tan-example (used to crash)

Percentage Accurate: 79.3% → 99.7%
Time: 32.0s
Alternatives: 9
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\left(\left(\left(x = 0 \lor 0.5884142 \leq x \land x \leq 505.5909\right) \land \left(-1.796658 \cdot 10^{+308} \leq y \land y \leq -9.425585 \cdot 10^{-310} \lor 1.284938 \cdot 10^{-309} \leq y \land y \leq 1.751224 \cdot 10^{+308}\right)\right) \land \left(-1.776707 \cdot 10^{+308} \leq z \land z \leq -8.599796 \cdot 10^{-310} \lor 3.293145 \cdot 10^{-311} \leq z \land z \leq 1.725154 \cdot 10^{+308}\right)\right) \land \left(-1.796658 \cdot 10^{+308} \leq a \land a \leq -9.425585 \cdot 10^{-310} \lor 1.284938 \cdot 10^{-309} \leq a \land a \leq 1.751224 \cdot 10^{+308}\right)\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z a) :precision binary64 (+ x (- (tan (+ y z)) (tan a))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
	return x + (tan((y + z)) - tan(a));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = x + (tan((y + z)) - tan(a))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
	return x + (Math.tan((y + z)) - Math.tan(a));
}
def code(x, y, z, a):
	return x + (math.tan((y + z)) - math.tan(a))
function code(x, y, z, a)
	return Float64(x + Float64(tan(Float64(y + z)) - tan(a)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, a)
	tmp = x + (tan((y + z)) - tan(a));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, a_] := N[(x + N[(N[Tan[N[(y + z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Tan[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 9 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 79.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z a) :precision binary64 (+ x (- (tan (+ y z)) (tan a))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
	return x + (tan((y + z)) - tan(a));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = x + (tan((y + z)) - tan(a))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
	return x + (Math.tan((y + z)) - Math.tan(a));
}
def code(x, y, z, a):
	return x + (math.tan((y + z)) - math.tan(a))
function code(x, y, z, a)
	return Float64(x + Float64(tan(Float64(y + z)) - tan(a)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, a)
	tmp = x + (tan((y + z)) - tan(a));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, a_] := N[(x + N[(N[Tan[N[(y + z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Tan[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.7% accurate, 0.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan y, \tan z, -1\right), \sin a, \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) \cdot \cos a\right), \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \cos a}, x\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z a)
 :precision binary64
 (fma
  (fma (fma (tan y) (tan z) -1.0) (sin a) (* (+ (tan z) (tan y)) (cos a)))
  (/ 1.0 (* (fma (- (tan z)) (tan y) 1.0) (cos a)))
  x))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
	return fma(fma(fma(tan(y), tan(z), -1.0), sin(a), ((tan(z) + tan(y)) * cos(a))), (1.0 / (fma(-tan(z), tan(y), 1.0) * cos(a))), x);
}
function code(x, y, z, a)
	return fma(fma(fma(tan(y), tan(z), -1.0), sin(a), Float64(Float64(tan(z) + tan(y)) * cos(a))), Float64(1.0 / Float64(fma(Float64(-tan(z)), tan(y), 1.0) * cos(a))), x)
end
code[x_, y_, z_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision] * N[Tan[z], $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[a], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Tan[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[((-N[Tan[z], $MachinePrecision]) * N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan y, \tan z, -1\right), \sin a, \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) \cdot \cos a\right), \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \cos a}, x\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 82.1%

    \[x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
    2. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) + x} \]
    3. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} + x \]
    4. lift-tan.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right)} - \tan a\right) + x \]
    5. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\tan \color{blue}{\left(y + z\right)} - \tan a\right) + x \]
    6. tan-sumN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\tan y + \tan z}{1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z}} - \tan a\right) + x \]
    7. lift-tan.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\tan y + \tan z}{1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z} - \color{blue}{\tan a}\right) + x \]
    8. tan-quotN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\tan y + \tan z}{1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z} - \color{blue}{\frac{\sin a}{\cos a}}\right) + x \]
    9. frac-subN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\tan y + \tan z\right) \cdot \cos a - \left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right) \cdot \sin a}{\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right) \cdot \cos a}} + x \]
    10. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right) \cdot \cos a - \left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right) \cdot \sin a\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right) \cdot \cos a}} + x \]
    11. lower-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right) \cdot \cos a - \left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right) \cdot \sin a, \frac{1}{\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right) \cdot \cos a}, x\right)} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\tan z + \tan y\right) \cdot \cos a - \mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \sin a, \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \cos a}, x\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\tan z + \tan y\right) \cdot \cos a - \mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \sin a}, \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \cos a}, x\right) \]
    2. sub-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\tan z + \tan y\right) \cdot \cos a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \sin a\right)\right)}, \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \cos a}, x\right) \]
    3. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \sin a\right)\right) + \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) \cdot \cos a}, \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \cos a}, x\right) \]
    4. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \sin a}\right)\right) + \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) \cdot \cos a, \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \cos a}, x\right) \]
    5. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sin a} + \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) \cdot \cos a, \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \cos a}, x\right) \]
    6. lift-neg.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(-\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)\right)} \cdot \sin a + \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) \cdot \cos a, \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \cos a}, x\right) \]
    7. lower-fma.f6499.7

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right), \sin a, \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) \cdot \cos a\right)}, \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \cos a}, x\right) \]
  6. Applied rewrites99.7%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan y, \tan z, -1\right), \sin a, \cos a \cdot \left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right)}, \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \cos a}, x\right) \]
  7. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan y, \tan z, -1\right), \sin a, \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) \cdot \cos a\right), \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right) \cdot \cos a}, x\right) \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 89.7% accurate, 0.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := -\tan z\\ t_1 := x - \left(-1 \cdot \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) + \tan a\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\tan a \leq -0.002:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\tan a \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(t\_0 - \tan y, \frac{-1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t\_0, \tan y, 1\right)}, x - a\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (- (tan z))) (t_1 (- x (+ (* -1.0 (+ (tan z) (tan y))) (tan a)))))
   (if (<= (tan a) -0.002)
     t_1
     (if (<= (tan a) 2e-9)
       (fma (- t_0 (tan y)) (/ -1.0 (fma t_0 (tan y) 1.0)) (- x a))
       t_1))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
	double t_0 = -tan(z);
	double t_1 = x - ((-1.0 * (tan(z) + tan(y))) + tan(a));
	double tmp;
	if (tan(a) <= -0.002) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (tan(a) <= 2e-9) {
		tmp = fma((t_0 - tan(y)), (-1.0 / fma(t_0, tan(y), 1.0)), (x - a));
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(x, y, z, a)
	t_0 = Float64(-tan(z))
	t_1 = Float64(x - Float64(Float64(-1.0 * Float64(tan(z) + tan(y))) + tan(a)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (tan(a) <= -0.002)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (tan(a) <= 2e-9)
		tmp = fma(Float64(t_0 - tan(y)), Float64(-1.0 / fma(t_0, tan(y), 1.0)), Float64(x - a));
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	return tmp
end
code[x_, y_, z_, a_] := Block[{t$95$0 = (-N[Tan[z], $MachinePrecision])}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(x - N[(N[(-1.0 * N[(N[Tan[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Tan[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[Tan[a], $MachinePrecision], -0.002], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[N[Tan[a], $MachinePrecision], 2e-9], N[(N[(t$95$0 - N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-1.0 / N[(t$95$0 * N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(x - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := -\tan z\\
t_1 := x - \left(-1 \cdot \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) + \tan a\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;\tan a \leq -0.002:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1\\

\mathbf{elif}\;\tan a \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(t\_0 - \tan y, \frac{-1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t\_0, \tan y, 1\right)}, x - a\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (tan.f64 a) < -2e-3 or 2.00000000000000012e-9 < (tan.f64 a)

    1. Initial program 83.6%

      \[x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
      2. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
      3. associate-+r-N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + \tan \left(y + z\right)\right) - \tan a} \]
      4. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) + x\right)} - \tan a \]
      5. associate--l+N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right) + \left(x - \tan a\right)} \]
      6. lift-tan.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right)} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
      7. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(y + z\right)} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
      8. tan-sumN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan y + \tan z}{1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
      9. frac-2negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
      10. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
      11. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right), \frac{1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}, x - \tan a\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \frac{1}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}, x - \tan a\right)} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in z around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \color{blue}{-1}, x - \tan a\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites83.7%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \color{blue}{-1}, x - \tan a\right) \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1 + \left(x - \tan a\right)} \]
        2. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x - \tan a\right) + \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
        3. lift--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x - \tan a\right)} + \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1 \]
        4. associate-+l-N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \left(\tan a - \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]
        5. lower--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \left(\tan a - \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]
        6. lower--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto x - \color{blue}{\left(\tan a - \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]
        7. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right)}\right) \]
        8. lower-*.f6483.9

          \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right)}\right) \]
        9. lift-neg.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
        10. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - -1 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
      3. Applied rewrites83.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \left(\tan a - -1 \cdot \left(\left(-\tan z\right) - \tan y\right)\right)} \]

      if -2e-3 < (tan.f64 a) < 2.00000000000000012e-9

      1. Initial program 80.5%

        \[x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
        2. lift--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
        3. associate-+r-N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + \tan \left(y + z\right)\right) - \tan a} \]
        4. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) + x\right)} - \tan a \]
        5. associate--l+N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right) + \left(x - \tan a\right)} \]
        6. lift-tan.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right)} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
        7. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(y + z\right)} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
        8. tan-sumN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan y + \tan z}{1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
        9. frac-2negN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
        10. div-invN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
        11. lower-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right), \frac{1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}, x - \tan a\right)} \]
      4. Applied rewrites99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \frac{1}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}, x - \tan a\right)} \]
      5. Taylor expanded in a around 0

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \frac{1}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}, \color{blue}{x + -1 \cdot a}\right) \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. mul-1-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \frac{1}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}, x + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(a\right)\right)}\right) \]
        2. unsub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \frac{1}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}, \color{blue}{x - a}\right) \]
        3. lower--.f6499.7

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \frac{1}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}, \color{blue}{x - a}\right) \]
      7. Applied rewrites99.7%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \frac{1}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}, \color{blue}{x - a}\right) \]
    7. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    8. Final simplification91.7%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\tan a \leq -0.002:\\ \;\;\;\;x - \left(-1 \cdot \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) + \tan a\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\tan a \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(-\tan z\right) - \tan y, \frac{-1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}, x - a\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x - \left(-1 \cdot \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) + \tan a\right)\\ \end{array} \]
    9. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 3: 89.6% accurate, 0.3× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := x - \left(-1 \cdot \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) + \tan a\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\tan a \leq -0.002:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\tan a \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-12}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-\tan z\right) - \tan y}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan z, \tan y, -1\right)} - \left(a - x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (x y z a)
     :precision binary64
     (let* ((t_0 (- x (+ (* -1.0 (+ (tan z) (tan y))) (tan a)))))
       (if (<= (tan a) -0.002)
         t_0
         (if (<= (tan a) 2e-12)
           (- (/ (- (- (tan z)) (tan y)) (fma (tan z) (tan y) -1.0)) (- a x))
           t_0))))
    double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
    	double t_0 = x - ((-1.0 * (tan(z) + tan(y))) + tan(a));
    	double tmp;
    	if (tan(a) <= -0.002) {
    		tmp = t_0;
    	} else if (tan(a) <= 2e-12) {
    		tmp = ((-tan(z) - tan(y)) / fma(tan(z), tan(y), -1.0)) - (a - x);
    	} else {
    		tmp = t_0;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    function code(x, y, z, a)
    	t_0 = Float64(x - Float64(Float64(-1.0 * Float64(tan(z) + tan(y))) + tan(a)))
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (tan(a) <= -0.002)
    		tmp = t_0;
    	elseif (tan(a) <= 2e-12)
    		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(-tan(z)) - tan(y)) / fma(tan(z), tan(y), -1.0)) - Float64(a - x));
    	else
    		tmp = t_0;
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    code[x_, y_, z_, a_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(x - N[(N[(-1.0 * N[(N[Tan[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Tan[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[Tan[a], $MachinePrecision], -0.002], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[N[Tan[a], $MachinePrecision], 2e-12], N[(N[(N[((-N[Tan[z], $MachinePrecision]) - N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Tan[z], $MachinePrecision] * N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a - x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := x - \left(-1 \cdot \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) + \tan a\right)\\
    \mathbf{if}\;\tan a \leq -0.002:\\
    \;\;\;\;t\_0\\
    
    \mathbf{elif}\;\tan a \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-12}:\\
    \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-\tan z\right) - \tan y}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan z, \tan y, -1\right)} - \left(a - x\right)\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;t\_0\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if (tan.f64 a) < -2e-3 or 1.99999999999999996e-12 < (tan.f64 a)

      1. Initial program 83.7%

        \[x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
        2. lift--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
        3. associate-+r-N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + \tan \left(y + z\right)\right) - \tan a} \]
        4. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) + x\right)} - \tan a \]
        5. associate--l+N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right) + \left(x - \tan a\right)} \]
        6. lift-tan.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right)} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
        7. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(y + z\right)} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
        8. tan-sumN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan y + \tan z}{1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
        9. frac-2negN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
        10. div-invN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
        11. lower-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right), \frac{1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}, x - \tan a\right)} \]
      4. Applied rewrites99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \frac{1}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}, x - \tan a\right)} \]
      5. Taylor expanded in z around 0

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \color{blue}{-1}, x - \tan a\right) \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites83.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \color{blue}{-1}, x - \tan a\right) \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1 + \left(x - \tan a\right)} \]
          2. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x - \tan a\right) + \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
          3. lift--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x - \tan a\right)} + \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1 \]
          4. associate-+l-N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \left(\tan a - \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]
          5. lower--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \left(\tan a - \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]
          6. lower--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto x - \color{blue}{\left(\tan a - \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]
          7. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right)}\right) \]
          8. lower-*.f6484.0

            \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right)}\right) \]
          9. lift-neg.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
          10. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - -1 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
        3. Applied rewrites84.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \left(\tan a - -1 \cdot \left(\left(-\tan z\right) - \tan y\right)\right)} \]

        if -2e-3 < (tan.f64 a) < 1.99999999999999996e-12

        1. Initial program 80.4%

          \[x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
          2. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) + x} \]
          3. lift--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} + x \]
          4. associate-+l-N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right) - \left(\tan a - x\right)} \]
          5. lower--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right) - \left(\tan a - x\right)} \]
          6. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(y + z\right)} - \left(\tan a - x\right) \]
          7. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(z + y\right)} - \left(\tan a - x\right) \]
          8. lower-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(z + y\right)} - \left(\tan a - x\right) \]
          9. lower--.f6480.4

            \[\leadsto \tan \left(z + y\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\tan a - x\right)} \]
        4. Applied rewrites80.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(z + y\right) - \left(\tan a - x\right)} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in a around 0

          \[\leadsto \tan \left(z + y\right) - \color{blue}{\left(a - x\right)} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower--.f6480.4

            \[\leadsto \tan \left(z + y\right) - \color{blue}{\left(a - x\right)} \]
        7. Applied rewrites80.4%

          \[\leadsto \tan \left(z + y\right) - \color{blue}{\left(a - x\right)} \]
        8. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-tan.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(z + y\right)} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          2. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(z + y\right)} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          3. tan-sumN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan z + \tan y}{1 - \tan z \cdot \tan y}} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          4. lift-tan.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\tan z} + \tan y}{1 - \tan z \cdot \tan y} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          5. lift-tan.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\tan z + \color{blue}{\tan y}}{1 - \tan z \cdot \tan y} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          6. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\tan y + \tan z}}{1 - \tan z \cdot \tan y} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          7. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\tan y + \tan z}}{1 - \tan z \cdot \tan y} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          8. lift-tan.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\tan y + \tan z}{1 - \color{blue}{\tan z} \cdot \tan y} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          9. lift-tan.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\tan y + \tan z}{1 - \tan z \cdot \color{blue}{\tan y}} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          10. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\tan y + \tan z}{1 - \color{blue}{\tan y \cdot \tan z}} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          11. sub-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\tan y + \tan z}{\color{blue}{1 + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          12. metadata-evalN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\tan y + \tan z}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-1\right)\right)} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          13. distribute-neg-inN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\tan y + \tan z}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(-1 + \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          14. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\tan y + \tan z}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\tan y \cdot \tan z + -1\right)}\right)} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          15. lift-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\tan y + \tan z}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan y, \tan z, -1\right)}\right)} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          16. lift-neg.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\tan y + \tan z}{\color{blue}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan y, \tan z, -1\right)}} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          17. lower-/.f6499.7

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan y + \tan z}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan y, \tan z, -1\right)}} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          18. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\tan y + \tan z}}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan y, \tan z, -1\right)} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          19. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\tan z + \tan y}}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan y, \tan z, -1\right)} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          20. lower-+.f6499.7

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\tan z + \tan y}}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan y, \tan z, -1\right)} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          21. lift-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\tan z + \tan y}{-\color{blue}{\left(\tan y \cdot \tan z + -1\right)}} - \left(a - x\right) \]
          22. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\tan z + \tan y}{-\left(\color{blue}{\tan z \cdot \tan y} + -1\right)} - \left(a - x\right) \]
        9. Applied rewrites99.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan z + \tan y}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan z, \tan y, -1\right)}} - \left(a - x\right) \]
      7. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
      8. Final simplification91.7%

        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\tan a \leq -0.002:\\ \;\;\;\;x - \left(-1 \cdot \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) + \tan a\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\tan a \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-12}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-\tan z\right) - \tan y}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan z, \tan y, -1\right)} - \left(a - x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x - \left(-1 \cdot \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) + \tan a\right)\\ \end{array} \]
      9. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 4: 89.4% accurate, 0.3× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := x - \left(-1 \cdot \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) + \tan a\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\tan a \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\tan a \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-12}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-\tan z\right) - \tan y}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan z, \tan y, -1\right)} - \left(-x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (x y z a)
       :precision binary64
       (let* ((t_0 (- x (+ (* -1.0 (+ (tan z) (tan y))) (tan a)))))
         (if (<= (tan a) -5e-7)
           t_0
           (if (<= (tan a) 2e-12)
             (- (/ (- (- (tan z)) (tan y)) (fma (tan z) (tan y) -1.0)) (- x))
             t_0))))
      double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
      	double t_0 = x - ((-1.0 * (tan(z) + tan(y))) + tan(a));
      	double tmp;
      	if (tan(a) <= -5e-7) {
      		tmp = t_0;
      	} else if (tan(a) <= 2e-12) {
      		tmp = ((-tan(z) - tan(y)) / fma(tan(z), tan(y), -1.0)) - -x;
      	} else {
      		tmp = t_0;
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      function code(x, y, z, a)
      	t_0 = Float64(x - Float64(Float64(-1.0 * Float64(tan(z) + tan(y))) + tan(a)))
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if (tan(a) <= -5e-7)
      		tmp = t_0;
      	elseif (tan(a) <= 2e-12)
      		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(-tan(z)) - tan(y)) / fma(tan(z), tan(y), -1.0)) - Float64(-x));
      	else
      		tmp = t_0;
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      code[x_, y_, z_, a_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(x - N[(N[(-1.0 * N[(N[Tan[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Tan[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[Tan[a], $MachinePrecision], -5e-7], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[N[Tan[a], $MachinePrecision], 2e-12], N[(N[(N[((-N[Tan[z], $MachinePrecision]) - N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Tan[z], $MachinePrecision] * N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - (-x)), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      t_0 := x - \left(-1 \cdot \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) + \tan a\right)\\
      \mathbf{if}\;\tan a \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\
      \;\;\;\;t\_0\\
      
      \mathbf{elif}\;\tan a \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-12}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-\tan z\right) - \tan y}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan z, \tan y, -1\right)} - \left(-x\right)\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;t\_0\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 2 regimes
      2. if (tan.f64 a) < -4.99999999999999977e-7 or 1.99999999999999996e-12 < (tan.f64 a)

        1. Initial program 83.8%

          \[x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
          2. lift--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
          3. associate-+r-N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + \tan \left(y + z\right)\right) - \tan a} \]
          4. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) + x\right)} - \tan a \]
          5. associate--l+N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right) + \left(x - \tan a\right)} \]
          6. lift-tan.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right)} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
          7. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(y + z\right)} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
          8. tan-sumN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan y + \tan z}{1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
          9. frac-2negN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
          10. div-invN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
          11. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right), \frac{1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}, x - \tan a\right)} \]
        4. Applied rewrites99.5%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \frac{1}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}, x - \tan a\right)} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in z around 0

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \color{blue}{-1}, x - \tan a\right) \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites84.0%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \color{blue}{-1}, x - \tan a\right) \]
          2. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1 + \left(x - \tan a\right)} \]
            2. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x - \tan a\right) + \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
            3. lift--.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x - \tan a\right)} + \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1 \]
            4. associate-+l-N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \left(\tan a - \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]
            5. lower--.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \left(\tan a - \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]
            6. lower--.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto x - \color{blue}{\left(\tan a - \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]
            7. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right)}\right) \]
            8. lower-*.f6484.1

              \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right)}\right) \]
            9. lift-neg.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
            10. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - -1 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
          3. Applied rewrites84.1%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \left(\tan a - -1 \cdot \left(\left(-\tan z\right) - \tan y\right)\right)} \]

          if -4.99999999999999977e-7 < (tan.f64 a) < 1.99999999999999996e-12

          1. Initial program 80.2%

            \[x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
            2. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) + x} \]
            3. lift--.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} + x \]
            4. associate-+l-N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right) - \left(\tan a - x\right)} \]
            5. lower--.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right) - \left(\tan a - x\right)} \]
            6. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(y + z\right)} - \left(\tan a - x\right) \]
            7. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(z + y\right)} - \left(\tan a - x\right) \]
            8. lower-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(z + y\right)} - \left(\tan a - x\right) \]
            9. lower--.f6480.2

              \[\leadsto \tan \left(z + y\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\tan a - x\right)} \]
          4. Applied rewrites80.2%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(z + y\right) - \left(\tan a - x\right)} \]
          5. Taylor expanded in a around 0

            \[\leadsto \tan \left(z + y\right) - \color{blue}{-1 \cdot x} \]
          6. Step-by-step derivation
            1. mul-1-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \tan \left(z + y\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)\right)} \]
            2. lower-neg.f6479.9

              \[\leadsto \tan \left(z + y\right) - \color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \]
          7. Applied rewrites79.9%

            \[\leadsto \tan \left(z + y\right) - \color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \]
          8. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-tan.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(z + y\right)} - \left(-x\right) \]
            2. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(z + y\right)} - \left(-x\right) \]
            3. tan-sumN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan z + \tan y}{1 - \tan z \cdot \tan y}} - \left(-x\right) \]
            4. lift-tan.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\tan z} + \tan y}{1 - \tan z \cdot \tan y} - \left(-x\right) \]
            5. lift-tan.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\tan z + \color{blue}{\tan y}}{1 - \tan z \cdot \tan y} - \left(-x\right) \]
            6. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\tan z + \tan y}}{1 - \tan z \cdot \tan y} - \left(-x\right) \]
            7. frac-2negN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan z \cdot \tan y\right)\right)}} - \left(-x\right) \]
            8. lift-neg.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan z \cdot \tan y\right)\right)} - \left(-x\right) \]
            9. lift-tan.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \color{blue}{\tan z} \cdot \tan y\right)\right)} - \left(-x\right) \]
            10. lift-tan.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan z \cdot \color{blue}{\tan y}\right)\right)} - \left(-x\right) \]
            11. cancel-sign-sub-invN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\tan z\right)\right) \cdot \tan y\right)}\right)} - \left(-x\right) \]
            12. lift-neg.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 + \color{blue}{\left(-\tan z\right)} \cdot \tan y\right)\right)} - \left(-x\right) \]
            13. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\tan z\right) \cdot \tan y + 1\right)}\right)} - \left(-x\right) \]
            14. lift-neg.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\tan z\right)\right)} \cdot \tan y + 1\right)\right)} - \left(-x\right) \]
            15. lift-tan.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\tan z}\right)\right) \cdot \tan y + 1\right)\right)} - \left(-x\right) \]
            16. lift-tan.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\tan z\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\tan y} + 1\right)\right)} - \left(-x\right) \]
          9. Applied rewrites99.0%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-\tan z\right) - \tan y}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan z, \tan y, -1\right)}} - \left(-x\right) \]
        7. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
        8. Final simplification91.4%

          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\tan a \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\ \;\;\;\;x - \left(-1 \cdot \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) + \tan a\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\tan a \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-12}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-\tan z\right) - \tan y}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\tan z, \tan y, -1\right)} - \left(-x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x - \left(-1 \cdot \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) + \tan a\right)\\ \end{array} \]
        9. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 5: 99.7% accurate, 0.4× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ x - \left(\tan a - \frac{\tan z + \tan y}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}\right) \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (x y z a)
         :precision binary64
         (- x (- (tan a) (/ (+ (tan z) (tan y)) (fma (- (tan z)) (tan y) 1.0)))))
        double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
        	return x - (tan(a) - ((tan(z) + tan(y)) / fma(-tan(z), tan(y), 1.0)));
        }
        
        function code(x, y, z, a)
        	return Float64(x - Float64(tan(a) - Float64(Float64(tan(z) + tan(y)) / fma(Float64(-tan(z)), tan(y), 1.0))))
        end
        
        code[x_, y_, z_, a_] := N[(x - N[(N[Tan[a], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[Tan[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[((-N[Tan[z], $MachinePrecision]) * N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        x - \left(\tan a - \frac{\tan z + \tan y}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}\right)
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 82.1%

          \[x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-tan.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right)} - \tan a\right) \]
          2. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\tan \color{blue}{\left(y + z\right)} - \tan a\right) \]
          3. tan-sumN/A

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\tan y + \tan z}{1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z}} - \tan a\right) \]
          4. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\tan y + \tan z}{1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z}} - \tan a\right) \]
          5. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\tan z + \tan y}}{1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z} - \tan a\right) \]
          6. lower-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\tan z + \tan y}}{1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z} - \tan a\right) \]
          7. lower-tan.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\tan z} + \tan y}{1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z} - \tan a\right) \]
          8. lower-tan.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\frac{\tan z + \color{blue}{\tan y}}{1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z} - \tan a\right) \]
          9. sub-negN/A

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\frac{\tan z + \tan y}{\color{blue}{1 + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}} - \tan a\right) \]
          10. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\frac{\tan z + \tan y}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right) + 1}} - \tan a\right) \]
          11. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\frac{\tan z + \tan y}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\tan z \cdot \tan y}\right)\right) + 1} - \tan a\right) \]
          12. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\frac{\tan z + \tan y}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\tan z\right)\right) \cdot \tan y} + 1} - \tan a\right) \]
          13. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\frac{\tan z + \tan y}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\tan z\right), \tan y, 1\right)}} - \tan a\right) \]
          14. lower-neg.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\frac{\tan z + \tan y}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-\tan z}, \tan y, 1\right)} - \tan a\right) \]
          15. lower-tan.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\frac{\tan z + \tan y}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\color{blue}{\tan z}, \tan y, 1\right)} - \tan a\right) \]
          16. lower-tan.f6499.7

            \[\leadsto x + \left(\frac{\tan z + \tan y}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \color{blue}{\tan y}, 1\right)} - \tan a\right) \]
        4. Applied rewrites99.7%

          \[\leadsto x + \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\tan z + \tan y}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}} - \tan a\right) \]
        5. Final simplification99.7%

          \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - \frac{\tan z + \tan y}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}\right) \]
        6. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 6: 79.7% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ x - \left(-1 \cdot \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) + \tan a\right) \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (x y z a)
         :precision binary64
         (- x (+ (* -1.0 (+ (tan z) (tan y))) (tan a))))
        double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
        	return x - ((-1.0 * (tan(z) + tan(y))) + tan(a));
        }
        
        real(8) function code(x, y, z, a)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            real(8), intent (in) :: z
            real(8), intent (in) :: a
            code = x - (((-1.0d0) * (tan(z) + tan(y))) + tan(a))
        end function
        
        public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
        	return x - ((-1.0 * (Math.tan(z) + Math.tan(y))) + Math.tan(a));
        }
        
        def code(x, y, z, a):
        	return x - ((-1.0 * (math.tan(z) + math.tan(y))) + math.tan(a))
        
        function code(x, y, z, a)
        	return Float64(x - Float64(Float64(-1.0 * Float64(tan(z) + tan(y))) + tan(a)))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(x, y, z, a)
        	tmp = x - ((-1.0 * (tan(z) + tan(y))) + tan(a));
        end
        
        code[x_, y_, z_, a_] := N[(x - N[(N[(-1.0 * N[(N[Tan[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Tan[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        x - \left(-1 \cdot \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) + \tan a\right)
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 82.1%

          \[x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
          2. lift--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
          3. associate-+r-N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + \tan \left(y + z\right)\right) - \tan a} \]
          4. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) + x\right)} - \tan a \]
          5. associate--l+N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right) + \left(x - \tan a\right)} \]
          6. lift-tan.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right)} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
          7. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(y + z\right)} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
          8. tan-sumN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan y + \tan z}{1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
          9. frac-2negN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
          10. div-invN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
          11. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right), \frac{1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}, x - \tan a\right)} \]
        4. Applied rewrites99.6%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \frac{1}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}, x - \tan a\right)} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in z around 0

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \color{blue}{-1}, x - \tan a\right) \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites82.6%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \color{blue}{-1}, x - \tan a\right) \]
          2. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1 + \left(x - \tan a\right)} \]
            2. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x - \tan a\right) + \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
            3. lift--.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x - \tan a\right)} + \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1 \]
            4. associate-+l-N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \left(\tan a - \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]
            5. lower--.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \left(\tan a - \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]
            6. lower--.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto x - \color{blue}{\left(\tan a - \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]
            7. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right)}\right) \]
            8. lower-*.f6482.6

              \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right)}\right) \]
            9. lift-neg.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
            10. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto x - \left(\tan a - -1 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
          3. Applied rewrites82.6%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \left(\tan a - -1 \cdot \left(\left(-\tan z\right) - \tan y\right)\right)} \]
          4. Final simplification82.6%

            \[\leadsto x - \left(-1 \cdot \left(\tan z + \tan y\right) + \tan a\right) \]
          5. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 7: 79.6% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \left(-\tan z\right) - \tan y, x\right) - \tan a \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (x y z a)
           :precision binary64
           (- (fma -1.0 (- (- (tan z)) (tan y)) x) (tan a)))
          double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
          	return fma(-1.0, (-tan(z) - tan(y)), x) - tan(a);
          }
          
          function code(x, y, z, a)
          	return Float64(fma(-1.0, Float64(Float64(-tan(z)) - tan(y)), x) - tan(a))
          end
          
          code[x_, y_, z_, a_] := N[(N[(-1.0 * N[((-N[Tan[z], $MachinePrecision]) - N[Tan[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision] - N[Tan[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \left(-\tan z\right) - \tan y, x\right) - \tan a
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Initial program 82.1%

            \[x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
            2. lift--.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
            3. associate-+r-N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + \tan \left(y + z\right)\right) - \tan a} \]
            4. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) + x\right)} - \tan a \]
            5. associate--l+N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right) + \left(x - \tan a\right)} \]
            6. lift-tan.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right)} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
            7. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(y + z\right)} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
            8. tan-sumN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan y + \tan z}{1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
            9. frac-2negN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
            10. div-invN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}} + \left(x - \tan a\right) \]
            11. lower-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\tan y + \tan z\right)\right), \frac{1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(1 - \tan y \cdot \tan z\right)\right)}, x - \tan a\right)} \]
          4. Applied rewrites99.6%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \frac{1}{-\mathsf{fma}\left(-\tan z, \tan y, 1\right)}, x - \tan a\right)} \]
          5. Taylor expanded in z around 0

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \color{blue}{-1}, x - \tan a\right) \]
          6. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites82.6%

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right), \color{blue}{-1}, x - \tan a\right) \]
            2. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lift-fma.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1 + \left(x - \tan a\right)} \]
              2. lift--.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1 + \color{blue}{\left(x - \tan a\right)} \]
              3. associate-+r-N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1 + x\right) - \tan a} \]
              4. lower--.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(\tan z + \tan y\right)\right) \cdot -1 + x\right) - \tan a} \]
            3. Applied rewrites82.6%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \left(-\tan z\right) - \tan y, x\right) - \tan a} \]
            4. Add Preprocessing

            Alternative 8: 79.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\tan \left(z + y\right) - \tan a\right) + x \end{array} \]
            (FPCore (x y z a) :precision binary64 (+ (- (tan (+ z y)) (tan a)) x))
            double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
            	return (tan((z + y)) - tan(a)) + x;
            }
            
            real(8) function code(x, y, z, a)
                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                real(8), intent (in) :: z
                real(8), intent (in) :: a
                code = (tan((z + y)) - tan(a)) + x
            end function
            
            public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
            	return (Math.tan((z + y)) - Math.tan(a)) + x;
            }
            
            def code(x, y, z, a):
            	return (math.tan((z + y)) - math.tan(a)) + x
            
            function code(x, y, z, a)
            	return Float64(Float64(tan(Float64(z + y)) - tan(a)) + x)
            end
            
            function tmp = code(x, y, z, a)
            	tmp = (tan((z + y)) - tan(a)) + x;
            end
            
            code[x_, y_, z_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Tan[N[(z + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Tan[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision]
            
            \begin{array}{l}
            
            \\
            \left(\tan \left(z + y\right) - \tan a\right) + x
            \end{array}
            
            Derivation
            1. Initial program 82.1%

              \[x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Final simplification82.1%

              \[\leadsto \left(\tan \left(z + y\right) - \tan a\right) + x \]
            4. Add Preprocessing

            Alternative 9: 51.4% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \tan \left(z + y\right) - \left(-x\right) \end{array} \]
            (FPCore (x y z a) :precision binary64 (- (tan (+ z y)) (- x)))
            double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
            	return tan((z + y)) - -x;
            }
            
            real(8) function code(x, y, z, a)
                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                real(8), intent (in) :: z
                real(8), intent (in) :: a
                code = tan((z + y)) - -x
            end function
            
            public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double a) {
            	return Math.tan((z + y)) - -x;
            }
            
            def code(x, y, z, a):
            	return math.tan((z + y)) - -x
            
            function code(x, y, z, a)
            	return Float64(tan(Float64(z + y)) - Float64(-x))
            end
            
            function tmp = code(x, y, z, a)
            	tmp = tan((z + y)) - -x;
            end
            
            code[x_, y_, z_, a_] := N[(N[Tan[N[(z + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - (-x)), $MachinePrecision]
            
            \begin{array}{l}
            
            \\
            \tan \left(z + y\right) - \left(-x\right)
            \end{array}
            
            Derivation
            1. Initial program 82.1%

              \[x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lift-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} \]
              2. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right) + x} \]
              3. lift--.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\tan \left(y + z\right) - \tan a\right)} + x \]
              4. associate-+l-N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right) - \left(\tan a - x\right)} \]
              5. lower--.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(y + z\right) - \left(\tan a - x\right)} \]
              6. lift-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(y + z\right)} - \left(\tan a - x\right) \]
              7. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(z + y\right)} - \left(\tan a - x\right) \]
              8. lower-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \tan \color{blue}{\left(z + y\right)} - \left(\tan a - x\right) \]
              9. lower--.f6482.0

                \[\leadsto \tan \left(z + y\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\tan a - x\right)} \]
            4. Applied rewrites82.0%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan \left(z + y\right) - \left(\tan a - x\right)} \]
            5. Taylor expanded in a around 0

              \[\leadsto \tan \left(z + y\right) - \color{blue}{-1 \cdot x} \]
            6. Step-by-step derivation
              1. mul-1-negN/A

                \[\leadsto \tan \left(z + y\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)\right)} \]
              2. lower-neg.f6451.5

                \[\leadsto \tan \left(z + y\right) - \color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \]
            7. Applied rewrites51.5%

              \[\leadsto \tan \left(z + y\right) - \color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \]
            8. Add Preprocessing

            Reproduce

            ?
            herbie shell --seed 2024243 
            (FPCore (x y z a)
              :name "tan-example (used to crash)"
              :precision binary64
              :pre (and (and (and (or (== x 0.0) (and (<= 0.5884142 x) (<= x 505.5909))) (or (and (<= -1.796658e+308 y) (<= y -9.425585e-310)) (and (<= 1.284938e-309 y) (<= y 1.751224e+308)))) (or (and (<= -1.776707e+308 z) (<= z -8.599796e-310)) (and (<= 3.293145e-311 z) (<= z 1.725154e+308)))) (or (and (<= -1.796658e+308 a) (<= a -9.425585e-310)) (and (<= 1.284938e-309 a) (<= a 1.751224e+308))))
              (+ x (- (tan (+ y z)) (tan a))))