{0}^{3} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      7. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{0 \cdot 0 + \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) + 0 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)}{{0}^{3} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      8. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{0} + \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) + 0 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)}{{0}^{3} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      9. +-lft-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) + 0 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}}{{0}^{3} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      10. mul0-lftN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) + \color{blue}{0}}{{0}^{3} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      11. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(0\right)\right)}}{{0}^{3} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      12. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) - 0}}{{0}^{3} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      13. --rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}}{{0}^{3} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      14. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}{{0}^{3} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      15. pow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{{\alpha}^{2}} \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}{{0}^{3} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      16. pow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{{\alpha}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{{\alpha}^{2}}}{{0}^{3} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      17. pow-prod-upN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{{\alpha}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}}{{0}^{3} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      18. lower-pow.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{{\alpha}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}}{{0}^{3} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      19. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{{\alpha}^{\color{blue}{4}}}{{0}^{3} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      20. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{{\alpha}^{4}}{\color{blue}{0} - {\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      21. sub0-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{{\alpha}^{4}}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left({\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}^{3}\right)}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    4. Applied rewrites87.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{{\alpha}^{4}}{-{\alpha}^{6}}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    5. Taylor expanded in alpha around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{{\alpha}^{2}}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{{\alpha}^{2}}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      2. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{-1}{\color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \alpha}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      3. lower-*.f3287.4

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{-1}{\color{blue}{\alpha \cdot \alpha}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    7. Applied rewrites87.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{\alpha \cdot \alpha}}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]

    if 0.999875009 < (-.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) u0)

    1. Initial program 35.1%

      \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      2. lift-neg.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha\right)\right)} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      3. neg-sub0N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(0 - \alpha\right)} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      4. flip--N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{0 \cdot 0 - \alpha \cdot \alpha}{0 + \alpha}} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      5. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0} - \alpha \cdot \alpha}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      6. neg-sub0N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      7. distribute-lft-neg-outN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha\right)\right) \cdot \alpha}}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      8. lift-neg.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right)} \cdot \alpha}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      9. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      10. +-lft-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\color{blue}{\alpha}} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      11. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      12. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      13. lower-*.f3235.1

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}}{\alpha} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    4. Applied rewrites35.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    5. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot u0\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(u0\right)\right)} \]
      2. lower-neg.f3291.2

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-u0\right)} \]
    7. Applied rewrites91.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-u0\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \left(-u0\right)} \]
      2. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \left(-u0\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      4. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
      5. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
      6. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
      7. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
      8. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)}}{\alpha} \]
      9. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      10. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      11. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      12. lower-*.f3291.2

        \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}}{\alpha} \]
    9. Applied rewrites91.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      2. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      3. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      4. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
      5. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
      6. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
      7. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
      8. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
      9. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
      10. lower-/.f3291.3

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
    11. Applied rewrites91.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification89.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;1 - u0 \leq 0.999875009059906:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{-1}{\alpha \cdot \alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-1}{\alpha} \cdot \left(\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right) \cdot \alpha\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 89.5% accurate, 0.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;1 - u0 \leq 0.999875009059906:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-1}{\alpha} \cdot \left(\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right) \cdot \alpha\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alpha u0)
 :precision binary32
 (if (<= (- 1.0 u0) 0.999875009059906)
   (* (* (- alpha) alpha) (log (- 1.0 u0)))
   (* (/ -1.0 alpha) (* (* (* alpha alpha) (- u0)) alpha))))
float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	float tmp;
	if ((1.0f - u0) <= 0.999875009059906f) {
		tmp = (-alpha * alpha) * logf((1.0f - u0));
	} else {
		tmp = (-1.0f / alpha) * (((alpha * alpha) * -u0) * alpha);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    real(4) :: tmp
    if ((1.0e0 - u0) <= 0.999875009059906e0) then
        tmp = (-alpha * alpha) * log((1.0e0 - u0))
    else
        tmp = ((-1.0e0) / alpha) * (((alpha * alpha) * -u0) * alpha)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
function code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0) <= Float32(0.999875009059906))
		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(-alpha) * alpha) * log(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0)));
	else
		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) / alpha) * Float32(Float32(Float32(alpha * alpha) * Float32(-u0)) * alpha));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = single(0.0);
	if ((single(1.0) - u0) <= single(0.999875009059906))
		tmp = (-alpha * alpha) * log((single(1.0) - u0));
	else
		tmp = (single(-1.0) / alpha) * (((alpha * alpha) * -u0) * alpha);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;1 - u0 \leq 0.999875009059906:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-1}{\alpha} \cdot \left(\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right) \cdot \alpha\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (-.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) u0) < 0.999875009

    1. Initial program 87.4%

      \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing

    if 0.999875009 < (-.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) u0)

    1. Initial program 35.1%

      \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      2. lift-neg.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha\right)\right)} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      3. neg-sub0N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(0 - \alpha\right)} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      4. flip--N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{0 \cdot 0 - \alpha \cdot \alpha}{0 + \alpha}} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      5. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0} - \alpha \cdot \alpha}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      6. neg-sub0N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      7. distribute-lft-neg-outN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha\right)\right) \cdot \alpha}}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      8. lift-neg.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right)} \cdot \alpha}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      9. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      10. +-lft-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\color{blue}{\alpha}} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      11. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      12. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
      13. lower-*.f3235.1

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}}{\alpha} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    4. Applied rewrites35.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    5. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot u0\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(u0\right)\right)} \]
      2. lower-neg.f3291.2

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-u0\right)} \]
    7. Applied rewrites91.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-u0\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \left(-u0\right)} \]
      2. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \left(-u0\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      4. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
      5. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
      6. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
      7. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
      8. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)}}{\alpha} \]
      9. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      10. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      11. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      12. lower-*.f3291.2

        \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}}{\alpha} \]
    9. Applied rewrites91.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      2. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      3. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)}{\alpha}} \]
      4. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
      5. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
      6. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
      7. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
      8. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
      9. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
      10. lower-/.f3291.3

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
    11. Applied rewrites91.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification89.6%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;1 - u0 \leq 0.999875009059906:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-1}{\alpha} \cdot \left(\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right) \cdot \alpha\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 74.3% accurate, 3.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-1}{\alpha} \cdot \left(\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alpha u0)
 :precision binary32
 (* (/ -1.0 alpha) (* (* (* alpha alpha) (- u0)) alpha)))
float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	return (-1.0f / alpha) * (((alpha * alpha) * -u0) * alpha);
}
real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    code = ((-1.0e0) / alpha) * (((alpha * alpha) * -u0) * alpha)
end function
function code(alpha, u0)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) / alpha) * Float32(Float32(Float32(alpha * alpha) * Float32(-u0)) * alpha))
end
function tmp = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = (single(-1.0) / alpha) * (((alpha * alpha) * -u0) * alpha);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-1}{\alpha} \cdot \left(\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right) \cdot \alpha\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 57.4%

    \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    2. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha\right)\right)} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    3. neg-sub0N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(0 - \alpha\right)} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    4. flip--N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{0 \cdot 0 - \alpha \cdot \alpha}{0 + \alpha}} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    5. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0} - \alpha \cdot \alpha}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    6. neg-sub0N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    7. distribute-lft-neg-outN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\alpha\right)\right) \cdot \alpha}}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    8. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right)} \cdot \alpha}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    9. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}}{0 + \alpha} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    10. +-lft-identityN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\color{blue}{\alpha}} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    11. associate-*l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    12. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    13. lower-*.f3257.3

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}}{\alpha} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
  4. Applied rewrites57.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
  5. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot u0\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(u0\right)\right)} \]
    2. lower-neg.f3272.9

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-u0\right)} \]
  7. Applied rewrites72.9%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-u0\right)} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha} \cdot \left(-u0\right)} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha}{\alpha}} \cdot \left(-u0\right) \]
    3. associate-*l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
    4. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
    5. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right)} \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
    6. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
    7. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)}\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha} \]
    8. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)}}{\alpha} \]
    9. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
    10. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
    11. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
    12. lower-*.f3272.9

      \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}}{\alpha} \]
  9. Applied rewrites72.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)}{\alpha}} \]
    3. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)}{\alpha}} \]
    4. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
    5. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
    6. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
    7. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
    9. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha} \]
    10. lower-/.f3273.0

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
  11. Applied rewrites73.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \left(\left(-u0\right) \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\alpha}} \]
  12. Final simplification73.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\alpha} \cdot \left(\left(\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \left(-u0\right)\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \]
  13. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 74.4% accurate, 10.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \cdot \alpha \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alpha u0) :precision binary32 (* (* alpha u0) alpha))
float code(float alpha, float u0) {
	return (alpha * u0) * alpha;
}
real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    code = (alpha * u0) * alpha
end function
function code(alpha, u0)
	return Float32(Float32(alpha * u0) * alpha)
end
function tmp = code(alpha, u0)
	tmp = (alpha * u0) * alpha;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \cdot \alpha
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 57.4%

    \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\alpha}^{2} \cdot u0} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{u0 \cdot {\alpha}^{2}} \]
    2. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{u0 \cdot {\alpha}^{2}} \]
    3. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto u0 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)} \]
    4. lower-*.f3273.0

      \[\leadsto u0 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)} \]
  5. Applied rewrites73.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{u0 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Applied rewrites73.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(u0 \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\alpha} \]
    2. Final simplification73.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\alpha \cdot u0\right) \cdot \alpha \]
    3. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 6: 74.4% accurate, 10.5× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot u0 \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (alpha u0) :precision binary32 (* (* alpha alpha) u0))
    float code(float alpha, float u0) {
    	return (alpha * alpha) * u0;
    }
    
    real(4) function code(alpha, u0)
        real(4), intent (in) :: alpha
        real(4), intent (in) :: u0
        code = (alpha * alpha) * u0
    end function
    
    function code(alpha, u0)
    	return Float32(Float32(alpha * alpha) * u0)
    end
    
    function tmp = code(alpha, u0)
    	tmp = (alpha * alpha) * u0;
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot u0
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 57.4%

      \[\left(\left(-\alpha\right) \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - u0\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\alpha}^{2} \cdot u0} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{u0 \cdot {\alpha}^{2}} \]
      2. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{u0 \cdot {\alpha}^{2}} \]
      3. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto u0 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)} \]
      4. lower-*.f3273.0

        \[\leadsto u0 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)} \]
    5. Applied rewrites73.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{u0 \cdot \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right)} \]
    6. Final simplification73.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\alpha \cdot \alpha\right) \cdot u0 \]
    7. Add Preprocessing

    Reproduce

    ?
    herbie shell --seed 2024249 
    (FPCore (alpha u0)
      :name "Beckmann Distribution sample, tan2theta, alphax == alphay"
      :precision binary32
      :pre (and (and (<= 0.0001 alpha) (<= alpha 1.0)) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u0) (<= u0 1.0)))
      (* (* (- alpha) alpha) (log (- 1.0 u0))))