Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGamma from math-functions-0.1.5.2, C

Percentage Accurate: 58.9% → 98.2%
Time: 14.6s
Alternatives: 17
Speedup: 4.4×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(\left(x \cdot 4.16438922228 + 78.6994924154\right) \cdot x + 137.519416416\right) \cdot x + y\right) \cdot x + z\right)}{\left(\left(\left(x + 43.3400022514\right) \cdot x + 263.505074721\right) \cdot x + 313.399215894\right) \cdot x + 47.066876606} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  (*
   (- x 2.0)
   (+
    (*
     (+ (* (+ (* (+ (* x 4.16438922228) 78.6994924154) x) 137.519416416) x) y)
     x)
    z))
  (+
   (* (+ (* (+ (* (+ x 43.3400022514) x) 263.505074721) x) 313.399215894) x)
   47.066876606)))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return ((x - 2.0) * ((((((((x * 4.16438922228) + 78.6994924154) * x) + 137.519416416) * x) + y) * x) + z)) / (((((((x + 43.3400022514) * x) + 263.505074721) * x) + 313.399215894) * x) + 47.066876606);
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = ((x - 2.0d0) * ((((((((x * 4.16438922228d0) + 78.6994924154d0) * x) + 137.519416416d0) * x) + y) * x) + z)) / (((((((x + 43.3400022514d0) * x) + 263.505074721d0) * x) + 313.399215894d0) * x) + 47.066876606d0)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return ((x - 2.0) * ((((((((x * 4.16438922228) + 78.6994924154) * x) + 137.519416416) * x) + y) * x) + z)) / (((((((x + 43.3400022514) * x) + 263.505074721) * x) + 313.399215894) * x) + 47.066876606);
}
def code(x, y, z):
	return ((x - 2.0) * ((((((((x * 4.16438922228) + 78.6994924154) * x) + 137.519416416) * x) + y) * x) + z)) / (((((((x + 43.3400022514) * x) + 263.505074721) * x) + 313.399215894) * x) + 47.066876606)
function code(x, y, z)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(x - 2.0) * Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(x * 4.16438922228) + 78.6994924154) * x) + 137.519416416) * x) + y) * x) + z)) / Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(x + 43.3400022514) * x) + 263.505074721) * x) + 313.399215894) * x) + 47.066876606))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = ((x - 2.0) * ((((((((x * 4.16438922228) + 78.6994924154) * x) + 137.519416416) * x) + y) * x) + z)) / (((((((x + 43.3400022514) * x) + 263.505074721) * x) + 313.399215894) * x) + 47.066876606);
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(N[(N[(x - 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(x * 4.16438922228), $MachinePrecision] + 78.6994924154), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + 137.519416416), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + y), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(x + 43.3400022514), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + 263.505074721), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + 313.399215894), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + 47.066876606), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(\left(x \cdot 4.16438922228 + 78.6994924154\right) \cdot x + 137.519416416\right) \cdot x + y\right) \cdot x + z\right)}{\left(\left(\left(x + 43.3400022514\right) \cdot x + 263.505074721\right) \cdot x + 313.399215894\right) \cdot x + 47.066876606}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 17 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 58.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(\left(x \cdot 4.16438922228 + 78.6994924154\right) \cdot x + 137.519416416\right) \cdot x + y\right) \cdot x + z\right)}{\left(\left(\left(x + 43.3400022514\right) \cdot x + 263.505074721\right) \cdot x + 313.399215894\right) \cdot x + 47.066876606} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  (*
   (- x 2.0)
   (+
    (*
     (+ (* (+ (* (+ (* x 4.16438922228) 78.6994924154) x) 137.519416416) x) y)
     x)
    z))
  (+
   (* (+ (* (+ (* (+ x 43.3400022514) x) 263.505074721) x) 313.399215894) x)
   47.066876606)))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return ((x - 2.0) * ((((((((x * 4.16438922228) + 78.6994924154) * x) + 137.519416416) * x) + y) * x) + z)) / (((((((x + 43.3400022514) * x) + 263.505074721) * x) + 313.399215894) * x) + 47.066876606);
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = ((x - 2.0d0) * ((((((((x * 4.16438922228d0) + 78.6994924154d0) * x) + 137.519416416d0) * x) + y) * x) + z)) / (((((((x + 43.3400022514d0) * x) + 263.505074721d0) * x) + 313.399215894d0) * x) + 47.066876606d0)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return ((x - 2.0) * ((((((((x * 4.16438922228) + 78.6994924154) * x) + 137.519416416) * x) + y) * x) + z)) / (((((((x + 43.3400022514) * x) + 263.505074721) * x) + 313.399215894) * x) + 47.066876606);
}
def code(x, y, z):
	return ((x - 2.0) * ((((((((x * 4.16438922228) + 78.6994924154) * x) + 137.519416416) * x) + y) * x) + z)) / (((((((x + 43.3400022514) * x) + 263.505074721) * x) + 313.399215894) * x) + 47.066876606)
function code(x, y, z)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(x - 2.0) * Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(x * 4.16438922228) + 78.6994924154) * x) + 137.519416416) * x) + y) * x) + z)) / Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(x + 43.3400022514) * x) + 263.505074721) * x) + 313.399215894) * x) + 47.066876606))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = ((x - 2.0) * ((((((((x * 4.16438922228) + 78.6994924154) * x) + 137.519416416) * x) + y) * x) + z)) / (((((((x + 43.3400022514) * x) + 263.505074721) * x) + 313.399215894) * x) + 47.066876606);
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(N[(N[(x - 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(x * 4.16438922228), $MachinePrecision] + 78.6994924154), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + 137.519416416), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + y), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(x + 43.3400022514), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + 263.505074721), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + 313.399215894), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + 47.066876606), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(\left(x \cdot 4.16438922228 + 78.6994924154\right) \cdot x + 137.519416416\right) \cdot x + y\right) \cdot x + z\right)}{\left(\left(\left(x + 43.3400022514\right) \cdot x + 263.505074721\right) \cdot x + 313.399215894\right) \cdot x + 47.066876606}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 98.2% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\left(z + \left(y + \left(137.519416416 + \left(78.6994924154 + 4.16438922228 \cdot x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x - 2\right)}{47.066876606 + \left(313.399215894 + \left(263.505074721 + \left(43.3400022514 + x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x} \leq 10^{+292}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(4.16438922228, x, 78.6994924154\right), x, 137.519416416\right), x, y\right), x, z\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(43.3400022514 + x, x, 263.505074721\right), x, 313.399215894\right), x, 47.066876606\right)} \cdot \left(x - 2\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\frac{-110.1139242984811 - \frac{-3655.1204654076414 - \frac{y - 130977.50649958357}{x}}{x}}{x} - -4.16438922228\right) \cdot x\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<=
      (/
       (*
        (+
         z
         (*
          (+
           y
           (* (+ 137.519416416 (* (+ 78.6994924154 (* 4.16438922228 x)) x)) x))
          x))
        (- x 2.0))
       (+
        47.066876606
        (*
         (+ 313.399215894 (* (+ 263.505074721 (* (+ 43.3400022514 x) x)) x))
         x)))
      1e+292)
   (*
    (/
     (fma
      (fma (fma (fma 4.16438922228 x 78.6994924154) x 137.519416416) x y)
      x
      z)
     (fma
      (fma (fma (+ 43.3400022514 x) x 263.505074721) x 313.399215894)
      x
      47.066876606))
    (- x 2.0))
   (*
    (-
     (/
      (-
       -110.1139242984811
       (/ (- -3655.1204654076414 (/ (- y 130977.50649958357) x)) x))
      x)
     -4.16438922228)
    x)))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if ((((z + ((y + ((137.519416416 + ((78.6994924154 + (4.16438922228 * x)) * x)) * x)) * x)) * (x - 2.0)) / (47.066876606 + ((313.399215894 + ((263.505074721 + ((43.3400022514 + x) * x)) * x)) * x))) <= 1e+292) {
		tmp = (fma(fma(fma(fma(4.16438922228, x, 78.6994924154), x, 137.519416416), x, y), x, z) / fma(fma(fma((43.3400022514 + x), x, 263.505074721), x, 313.399215894), x, 47.066876606)) * (x - 2.0);
	} else {
		tmp = (((-110.1139242984811 - ((-3655.1204654076414 - ((y - 130977.50649958357) / x)) / x)) / x) - -4.16438922228) * x;
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(x, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(Float64(z + Float64(Float64(y + Float64(Float64(137.519416416 + Float64(Float64(78.6994924154 + Float64(4.16438922228 * x)) * x)) * x)) * x)) * Float64(x - 2.0)) / Float64(47.066876606 + Float64(Float64(313.399215894 + Float64(Float64(263.505074721 + Float64(Float64(43.3400022514 + x) * x)) * x)) * x))) <= 1e+292)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(fma(fma(fma(fma(4.16438922228, x, 78.6994924154), x, 137.519416416), x, y), x, z) / fma(fma(fma(Float64(43.3400022514 + x), x, 263.505074721), x, 313.399215894), x, 47.066876606)) * Float64(x - 2.0));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(-110.1139242984811 - Float64(Float64(-3655.1204654076414 - Float64(Float64(y - 130977.50649958357) / x)) / x)) / x) - -4.16438922228) * x);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[(N[(z + N[(N[(y + N[(N[(137.519416416 + N[(N[(78.6994924154 + N[(4.16438922228 * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x - 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(47.066876606 + N[(N[(313.399215894 + N[(N[(263.505074721 + N[(N[(43.3400022514 + x), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1e+292], N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(4.16438922228 * x + 78.6994924154), $MachinePrecision] * x + 137.519416416), $MachinePrecision] * x + y), $MachinePrecision] * x + z), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[(N[(43.3400022514 + x), $MachinePrecision] * x + 263.505074721), $MachinePrecision] * x + 313.399215894), $MachinePrecision] * x + 47.066876606), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x - 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(N[(-110.1139242984811 - N[(N[(-3655.1204654076414 - N[(N[(y - 130977.50649958357), $MachinePrecision] / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x), $MachinePrecision] - -4.16438922228), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\frac{\left(z + \left(y + \left(137.519416416 + \left(78.6994924154 + 4.16438922228 \cdot x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x - 2\right)}{47.066876606 + \left(313.399215894 + \left(263.505074721 + \left(43.3400022514 + x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x} \leq 10^{+292}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(4.16438922228, x, 78.6994924154\right), x, 137.519416416\right), x, y\right), x, z\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(43.3400022514 + x, x, 263.505074721\right), x, 313.399215894\right), x, 47.066876606\right)} \cdot \left(x - 2\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\frac{-110.1139242984811 - \frac{-3655.1204654076414 - \frac{y - 130977.50649958357}{x}}{x}}{x} - -4.16438922228\right) \cdot x\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 (*.f64 (-.f64 x #s(literal 2 binary64)) (+.f64 (*.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 x #s(literal 104109730557/25000000000 binary64)) #s(literal 393497462077/5000000000 binary64)) x) #s(literal 4297481763/31250000 binary64)) x) y) x) z)) (+.f64 (*.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (+.f64 x #s(literal 216700011257/5000000000 binary64)) x) #s(literal 263505074721/1000000000 binary64)) x) #s(literal 156699607947/500000000 binary64)) x) #s(literal 23533438303/500000000 binary64))) < 1e292

    1. Initial program 92.8%

      \[\frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(\left(x \cdot 4.16438922228 + 78.6994924154\right) \cdot x + 137.519416416\right) \cdot x + y\right) \cdot x + z\right)}{\left(\left(\left(x + 43.3400022514\right) \cdot x + 263.505074721\right) \cdot x + 313.399215894\right) \cdot x + 47.066876606} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(\left(x \cdot \frac{104109730557}{25000000000} + \frac{393497462077}{5000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{4297481763}{31250000}\right) \cdot x + y\right) \cdot x + z\right)}{\left(\left(\left(x + \frac{216700011257}{5000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{263505074721}{1000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{156699607947}{500000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{23533438303}{500000000}}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(\left(x \cdot \frac{104109730557}{25000000000} + \frac{393497462077}{5000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{4297481763}{31250000}\right) \cdot x + y\right) \cdot x + z\right)}}{\left(\left(\left(x + \frac{216700011257}{5000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{263505074721}{1000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{156699607947}{500000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{23533438303}{500000000}} \]
      3. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \frac{\left(\left(\left(x \cdot \frac{104109730557}{25000000000} + \frac{393497462077}{5000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{4297481763}{31250000}\right) \cdot x + y\right) \cdot x + z}{\left(\left(\left(x + \frac{216700011257}{5000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{263505074721}{1000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{156699607947}{500000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{23533438303}{500000000}}} \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\left(x \cdot \frac{104109730557}{25000000000} + \frac{393497462077}{5000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{4297481763}{31250000}\right) \cdot x + y\right) \cdot x + z}{\left(\left(\left(x + \frac{216700011257}{5000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{263505074721}{1000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{156699607947}{500000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{23533438303}{500000000}} \cdot \left(x - 2\right)} \]
      5. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\left(x \cdot \frac{104109730557}{25000000000} + \frac{393497462077}{5000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{4297481763}{31250000}\right) \cdot x + y\right) \cdot x + z}{\left(\left(\left(x + \frac{216700011257}{5000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{263505074721}{1000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{156699607947}{500000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{23533438303}{500000000}} \cdot \left(x - 2\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(4.16438922228, x, 78.6994924154\right), x, 137.519416416\right), x, y\right), x, z\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(43.3400022514 + x, x, 263.505074721\right), x, 313.399215894\right), x, 47.066876606\right)} \cdot \left(x - 2\right)} \]

    if 1e292 < (/.f64 (*.f64 (-.f64 x #s(literal 2 binary64)) (+.f64 (*.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 x #s(literal 104109730557/25000000000 binary64)) #s(literal 393497462077/5000000000 binary64)) x) #s(literal 4297481763/31250000 binary64)) x) y) x) z)) (+.f64 (*.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (+.f64 x #s(literal 216700011257/5000000000 binary64)) x) #s(literal 263505074721/1000000000 binary64)) x) #s(literal 156699607947/500000000 binary64)) x) #s(literal 23533438303/500000000 binary64)))

    1. Initial program 0.4%

      \[\frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(\left(x \cdot 4.16438922228 + 78.6994924154\right) \cdot x + 137.519416416\right) \cdot x + y\right) \cdot x + z\right)}{\left(\left(\left(x + 43.3400022514\right) \cdot x + 263.505074721\right) \cdot x + 313.399215894\right) \cdot x + 47.066876606} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y + x \cdot \left(\frac{4297481763}{31250000} + x \cdot \left(\frac{393497462077}{5000000000} + \frac{104109730557}{25000000000} \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(x - 2\right)\right)}{\frac{23533438303}{500000000} + x \cdot \left(\frac{156699607947}{500000000} + x \cdot \left(\frac{263505074721}{1000000000} + x \cdot \left(\frac{216700011257}{5000000000} + x\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites2.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(4.16438922228, x, 78.6994924154\right), x, 137.519416416\right), x, y\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(43.3400022514 + x, x, 263.505074721\right), x, 313.399215894\right), x, 47.066876606\right)}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in x around -inf

      \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot \frac{y - \frac{409304707811198655637810418659684985388407301}{3125000000000000000000000000000000000000}}{x} - \frac{2284450290879775841688574159837293}{625000000000000000000000000000}}{x} - \frac{13764240537310136880149}{125000000000000000000}}{x} - \frac{104109730557}{25000000000}\right)\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites97.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(-4.16438922228 - \frac{-110.1139242984811 - \frac{-3655.1204654076414 - \frac{y - 130977.50649958357}{x}}{x}}{x}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \]
    7. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    8. Final simplification97.9%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\left(z + \left(y + \left(137.519416416 + \left(78.6994924154 + 4.16438922228 \cdot x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x - 2\right)}{47.066876606 + \left(313.399215894 + \left(263.505074721 + \left(43.3400022514 + x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x} \leq 10^{+292}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(4.16438922228, x, 78.6994924154\right), x, 137.519416416\right), x, y\right), x, z\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(43.3400022514 + x, x, 263.505074721\right), x, 313.399215894\right), x, 47.066876606\right)} \cdot \left(x - 2\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\frac{-110.1139242984811 - \frac{-3655.1204654076414 - \frac{y - 130977.50649958357}{x}}{x}}{x} - -4.16438922228\right) \cdot x\\ \end{array} \]
    9. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 2: 96.4% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\frac{-110.1139242984811 - \frac{-3655.1204654076414 - \frac{y - 130977.50649958357}{x}}{x}}{x} - -4.16438922228\right) \cdot x\\ \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -2.4 \cdot 10^{+28}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 950000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(137.519416416, x, y\right), x, z\right) \cdot \left(x - 2\right)}{47.066876606 + \left(313.399215894 + \left(263.505074721 + \left(43.3400022514 + x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (x y z)
     :precision binary64
     (let* ((t_0
             (*
              (-
               (/
                (-
                 -110.1139242984811
                 (/ (- -3655.1204654076414 (/ (- y 130977.50649958357) x)) x))
                x)
               -4.16438922228)
              x)))
       (if (<= x -2.4e+28)
         t_0
         (if (<= x 950000000.0)
           (/
            (* (fma (fma 137.519416416 x y) x z) (- x 2.0))
            (+
             47.066876606
             (*
              (+ 313.399215894 (* (+ 263.505074721 (* (+ 43.3400022514 x) x)) x))
              x)))
           t_0))))
    double code(double x, double y, double z) {
    	double t_0 = (((-110.1139242984811 - ((-3655.1204654076414 - ((y - 130977.50649958357) / x)) / x)) / x) - -4.16438922228) * x;
    	double tmp;
    	if (x <= -2.4e+28) {
    		tmp = t_0;
    	} else if (x <= 950000000.0) {
    		tmp = (fma(fma(137.519416416, x, y), x, z) * (x - 2.0)) / (47.066876606 + ((313.399215894 + ((263.505074721 + ((43.3400022514 + x) * x)) * x)) * x));
    	} else {
    		tmp = t_0;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    function code(x, y, z)
    	t_0 = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(-110.1139242984811 - Float64(Float64(-3655.1204654076414 - Float64(Float64(y - 130977.50649958357) / x)) / x)) / x) - -4.16438922228) * x)
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (x <= -2.4e+28)
    		tmp = t_0;
    	elseif (x <= 950000000.0)
    		tmp = Float64(Float64(fma(fma(137.519416416, x, y), x, z) * Float64(x - 2.0)) / Float64(47.066876606 + Float64(Float64(313.399215894 + Float64(Float64(263.505074721 + Float64(Float64(43.3400022514 + x) * x)) * x)) * x)));
    	else
    		tmp = t_0;
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    code[x_, y_, z_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(N[(N[(-110.1139242984811 - N[(N[(-3655.1204654076414 - N[(N[(y - 130977.50649958357), $MachinePrecision] / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x), $MachinePrecision] - -4.16438922228), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[x, -2.4e+28], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[x, 950000000.0], N[(N[(N[(N[(137.519416416 * x + y), $MachinePrecision] * x + z), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x - 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(47.066876606 + N[(N[(313.399215894 + N[(N[(263.505074721 + N[(N[(43.3400022514 + x), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := \left(\frac{-110.1139242984811 - \frac{-3655.1204654076414 - \frac{y - 130977.50649958357}{x}}{x}}{x} - -4.16438922228\right) \cdot x\\
    \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -2.4 \cdot 10^{+28}:\\
    \;\;\;\;t\_0\\
    
    \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 950000000:\\
    \;\;\;\;\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(137.519416416, x, y\right), x, z\right) \cdot \left(x - 2\right)}{47.066876606 + \left(313.399215894 + \left(263.505074721 + \left(43.3400022514 + x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x}\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;t\_0\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if x < -2.39999999999999981e28 or 9.5e8 < x

      1. Initial program 12.8%

        \[\frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(\left(x \cdot 4.16438922228 + 78.6994924154\right) \cdot x + 137.519416416\right) \cdot x + y\right) \cdot x + z\right)}{\left(\left(\left(x + 43.3400022514\right) \cdot x + 263.505074721\right) \cdot x + 313.399215894\right) \cdot x + 47.066876606} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y + x \cdot \left(\frac{4297481763}{31250000} + x \cdot \left(\frac{393497462077}{5000000000} + \frac{104109730557}{25000000000} \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(x - 2\right)\right)}{\frac{23533438303}{500000000} + x \cdot \left(\frac{156699607947}{500000000} + x \cdot \left(\frac{263505074721}{1000000000} + x \cdot \left(\frac{216700011257}{5000000000} + x\right)\right)\right)}} \]
      4. Applied rewrites15.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(4.16438922228, x, 78.6994924154\right), x, 137.519416416\right), x, y\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(43.3400022514 + x, x, 263.505074721\right), x, 313.399215894\right), x, 47.066876606\right)}} \]
      5. Taylor expanded in x around -inf

        \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot \frac{y - \frac{409304707811198655637810418659684985388407301}{3125000000000000000000000000000000000000}}{x} - \frac{2284450290879775841688574159837293}{625000000000000000000000000000}}{x} - \frac{13764240537310136880149}{125000000000000000000}}{x} - \frac{104109730557}{25000000000}\right)\right)} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites95.6%

          \[\leadsto \left(-4.16438922228 - \frac{-110.1139242984811 - \frac{-3655.1204654076414 - \frac{y - 130977.50649958357}{x}}{x}}{x}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \]

        if -2.39999999999999981e28 < x < 9.5e8

        1. Initial program 99.2%

          \[\frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(\left(x \cdot 4.16438922228 + 78.6994924154\right) \cdot x + 137.519416416\right) \cdot x + y\right) \cdot x + z\right)}{\left(\left(\left(x + 43.3400022514\right) \cdot x + 263.505074721\right) \cdot x + 313.399215894\right) \cdot x + 47.066876606} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(z + x \cdot \left(y + \frac{4297481763}{31250000} \cdot x\right)\right)}}{\left(\left(\left(x + \frac{216700011257}{5000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{263505074721}{1000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{156699607947}{500000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{23533438303}{500000000}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(y + \frac{4297481763}{31250000} \cdot x\right) + z\right)}}{\left(\left(\left(x + \frac{216700011257}{5000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{263505074721}{1000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{156699607947}{500000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{23533438303}{500000000}} \]
          2. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(y + \frac{4297481763}{31250000} \cdot x\right) \cdot x} + z\right)}{\left(\left(\left(x + \frac{216700011257}{5000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{263505074721}{1000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{156699607947}{500000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{23533438303}{500000000}} \]
          3. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + \frac{4297481763}{31250000} \cdot x, x, z\right)}}{\left(\left(\left(x + \frac{216700011257}{5000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{263505074721}{1000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{156699607947}{500000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{23533438303}{500000000}} \]
          4. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{4297481763}{31250000} \cdot x + y}, x, z\right)}{\left(\left(\left(x + \frac{216700011257}{5000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{263505074721}{1000000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{156699607947}{500000000}\right) \cdot x + \frac{23533438303}{500000000}} \]
          5. lower-fma.f6497.1

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(137.519416416, x, y\right)}, x, z\right)}{\left(\left(\left(x + 43.3400022514\right) \cdot x + 263.505074721\right) \cdot x + 313.399215894\right) \cdot x + 47.066876606} \]
        5. Applied rewrites97.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(137.519416416, x, y\right), x, z\right)}}{\left(\left(\left(x + 43.3400022514\right) \cdot x + 263.505074721\right) \cdot x + 313.399215894\right) \cdot x + 47.066876606} \]
      7. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
      8. Final simplification96.4%

        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -2.4 \cdot 10^{+28}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\frac{-110.1139242984811 - \frac{-3655.1204654076414 - \frac{y - 130977.50649958357}{x}}{x}}{x} - -4.16438922228\right) \cdot x\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 950000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(137.519416416, x, y\right), x, z\right) \cdot \left(x - 2\right)}{47.066876606 + \left(313.399215894 + \left(263.505074721 + \left(43.3400022514 + x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot x}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\frac{-110.1139242984811 - \frac{-3655.1204654076414 - \frac{y - 130977.50649958357}{x}}{x}}{x} - -4.16438922228\right) \cdot x\\ \end{array} \]
      9. Add Preprocessing

      Developer Target 1: 98.8% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\frac{y}{x \cdot x} + 4.16438922228 \cdot x\right) - 110.1139242984811\\ \mathbf{if}\;x < -3.326128725870005 \cdot 10^{+62}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x < 9.429991714554673 \cdot 10^{+55}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x - 2}{1} \cdot \frac{\left(\left(\left(x \cdot 4.16438922228 + 78.6994924154\right) \cdot x + 137.519416416\right) \cdot x + y\right) \cdot x + z}{\left(\left(263.505074721 \cdot x + \left(43.3400022514 \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) + x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\right) + 313.399215894\right) \cdot x + 47.066876606}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (x y z)
       :precision binary64
       (let* ((t_0 (- (+ (/ y (* x x)) (* 4.16438922228 x)) 110.1139242984811)))
         (if (< x -3.326128725870005e+62)
           t_0
           (if (< x 9.429991714554673e+55)
             (*
              (/ (- x 2.0) 1.0)
              (/
               (+
                (*
                 (+
                  (* (+ (* (+ (* x 4.16438922228) 78.6994924154) x) 137.519416416) x)
                  y)
                 x)
                z)
               (+
                (*
                 (+
                  (+ (* 263.505074721 x) (+ (* 43.3400022514 (* x x)) (* x (* x x))))
                  313.399215894)
                 x)
                47.066876606)))
             t_0))))
      double code(double x, double y, double z) {
      	double t_0 = ((y / (x * x)) + (4.16438922228 * x)) - 110.1139242984811;
      	double tmp;
      	if (x < -3.326128725870005e+62) {
      		tmp = t_0;
      	} else if (x < 9.429991714554673e+55) {
      		tmp = ((x - 2.0) / 1.0) * (((((((((x * 4.16438922228) + 78.6994924154) * x) + 137.519416416) * x) + y) * x) + z) / (((((263.505074721 * x) + ((43.3400022514 * (x * x)) + (x * (x * x)))) + 313.399215894) * x) + 47.066876606));
      	} else {
      		tmp = t_0;
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      real(8) function code(x, y, z)
          real(8), intent (in) :: x
          real(8), intent (in) :: y
          real(8), intent (in) :: z
          real(8) :: t_0
          real(8) :: tmp
          t_0 = ((y / (x * x)) + (4.16438922228d0 * x)) - 110.1139242984811d0
          if (x < (-3.326128725870005d+62)) then
              tmp = t_0
          else if (x < 9.429991714554673d+55) then
              tmp = ((x - 2.0d0) / 1.0d0) * (((((((((x * 4.16438922228d0) + 78.6994924154d0) * x) + 137.519416416d0) * x) + y) * x) + z) / (((((263.505074721d0 * x) + ((43.3400022514d0 * (x * x)) + (x * (x * x)))) + 313.399215894d0) * x) + 47.066876606d0))
          else
              tmp = t_0
          end if
          code = tmp
      end function
      
      public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
      	double t_0 = ((y / (x * x)) + (4.16438922228 * x)) - 110.1139242984811;
      	double tmp;
      	if (x < -3.326128725870005e+62) {
      		tmp = t_0;
      	} else if (x < 9.429991714554673e+55) {
      		tmp = ((x - 2.0) / 1.0) * (((((((((x * 4.16438922228) + 78.6994924154) * x) + 137.519416416) * x) + y) * x) + z) / (((((263.505074721 * x) + ((43.3400022514 * (x * x)) + (x * (x * x)))) + 313.399215894) * x) + 47.066876606));
      	} else {
      		tmp = t_0;
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      def code(x, y, z):
      	t_0 = ((y / (x * x)) + (4.16438922228 * x)) - 110.1139242984811
      	tmp = 0
      	if x < -3.326128725870005e+62:
      		tmp = t_0
      	elif x < 9.429991714554673e+55:
      		tmp = ((x - 2.0) / 1.0) * (((((((((x * 4.16438922228) + 78.6994924154) * x) + 137.519416416) * x) + y) * x) + z) / (((((263.505074721 * x) + ((43.3400022514 * (x * x)) + (x * (x * x)))) + 313.399215894) * x) + 47.066876606))
      	else:
      		tmp = t_0
      	return tmp
      
      function code(x, y, z)
      	t_0 = Float64(Float64(Float64(y / Float64(x * x)) + Float64(4.16438922228 * x)) - 110.1139242984811)
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if (x < -3.326128725870005e+62)
      		tmp = t_0;
      	elseif (x < 9.429991714554673e+55)
      		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(x - 2.0) / 1.0) * Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(x * 4.16438922228) + 78.6994924154) * x) + 137.519416416) * x) + y) * x) + z) / Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(263.505074721 * x) + Float64(Float64(43.3400022514 * Float64(x * x)) + Float64(x * Float64(x * x)))) + 313.399215894) * x) + 47.066876606)));
      	else
      		tmp = t_0;
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
      	t_0 = ((y / (x * x)) + (4.16438922228 * x)) - 110.1139242984811;
      	tmp = 0.0;
      	if (x < -3.326128725870005e+62)
      		tmp = t_0;
      	elseif (x < 9.429991714554673e+55)
      		tmp = ((x - 2.0) / 1.0) * (((((((((x * 4.16438922228) + 78.6994924154) * x) + 137.519416416) * x) + y) * x) + z) / (((((263.505074721 * x) + ((43.3400022514 * (x * x)) + (x * (x * x)))) + 313.399215894) * x) + 47.066876606));
      	else
      		tmp = t_0;
      	end
      	tmp_2 = tmp;
      end
      
      code[x_, y_, z_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(N[(y / N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(4.16438922228 * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 110.1139242984811), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Less[x, -3.326128725870005e+62], t$95$0, If[Less[x, 9.429991714554673e+55], N[(N[(N[(x - 2.0), $MachinePrecision] / 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(x * 4.16438922228), $MachinePrecision] + 78.6994924154), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + 137.519416416), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + y), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + z), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(263.505074721 * x), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(43.3400022514 * N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(x * N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 313.399215894), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] + 47.066876606), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      t_0 := \left(\frac{y}{x \cdot x} + 4.16438922228 \cdot x\right) - 110.1139242984811\\
      \mathbf{if}\;x < -3.326128725870005 \cdot 10^{+62}:\\
      \;\;\;\;t\_0\\
      
      \mathbf{elif}\;x < 9.429991714554673 \cdot 10^{+55}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\frac{x - 2}{1} \cdot \frac{\left(\left(\left(x \cdot 4.16438922228 + 78.6994924154\right) \cdot x + 137.519416416\right) \cdot x + y\right) \cdot x + z}{\left(\left(263.505074721 \cdot x + \left(43.3400022514 \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) + x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\right) + 313.399215894\right) \cdot x + 47.066876606}\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;t\_0\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      

      Reproduce

      ?
      herbie shell --seed 2024230 
      (FPCore (x y z)
        :name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGamma from math-functions-0.1.5.2, C"
        :precision binary64
      
        :alt
        (! :herbie-platform default (if (< x -332612872587000500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000) (- (+ (/ y (* x x)) (* 104109730557/25000000000 x)) 1101139242984811/10000000000000) (if (< x 94299917145546730000000000000000000000000000000000000000) (* (/ (- x 2) 1) (/ (+ (* (+ (* (+ (* (+ (* x 104109730557/25000000000) 393497462077/5000000000) x) 4297481763/31250000) x) y) x) z) (+ (* (+ (+ (* 263505074721/1000000000 x) (+ (* 216700011257/5000000000 (* x x)) (* x (* x x)))) 156699607947/500000000) x) 23533438303/500000000))) (- (+ (/ y (* x x)) (* 104109730557/25000000000 x)) 1101139242984811/10000000000000))))
      
        (/ (* (- x 2.0) (+ (* (+ (* (+ (* (+ (* x 4.16438922228) 78.6994924154) x) 137.519416416) x) y) x) z)) (+ (* (+ (* (+ (* (+ x 43.3400022514) x) 263.505074721) x) 313.399215894) x) 47.066876606)))