Graphics.Rasterific.CubicBezier:cachedBezierAt from Rasterific-0.6.1

Percentage Accurate: 92.4% → 96.8%

Time: 8.4s

Alternatives: 10

Speedup: 0.5×

• 32.6% of points produce a very large (infinite) output. You may want to add a precondition.

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (+ (+ x (* y z)) (* t a)) (* (* a z) b)))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	return ((x + (y * z)) + (t * a)) + ((a * z) * b);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    code = ((x + (y * z)) + (t * a)) + ((a * z) * b)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	return ((x + (y * z)) + (t * a)) + ((a * z) * b);
}

Python

def code(x, y, z, t, a, b):
	return ((x + (y * z)) + (t * a)) + ((a * z) * b)

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(x + Float64(y * z)) + Float64(t * a)) + Float64(Float64(a * z) * b))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	tmp = ((x + (y * z)) + (t * a)) + ((a * z) * b);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(x + N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(t * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a * z), $MachinePrecision] * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 92.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (+ (+ x (* y z)) (* t a)) (* (* a z) b)))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	return ((x + (y * z)) + (t * a)) + ((a * z) * b);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    code = ((x + (y * z)) + (t * a)) + ((a * z) * b)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	return ((x + (y * z)) + (t * a)) + ((a * z) * b);
}

Python

def code(x, y, z, t, a, b):
	return ((x + (y * z)) + (t * a)) + ((a * z) * b)

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(x + Float64(y * z)) + Float64(t * a)) + Float64(Float64(a * z) * b))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	tmp = ((x + (y * z)) + (t * a)) + ((a * z) * b);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(x + N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(t * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a * z), $MachinePrecision] * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 96.8% accurate, 0.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(z \cdot a\right) \cdot b\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq \infty:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, y\right), x\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (+ (+ (+ x (* y z)) (* t a)) (* (* z a) b))))
   (if (<= t_1 INFINITY) t_1 (fma z (fma a b y) x))))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	double t_1 = ((x + (y * z)) + (t * a)) + ((z * a) * b);
	double tmp;
	if (t_1 <= ((double) INFINITY)) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else {
		tmp = fma(z, fma(a, b, y), x);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	t_1 = Float64(Float64(Float64(x + Float64(y * z)) + Float64(t * a)) + Float64(Float64(z * a) * b))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_1 <= Inf)
		tmp = t_1;
	else
		tmp = fma(z, fma(a, b, y), x);
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(N[(x + N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(t * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(z * a), $MachinePrecision] * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$1, Infinity], t$95$1, N[(z * N[(a * b + y), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (+.f64 (+.f64 (+.f64 x (*.f64 y z)) (*.f64 t a)) (*.f64 (*.f64 a z) b)) < +inf.0

   1. Initial program 96.1%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   if +inf.0 < (+.f64 (+.f64 (+.f64 x (*.f64 y z)) (*.f64 t a)) (*.f64 (*.f64 a z) b))

   1. Initial program 0.0%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(a \cdot \left(b \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \left(b \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right) + x} \]

      2. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z + a \cdot \left(b \cdot z\right)\right)} + x \]

      3. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(y \cdot z + \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot z}\right) + x \]

      4. distribute-rgt-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(y + a \cdot b\right)} + x \]

      5. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y + a \cdot b, x\right)} \]

      6. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, \color{blue}{a \cdot b + y}, x\right) \]

      7. lower-fma.f64 80.4

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, y\right)}, x\right) \]

   5. Applied rewrites 80.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, y\right), x\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 95.1%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(z \cdot a\right) \cdot b \leq \infty:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(z \cdot a\right) \cdot b\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, y\right), x\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 72.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := z \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, y\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -4.5 \cdot 10^{+49}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;z \leq 6.6 \cdot 10^{-45}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;z \leq 5.6 \cdot 10^{+135}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z, a \cdot b, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* z (fma a b y))))
   (if (<= z -4.5e+49)
     t_1
     (if (<= z 6.6e-45)
       (fma a t x)
       (if (<= z 5.6e+135) (fma z (* a b) x) t_1)))))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	double t_1 = z * fma(a, b, y);
	double tmp;
	if (z <= -4.5e+49) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (z <= 6.6e-45) {
		tmp = fma(a, t, x);
	} else if (z <= 5.6e+135) {
		tmp = fma(z, (a * b), x);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	t_1 = Float64(z * fma(a, b, y))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (z <= -4.5e+49)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (z <= 6.6e-45)
		tmp = fma(a, t, x);
	elseif (z <= 5.6e+135)
		tmp = fma(z, Float64(a * b), x);
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(z * N[(a * b + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[z, -4.5e+49], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[z, 6.6e-45], N[(a * t + x), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[z, 5.6e+135], N[(z * N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if z < -4.49999999999999982e49 or 5.60000000000000004e135 < z

   1. Initial program 83.3%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in z around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(y + a \cdot b\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(y + a \cdot b\right)} \]

      2. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b + y\right)} \]

      3. lower-fma.f64 83.1

         \[\leadsto z \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, y\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 83.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, y\right)} \]

   if -4.49999999999999982e49 < z < 6.6000000000000001e-45

   1. Initial program 96.6%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + a \cdot t} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot t + x} \]

      2. lower-fma.f64 74.9

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 74.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)} \]

   if 6.6000000000000001e-45 < z < 5.60000000000000004e135

   1. Initial program 91.7%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(a \cdot \left(b \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \left(b \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right) + x} \]

      2. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z + a \cdot \left(b \cdot z\right)\right)} + x \]

      3. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(y \cdot z + \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot z}\right) + x \]

      4. distribute-rgt-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(y + a \cdot b\right)} + x \]

      5. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y + a \cdot b, x\right)} \]

      6. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, \color{blue}{a \cdot b + y}, x\right) \]

      7. lower-fma.f64 97.2

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, y\right)}, x\right) \]

   5. Applied rewrites 97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, y\right), x\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, a \cdot \color{blue}{b}, x\right) \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 81.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, a \cdot \color{blue}{b}, x\right) \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 83.2% accurate, 1.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(z, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, y\right), x\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -1.22 \cdot 10^{-58}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;z \leq 6.5 \cdot 10^{-96}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (fma z (fma a b y) x)))
   (if (<= z -1.22e-58) t_1 (if (<= z 6.5e-96) (fma a t x) t_1))))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	double t_1 = fma(z, fma(a, b, y), x);
	double tmp;
	if (z <= -1.22e-58) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (z <= 6.5e-96) {
		tmp = fma(a, t, x);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	t_1 = fma(z, fma(a, b, y), x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (z <= -1.22e-58)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (z <= 6.5e-96)
		tmp = fma(a, t, x);
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(z * N[(a * b + y), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[z, -1.22e-58], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[z, 6.5e-96], N[(a * t + x), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if z < -1.2199999999999999e-58 or 6.50000000000000001e-96 < z

   1. Initial program 87.8%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(a \cdot \left(b \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \left(b \cdot z\right) + y \cdot z\right) + x} \]

      2. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z + a \cdot \left(b \cdot z\right)\right)} + x \]

      3. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(y \cdot z + \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot z}\right) + x \]

      4. distribute-rgt-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(y + a \cdot b\right)} + x \]

      5. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y + a \cdot b, x\right)} \]

      6. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, \color{blue}{a \cdot b + y}, x\right) \]

      7. lower-fma.f64 87.4

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, y\right)}, x\right) \]

   5. Applied rewrites 87.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, y\right), x\right)} \]

   if -1.2199999999999999e-58 < z < 6.50000000000000001e-96

   1. Initial program 97.2%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + a \cdot t} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot t + x} \]

      2. lower-fma.f64 84.2

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 84.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 72.2% accurate, 1.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := a \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(b, z, t\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -6.6 \cdot 10^{-41}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{+125}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* a (fma b z t))))
   (if (<= a -6.6e-41) t_1 (if (<= a 2.7e+125) (fma z y x) t_1))))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	double t_1 = a * fma(b, z, t);
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -6.6e-41) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (a <= 2.7e+125) {
		tmp = fma(z, y, x);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	t_1 = Float64(a * fma(b, z, t))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -6.6e-41)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (a <= 2.7e+125)
		tmp = fma(z, y, x);
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(a * N[(b * z + t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[a, -6.6e-41], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[a, 2.7e+125], N[(z * y + x), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if a < -6.60000000000000047e-41 or 2.6999999999999999e125 < a

   1. Initial program 83.3%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(t + b \cdot z\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(t + b \cdot z\right)} \]

      2. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot z + t\right)} \]

      3. lower-fma.f64 79.3

         \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(b, z, t\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 79.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(b, z, t\right)} \]

   if -6.60000000000000047e-41 < a < 2.6999999999999999e125

   1. Initial program 95.9%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y \cdot z} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot z + x} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot y} + x \]

      3. lower-fma.f64 74.5

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 74.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 61.2% accurate, 1.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -4.7 \cdot 10^{-66}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 7.2 \cdot 10^{+127}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(z \cdot a\right) \cdot b\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a -4.7e-66)
   (fma a t x)
   (if (<= a 7.2e+127) (fma z y x) (* (* z a) b))))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -4.7e-66) {
		tmp = fma(a, t, x);
	} else if (a <= 7.2e+127) {
		tmp = fma(z, y, x);
	} else {
		tmp = (z * a) * b;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -4.7e-66)
		tmp = fma(a, t, x);
	elseif (a <= 7.2e+127)
		tmp = fma(z, y, x);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(z * a) * b);
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[a, -4.7e-66], N[(a * t + x), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[a, 7.2e+127], N[(z * y + x), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(z * a), $MachinePrecision] * b), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if a < -4.6999999999999999e-66

   1. Initial program 87.5%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + a \cdot t} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot t + x} \]

      2. lower-fma.f64 58.0

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 58.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)} \]

   if -4.6999999999999999e-66 < a < 7.19999999999999958e127

   1. Initial program 95.8%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y \cdot z} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot z + x} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot y} + x \]

      3. lower-fma.f64 74.6

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 74.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)} \]

   if 7.19999999999999958e127 < a

   1. Initial program 75.6%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in b around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(b \cdot z\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(b \cdot z\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 57.4

         \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot z\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 57.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(b \cdot z\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 62.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(z \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{b} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 61.2% accurate, 1.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -4.7 \cdot 10^{-66}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.1 \cdot 10^{+127}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \left(z \cdot b\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a -4.7e-66)
   (fma a t x)
   (if (<= a 1.1e+127) (fma z y x) (* a (* z b)))))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -4.7e-66) {
		tmp = fma(a, t, x);
	} else if (a <= 1.1e+127) {
		tmp = fma(z, y, x);
	} else {
		tmp = a * (z * b);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -4.7e-66)
		tmp = fma(a, t, x);
	elseif (a <= 1.1e+127)
		tmp = fma(z, y, x);
	else
		tmp = Float64(a * Float64(z * b));
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[a, -4.7e-66], N[(a * t + x), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[a, 1.1e+127], N[(z * y + x), $MachinePrecision], N[(a * N[(z * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if a < -4.6999999999999999e-66

   1. Initial program 87.5%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + a \cdot t} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot t + x} \]

      2. lower-fma.f64 58.0

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 58.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)} \]

   if -4.6999999999999999e-66 < a < 1.1000000000000001e127

   1. Initial program 95.8%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y \cdot z} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot z + x} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot y} + x \]

      3. lower-fma.f64 74.6

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 74.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)} \]

   if 1.1000000000000001e127 < a

   1. Initial program 75.6%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in b around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(b \cdot z\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(b \cdot z\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 57.4

         \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot z\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 57.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(b \cdot z\right)} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 67.2%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -4.7 \cdot 10^{-66}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.1 \cdot 10^{+127}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \left(z \cdot b\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 63.6% accurate, 1.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq -3.8 \cdot 10^{+33}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{+42}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t -3.8e+33) (fma a t x) (if (<= t 2.7e+42) (fma z y x) (fma a t x))))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= -3.8e+33) {
		tmp = fma(a, t, x);
	} else if (t <= 2.7e+42) {
		tmp = fma(z, y, x);
	} else {
		tmp = fma(a, t, x);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= -3.8e+33)
		tmp = fma(a, t, x);
	elseif (t <= 2.7e+42)
		tmp = fma(z, y, x);
	else
		tmp = fma(a, t, x);
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[t, -3.8e+33], N[(a * t + x), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t, 2.7e+42], N[(z * y + x), $MachinePrecision], N[(a * t + x), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if t < -3.80000000000000002e33 or 2.7000000000000001e42 < t

   1. Initial program 91.5%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + a \cdot t} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot t + x} \]

      2. lower-fma.f64 72.7

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 72.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)} \]

   if -3.80000000000000002e33 < t < 2.7000000000000001e42

   1. Initial program 89.7%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y \cdot z} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot z + x} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot y} + x \]

      3. lower-fma.f64 62.6

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 62.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 56.7% accurate, 1.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -3200000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot z\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 9.6 \cdot 10^{+168}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot z\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= y -3200000000000.0) (* y z) (if (<= y 9.6e+168) (fma a t x) (* y z))))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -3200000000000.0) {
		tmp = y * z;
	} else if (y <= 9.6e+168) {
		tmp = fma(a, t, x);
	} else {
		tmp = y * z;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y <= -3200000000000.0)
		tmp = Float64(y * z);
	elseif (y <= 9.6e+168)
		tmp = fma(a, t, x);
	else
		tmp = Float64(y * z);
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[y, -3200000000000.0], N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[y, 9.6e+168], N[(a * t + x), $MachinePrecision], N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if y < -3.2e12 or 9.60000000000000037e168 < y

   1. Initial program 86.3%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot z} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot y} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 62.0

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot y} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 62.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot y} \]

   if -3.2e12 < y < 9.60000000000000037e168

   1. Initial program 92.3%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + a \cdot t} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot t + x} \]

      2. lower-fma.f64 60.0

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 60.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 60.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -3200000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot z\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 9.6 \cdot 10^{+168}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a, t, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot z\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 39.0% accurate, 1.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq -6.2 \cdot 10^{+30}:\\ \;\;\;\;t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 7 \cdot 10^{+43}:\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot z\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t \cdot a\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t -6.2e+30) (* t a) (if (<= t 7e+43) (* y z) (* t a))))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= -6.2e+30) {
		tmp = t * a;
	} else if (t <= 7e+43) {
		tmp = y * z;
	} else {
		tmp = t * a;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= (-6.2d+30)) then
        tmp = t * a
    else if (t <= 7d+43) then
        tmp = y * z
    else
        tmp = t * a
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= -6.2e+30) {
		tmp = t * a;
	} else if (t <= 7e+43) {
		tmp = y * z;
	} else {
		tmp = t * a;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y, z, t, a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= -6.2e+30:
		tmp = t * a
	elif t <= 7e+43:
		tmp = y * z
	else:
		tmp = t * a
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= -6.2e+30)
		tmp = Float64(t * a);
	elseif (t <= 7e+43)
		tmp = Float64(y * z);
	else
		tmp = Float64(t * a);
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= -6.2e+30)
		tmp = t * a;
	elseif (t <= 7e+43)
		tmp = y * z;
	else
		tmp = t * a;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[t, -6.2e+30], N[(t * a), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t, 7e+43], N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision], N[(t * a), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if t < -6.1999999999999995e30 or 7.0000000000000002e43 < t

   1. Initial program 91.5%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot t} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 53.2

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot t} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot t} \]

   if -6.1999999999999995e30 < t < 7.0000000000000002e43

   1. Initial program 89.7%

      \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot z} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot y} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 34.2

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot y} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 34.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot y} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 42.1%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq -6.2 \cdot 10^{+30}:\\ \;\;\;\;t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 7 \cdot 10^{+43}:\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot z\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t \cdot a\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 27.0% accurate, 5.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ t \cdot a \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b) :precision binary64 (* t a))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	return t * a;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    code = t * a
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	return t * a;
}

Python

def code(x, y, z, t, a, b):
	return t * a

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	return Float64(t * a)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	tmp = t * a;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_] := N[(t * a), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 90.4%

   \[\left(\left(x + y \cdot z\right) + t \cdot a\right) + \left(a \cdot z\right) \cdot b \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot t} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-*.f64 26.4

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot t} \]

5. Applied rewrites 26.4%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot t} \]

6. Final simplification 26.4%

   \[\leadsto t \cdot a \]
7. Add Preprocessing

Developer Target 1: 97.4% accurate, 0.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := z \cdot \left(b \cdot a + y\right) + \left(x + t \cdot a\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;z < -11820553527347888000:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;z < 4.7589743188364287 \cdot 10^{-122}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(b \cdot z + t\right) \cdot a + \left(z \cdot y + x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (+ (* z (+ (* b a) y)) (+ x (* t a)))))
   (if (< z -11820553527347888000.0)
     t_1
     (if (< z 4.7589743188364287e-122)
       (+ (* (+ (* b z) t) a) (+ (* z y) x))
       t_1))))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	double t_1 = (z * ((b * a) + y)) + (x + (t * a));
	double tmp;
	if (z < -11820553527347888000.0) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (z < 4.7589743188364287e-122) {
		tmp = (((b * z) + t) * a) + ((z * y) + x);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = (z * ((b * a) + y)) + (x + (t * a))
    if (z < (-11820553527347888000.0d0)) then
        tmp = t_1
    else if (z < 4.7589743188364287d-122) then
        tmp = (((b * z) + t) * a) + ((z * y) + x)
    else
        tmp = t_1
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b) {
	double t_1 = (z * ((b * a) + y)) + (x + (t * a));
	double tmp;
	if (z < -11820553527347888000.0) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (z < 4.7589743188364287e-122) {
		tmp = (((b * z) + t) * a) + ((z * y) + x);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y, z, t, a, b):
	t_1 = (z * ((b * a) + y)) + (x + (t * a))
	tmp = 0
	if z < -11820553527347888000.0:
		tmp = t_1
	elif z < 4.7589743188364287e-122:
		tmp = (((b * z) + t) * a) + ((z * y) + x)
	else:
		tmp = t_1
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	t_1 = Float64(Float64(z * Float64(Float64(b * a) + y)) + Float64(x + Float64(t * a)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (z < -11820553527347888000.0)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (z < 4.7589743188364287e-122)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(b * z) + t) * a) + Float64(Float64(z * y) + x));
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a, b)
	t_1 = (z * ((b * a) + y)) + (x + (t * a));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (z < -11820553527347888000.0)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (z < 4.7589743188364287e-122)
		tmp = (((b * z) + t) * a) + ((z * y) + x);
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(z * N[(N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision] + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(x + N[(t * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Less[z, -11820553527347888000.0], t$95$1, If[Less[z, 4.7589743188364287e-122], N[(N[(N[(N[(b * z), $MachinePrecision] + t), $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024232 
(FPCore (x y z t a b)
  :name "Graphics.Rasterific.CubicBezier:cachedBezierAt from Rasterific-0.6.1"
  :precision binary64

  :alt
  (! :herbie-platform default (if (< z -11820553527347888000) (+ (* z (+ (* b a) y)) (+ x (* t a))) (if (< z 47589743188364287/1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000) (+ (* (+ (* b z) t) a) (+ (* z y) x)) (+ (* z (+ (* b a) y)) (+ x (* t a))))))

  (+ (+ (+ x (* y z)) (* t a)) (* (* a z) b)))