Linear.V4:$cdot from linear-1.19.1.3, C

Percentage Accurate: 95.5% → 97.8%

Time: 12.1s

Alternatives: 15

Speedup: 1.3×

• 41.7% of points produce a very large (infinite) output. You may want to add a precondition.

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(x \cdot y + z \cdot t\right) + a \cdot b\right) + c \cdot i \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b c i)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (+ (+ (* x y) (* z t)) (* a b)) (* c i)))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b, double c, double i) {
	return (((x * y) + (z * t)) + (a * b)) + (c * i);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a, b, c, i)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    real(8), intent (in) :: i
    code = (((x * y) + (z * t)) + (a * b)) + (c * i)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b, double c, double i) {
	return (((x * y) + (z * t)) + (a * b)) + (c * i);
}

Python

def code(x, y, z, t, a, b, c, i):
	return (((x * y) + (z * t)) + (a * b)) + (c * i)

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b, c, i)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(x * y) + Float64(z * t)) + Float64(a * b)) + Float64(c * i))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a, b, c, i)
	tmp = (((x * y) + (z * t)) + (a * b)) + (c * i);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_, c_, i_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision] + N[(z * t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(c * i), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 95.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(x \cdot y + z \cdot t\right) + a \cdot b\right) + c \cdot i \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b c i)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (+ (+ (* x y) (* z t)) (* a b)) (* c i)))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b, double c, double i) {
	return (((x * y) + (z * t)) + (a * b)) + (c * i);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a, b, c, i)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    real(8), intent (in) :: i
    code = (((x * y) + (z * t)) + (a * b)) + (c * i)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b, double c, double i) {
	return (((x * y) + (z * t)) + (a * b)) + (c * i);
}

Python

def code(x, y, z, t, a, b, c, i):
	return (((x * y) + (z * t)) + (a * b)) + (c * i)

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b, c, i)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(x * y) + Float64(z * t)) + Float64(a * b)) + Float64(c * i))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a, b, c, i)
	tmp = (((x * y) + (z * t)) + (a * b)) + (c * i);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_, c_, i_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision] + N[(z * t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(c * i), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 97.8% accurate, 1.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, y, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, c \cdot i\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b c i)
 :precision binary64
 (fma z t (fma x y (fma a b (* c i)))))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b, double c, double i) {
	return fma(z, t, fma(x, y, fma(a, b, (c * i))));
}

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b, c, i)
	return fma(z, t, fma(x, y, fma(a, b, Float64(c * i))))
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_, c_, i_] := N[(z * t + N[(x * y + N[(a * b + N[(c * i), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 96.9%

   \[\left(\left(x \cdot y + z \cdot t\right) + a \cdot b\right) + c \cdot i \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot y + z \cdot t\right) + a \cdot b\right) + c \cdot i} \]

   2. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot y + z \cdot t\right) + a \cdot b\right)} + c \cdot i \]

   3. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + z \cdot t\right) + \left(a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right)} \]

   4. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + z \cdot t\right)} + \left(a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right) \]

   5. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot t + x \cdot y\right)} + \left(a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right) \]

   6. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot t + \left(x \cdot y + \left(a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right)\right)} \]

   7. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot t} + \left(x \cdot y + \left(a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right)\right) \]

   8. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, x \cdot y + \left(a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right)\right)} \]

   9. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, \color{blue}{x \cdot y} + \left(a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right)\right) \]

   10. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, y, a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right)}\right) \]

   11. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, y, \color{blue}{a \cdot b} + c \cdot i\right)\right) \]

   12. lower-fma.f64 98.0

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, y, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, c \cdot i\right)}\right)\right) \]

4. Applied rewrites 98.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, y, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, c \cdot i\right)\right)\right)} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 66.4% accurate, 0.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(i, c, x \cdot y\right)\\ t_2 := \mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, a \cdot b\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;a \cdot b \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+82}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \cdot b \leq -1 \cdot 10^{-305}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \cdot b \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-141}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(i, c, z \cdot t\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \cdot b \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-35}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z t a b c i)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (fma i c (* x y))) (t_2 (fma z t (* a b))))
   (if (<= (* a b) -5e+82)
     t_2
     (if (<= (* a b) -1e-305)
       t_1
       (if (<= (* a b) 2e-141)
         (fma i c (* z t))
         (if (<= (* a b) 5e-35) t_1 t_2))))))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a, double b, double c, double i) {
	double t_1 = fma(i, c, (x * y));
	double t_2 = fma(z, t, (a * b));
	double tmp;
	if ((a * b) <= -5e+82) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if ((a * b) <= -1e-305) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if ((a * b) <= 2e-141) {
		tmp = fma(i, c, (z * t));
	} else if ((a * b) <= 5e-35) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else {
		tmp = t_2;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(x, y, z, t, a, b, c, i)
	t_1 = fma(i, c, Float64(x * y))
	t_2 = fma(z, t, Float64(a * b))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(a * b) <= -5e+82)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (Float64(a * b) <= -1e-305)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (Float64(a * b) <= 2e-141)
		tmp = fma(i, c, Float64(z * t));
	elseif (Float64(a * b) <= 5e-35)
		tmp = t_1;
	else
		tmp = t_2;
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_, b_, c_, i_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(i * c + N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(z * t + N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision], -5e+82], t$95$2, If[LessEqual[N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision], -1e-305], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision], 2e-141], N[(i * c + N[(z * t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision], 5e-35], t$95$1, t$95$2]]]]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (*.f64 a b) < -5.00000000000000015e82 or 4.99999999999999964e-35 < (*.f64 a b)

   1. Initial program 93.3%

      \[\left(\left(x \cdot y + z \cdot t\right) + a \cdot b\right) + c \cdot i \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot y + z \cdot t\right) + a \cdot b\right) + c \cdot i} \]

      2. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot y + z \cdot t\right) + a \cdot b\right)} + c \cdot i \]

      3. associate-+l+ N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + z \cdot t\right) + \left(a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right)} \]

      4. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + z \cdot t\right)} + \left(a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right) \]

      5. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot t + x \cdot y\right)} + \left(a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right) \]

      6. associate-+l+ N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot t + \left(x \cdot y + \left(a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right)\right)} \]

      7. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot t} + \left(x \cdot y + \left(a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right)\right) \]

      8. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, x \cdot y + \left(a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right)\right)} \]

      9. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, \color{blue}{x \cdot y} + \left(a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right)\right) \]

      10. lower-fma.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, y, a \cdot b + c \cdot i\right)}\right) \]

      11. lift-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, y, \color{blue}{a \cdot b} + c \cdot i\right)\right) \]

      12. lower-fma.f64 96.6

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, y, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, c \cdot i\right)}\right)\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 96.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, y, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, c \cdot i\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, \color{blue}{a \cdot b}\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 67.7

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, \color{blue}{a \cdot b}\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 67.7%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, \color{blue}{a \cdot b}\right) \]

   if -5.00000000000000015e82 < (*.f64 a b) < -9.99999999999999996e-306 or 2.0000000000000001e-141 < (*.f64 a b) < 4.99999999999999964e-35

   1. Initial program 97.1%

      \[\left(\left(x \cdot y + z \cdot t\right) + a \cdot b\right) + c \cdot i \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot y} + c \cdot i \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 62.8

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot y} + c \cdot i \]

   5. Applied rewrites 62.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot y} + c \cdot i \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot y + c \cdot i} \]

      2. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{c \cdot i + x \cdot y} \]

      3. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{c \cdot i} + x \cdot y \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{i \cdot c} + x \cdot y \]

      5. lower-fma.f64 63.3

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(i, c, x \cdot y\right)} \]

   7. Applied rewrites 63.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(i, c, x \cdot y\right)} \]

   if -9.99999999999999996e-306 < (*.f64 a b) < 2.0000000000000001e-141

   1. Initial program 97.8%

      \[\left(\left(x \cdot y + z \cdot t\right) + a \cdot b\right) + c \cdot i \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot b} + c \cdot i \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 35.9

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot b} + c \cdot i \]

   5. Applied rewrites 35.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot b} + c \cdot i \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot b + c \cdot i} \]

      2. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{c \cdot i + a \cdot b} \]

      3. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{c \cdot i} + a \cdot b \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{i \cdot c} + a \cdot b \]

      5. lower-fma.f64 35.9

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(i, c, a \cdot b\right)} \]

   7. Applied rewrites 35.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(i, c, a \cdot b\right)} \]

   8. Taylor expanded in z around inf

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(i, c, \color{blue}{t \cdot z}\right) \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 68.2

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(i, c, \color{blue}{t \cdot z}\right) \]

   10. Applied rewrites 68.2%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(i, c, \color{blue}{t \cdot z}\right) \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 66.4%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \cdot b \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+82}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, a \cdot b\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \cdot b \leq -1 \cdot 10^{-305}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(i, c, x \cdot y\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \cdot b \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-141}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(i, c, z \cdot t\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \cdot b \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-35}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(i, c, x \cdot y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z, t, a \cdot b\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024223 
(FPCore (x y z t a b c i)
  :name "Linear.V4:$cdot from linear-1.19.1.3, C"
  :precision binary64
  (+ (+ (+ (* x y) (* z t)) (* a b)) (* c i)))