Destination given bearing on a great circle

Percentage Accurate: 99.8% → 99.8%
Time: 19.2s
Alternatives: 13
Speedup: N/A×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (*
     (sin phi1)
     (sin
      (asin
       (+
        (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))
        (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))))
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - (Math.sin(phi1) * Math.sin(Math.asin(((Math.sin(phi1) * Math.cos(delta)) + ((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(theta))))))));
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - (math.sin(phi1) * math.sin(math.asin(((math.sin(phi1) * math.cos(delta)) + ((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(theta))))))))
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))))))))
end
function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 13 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (*
     (sin phi1)
     (sin
      (asin
       (+
        (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))
        (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))))
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - (Math.sin(phi1) * Math.sin(Math.asin(((Math.sin(phi1) * Math.cos(delta)) + ((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(theta))))))));
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - (math.sin(phi1) * math.sin(math.asin(((math.sin(phi1) * math.cos(delta)) + ((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(theta))))))))
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))))))))
end
function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.8% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-{\sin \phi_1}^{2}, \cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (cos phi1) (* (sin theta) (sin delta)))
   (fma
    (- (pow (sin phi1) 2.0))
    (cos delta)
    (fma
     (* (cos phi1) (* (sin delta) (cos theta)))
     (- (sin phi1))
     (cos delta))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2((cos(phi1) * (sin(theta) * sin(delta))), fma(-pow(sin(phi1), 2.0), cos(delta), fma((cos(phi1) * (sin(delta) * cos(theta))), -sin(phi1), cos(delta))));
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(cos(phi1) * Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta))), fma(Float64(-(sin(phi1) ^ 2.0)), cos(delta), fma(Float64(cos(phi1) * Float64(sin(delta) * cos(theta))), Float64(-sin(phi1)), cos(delta)))))
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[((-N[Power[N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]) * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]) + N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-{\sin \phi_1}^{2}, \cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    2. sub-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    3. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)\right)\right) + \cos delta}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.7%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in phi1 around inf

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-1 \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}, \cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right), \mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right), \cos delta\right)\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left({\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)}, \cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right), \mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right), \cos delta\right)\right)} \]
    2. lower-neg.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left({\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)}, \cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right), \mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right), \cos delta\right)\right)} \]
    3. lower-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}\right), \cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right), \mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right), \cos delta\right)\right)} \]
    4. lower-sin.f6499.7

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-{\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}}^{2}, \cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)\right)} \]
  7. Applied rewrites99.7%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}, \cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)\right)} \]
  8. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-{\sin \phi_1}^{2}, \cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)\right)} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 96.1% accurate, 0.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\\ t_2 := \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\\ t_3 := \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(t\_1 + \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_3 \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_3 \leq 5:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1, \sin delta \cdot \cos theta, t\_1\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (sin phi1) (cos delta)))
        (t_2 (* (cos phi1) (* (sin theta) (sin delta))))
        (t_3
         (+
          lambda1
          (atan2
           t_2
           (-
            (cos delta)
            (*
             (sin phi1)
             (sin
              (asin (+ t_1 (* (cos theta) (* (sin delta) (cos phi1))))))))))))
   (if (<= t_3 5e-15)
     (+
      lambda1
      (atan2
       t_2
       (-
        (cos delta)
        (fma
         (cos delta)
         (fma -0.5 (cos (* phi1 2.0)) 0.5)
         (* (sin delta) (* (cos phi1) (sin phi1)))))))
     (if (<= t_3 5.0)
       (atan2
        t_2
        (-
         (cos delta)
         (* (sin phi1) (fma (cos phi1) (* (sin delta) (cos theta)) t_1))))
       (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* theta (sin delta)) (cos delta)))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double t_1 = sin(phi1) * cos(delta);
	double t_2 = cos(phi1) * (sin(theta) * sin(delta));
	double t_3 = lambda1 + atan2(t_2, (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin((t_1 + (cos(theta) * (sin(delta) * cos(phi1)))))))));
	double tmp;
	if (t_3 <= 5e-15) {
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(t_2, (cos(delta) - fma(cos(delta), fma(-0.5, cos((phi1 * 2.0)), 0.5), (sin(delta) * (cos(phi1) * sin(phi1))))));
	} else if (t_3 <= 5.0) {
		tmp = atan2(t_2, (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * fma(cos(phi1), (sin(delta) * cos(theta)), t_1))));
	} else {
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((theta * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	t_1 = Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta))
	t_2 = Float64(cos(phi1) * Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)))
	t_3 = Float64(lambda1 + atan(t_2, Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(t_1 + Float64(cos(theta) * Float64(sin(delta) * cos(phi1))))))))))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_3 <= 5e-15)
		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(t_2, Float64(cos(delta) - fma(cos(delta), fma(-0.5, cos(Float64(phi1 * 2.0)), 0.5), Float64(sin(delta) * Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(phi1)))))));
	elseif (t_3 <= 5.0)
		tmp = atan(t_2, Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * fma(cos(phi1), Float64(sin(delta) * cos(theta)), t_1))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(theta * sin(delta)), cos(delta)));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[t$95$2 / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(t$95$1 + N[(N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$3, 5e-15], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[t$95$2 / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.5 * N[Cos[N[(phi1 * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$3, 5.0], N[ArcTan[t$95$2 / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(theta * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\\
t_2 := \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\\
t_3 := \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(t\_1 + \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)}\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_3 \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\
\;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;t\_3 \leq 5:\\
\;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1, \sin delta \cdot \cos theta, t\_1\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if (+.f64 lambda1 (atan2.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 theta) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 phi1)) (-.f64 (cos.f64 delta) (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 (asin.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (cos.f64 delta)) (*.f64 (*.f64 (cos.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 theta))))))))) < 4.99999999999999999e-15

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      3. lift-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      4. lift-asin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      5. sin-asinN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      6. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      7. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]
      8. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
      9. associate--r+N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.6%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \cos delta}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
      2. lower-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta} - \left(\cos delta \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
      3. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
      4. lower-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos delta}, \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
      5. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right)\right)}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
      6. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2}}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
      7. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)} + \frac{1}{2}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
      8. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2}} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right) + \frac{1}{2}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
      9. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right), \frac{1}{2}\right)}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
      10. lower-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
      11. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
      12. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
      13. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}\right)} \]
      14. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
      15. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
      16. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
      17. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
      18. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
      19. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
      20. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1} \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
      21. lower-cos.f6496.1

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}\right)\right)} \]
    7. Applied rewrites96.1%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]

    if 4.99999999999999999e-15 < (+.f64 lambda1 (atan2.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 theta) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 phi1)) (-.f64 (cos.f64 delta) (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 (asin.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (cos.f64 delta)) (*.f64 (*.f64 (cos.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 theta))))))))) < 5

    1. Initial program 99.1%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-cos.f6460.0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites60.0%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
      2. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
      3. lower-sin.f6453.2

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
    8. Applied rewrites53.2%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta}} \]
      2. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1} \]
      3. flip-+N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \cdot \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} - \lambda_1 \cdot \lambda_1}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} - \lambda_1}} \]
    10. Applied rewrites53.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta}}^{2} - \lambda_1 \cdot \lambda_1}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} - \lambda_1}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in lambda1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)\right)}} \]
      2. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)}} \]
      3. lower-atan2.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)}} \]
      4. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)} \]
      5. lower-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1} \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)} \]
      6. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)} \]
      7. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)} \]
      8. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}\right)}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)} \]
      9. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    13. Applied rewrites99.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1, \sin delta \cdot \cos theta, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]

    if 5 < (+.f64 lambda1 (atan2.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 theta) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 phi1)) (-.f64 (cos.f64 delta) (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 (asin.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (cos.f64 delta)) (*.f64 (*.f64 (cos.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 theta)))))))))

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-cos.f64100.0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites100.0%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
      2. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
      3. lower-sin.f64100.0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
    8. Applied rewrites100.0%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites100.0%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
    11. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
    12. Final simplification97.0%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)} \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)} \leq 5:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1, \sin delta \cdot \cos theta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \]
    13. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 3: 96.1% accurate, 0.4× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\\ t_2 := \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\\ t_3 := \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + t\_2\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_3 \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_3 \leq 5:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \sin \phi_1, t\_2\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
     :precision binary64
     (let* ((t_1 (* (cos phi1) (* (sin theta) (sin delta))))
            (t_2 (* (cos theta) (* (sin delta) (cos phi1))))
            (t_3
             (+
              lambda1
              (atan2
               t_1
               (-
                (cos delta)
                (* (sin phi1) (sin (asin (+ (* (sin phi1) (cos delta)) t_2)))))))))
       (if (<= t_3 5e-15)
         (+
          lambda1
          (atan2
           t_1
           (-
            (cos delta)
            (fma
             (cos delta)
             (fma -0.5 (cos (* phi1 2.0)) 0.5)
             (* (sin delta) (* (cos phi1) (sin phi1)))))))
         (if (<= t_3 5.0)
           (atan2
            (* (sin delta) (* (sin theta) (cos phi1)))
            (fma (fma (cos delta) (sin phi1) t_2) (- (sin phi1)) (cos delta)))
           (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* theta (sin delta)) (cos delta)))))))
    double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
    	double t_1 = cos(phi1) * (sin(theta) * sin(delta));
    	double t_2 = cos(theta) * (sin(delta) * cos(phi1));
    	double t_3 = lambda1 + atan2(t_1, (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + t_2))))));
    	double tmp;
    	if (t_3 <= 5e-15) {
    		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(t_1, (cos(delta) - fma(cos(delta), fma(-0.5, cos((phi1 * 2.0)), 0.5), (sin(delta) * (cos(phi1) * sin(phi1))))));
    	} else if (t_3 <= 5.0) {
    		tmp = atan2((sin(delta) * (sin(theta) * cos(phi1))), fma(fma(cos(delta), sin(phi1), t_2), -sin(phi1), cos(delta)));
    	} else {
    		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((theta * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    	t_1 = Float64(cos(phi1) * Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)))
    	t_2 = Float64(cos(theta) * Float64(sin(delta) * cos(phi1)))
    	t_3 = Float64(lambda1 + atan(t_1, Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + t_2)))))))
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (t_3 <= 5e-15)
    		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(t_1, Float64(cos(delta) - fma(cos(delta), fma(-0.5, cos(Float64(phi1 * 2.0)), 0.5), Float64(sin(delta) * Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(phi1)))))));
    	elseif (t_3 <= 5.0)
    		tmp = atan(Float64(sin(delta) * Float64(sin(theta) * cos(phi1))), fma(fma(cos(delta), sin(phi1), t_2), Float64(-sin(phi1)), cos(delta)));
    	else
    		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(theta * sin(delta)), cos(delta)));
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[t$95$1 / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$2), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$3, 5e-15], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[t$95$1 / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.5 * N[Cos[N[(phi1 * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$3, 5.0], N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] + t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]) + N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(theta * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_1 := \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\\
    t_2 := \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\\
    t_3 := \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + t\_2\right)}\\
    \mathbf{if}\;t\_3 \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\
    \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}\\
    
    \mathbf{elif}\;t\_3 \leq 5:\\
    \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \sin \phi_1, t\_2\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 3 regimes
    2. if (+.f64 lambda1 (atan2.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 theta) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 phi1)) (-.f64 (cos.f64 delta) (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 (asin.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (cos.f64 delta)) (*.f64 (*.f64 (cos.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 theta))))))))) < 4.99999999999999999e-15

      1. Initial program 99.7%

        \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
        2. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
        3. lift-sin.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
        4. lift-asin.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
        5. sin-asinN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
        6. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
        7. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]
        8. distribute-rgt-inN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
        9. associate--r+N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
      4. Applied rewrites99.6%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \cos delta}} \]
      5. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
        2. lower-cos.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta} - \left(\cos delta \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
        3. lower-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
        4. lower-cos.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos delta}, \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
        5. sub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right)\right)}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
        6. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2}}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
        7. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)} + \frac{1}{2}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
        8. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2}} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right) + \frac{1}{2}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
        9. lower-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right), \frac{1}{2}\right)}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
        10. lower-cos.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
        11. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
        12. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
        13. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}\right)} \]
        14. associate-*l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
        15. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
        16. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
        17. lower-sin.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
        18. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
        19. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
        20. lower-sin.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1} \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
        21. lower-cos.f6496.1

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}\right)\right)} \]
      7. Applied rewrites96.1%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]

      if 4.99999999999999999e-15 < (+.f64 lambda1 (atan2.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 theta) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 phi1)) (-.f64 (cos.f64 delta) (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 (asin.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (cos.f64 delta)) (*.f64 (*.f64 (cos.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 theta))))))))) < 5

      1. Initial program 99.1%

        \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
        2. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} + \lambda_1} \]
        3. flip-+N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \cdot \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} - \lambda_1 \cdot \lambda_1}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} - \lambda_1}} \]
      4. Applied rewrites98.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right)\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}}^{2} - \lambda_1 \cdot \lambda_1}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right)\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} - \lambda_1}} \]
      5. Taylor expanded in lambda1 around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)}} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-atan2.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)}} \]
        2. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)} \]
        3. associate-*l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)} \]
        4. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right)}}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)} \]
        5. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right)}}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)} \]
        6. lower-sin.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)} \]
        7. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right)}}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)} \]
        8. lower-cos.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1} \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)} \]
        9. lower-sin.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}\right)}{\cos delta + -1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)} \]
        10. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right) + \cos delta}} \]
      7. Applied rewrites98.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]

      if 5 < (+.f64 lambda1 (atan2.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 theta) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 phi1)) (-.f64 (cos.f64 delta) (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 (asin.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (cos.f64 delta)) (*.f64 (*.f64 (cos.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 theta)))))))))

      1. Initial program 100.0%

        \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-cos.f64100.0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      5. Applied rewrites100.0%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
        2. lower-sin.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
        3. lower-sin.f64100.0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
      8. Applied rewrites100.0%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
      9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      10. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites100.0%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      11. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
      12. Final simplification97.0%

        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)} \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)} \leq 5:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \]
      13. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 4: 96.1% accurate, 0.4× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\\ t_2 := \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\\ t_3 := \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\\ t_4 := \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(t\_1 + \cos theta \cdot t\_3\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_4 \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_4 \leq 5:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, t\_3, t\_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
       :precision binary64
       (let* ((t_1 (* (sin phi1) (cos delta)))
              (t_2 (* (cos phi1) (* (sin theta) (sin delta))))
              (t_3 (* (sin delta) (cos phi1)))
              (t_4
               (+
                lambda1
                (atan2
                 t_2
                 (-
                  (cos delta)
                  (* (sin phi1) (sin (asin (+ t_1 (* (cos theta) t_3))))))))))
         (if (<= t_4 5e-15)
           (+
            lambda1
            (atan2
             t_2
             (-
              (cos delta)
              (fma
               (cos delta)
               (fma -0.5 (cos (* phi1 2.0)) 0.5)
               (* (sin delta) (* (cos phi1) (sin phi1)))))))
           (if (<= t_4 5.0)
             (atan2
              (* (sin delta) (* (sin theta) (cos phi1)))
              (fma (fma (cos theta) t_3 t_1) (- (sin phi1)) (cos delta)))
             (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* theta (sin delta)) (cos delta)))))))
      double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	double t_1 = sin(phi1) * cos(delta);
      	double t_2 = cos(phi1) * (sin(theta) * sin(delta));
      	double t_3 = sin(delta) * cos(phi1);
      	double t_4 = lambda1 + atan2(t_2, (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin((t_1 + (cos(theta) * t_3)))))));
      	double tmp;
      	if (t_4 <= 5e-15) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(t_2, (cos(delta) - fma(cos(delta), fma(-0.5, cos((phi1 * 2.0)), 0.5), (sin(delta) * (cos(phi1) * sin(phi1))))));
      	} else if (t_4 <= 5.0) {
      		tmp = atan2((sin(delta) * (sin(theta) * cos(phi1))), fma(fma(cos(theta), t_3, t_1), -sin(phi1), cos(delta)));
      	} else {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((theta * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	t_1 = Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta))
      	t_2 = Float64(cos(phi1) * Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)))
      	t_3 = Float64(sin(delta) * cos(phi1))
      	t_4 = Float64(lambda1 + atan(t_2, Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(t_1 + Float64(cos(theta) * t_3))))))))
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if (t_4 <= 5e-15)
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(t_2, Float64(cos(delta) - fma(cos(delta), fma(-0.5, cos(Float64(phi1 * 2.0)), 0.5), Float64(sin(delta) * Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(phi1)))))));
      	elseif (t_4 <= 5.0)
      		tmp = atan(Float64(sin(delta) * Float64(sin(theta) * cos(phi1))), fma(fma(cos(theta), t_3, t_1), Float64(-sin(phi1)), cos(delta)));
      	else
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(theta * sin(delta)), cos(delta)));
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$4 = N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[t$95$2 / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(t$95$1 + N[(N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] * t$95$3), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$4, 5e-15], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[t$95$2 / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.5 * N[Cos[N[(phi1 * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$4, 5.0], N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] * t$95$3 + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]) + N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(theta * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      t_1 := \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\\
      t_2 := \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\\
      t_3 := \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\\
      t_4 := \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(t\_1 + \cos theta \cdot t\_3\right)}\\
      \mathbf{if}\;t\_4 \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}\\
      
      \mathbf{elif}\;t\_4 \leq 5:\\
      \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, t\_3, t\_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 3 regimes
      2. if (+.f64 lambda1 (atan2.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 theta) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 phi1)) (-.f64 (cos.f64 delta) (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 (asin.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (cos.f64 delta)) (*.f64 (*.f64 (cos.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 theta))))))))) < 4.99999999999999999e-15

        1. Initial program 99.7%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          2. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          3. lift-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          4. lift-asin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          5. sin-asinN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          6. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          7. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]
          8. distribute-rgt-inN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
          9. associate--r+N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
        4. Applied rewrites99.6%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \cos delta}} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
          2. lower-cos.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta} - \left(\cos delta \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          3. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
          4. lower-cos.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos delta}, \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          5. sub-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right)\right)}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          6. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2}}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          7. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)} + \frac{1}{2}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          8. metadata-evalN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2}} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right) + \frac{1}{2}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          9. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right), \frac{1}{2}\right)}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          10. lower-cos.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          11. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          12. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          13. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}\right)} \]
          14. associate-*l*N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
          15. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
          16. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
          17. lower-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          18. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
          19. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
          20. lower-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1} \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          21. lower-cos.f6496.1

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}\right)\right)} \]
        7. Applied rewrites96.1%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]

        if 4.99999999999999999e-15 < (+.f64 lambda1 (atan2.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 theta) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 phi1)) (-.f64 (cos.f64 delta) (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 (asin.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (cos.f64 delta)) (*.f64 (*.f64 (cos.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 theta))))))))) < 5

        1. Initial program 99.1%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in lambda1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-atan2.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)}} \]
          2. associate-*r*N/A

            \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \]
          3. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \]
          4. associate-*l*N/A

            \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right)}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \]
          5. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right)}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \]
          6. lower-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \]
          7. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right)}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \]
          8. lower-cos.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1} \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \]
          9. lower-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \]
          10. sub-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)\right)}} \]
          11. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)\right) + \cos delta}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites98.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]

        if 5 < (+.f64 lambda1 (atan2.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 theta) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 phi1)) (-.f64 (cos.f64 delta) (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 (asin.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (cos.f64 delta)) (*.f64 (*.f64 (cos.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 theta)))))))))

        1. Initial program 100.0%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-cos.f64100.0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites100.0%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
        7. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
          2. lower-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
          3. lower-sin.f64100.0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
        8. Applied rewrites100.0%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
        9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        10. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites100.0%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        11. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
        12. Final simplification97.0%

          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)} \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)} \leq 5:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \]
        13. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 5: 99.8% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
         :precision binary64
         (+
          lambda1
          (atan2
           (* (cos phi1) (* (sin theta) (sin delta)))
           (-
            (cos delta)
            (*
             (sin phi1)
             (fma
              (cos theta)
              (* (sin delta) (cos phi1))
              (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))))))))
        double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	return lambda1 + atan2((cos(phi1) * (sin(theta) * sin(delta))), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * fma(cos(theta), (sin(delta) * cos(phi1)), (sin(phi1) * cos(delta))))));
        }
        
        function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(cos(phi1) * Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta))), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * fma(cos(theta), Float64(sin(delta) * cos(phi1)), Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)))))))
        end
        
        code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 99.7%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around inf

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)}} \]
          2. lower-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1} \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \]
          3. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right) + \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
          4. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1} + \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
          5. associate-*l*N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} + \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
          6. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)} + \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
          7. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
          8. lower-cos.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos theta}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
          9. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1}, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
          10. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1}, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
          11. lower-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
          12. lower-cos.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
          13. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1}\right)} \]
          14. lower-cos.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{\cos delta} \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
          15. lower-sin.f6499.7

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}\right)} \]
        5. Applied rewrites99.7%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
        6. Final simplification99.7%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
        7. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 6: 94.9% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
         :precision binary64
         (+
          lambda1
          (atan2
           (* (cos phi1) (* (sin theta) (sin delta)))
           (-
            (cos delta)
            (fma
             (cos delta)
             (fma -0.5 (cos (* phi1 2.0)) 0.5)
             (* (sin delta) (* (cos phi1) (sin phi1))))))))
        double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	return lambda1 + atan2((cos(phi1) * (sin(theta) * sin(delta))), (cos(delta) - fma(cos(delta), fma(-0.5, cos((phi1 * 2.0)), 0.5), (sin(delta) * (cos(phi1) * sin(phi1))))));
        }
        
        function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(cos(phi1) * Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta))), Float64(cos(delta) - fma(cos(delta), fma(-0.5, cos(Float64(phi1 * 2.0)), 0.5), Float64(sin(delta) * Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(phi1)))))))
        end
        
        code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.5 * N[Cos[N[(phi1 * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 99.7%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          2. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          3. lift-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          4. lift-asin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          5. sin-asinN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          6. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          7. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]
          8. distribute-rgt-inN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
          9. associate--r+N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
        4. Applied rewrites99.6%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \cos delta}} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
          2. lower-cos.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta} - \left(\cos delta \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right) + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          3. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
          4. lower-cos.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos delta}, \frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          5. sub-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right)\right)}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          6. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2}}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          7. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)} + \frac{1}{2}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          8. metadata-evalN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2}} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right) + \frac{1}{2}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          9. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right), \frac{1}{2}\right)}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          10. lower-cos.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \phi_1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          11. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          12. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \color{blue}{\left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right), \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          13. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}\right)} \]
          14. associate-*l*N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
          15. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
          16. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
          17. lower-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          18. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
          19. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
          20. lower-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), \frac{1}{2}\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1} \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
          21. lower-cos.f6493.8

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}\right)\right)} \]
        7. Applied rewrites93.8%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
        8. Final simplification93.8%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \cos \left(\phi_1 \cdot 2\right), 0.5\right), \sin delta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
        9. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 7: 94.9% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
         :precision binary64
         (+
          lambda1
          (atan2
           (* (cos phi1) (* (sin theta) (sin delta)))
           (fma
            (fma (cos delta) (sin phi1) (* (sin delta) (cos phi1)))
            (- (sin phi1))
            (cos delta)))))
        double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	return lambda1 + atan2((cos(phi1) * (sin(theta) * sin(delta))), fma(fma(cos(delta), sin(phi1), (sin(delta) * cos(phi1))), -sin(phi1), cos(delta)));
        }
        
        function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(cos(phi1) * Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta))), fma(fma(cos(delta), sin(phi1), Float64(sin(delta) * cos(phi1))), Float64(-sin(phi1)), cos(delta))))
        end
        
        code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]) + N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 99.7%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-cos.f6487.9

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites87.9%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        6. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}} \]
        7. Step-by-step derivation
          1. sub-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)}} \]
          2. mul-1-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)}} \]
          3. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right) + \cos delta}} \]
          4. mul-1-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)\right)} + \cos delta} \]
          5. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}\right)\right) + \cos delta} \]
          6. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right)} + \cos delta} \]
          7. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right), \cos delta\right)}} \]
        8. Applied rewrites93.8%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
        9. Final simplification93.8%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
        10. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 8: 92.5% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
         :precision binary64
         (+
          lambda1
          (atan2
           (* (cos phi1) (* (sin theta) (sin delta)))
           (- (cos delta) (pow (sin phi1) 2.0)))))
        double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	return lambda1 + atan2((cos(phi1) * (sin(theta) * sin(delta))), (cos(delta) - pow(sin(phi1), 2.0)));
        }
        
        real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
            real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
            real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
            real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
            real(8), intent (in) :: delta
            real(8), intent (in) :: theta
            code = lambda1 + atan2((cos(phi1) * (sin(theta) * sin(delta))), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) ** 2.0d0)))
        end function
        
        public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	return lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.cos(phi1) * (Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta))), (Math.cos(delta) - Math.pow(Math.sin(phi1), 2.0)));
        }
        
        def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
        	return lambda1 + math.atan2((math.cos(phi1) * (math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta))), (math.cos(delta) - math.pow(math.sin(phi1), 2.0)))
        
        function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(cos(phi1) * Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta))), Float64(cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) ^ 2.0))))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	tmp = lambda1 + atan2((cos(phi1) * (sin(theta) * sin(delta))), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) ^ 2.0)));
        end
        
        code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 99.7%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-pow.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
          2. lower-sin.f6491.1

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}}^{2}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites91.1%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
        6. Final simplification91.1%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}} \]
        7. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 9: 89.1% accurate, 2.6× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
         :precision binary64
         (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (cos phi1) (* (sin theta) (sin delta))) (cos delta))))
        double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	return lambda1 + atan2((cos(phi1) * (sin(theta) * sin(delta))), cos(delta));
        }
        
        real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
            real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
            real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
            real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
            real(8), intent (in) :: delta
            real(8), intent (in) :: theta
            code = lambda1 + atan2((cos(phi1) * (sin(theta) * sin(delta))), cos(delta))
        end function
        
        public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	return lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.cos(phi1) * (Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta))), Math.cos(delta));
        }
        
        def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
        	return lambda1 + math.atan2((math.cos(phi1) * (math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta))), math.cos(delta))
        
        function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(cos(phi1) * Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta))), cos(delta)))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	tmp = lambda1 + atan2((cos(phi1) * (sin(theta) * sin(delta))), cos(delta));
        end
        
        code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 99.7%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-cos.f6487.9

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites87.9%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        6. Final simplification87.9%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}{\cos delta} \]
        7. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 10: 87.1% accurate, 3.3× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
         :precision binary64
         (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos delta))))
        double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	return lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
        }
        
        real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
            real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
            real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
            real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
            real(8), intent (in) :: delta
            real(8), intent (in) :: theta
            code = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta))
        end function
        
        public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	return lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)), Math.cos(delta));
        }
        
        def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
        	return lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)), math.cos(delta))
        
        function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta)))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
        end
        
        code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 99.7%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-cos.f6487.9

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites87.9%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
        7. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
          2. lower-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
          3. lower-sin.f6486.4

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
        8. Applied rewrites86.4%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
        9. Final simplification86.4%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
        10. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 11: 80.9% accurate, 3.7× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -180000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{+38}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, delta \cdot delta, 1\right) + \left(delta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \left(\left(delta \cdot delta\right) \cdot 0.008333333333333333\right)\right)\right)}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
         :precision binary64
         (let* ((t_1 (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* theta (sin delta)) (cos delta)))))
           (if (<= delta -180000000000.0)
             t_1
             (if (<= delta 2.8e+38)
               (+
                lambda1
                (atan2
                 (*
                  delta
                  (*
                   (sin theta)
                   (+
                    (fma -0.16666666666666666 (* delta delta) 1.0)
                    (* (* delta delta) (* (* delta delta) 0.008333333333333333)))))
                 (cos delta)))
               t_1))))
        double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	double t_1 = lambda1 + atan2((theta * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
        	double tmp;
        	if (delta <= -180000000000.0) {
        		tmp = t_1;
        	} else if (delta <= 2.8e+38) {
        		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((delta * (sin(theta) * (fma(-0.16666666666666666, (delta * delta), 1.0) + ((delta * delta) * ((delta * delta) * 0.008333333333333333))))), cos(delta));
        	} else {
        		tmp = t_1;
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	t_1 = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(theta * sin(delta)), cos(delta)))
        	tmp = 0.0
        	if (delta <= -180000000000.0)
        		tmp = t_1;
        	elseif (delta <= 2.8e+38)
        		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(delta * Float64(sin(theta) * Float64(fma(-0.16666666666666666, Float64(delta * delta), 1.0) + Float64(Float64(delta * delta) * Float64(Float64(delta * delta) * 0.008333333333333333))))), cos(delta)));
        	else
        		tmp = t_1;
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(theta * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[delta, -180000000000.0], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[delta, 2.8e+38], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(delta * N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(-0.16666666666666666 * N[(delta * delta), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(delta * delta), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(delta * delta), $MachinePrecision] * 0.008333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        t_1 := \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\
        \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -180000000000:\\
        \;\;\;\;t\_1\\
        
        \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{+38}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, delta \cdot delta, 1\right) + \left(delta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \left(\left(delta \cdot delta\right) \cdot 0.008333333333333333\right)\right)\right)}{\cos delta}\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;t\_1\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Split input into 2 regimes
        2. if delta < -1.8e11 or 2.8e38 < delta

          1. Initial program 99.7%

            \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-cos.f6483.7

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          5. Applied rewrites83.7%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
            2. lower-sin.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
            3. lower-sin.f6480.8

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
          8. Applied rewrites80.8%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
          9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          10. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites66.6%

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

            if -1.8e11 < delta < 2.8e38

            1. Initial program 99.6%

              \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lower-cos.f6491.4

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
            5. Applied rewrites91.4%

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
            6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
            7. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lower-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
              2. lower-sin.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
              3. lower-sin.f6490.9

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
            8. Applied rewrites90.9%

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
            9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin theta + {delta}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \sin theta + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \left({delta}^{2} \cdot \sin theta\right)\right)\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
            10. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites89.6%

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, delta \cdot delta, 1\right) + \left(delta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \left(0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left(delta \cdot delta\right)\right)\right)\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
            11. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
            12. Final simplification79.2%

              \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -180000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{+38}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, delta \cdot delta, 1\right) + \left(delta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \left(\left(delta \cdot delta\right) \cdot 0.008333333333333333\right)\right)\right)}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \]
            13. Add Preprocessing

            Alternative 12: 81.0% accurate, 4.2× speedup?

            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -180000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{+38}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
            (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
             :precision binary64
             (let* ((t_1 (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* theta (sin delta)) (cos delta)))))
               (if (<= delta -180000000000.0)
                 t_1
                 (if (<= delta 2.8e+38)
                   (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin theta) delta) (cos delta)))
                   t_1))))
            double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
            	double t_1 = lambda1 + atan2((theta * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
            	double tmp;
            	if (delta <= -180000000000.0) {
            		tmp = t_1;
            	} else if (delta <= 2.8e+38) {
            		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta));
            	} else {
            		tmp = t_1;
            	}
            	return tmp;
            }
            
            real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
                real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
                real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
                real(8), intent (in) :: delta
                real(8), intent (in) :: theta
                real(8) :: t_1
                real(8) :: tmp
                t_1 = lambda1 + atan2((theta * sin(delta)), cos(delta))
                if (delta <= (-180000000000.0d0)) then
                    tmp = t_1
                else if (delta <= 2.8d+38) then
                    tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta))
                else
                    tmp = t_1
                end if
                code = tmp
            end function
            
            public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
            	double t_1 = lambda1 + Math.atan2((theta * Math.sin(delta)), Math.cos(delta));
            	double tmp;
            	if (delta <= -180000000000.0) {
            		tmp = t_1;
            	} else if (delta <= 2.8e+38) {
            		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(theta) * delta), Math.cos(delta));
            	} else {
            		tmp = t_1;
            	}
            	return tmp;
            }
            
            def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
            	t_1 = lambda1 + math.atan2((theta * math.sin(delta)), math.cos(delta))
            	tmp = 0
            	if delta <= -180000000000.0:
            		tmp = t_1
            	elif delta <= 2.8e+38:
            		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(theta) * delta), math.cos(delta))
            	else:
            		tmp = t_1
            	return tmp
            
            function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
            	t_1 = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(theta * sin(delta)), cos(delta)))
            	tmp = 0.0
            	if (delta <= -180000000000.0)
            		tmp = t_1;
            	elseif (delta <= 2.8e+38)
            		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta)));
            	else
            		tmp = t_1;
            	end
            	return tmp
            end
            
            function tmp_2 = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
            	t_1 = lambda1 + atan2((theta * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
            	tmp = 0.0;
            	if (delta <= -180000000000.0)
            		tmp = t_1;
            	elseif (delta <= 2.8e+38)
            		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta));
            	else
            		tmp = t_1;
            	end
            	tmp_2 = tmp;
            end
            
            code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(theta * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[delta, -180000000000.0], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[delta, 2.8e+38], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * delta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]
            
            \begin{array}{l}
            
            \\
            \begin{array}{l}
            t_1 := \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\
            \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -180000000000:\\
            \;\;\;\;t\_1\\
            
            \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{+38}:\\
            \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\
            
            \mathbf{else}:\\
            \;\;\;\;t\_1\\
            
            
            \end{array}
            \end{array}
            
            Derivation
            1. Split input into 2 regimes
            2. if delta < -1.8e11 or 2.8e38 < delta

              1. Initial program 99.7%

                \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lower-cos.f6483.7

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
              5. Applied rewrites83.7%

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
              6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
              7. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                2. lower-sin.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
                3. lower-sin.f6480.8

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
              8. Applied rewrites80.8%

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
              9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              10. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites66.6%

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

                if -1.8e11 < delta < 2.8e38

                1. Initial program 99.6%

                  \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. lower-cos.f6491.4

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                5. Applied rewrites91.4%

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                7. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. lower-*.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  2. lower-sin.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
                  3. lower-sin.f6490.9

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                8. Applied rewrites90.9%

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                10. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites89.6%

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                11. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                12. Final simplification79.2%

                  \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -180000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{+38}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \]
                13. Add Preprocessing

                Alternative 13: 74.9% accurate, 4.3× speedup?

                \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
                (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
                 :precision binary64
                 (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin theta) delta) (cos delta))))
                double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
                	return lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta));
                }
                
                real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
                    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
                    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
                    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
                    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
                    code = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta))
                end function
                
                public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
                	return lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(theta) * delta), Math.cos(delta));
                }
                
                def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
                	return lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(theta) * delta), math.cos(delta))
                
                function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta)))
                end
                
                function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                	tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta));
                end
                
                code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * delta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                
                \begin{array}{l}
                
                \\
                \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}
                \end{array}
                
                Derivation
                1. Initial program 99.7%

                  \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. lower-cos.f6487.9

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                5. Applied rewrites87.9%

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                7. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. lower-*.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  2. lower-sin.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
                  3. lower-sin.f6486.4

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                8. Applied rewrites86.4%

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                10. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites71.3%

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  2. Final simplification71.3%

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta} \]
                  3. Add Preprocessing

                  Reproduce

                  ?
                  herbie shell --seed 2024234 
                  (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
                    :name "Destination given bearing on a great circle"
                    :precision binary64
                    (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1)) (- (cos delta) (* (sin phi1) (sin (asin (+ (* (sin phi1) (cos delta)) (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))