Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.6%
Time: 14.3s
Alternatives: 15
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 15 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) (- (+ (log z) (log (+ y x))) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + ((log(z) + log((y + x))) - t);
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)) + ((log(z) + log((y + x))) - t)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + ((Math.log(z) + Math.log((y + x))) - t);
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + ((math.log(z) + math.log((y + x))) - t)
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(y + x))) - t))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + ((log(z) + log((y + x))) - t);
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Final simplification99.4%

    \[\leadsto \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right) \]
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 81.2% accurate, 0.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)\\ t_2 := \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -2000:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2 - \left(t - \log z\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_1 \leq 2000:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \log t, \log z\right) + \log y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(t\_2 + \log y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (+ (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) (- (+ (log z) (log (+ y x))) t)))
        (t_2 (* (log t) a)))
   (if (<= t_1 -2000.0)
     (- t_2 (- t (log z)))
     (if (<= t_1 2000.0)
       (+ (fma -0.5 (log t) (log z)) (log y))
       (- (+ t_2 (log y)) t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + ((log(z) + log((y + x))) - t);
	double t_2 = log(t) * a;
	double tmp;
	if (t_1 <= -2000.0) {
		tmp = t_2 - (t - log(z));
	} else if (t_1 <= 2000.0) {
		tmp = fma(-0.5, log(t), log(z)) + log(y);
	} else {
		tmp = (t_2 + log(y)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(y + x))) - t))
	t_2 = Float64(log(t) * a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_1 <= -2000.0)
		tmp = Float64(t_2 - Float64(t - log(z)));
	elseif (t_1 <= 2000.0)
		tmp = Float64(fma(-0.5, log(t), log(z)) + log(y));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(t_2 + log(y)) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$1, -2000.0], N[(t$95$2 - N[(t - N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$1, 2000.0], N[(N[(-0.5 * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(t$95$2 + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)\\
t_2 := \log t \cdot a\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -2000:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_2 - \left(t - \log z\right)\\

\mathbf{elif}\;t\_1 \leq 2000:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \log t, \log z\right) + \log y\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(t\_2 + \log y\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if (+.f64 (-.f64 (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) t) (*.f64 (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) (log.f64 t))) < -2e3

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{{x}^{2}}{{y}^{2}} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \frac{x}{y}\right)\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    4. Applied rewrites55.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\frac{x}{y}}{y}, -0.5, \frac{1}{y}\right), x, \log y\right)\right) - \left(t - \log z\right)} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - \left(\color{blue}{t} - \log z\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites98.3%

        \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - \left(\color{blue}{t} - \log z\right) \]

      if -2e3 < (+.f64 (-.f64 (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) t) (*.f64 (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) (log.f64 t))) < 2e3

      1. Initial program 98.5%

        \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-+r+N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} - t \]
        2. associate--l+N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right)} \]
        3. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log z\right)} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
        4. mul-1-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
        5. log-recN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log y\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
        6. remove-double-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log y} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
        7. associate--l+N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
        8. associate-+r+N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
        9. lower--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
      5. Applied rewrites46.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in t around 0

        \[\leadsto \log y + \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites45.4%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right) + \color{blue}{\log y} \]
        2. Taylor expanded in a around 0

          \[\leadsto \left(\log z + \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \log t\right) + \log y \]
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites44.4%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \log t, \log z\right) + \log y \]

          if 2e3 < (+.f64 (-.f64 (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) t) (*.f64 (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) (log.f64 t)))

          1. Initial program 99.7%

            \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. associate-+r+N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} - t \]
            2. associate--l+N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right)} \]
            3. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log z\right)} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
            4. mul-1-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
            5. log-recN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log y\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
            6. remove-double-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log y} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
            7. associate--l+N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
            8. associate-+r+N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
            9. lower--.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
          5. Applied rewrites84.5%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in a around inf

            \[\leadsto \left(\log y + a \cdot \log t\right) - t \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites83.4%

              \[\leadsto \left(\log y + a \cdot \log t\right) - t \]
          8. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
          9. Final simplification80.3%

            \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right) \leq -2000:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - \left(t - \log z\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right) \leq 2000:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \log t, \log z\right) + \log y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log t \cdot a + \log y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
          10. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 3: 78.3% accurate, 0.4× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)\\ t_2 := \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -500000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2 - \left(t - \log z\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_1 \leq 1040:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(t\_2 + \log y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (x y z t a)
           :precision binary64
           (let* ((t_1 (+ (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) (- (+ (log z) (log (+ y x))) t)))
                  (t_2 (* (log t) a)))
             (if (<= t_1 -500000000000.0)
               (- t_2 (- t (log z)))
               (if (<= t_1 1040.0)
                 (- (fma -0.5 (log t) (log (* z y))) t)
                 (- (+ t_2 (log y)) t)))))
          double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
          	double t_1 = (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + ((log(z) + log((y + x))) - t);
          	double t_2 = log(t) * a;
          	double tmp;
          	if (t_1 <= -500000000000.0) {
          		tmp = t_2 - (t - log(z));
          	} else if (t_1 <= 1040.0) {
          		tmp = fma(-0.5, log(t), log((z * y))) - t;
          	} else {
          		tmp = (t_2 + log(y)) - t;
          	}
          	return tmp;
          }
          
          function code(x, y, z, t, a)
          	t_1 = Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(y + x))) - t))
          	t_2 = Float64(log(t) * a)
          	tmp = 0.0
          	if (t_1 <= -500000000000.0)
          		tmp = Float64(t_2 - Float64(t - log(z)));
          	elseif (t_1 <= 1040.0)
          		tmp = Float64(fma(-0.5, log(t), log(Float64(z * y))) - t);
          	else
          		tmp = Float64(Float64(t_2 + log(y)) - t);
          	end
          	return tmp
          end
          
          code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$1, -500000000000.0], N[(t$95$2 - N[(t - N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$1, 1040.0], N[(N[(-0.5 * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(t$95$2 + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          \begin{array}{l}
          t_1 := \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)\\
          t_2 := \log t \cdot a\\
          \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -500000000000:\\
          \;\;\;\;t\_2 - \left(t - \log z\right)\\
          
          \mathbf{elif}\;t\_1 \leq 1040:\\
          \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t\\
          
          \mathbf{else}:\\
          \;\;\;\;\left(t\_2 + \log y\right) - t\\
          
          
          \end{array}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Split input into 3 regimes
          2. if (+.f64 (-.f64 (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) t) (*.f64 (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) (log.f64 t))) < -5e11

            1. Initial program 99.8%

              \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{{x}^{2}}{{y}^{2}} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \frac{x}{y}\right)\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
            4. Applied rewrites55.6%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\frac{x}{y}}{y}, -0.5, \frac{1}{y}\right), x, \log y\right)\right) - \left(t - \log z\right)} \]
            5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

              \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - \left(\color{blue}{t} - \log z\right) \]
            6. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites99.3%

                \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - \left(\color{blue}{t} - \log z\right) \]

              if -5e11 < (+.f64 (-.f64 (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) t) (*.f64 (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) (log.f64 t))) < 1040

              1. Initial program 98.3%

                \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. associate-+r+N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} - t \]
                2. associate--l+N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right)} \]
                3. +-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log z\right)} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                4. mul-1-negN/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                5. log-recN/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log y\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                6. remove-double-negN/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log y} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                7. associate--l+N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                8. associate-+r+N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
                9. lower--.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
              5. Applied rewrites45.5%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
              6. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites42.2%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t} \]
                2. Taylor expanded in a around 0

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t \]
                3. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites40.8%

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t \]

                  if 1040 < (+.f64 (-.f64 (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) t) (*.f64 (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) (log.f64 t)))

                  1. Initial program 99.7%

                    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. associate-+r+N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} - t \]
                    2. associate--l+N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right)} \]
                    3. +-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log z\right)} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                    4. mul-1-negN/A

                      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                    5. log-recN/A

                      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log y\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                    6. remove-double-negN/A

                      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log y} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                    7. associate--l+N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                    8. associate-+r+N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
                    9. lower--.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                  5. Applied rewrites79.4%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
                  6. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                    \[\leadsto \left(\log y + a \cdot \log t\right) - t \]
                  7. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites70.5%

                      \[\leadsto \left(\log y + a \cdot \log t\right) - t \]
                  8. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                  9. Final simplification78.2%

                    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right) \leq -500000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - \left(t - \log z\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right) \leq 1040:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log t \cdot a + \log y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
                  10. Add Preprocessing

                  Alternative 4: 78.2% accurate, 0.4× speedup?

                  \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)\\ t_2 := \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -2000000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2 - \left(t - \log z\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_1 \leq 1040:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(t\_2 + \log y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                  (FPCore (x y z t a)
                   :precision binary64
                   (let* ((t_1 (+ (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) (- (+ (log z) (log (+ y x))) t)))
                          (t_2 (* (log t) a)))
                     (if (<= t_1 -2000000000000.0)
                       (- t_2 (- t (log z)))
                       (if (<= t_1 1040.0)
                         (fma (- a 0.5) (log t) (log (* z y)))
                         (- (+ t_2 (log y)) t)))))
                  double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                  	double t_1 = (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + ((log(z) + log((y + x))) - t);
                  	double t_2 = log(t) * a;
                  	double tmp;
                  	if (t_1 <= -2000000000000.0) {
                  		tmp = t_2 - (t - log(z));
                  	} else if (t_1 <= 1040.0) {
                  		tmp = fma((a - 0.5), log(t), log((z * y)));
                  	} else {
                  		tmp = (t_2 + log(y)) - t;
                  	}
                  	return tmp;
                  }
                  
                  function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                  	t_1 = Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(y + x))) - t))
                  	t_2 = Float64(log(t) * a)
                  	tmp = 0.0
                  	if (t_1 <= -2000000000000.0)
                  		tmp = Float64(t_2 - Float64(t - log(z)));
                  	elseif (t_1 <= 1040.0)
                  		tmp = fma(Float64(a - 0.5), log(t), log(Float64(z * y)));
                  	else
                  		tmp = Float64(Float64(t_2 + log(y)) - t);
                  	end
                  	return tmp
                  end
                  
                  code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$1, -2000000000000.0], N[(t$95$2 - N[(t - N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$1, 1040.0], N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(t$95$2 + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
                  
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  
                  \\
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  t_1 := \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)\\
                  t_2 := \log t \cdot a\\
                  \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -2000000000000:\\
                  \;\;\;\;t\_2 - \left(t - \log z\right)\\
                  
                  \mathbf{elif}\;t\_1 \leq 1040:\\
                  \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right)\\
                  
                  \mathbf{else}:\\
                  \;\;\;\;\left(t\_2 + \log y\right) - t\\
                  
                  
                  \end{array}
                  \end{array}
                  
                  Derivation
                  1. Split input into 3 regimes
                  2. if (+.f64 (-.f64 (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) t) (*.f64 (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) (log.f64 t))) < -2e12

                    1. Initial program 99.8%

                      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing
                    3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{{x}^{2}}{{y}^{2}} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \frac{x}{y}\right)\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                    4. Applied rewrites55.3%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\frac{x}{y}}{y}, -0.5, \frac{1}{y}\right), x, \log y\right)\right) - \left(t - \log z\right)} \]
                    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                      \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - \left(\color{blue}{t} - \log z\right) \]
                    6. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites99.6%

                        \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - \left(\color{blue}{t} - \log z\right) \]

                      if -2e12 < (+.f64 (-.f64 (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) t) (*.f64 (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) (log.f64 t))) < 1040

                      1. Initial program 98.4%

                        \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                      2. Add Preprocessing
                      3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                      4. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. associate-+r+N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} - t \]
                        2. associate--l+N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right)} \]
                        3. +-commutativeN/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log z\right)} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                        4. mul-1-negN/A

                          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                        5. log-recN/A

                          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log y\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                        6. remove-double-negN/A

                          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log y} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                        7. associate--l+N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                        8. associate-+r+N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
                        9. lower--.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                      5. Applied rewrites46.3%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
                      6. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Applied rewrites43.1%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t} \]
                        2. Taylor expanded in t around 0

                          \[\leadsto \log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
                        3. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. Applied rewrites40.7%

                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) \]

                          if 1040 < (+.f64 (-.f64 (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) t) (*.f64 (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) (log.f64 t)))

                          1. Initial program 99.7%

                            \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                          2. Add Preprocessing
                          3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                          4. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. associate-+r+N/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} - t \]
                            2. associate--l+N/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right)} \]
                            3. +-commutativeN/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log z\right)} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                            4. mul-1-negN/A

                              \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                            5. log-recN/A

                              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log y\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                            6. remove-double-negN/A

                              \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log y} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                            7. associate--l+N/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                            8. associate-+r+N/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
                            9. lower--.f64N/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                          5. Applied rewrites79.4%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
                          6. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                            \[\leadsto \left(\log y + a \cdot \log t\right) - t \]
                          7. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. Applied rewrites70.5%

                              \[\leadsto \left(\log y + a \cdot \log t\right) - t \]
                          8. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                          9. Final simplification78.0%

                            \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right) \leq -2000000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - \left(t - \log z\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right) \leq 1040:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log t \cdot a + \log y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
                          10. Add Preprocessing

                          Alternative 5: 89.5% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

                          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\ t_2 := \log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_2 \leq -800:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 - \left(t - \log z\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_2 \leq 710:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot z\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(t\_1 + \log y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                          (FPCore (x y z t a)
                           :precision binary64
                           (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) a)) (t_2 (+ (log z) (log (+ y x)))))
                             (if (<= t_2 -800.0)
                               (- t_1 (- t (log z)))
                               (if (<= t_2 710.0)
                                 (- (fma (log t) (- a 0.5) (log (* (+ y x) z))) t)
                                 (- (+ t_1 (log y)) t)))))
                          double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                          	double t_1 = log(t) * a;
                          	double t_2 = log(z) + log((y + x));
                          	double tmp;
                          	if (t_2 <= -800.0) {
                          		tmp = t_1 - (t - log(z));
                          	} else if (t_2 <= 710.0) {
                          		tmp = fma(log(t), (a - 0.5), log(((y + x) * z))) - t;
                          	} else {
                          		tmp = (t_1 + log(y)) - t;
                          	}
                          	return tmp;
                          }
                          
                          function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                          	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * a)
                          	t_2 = Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(y + x)))
                          	tmp = 0.0
                          	if (t_2 <= -800.0)
                          		tmp = Float64(t_1 - Float64(t - log(z)));
                          	elseif (t_2 <= 710.0)
                          		tmp = Float64(fma(log(t), Float64(a - 0.5), log(Float64(Float64(y + x) * z))) - t);
                          	else
                          		tmp = Float64(Float64(t_1 + log(y)) - t);
                          	end
                          	return tmp
                          end
                          
                          code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$2, -800.0], N[(t$95$1 - N[(t - N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$2, 710.0], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(t$95$1 + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
                          
                          \begin{array}{l}
                          
                          \\
                          \begin{array}{l}
                          t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\
                          t_2 := \log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\\
                          \mathbf{if}\;t\_2 \leq -800:\\
                          \;\;\;\;t\_1 - \left(t - \log z\right)\\
                          
                          \mathbf{elif}\;t\_2 \leq 710:\\
                          \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot z\right)\right) - t\\
                          
                          \mathbf{else}:\\
                          \;\;\;\;\left(t\_1 + \log y\right) - t\\
                          
                          
                          \end{array}
                          \end{array}
                          
                          Derivation
                          1. Split input into 3 regimes
                          2. if (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < -800

                            1. Initial program 99.6%

                              \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                            2. Add Preprocessing
                            3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{{x}^{2}}{{y}^{2}} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \frac{x}{y}\right)\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                            4. Applied rewrites50.6%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\frac{x}{y}}{y}, -0.5, \frac{1}{y}\right), x, \log y\right)\right) - \left(t - \log z\right)} \]
                            5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                              \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - \left(\color{blue}{t} - \log z\right) \]
                            6. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. Applied rewrites86.4%

                                \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - \left(\color{blue}{t} - \log z\right) \]

                              if -800 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < 710

                              1. Initial program 99.3%

                                \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                              2. Add Preprocessing
                              3. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. lift-+.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} \]
                                2. +-commutativeN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
                                3. lift--.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
                                4. associate-+r-N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
                                5. lower--.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
                                6. lift-*.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right)\right) - t \]
                                7. *-commutativeN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)} + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right)\right) - t \]
                                8. lower-fma.f6499.3

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right)} - t \]
                                9. lift-+.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z}\right) - t \]
                                10. lift-log.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right)} + \log z\right) - t \]
                                11. lift-log.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log z}\right) - t \]
                                12. sum-logN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
                                13. lower-log.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
                                14. *-commutativeN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \log \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)}\right) - t \]
                                15. lower-*.f6499.5

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)}\right) - t \]
                                16. lift-+.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)}\right)\right) - t \]
                                17. +-commutativeN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right)\right) - t \]
                                18. lower-+.f6499.5

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right)\right) - t \]
                              4. Applied rewrites99.5%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right)\right) - t} \]

                              if 710 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z))

                              1. Initial program 99.8%

                                \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                              2. Add Preprocessing
                              3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                              4. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. associate-+r+N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} - t \]
                                2. associate--l+N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right)} \]
                                3. +-commutativeN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log z\right)} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                4. mul-1-negN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                5. log-recN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log y\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                6. remove-double-negN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log y} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                7. associate--l+N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                                8. associate-+r+N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
                                9. lower--.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                              5. Applied rewrites66.9%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
                              6. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                                \[\leadsto \left(\log y + a \cdot \log t\right) - t \]
                              7. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. Applied rewrites57.6%

                                  \[\leadsto \left(\log y + a \cdot \log t\right) - t \]
                              8. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                              9. Final simplification89.7%

                                \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log z + \log \left(y + x\right) \leq -800:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - \left(t - \log z\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\log z + \log \left(y + x\right) \leq 710:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot z\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log t \cdot a + \log y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
                              10. Add Preprocessing

                              Alternative 6: 63.2% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

                              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\ t_2 := \log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_2 \leq -800:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 - \left(t - \log z\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_2 \leq 710:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(t\_1 + \log y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                              (FPCore (x y z t a)
                               :precision binary64
                               (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) a)) (t_2 (+ (log z) (log (+ y x)))))
                                 (if (<= t_2 -800.0)
                                   (- t_1 (- t (log z)))
                                   (if (<= t_2 710.0)
                                     (- (+ (log (* z y)) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))) t)
                                     (- (+ t_1 (log y)) t)))))
                              double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                              	double t_1 = log(t) * a;
                              	double t_2 = log(z) + log((y + x));
                              	double tmp;
                              	if (t_2 <= -800.0) {
                              		tmp = t_1 - (t - log(z));
                              	} else if (t_2 <= 710.0) {
                              		tmp = (log((z * y)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t;
                              	} else {
                              		tmp = (t_1 + log(y)) - t;
                              	}
                              	return tmp;
                              }
                              
                              real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                  real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                  real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                  real(8), intent (in) :: z
                                  real(8), intent (in) :: t
                                  real(8), intent (in) :: a
                                  real(8) :: t_1
                                  real(8) :: t_2
                                  real(8) :: tmp
                                  t_1 = log(t) * a
                                  t_2 = log(z) + log((y + x))
                                  if (t_2 <= (-800.0d0)) then
                                      tmp = t_1 - (t - log(z))
                                  else if (t_2 <= 710.0d0) then
                                      tmp = (log((z * y)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))) - t
                                  else
                                      tmp = (t_1 + log(y)) - t
                                  end if
                                  code = tmp
                              end function
                              
                              public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                              	double t_1 = Math.log(t) * a;
                              	double t_2 = Math.log(z) + Math.log((y + x));
                              	double tmp;
                              	if (t_2 <= -800.0) {
                              		tmp = t_1 - (t - Math.log(z));
                              	} else if (t_2 <= 710.0) {
                              		tmp = (Math.log((z * y)) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t;
                              	} else {
                              		tmp = (t_1 + Math.log(y)) - t;
                              	}
                              	return tmp;
                              }
                              
                              def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                              	t_1 = math.log(t) * a
                              	t_2 = math.log(z) + math.log((y + x))
                              	tmp = 0
                              	if t_2 <= -800.0:
                              		tmp = t_1 - (t - math.log(z))
                              	elif t_2 <= 710.0:
                              		tmp = (math.log((z * y)) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t
                              	else:
                              		tmp = (t_1 + math.log(y)) - t
                              	return tmp
                              
                              function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                              	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * a)
                              	t_2 = Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(y + x)))
                              	tmp = 0.0
                              	if (t_2 <= -800.0)
                              		tmp = Float64(t_1 - Float64(t - log(z)));
                              	elseif (t_2 <= 710.0)
                              		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(Float64(z * y)) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))) - t);
                              	else
                              		tmp = Float64(Float64(t_1 + log(y)) - t);
                              	end
                              	return tmp
                              end
                              
                              function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                              	t_1 = log(t) * a;
                              	t_2 = log(z) + log((y + x));
                              	tmp = 0.0;
                              	if (t_2 <= -800.0)
                              		tmp = t_1 - (t - log(z));
                              	elseif (t_2 <= 710.0)
                              		tmp = (log((z * y)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t;
                              	else
                              		tmp = (t_1 + log(y)) - t;
                              	end
                              	tmp_2 = tmp;
                              end
                              
                              code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$2, -800.0], N[(t$95$1 - N[(t - N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$2, 710.0], N[(N[(N[Log[N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(t$95$1 + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
                              
                              \begin{array}{l}
                              
                              \\
                              \begin{array}{l}
                              t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\
                              t_2 := \log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\\
                              \mathbf{if}\;t\_2 \leq -800:\\
                              \;\;\;\;t\_1 - \left(t - \log z\right)\\
                              
                              \mathbf{elif}\;t\_2 \leq 710:\\
                              \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\
                              
                              \mathbf{else}:\\
                              \;\;\;\;\left(t\_1 + \log y\right) - t\\
                              
                              
                              \end{array}
                              \end{array}
                              
                              Derivation
                              1. Split input into 3 regimes
                              2. if (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < -800

                                1. Initial program 99.6%

                                  \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                2. Add Preprocessing
                                3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{{x}^{2}}{{y}^{2}} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \frac{x}{y}\right)\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                4. Applied rewrites50.6%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\frac{x}{y}}{y}, -0.5, \frac{1}{y}\right), x, \log y\right)\right) - \left(t - \log z\right)} \]
                                5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                                  \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - \left(\color{blue}{t} - \log z\right) \]
                                6. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. Applied rewrites86.4%

                                    \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - \left(\color{blue}{t} - \log z\right) \]

                                  if -800 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < 710

                                  1. Initial program 99.3%

                                    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                  2. Add Preprocessing
                                  3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. associate-+r+N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} - t \]
                                    2. associate--l+N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right)} \]
                                    3. +-commutativeN/A

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log z\right)} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                    4. mul-1-negN/A

                                      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                    5. log-recN/A

                                      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log y\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                    6. remove-double-negN/A

                                      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log y} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                    7. associate--l+N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                                    8. associate-+r+N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
                                    9. lower--.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                  5. Applied rewrites69.7%

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
                                  6. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. Applied rewrites65.8%

                                      \[\leadsto \left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t \]

                                    if 710 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z))

                                    1. Initial program 99.8%

                                      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                    2. Add Preprocessing
                                    3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                                      1. associate-+r+N/A

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} - t \]
                                      2. associate--l+N/A

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right)} \]
                                      3. +-commutativeN/A

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log z\right)} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                      4. mul-1-negN/A

                                        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                      5. log-recN/A

                                        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log y\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                      6. remove-double-negN/A

                                        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log y} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                      7. associate--l+N/A

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                                      8. associate-+r+N/A

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
                                      9. lower--.f64N/A

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                    5. Applied rewrites66.9%

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
                                    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                                      \[\leadsto \left(\log y + a \cdot \log t\right) - t \]
                                    7. Step-by-step derivation
                                      1. Applied rewrites57.6%

                                        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + a \cdot \log t\right) - t \]
                                    8. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                                    9. Final simplification65.0%

                                      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log z + \log \left(y + x\right) \leq -800:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - \left(t - \log z\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\log z + \log \left(y + x\right) \leq 710:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log t \cdot a + \log y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
                                    10. Add Preprocessing

                                    Alternative 7: 63.2% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

                                    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\ t_2 := \log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_2 \leq -800:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 - \left(t - \log z\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_2 \leq 710:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(t\_1 + \log y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                                    (FPCore (x y z t a)
                                     :precision binary64
                                     (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) a)) (t_2 (+ (log z) (log (+ y x)))))
                                       (if (<= t_2 -800.0)
                                         (- t_1 (- t (log z)))
                                         (if (<= t_2 710.0)
                                           (- (fma (- a 0.5) (log t) (log (* z y))) t)
                                           (- (+ t_1 (log y)) t)))))
                                    double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                    	double t_1 = log(t) * a;
                                    	double t_2 = log(z) + log((y + x));
                                    	double tmp;
                                    	if (t_2 <= -800.0) {
                                    		tmp = t_1 - (t - log(z));
                                    	} else if (t_2 <= 710.0) {
                                    		tmp = fma((a - 0.5), log(t), log((z * y))) - t;
                                    	} else {
                                    		tmp = (t_1 + log(y)) - t;
                                    	}
                                    	return tmp;
                                    }
                                    
                                    function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                    	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * a)
                                    	t_2 = Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(y + x)))
                                    	tmp = 0.0
                                    	if (t_2 <= -800.0)
                                    		tmp = Float64(t_1 - Float64(t - log(z)));
                                    	elseif (t_2 <= 710.0)
                                    		tmp = Float64(fma(Float64(a - 0.5), log(t), log(Float64(z * y))) - t);
                                    	else
                                    		tmp = Float64(Float64(t_1 + log(y)) - t);
                                    	end
                                    	return tmp
                                    end
                                    
                                    code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$2, -800.0], N[(t$95$1 - N[(t - N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$2, 710.0], N[(N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(t$95$1 + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
                                    
                                    \begin{array}{l}
                                    
                                    \\
                                    \begin{array}{l}
                                    t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\
                                    t_2 := \log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\\
                                    \mathbf{if}\;t\_2 \leq -800:\\
                                    \;\;\;\;t\_1 - \left(t - \log z\right)\\
                                    
                                    \mathbf{elif}\;t\_2 \leq 710:\\
                                    \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t\\
                                    
                                    \mathbf{else}:\\
                                    \;\;\;\;\left(t\_1 + \log y\right) - t\\
                                    
                                    
                                    \end{array}
                                    \end{array}
                                    
                                    Derivation
                                    1. Split input into 3 regimes
                                    2. if (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < -800

                                      1. Initial program 99.6%

                                        \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                      2. Add Preprocessing
                                      3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{{x}^{2}}{{y}^{2}} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \frac{x}{y}\right)\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                      4. Applied rewrites50.6%

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\frac{x}{y}}{y}, -0.5, \frac{1}{y}\right), x, \log y\right)\right) - \left(t - \log z\right)} \]
                                      5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                                        \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - \left(\color{blue}{t} - \log z\right) \]
                                      6. Step-by-step derivation
                                        1. Applied rewrites86.4%

                                          \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - \left(\color{blue}{t} - \log z\right) \]

                                        if -800 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < 710

                                        1. Initial program 99.3%

                                          \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                        2. Add Preprocessing
                                        3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                                          1. associate-+r+N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} - t \]
                                          2. associate--l+N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right)} \]
                                          3. +-commutativeN/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log z\right)} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                          4. mul-1-negN/A

                                            \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                          5. log-recN/A

                                            \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log y\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                          6. remove-double-negN/A

                                            \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log y} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                          7. associate--l+N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                                          8. associate-+r+N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
                                          9. lower--.f64N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                        5. Applied rewrites69.7%

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
                                        6. Step-by-step derivation
                                          1. Applied rewrites65.8%

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t} \]

                                          if 710 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z))

                                          1. Initial program 99.8%

                                            \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                          2. Add Preprocessing
                                          3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                          4. Step-by-step derivation
                                            1. associate-+r+N/A

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} - t \]
                                            2. associate--l+N/A

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right)} \]
                                            3. +-commutativeN/A

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log z\right)} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                            4. mul-1-negN/A

                                              \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                            5. log-recN/A

                                              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log y\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                            6. remove-double-negN/A

                                              \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log y} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                            7. associate--l+N/A

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                                            8. associate-+r+N/A

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
                                            9. lower--.f64N/A

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                          5. Applied rewrites66.9%

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
                                          6. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                                            \[\leadsto \left(\log y + a \cdot \log t\right) - t \]
                                          7. Step-by-step derivation
                                            1. Applied rewrites57.6%

                                              \[\leadsto \left(\log y + a \cdot \log t\right) - t \]
                                          8. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                                          9. Final simplification65.0%

                                            \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log z + \log \left(y + x\right) \leq -800:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - \left(t - \log z\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\log z + \log \left(y + x\right) \leq 710:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log t \cdot a + \log y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
                                          10. Add Preprocessing

                                          Alternative 8: 98.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

                                          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.245:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y + x\right)\right) + \log z\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                                          (FPCore (x y z t a)
                                           :precision binary64
                                           (if (<= t 0.245)
                                             (+ (fma (- a 0.5) (log t) (log (+ y x))) (log z))
                                             (+ (- t) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))))
                                          double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                          	double tmp;
                                          	if (t <= 0.245) {
                                          		tmp = fma((a - 0.5), log(t), log((y + x))) + log(z);
                                          	} else {
                                          		tmp = -t + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
                                          	}
                                          	return tmp;
                                          }
                                          
                                          function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                          	tmp = 0.0
                                          	if (t <= 0.245)
                                          		tmp = Float64(fma(Float64(a - 0.5), log(t), log(Float64(y + x))) + log(z));
                                          	else
                                          		tmp = Float64(Float64(-t) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)));
                                          	end
                                          	return tmp
                                          end
                                          
                                          code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 0.245], N[(N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[((-t) + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
                                          
                                          \begin{array}{l}
                                          
                                          \\
                                          \begin{array}{l}
                                          \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.245:\\
                                          \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y + x\right)\right) + \log z\\
                                          
                                          \mathbf{else}:\\
                                          \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\
                                          
                                          
                                          \end{array}
                                          \end{array}
                                          
                                          Derivation
                                          1. Split input into 2 regimes
                                          2. if t < 0.245

                                            1. Initial program 99.0%

                                              \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                            2. Add Preprocessing
                                            3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
                                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                                              1. +-commutativeN/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) + \log z} \]
                                              2. lower-+.f64N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) + \log z} \]
                                              3. +-commutativeN/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \log z \]
                                              4. *-commutativeN/A

                                                \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log z \]
                                              5. lower-fma.f64N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \log z \]
                                              6. lower--.f64N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{2}}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log z \]
                                              7. lower-log.f64N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log z \]
                                              8. lower-log.f64N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right)}\right) + \log z \]
                                              9. +-commutativeN/A

                                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) + \log z \]
                                              10. lower-+.f64N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) + \log z \]
                                              11. lower-log.f6498.0

                                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y + x\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\log z} \]
                                            5. Applied rewrites98.0%

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y + x\right)\right) + \log z} \]

                                            if 0.245 < t

                                            1. Initial program 99.9%

                                              \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                            2. Add Preprocessing
                                            3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                                              1. mul-1-negN/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)\right)} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                              2. lower-neg.f6499.1

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                            5. Applied rewrites99.1%

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                          3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                                          4. Final simplification98.5%

                                            \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.245:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y + x\right)\right) + \log z\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \]
                                          5. Add Preprocessing

                                          Alternative 9: 80.2% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

                                          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.245:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right) + \log y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                                          (FPCore (x y z t a)
                                           :precision binary64
                                           (if (<= t 0.245)
                                             (+ (fma (- a 0.5) (log t) (log z)) (log y))
                                             (+ (- t) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))))
                                          double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                          	double tmp;
                                          	if (t <= 0.245) {
                                          		tmp = fma((a - 0.5), log(t), log(z)) + log(y);
                                          	} else {
                                          		tmp = -t + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
                                          	}
                                          	return tmp;
                                          }
                                          
                                          function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                          	tmp = 0.0
                                          	if (t <= 0.245)
                                          		tmp = Float64(fma(Float64(a - 0.5), log(t), log(z)) + log(y));
                                          	else
                                          		tmp = Float64(Float64(-t) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)));
                                          	end
                                          	return tmp
                                          end
                                          
                                          code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 0.245], N[(N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[((-t) + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
                                          
                                          \begin{array}{l}
                                          
                                          \\
                                          \begin{array}{l}
                                          \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.245:\\
                                          \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right) + \log y\\
                                          
                                          \mathbf{else}:\\
                                          \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\
                                          
                                          
                                          \end{array}
                                          \end{array}
                                          
                                          Derivation
                                          1. Split input into 2 regimes
                                          2. if t < 0.245

                                            1. Initial program 99.0%

                                              \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                            2. Add Preprocessing
                                            3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                                              1. associate-+r+N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} - t \]
                                              2. associate--l+N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right)} \]
                                              3. +-commutativeN/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log z\right)} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                              4. mul-1-negN/A

                                                \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                              5. log-recN/A

                                                \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log y\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                              6. remove-double-negN/A

                                                \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log y} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                              7. associate--l+N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                                              8. associate-+r+N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
                                              9. lower--.f64N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                            5. Applied rewrites60.1%

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
                                            6. Taylor expanded in t around 0

                                              \[\leadsto \log y + \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
                                            7. Step-by-step derivation
                                              1. Applied rewrites59.5%

                                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right) + \color{blue}{\log y} \]

                                              if 0.245 < t

                                              1. Initial program 99.9%

                                                \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                              2. Add Preprocessing
                                              3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                              4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                1. mul-1-negN/A

                                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)\right)} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                                2. lower-neg.f6499.1

                                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                              5. Applied rewrites99.1%

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                            8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                                            9. Final simplification78.6%

                                              \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 0.245:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right) + \log y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \]
                                            10. Add Preprocessing

                                            Alternative 10: 68.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

                                            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log y + \log z\right) - t \end{array} \]
                                            (FPCore (x y z t a)
                                             :precision binary64
                                             (- (fma (- a 0.5) (log t) (+ (log y) (log z))) t))
                                            double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                            	return fma((a - 0.5), log(t), (log(y) + log(z))) - t;
                                            }
                                            
                                            function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                            	return Float64(fma(Float64(a - 0.5), log(t), Float64(log(y) + log(z))) - t)
                                            end
                                            
                                            code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
                                            
                                            \begin{array}{l}
                                            
                                            \\
                                            \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log y + \log z\right) - t
                                            \end{array}
                                            
                                            Derivation
                                            1. Initial program 99.4%

                                              \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                            2. Add Preprocessing
                                            3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                                              1. associate-+r+N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} - t \]
                                              2. associate--l+N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right)} \]
                                              3. +-commutativeN/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log z\right)} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                              4. mul-1-negN/A

                                                \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                              5. log-recN/A

                                                \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log y\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                              6. remove-double-negN/A

                                                \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log y} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                              7. associate--l+N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                                              8. associate-+r+N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
                                              9. lower--.f64N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                            5. Applied rewrites68.3%

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
                                            6. Step-by-step derivation
                                              1. Applied rewrites52.5%

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t} \]
                                              2. Step-by-step derivation
                                                1. Applied rewrites68.3%

                                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z + \log y\right) - t \]
                                                2. Final simplification68.3%

                                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log y + \log z\right) - t \]
                                                3. Add Preprocessing

                                                Alternative 11: 68.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

                                                \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right) + \log y\right) - t \end{array} \]
                                                (FPCore (x y z t a)
                                                 :precision binary64
                                                 (- (+ (fma (- a 0.5) (log t) (log z)) (log y)) t))
                                                double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                                	return (fma((a - 0.5), log(t), log(z)) + log(y)) - t;
                                                }
                                                
                                                function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                	return Float64(Float64(fma(Float64(a - 0.5), log(t), log(z)) + log(y)) - t)
                                                end
                                                
                                                code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
                                                
                                                \begin{array}{l}
                                                
                                                \\
                                                \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right) + \log y\right) - t
                                                \end{array}
                                                
                                                Derivation
                                                1. Initial program 99.4%

                                                  \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                                2. Add Preprocessing
                                                3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                                4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                  1. associate-+r+N/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} - t \]
                                                  2. associate--l+N/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right)} \]
                                                  3. +-commutativeN/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log z\right)} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                                  4. mul-1-negN/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                                  5. log-recN/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log y\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                                  6. remove-double-negN/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log y} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                                  7. associate--l+N/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                                                  8. associate-+r+N/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
                                                  9. lower--.f64N/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                                5. Applied rewrites68.3%

                                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
                                                6. Final simplification68.3%

                                                  \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right) + \log y\right) - t \]
                                                7. Add Preprocessing

                                                Alternative 12: 61.2% accurate, 2.6× speedup?

                                                \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{if}\;a - 0.5 \leq -2 \cdot 10^{+19}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a - 0.5 \leq -0.4:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                                                (FPCore (x y z t a)
                                                 :precision binary64
                                                 (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) a)))
                                                   (if (<= (- a 0.5) -2e+19) t_1 (if (<= (- a 0.5) -0.4) (- t) t_1))))
                                                double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                                	double t_1 = log(t) * a;
                                                	double tmp;
                                                	if ((a - 0.5) <= -2e+19) {
                                                		tmp = t_1;
                                                	} else if ((a - 0.5) <= -0.4) {
                                                		tmp = -t;
                                                	} else {
                                                		tmp = t_1;
                                                	}
                                                	return tmp;
                                                }
                                                
                                                real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: z
                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: t
                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: a
                                                    real(8) :: t_1
                                                    real(8) :: tmp
                                                    t_1 = log(t) * a
                                                    if ((a - 0.5d0) <= (-2d+19)) then
                                                        tmp = t_1
                                                    else if ((a - 0.5d0) <= (-0.4d0)) then
                                                        tmp = -t
                                                    else
                                                        tmp = t_1
                                                    end if
                                                    code = tmp
                                                end function
                                                
                                                public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                                	double t_1 = Math.log(t) * a;
                                                	double tmp;
                                                	if ((a - 0.5) <= -2e+19) {
                                                		tmp = t_1;
                                                	} else if ((a - 0.5) <= -0.4) {
                                                		tmp = -t;
                                                	} else {
                                                		tmp = t_1;
                                                	}
                                                	return tmp;
                                                }
                                                
                                                def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                                                	t_1 = math.log(t) * a
                                                	tmp = 0
                                                	if (a - 0.5) <= -2e+19:
                                                		tmp = t_1
                                                	elif (a - 0.5) <= -0.4:
                                                		tmp = -t
                                                	else:
                                                		tmp = t_1
                                                	return tmp
                                                
                                                function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * a)
                                                	tmp = 0.0
                                                	if (Float64(a - 0.5) <= -2e+19)
                                                		tmp = t_1;
                                                	elseif (Float64(a - 0.5) <= -0.4)
                                                		tmp = Float64(-t);
                                                	else
                                                		tmp = t_1;
                                                	end
                                                	return tmp
                                                end
                                                
                                                function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                	t_1 = log(t) * a;
                                                	tmp = 0.0;
                                                	if ((a - 0.5) <= -2e+19)
                                                		tmp = t_1;
                                                	elseif ((a - 0.5) <= -0.4)
                                                		tmp = -t;
                                                	else
                                                		tmp = t_1;
                                                	end
                                                	tmp_2 = tmp;
                                                end
                                                
                                                code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision], -2e+19], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision], -0.4], (-t), t$95$1]]]
                                                
                                                \begin{array}{l}
                                                
                                                \\
                                                \begin{array}{l}
                                                t_1 := \log t \cdot a\\
                                                \mathbf{if}\;a - 0.5 \leq -2 \cdot 10^{+19}:\\
                                                \;\;\;\;t\_1\\
                                                
                                                \mathbf{elif}\;a - 0.5 \leq -0.4:\\
                                                \;\;\;\;-t\\
                                                
                                                \mathbf{else}:\\
                                                \;\;\;\;t\_1\\
                                                
                                                
                                                \end{array}
                                                \end{array}
                                                
                                                Derivation
                                                1. Split input into 2 regimes
                                                2. if (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) < -2e19 or -0.40000000000000002 < (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64))

                                                  1. Initial program 99.7%

                                                    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                                  2. Add Preprocessing
                                                  3. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
                                                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                    1. lower-*.f64N/A

                                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
                                                    2. lower-log.f6480.1

                                                      \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{\log t} \]
                                                  5. Applied rewrites80.1%

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]

                                                  if -2e19 < (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) < -0.40000000000000002

                                                  1. Initial program 99.2%

                                                    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                                  2. Add Preprocessing
                                                  3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
                                                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                    1. mul-1-negN/A

                                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)} \]
                                                    2. lower-neg.f6448.2

                                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
                                                  5. Applied rewrites48.2%

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
                                                3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                                                4. Final simplification62.6%

                                                  \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a - 0.5 \leq -2 \cdot 10^{+19}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a - 0.5 \leq -0.4:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \end{array} \]
                                                5. Add Preprocessing

                                                Alternative 13: 76.6% accurate, 2.8× speedup?

                                                \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
                                                (FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (+ (- t) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
                                                double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                                	return -t + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
                                                }
                                                
                                                real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: z
                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: t
                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: a
                                                    code = -t + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))
                                                end function
                                                
                                                public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                                	return -t + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5));
                                                }
                                                
                                                def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                                                	return -t + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))
                                                
                                                function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                	return Float64(Float64(-t) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)))
                                                end
                                                
                                                function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                	tmp = -t + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
                                                end
                                                
                                                code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[((-t) + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                                                
                                                \begin{array}{l}
                                                
                                                \\
                                                \left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)
                                                \end{array}
                                                
                                                Derivation
                                                1. Initial program 99.4%

                                                  \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                                2. Add Preprocessing
                                                3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

                                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                                4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                  1. mul-1-negN/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)\right)} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                                  2. lower-neg.f6474.5

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                                5. Applied rewrites74.5%

                                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                                6. Final simplification74.5%

                                                  \[\leadsto \left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \]
                                                7. Add Preprocessing

                                                Alternative 14: 73.9% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

                                                \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log t \cdot a - t \end{array} \]
                                                (FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- (* (log t) a) t))
                                                double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                                	return (log(t) * a) - t;
                                                }
                                                
                                                real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: z
                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: t
                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: a
                                                    code = (log(t) * a) - t
                                                end function
                                                
                                                public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                                	return (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
                                                }
                                                
                                                def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                                                	return (math.log(t) * a) - t
                                                
                                                function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                	return Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t)
                                                end
                                                
                                                function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                	tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
                                                end
                                                
                                                code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
                                                
                                                \begin{array}{l}
                                                
                                                \\
                                                \log t \cdot a - t
                                                \end{array}
                                                
                                                Derivation
                                                1. Initial program 99.4%

                                                  \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                                2. Add Preprocessing
                                                3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                                4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                  1. associate-+r+N/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} - t \]
                                                  2. associate--l+N/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + -1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right)} \]
                                                  3. +-commutativeN/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log z\right)} + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                                  4. mul-1-negN/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                                  5. log-recN/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log y\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                                  6. remove-double-negN/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log y} + \log z\right) + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) - t\right) \]
                                                  7. associate--l+N/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                                                  8. associate-+r+N/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
                                                  9. lower--.f64N/A

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
                                                5. Applied rewrites68.3%

                                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
                                                6. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                                                  \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - t \]
                                                7. Step-by-step derivation
                                                  1. Applied rewrites71.2%

                                                    \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - t \]
                                                  2. Final simplification71.2%

                                                    \[\leadsto \log t \cdot a - t \]
                                                  3. Add Preprocessing

                                                  Alternative 15: 37.9% accurate, 107.0× speedup?

                                                  \[\begin{array}{l} \\ -t \end{array} \]
                                                  (FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- t))
                                                  double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                                  	return -t;
                                                  }
                                                  
                                                  real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: z
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: t
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: a
                                                      code = -t
                                                  end function
                                                  
                                                  public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                                  	return -t;
                                                  }
                                                  
                                                  def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                                                  	return -t
                                                  
                                                  function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                  	return Float64(-t)
                                                  end
                                                  
                                                  function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                  	tmp = -t;
                                                  end
                                                  
                                                  code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := (-t)
                                                  
                                                  \begin{array}{l}
                                                  
                                                  \\
                                                  -t
                                                  \end{array}
                                                  
                                                  Derivation
                                                  1. Initial program 99.4%

                                                    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                                                  2. Add Preprocessing
                                                  3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
                                                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                    1. mul-1-negN/A

                                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)} \]
                                                    2. lower-neg.f6435.2

                                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
                                                  5. Applied rewrites35.2%

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
                                                  6. Add Preprocessing

                                                  Developer Target 1: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

                                                  \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \end{array} \]
                                                  (FPCore (x y z t a)
                                                   :precision binary64
                                                   (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))))
                                                  double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                                  	return log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
                                                  }
                                                  
                                                  real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: z
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: t
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: a
                                                      code = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t)))
                                                  end function
                                                  
                                                  public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                                  	return Math.log((x + y)) + ((Math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t)));
                                                  }
                                                  
                                                  def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                                                  	return math.log((x + y)) + ((math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t)))
                                                  
                                                  function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                  	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t))))
                                                  end
                                                  
                                                  function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                                  	tmp = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
                                                  end
                                                  
                                                  code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                                                  
                                                  \begin{array}{l}
                                                  
                                                  \\
                                                  \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)
                                                  \end{array}
                                                  

                                                  Reproduce

                                                  ?
                                                  herbie shell --seed 2024243 
                                                  (FPCore (x y z t a)
                                                    :name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2"
                                                    :precision binary64
                                                  
                                                    :alt
                                                    (! :herbie-platform default (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 1/2) (log t)))))
                                                  
                                                    (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))