Octave 3.8, oct_fill_randg

Percentage Accurate: 99.7% → 99.7%

Time: 12.1s

Alternatives: 12

Speedup: 2.4×

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := a - \frac{1}{3}\\ t\_0 \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot t\_0}} \cdot rand\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a rand)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (- a (/ 1.0 3.0))))
   (* t_0 (+ 1.0 (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt (* 9.0 t_0))) rand)))))

C

double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0);
	return t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, rand)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: rand
    real(8) :: t_0
    t_0 = a - (1.0d0 / 3.0d0)
    code = t_0 * (1.0d0 + ((1.0d0 / sqrt((9.0d0 * t_0))) * rand))
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0);
	return t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / Math.sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand));
}

Python

def code(a, rand):
	t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0)
	return t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / math.sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand))

Julia

function code(a, rand)
	t_0 = Float64(a - Float64(1.0 / 3.0))
	return Float64(t_0 * Float64(1.0 + Float64(Float64(1.0 / sqrt(Float64(9.0 * t_0))) * rand)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(a, rand)
	t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0);
	tmp = t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand));
end

Wolfram

code[a_, rand_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(a - N[(1.0 / 3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(t$95$0 * N[(1.0 + N[(N[(1.0 / N[Sqrt[N[(9.0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * rand), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Initial Program: 99.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := a - \frac{1}{3}\\ t\_0 \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot t\_0}} \cdot rand\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a rand)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (- a (/ 1.0 3.0))))
   (* t_0 (+ 1.0 (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt (* 9.0 t_0))) rand)))))

C

double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0);
	return t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, rand)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: rand
    real(8) :: t_0
    t_0 = a - (1.0d0 / 3.0d0)
    code = t_0 * (1.0d0 + ((1.0d0 / sqrt((9.0d0 * t_0))) * rand))
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0);
	return t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / Math.sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand));
}

Python

def code(a, rand):
	t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0)
	return t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / math.sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand))

Julia

function code(a, rand)
	t_0 = Float64(a - Float64(1.0 / 3.0))
	return Float64(t_0 * Float64(1.0 + Float64(Float64(1.0 / sqrt(Float64(9.0 * t_0))) * rand)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(a, rand)
	t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0);
	tmp = t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand));
end

Wolfram

code[a_, rand_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(a - N[(1.0 / 3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(t$95$0 * N[(1.0 + N[(N[(1.0 / N[Sqrt[N[(9.0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * rand), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Alternative 1: 99.7% accurate, 1.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{a + -0.3333333333333333}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}, rand, a + -0.3333333333333333\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a rand)
 :precision binary64
 (fma
  (/ (+ a -0.3333333333333333) (sqrt (fma 9.0 a -3.0)))
  rand
  (+ a -0.3333333333333333)))

C

double code(double a, double rand) {
	return fma(((a + -0.3333333333333333) / sqrt(fma(9.0, a, -3.0))), rand, (a + -0.3333333333333333));
}

Julia

function code(a, rand)
	return fma(Float64(Float64(a + -0.3333333333333333) / sqrt(fma(9.0, a, -3.0))), rand, Float64(a + -0.3333333333333333))
end

Wolfram

code[a_, rand_] := N[(N[(N[(a + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[N[(9.0 * a + -3.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * rand + N[(a + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right)} \]

   2. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right)} \]

   3. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand + 1\right)} \]

   4. distribute-lft-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot 1} \]

   5. *-lft-identity N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot rand\right)}\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot 1 \]

   6. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot \left(1 \cdot rand\right)\right)} + \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot 1 \]

   7. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 \cdot rand\right)} + \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot 1 \]

   8. *-rgt-identity N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 \cdot rand\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]

   9. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}, 1 \cdot rand, a - \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{a + -0.3333333333333333}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}, rand, a + -0.3333333333333333\right)} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 92.8% accurate, 1.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}\\ \mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -1.08 \cdot 10^{+85}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(rand \cdot t\_0\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 6.5 \cdot 10^{+75}:\\ \;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0 \cdot \left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a rand)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (sqrt (+ a -0.3333333333333333))))
   (if (<= rand -1.08e+85)
     (* 0.3333333333333333 (* rand t_0))
     (if (<= rand 6.5e+75)
       (+ a -0.3333333333333333)
       (* t_0 (* rand 0.3333333333333333))))))

C

double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = sqrt((a + -0.3333333333333333));
	double tmp;
	if (rand <= -1.08e+85) {
		tmp = 0.3333333333333333 * (rand * t_0);
	} else if (rand <= 6.5e+75) {
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
	} else {
		tmp = t_0 * (rand * 0.3333333333333333);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, rand)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: rand
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = sqrt((a + (-0.3333333333333333d0)))
    if (rand <= (-1.08d+85)) then
        tmp = 0.3333333333333333d0 * (rand * t_0)
    else if (rand <= 6.5d+75) then
        tmp = a + (-0.3333333333333333d0)
    else
        tmp = t_0 * (rand * 0.3333333333333333d0)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = Math.sqrt((a + -0.3333333333333333));
	double tmp;
	if (rand <= -1.08e+85) {
		tmp = 0.3333333333333333 * (rand * t_0);
	} else if (rand <= 6.5e+75) {
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
	} else {
		tmp = t_0 * (rand * 0.3333333333333333);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(a, rand):
	t_0 = math.sqrt((a + -0.3333333333333333))
	tmp = 0
	if rand <= -1.08e+85:
		tmp = 0.3333333333333333 * (rand * t_0)
	elif rand <= 6.5e+75:
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333
	else:
		tmp = t_0 * (rand * 0.3333333333333333)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(a, rand)
	t_0 = sqrt(Float64(a + -0.3333333333333333))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (rand <= -1.08e+85)
		tmp = Float64(0.3333333333333333 * Float64(rand * t_0));
	elseif (rand <= 6.5e+75)
		tmp = Float64(a + -0.3333333333333333);
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_0 * Float64(rand * 0.3333333333333333));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(a, rand)
	t_0 = sqrt((a + -0.3333333333333333));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (rand <= -1.08e+85)
		tmp = 0.3333333333333333 * (rand * t_0);
	elseif (rand <= 6.5e+75)
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
	else
		tmp = t_0 * (rand * 0.3333333333333333);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[a_, rand_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[Sqrt[N[(a + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[rand, -1.08e+85], N[(0.3333333333333333 * N[(rand * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[rand, 6.5e+75], N[(a + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision], N[(t$95$0 * N[(rand * 0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if rand < -1.08e85

   1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right)} \]

      2. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right)} \]

      3. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand + 1\right)} \]

      4. distribute-lft-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot 1} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 71.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(a + -0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot rand\right) \cdot 0.3333333333333333, \frac{1}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}}, a + -0.3333333333333333\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in rand around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot rand\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      3. associate-*l* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right)} \]

      5. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right)} \]

      6. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) \]

      7. sub-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) \]

      9. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3} + a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) \]

      10. lower-+.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3} + a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) \]

      11. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{-1}{3} + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]

      12. lower-*.f64 91.2

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{-0.3333333333333333 + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \]

   7. Applied rewrites 91.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{-0.3333333333333333 + a} \cdot \left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

   9. Applied rewrites 91.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333} \]

   if -1.08e85 < rand < 6.4999999999999998e75

   1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in rand around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{3}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sub-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)} \]

      2. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}} \]

      3. lower-+.f64 94.0

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 94.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]

   if 6.4999999999999998e75 < rand

   1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in rand around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right)} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right)} \]

      4. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) \]

      5. sub-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) \]

      6. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) \]

      7. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) \]

      8. lower-*.f64 90.5

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 90.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand\right)} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 92.8%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -1.08 \cdot 10^{+85}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 6.5 \cdot 10^{+75}:\\ \;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024229 
(FPCore (a rand)
  :name "Octave 3.8, oct_fill_randg"
  :precision binary64
  (* (- a (/ 1.0 3.0)) (+ 1.0 (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt (* 9.0 (- a (/ 1.0 3.0))))) rand))))