Henrywood and Agarwal, Equation (13)

Percentage Accurate: 25.1% → 58.1%
Time: 19.3s
Alternatives: 8
Speedup: 156.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\ \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(t\_0 + \sqrt{t\_0 \cdot t\_0 - M \cdot M}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (c0 w h D d M)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ (* c0 (* d d)) (* (* w h) (* D D)))))
   (* (/ c0 (* 2.0 w)) (+ t_0 (sqrt (- (* t_0 t_0) (* M M)))))))
double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	return (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))));
}
real(8) function code(c0, w, h, d, d_1, m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: c0
    real(8), intent (in) :: w
    real(8), intent (in) :: h
    real(8), intent (in) :: d
    real(8), intent (in) :: d_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8) :: t_0
    t_0 = (c0 * (d_1 * d_1)) / ((w * h) * (d * d))
    code = (c0 / (2.0d0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (m * m))))
end function
public static double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	return (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + Math.sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))));
}
def code(c0, w, h, D, d, M):
	t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D))
	return (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + math.sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))))
function code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(c0 * Float64(d * d)) / Float64(Float64(w * h) * Float64(D * D)))
	return Float64(Float64(c0 / Float64(2.0 * w)) * Float64(t_0 + sqrt(Float64(Float64(t_0 * t_0) - Float64(M * M)))))
end
function tmp = code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	tmp = (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))));
end
code[c0_, w_, h_, D_, d_, M_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(c0 * N[(d * d), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(w * h), $MachinePrecision] * N[(D * D), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(c0 / N[(2.0 * w), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(t$95$0 + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(t$95$0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] - N[(M * M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\
\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(t\_0 + \sqrt{t\_0 \cdot t\_0 - M \cdot M}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 8 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 25.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\ \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(t\_0 + \sqrt{t\_0 \cdot t\_0 - M \cdot M}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (c0 w h D d M)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ (* c0 (* d d)) (* (* w h) (* D D)))))
   (* (/ c0 (* 2.0 w)) (+ t_0 (sqrt (- (* t_0 t_0) (* M M)))))))
double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	return (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))));
}
real(8) function code(c0, w, h, d, d_1, m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: c0
    real(8), intent (in) :: w
    real(8), intent (in) :: h
    real(8), intent (in) :: d
    real(8), intent (in) :: d_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8) :: t_0
    t_0 = (c0 * (d_1 * d_1)) / ((w * h) * (d * d))
    code = (c0 / (2.0d0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (m * m))))
end function
public static double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	return (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + Math.sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))));
}
def code(c0, w, h, D, d, M):
	t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D))
	return (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + math.sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))))
function code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(c0 * Float64(d * d)) / Float64(Float64(w * h) * Float64(D * D)))
	return Float64(Float64(c0 / Float64(2.0 * w)) * Float64(t_0 + sqrt(Float64(Float64(t_0 * t_0) - Float64(M * M)))))
end
function tmp = code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	tmp = (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))));
end
code[c0_, w_, h_, D_, d_, M_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(c0 * N[(d * d), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(w * h), $MachinePrecision] * N[(D * D), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(c0 / N[(2.0 * w), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(t$95$0 + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(t$95$0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] - N[(M * M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\
\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(t\_0 + \sqrt{t\_0 \cdot t\_0 - M \cdot M}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 58.1% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(t\_0 + \sqrt{t\_0 \cdot t\_0 - M \cdot M}\right) \leq \infty:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c0 \cdot d}{D \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot D\right) \cdot \frac{w}{c0 \cdot d}\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (c0 w h D d M)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ (* c0 (* d d)) (* (* w h) (* D D)))))
   (if (<=
        (* (/ c0 (* 2.0 w)) (+ t_0 (sqrt (- (* t_0 t_0) (* M M)))))
        INFINITY)
     (/ (* c0 d) (* D (* (* (* w h) D) (/ w (* c0 d)))))
     0.0)))
double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	double tmp;
	if (((c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))))) <= ((double) INFINITY)) {
		tmp = (c0 * d) / (D * (((w * h) * D) * (w / (c0 * d))));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	double tmp;
	if (((c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + Math.sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))))) <= Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY) {
		tmp = (c0 * d) / (D * (((w * h) * D) * (w / (c0 * d))));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(c0, w, h, D, d, M):
	t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D))
	tmp = 0
	if ((c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + math.sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))))) <= math.inf:
		tmp = (c0 * d) / (D * (((w * h) * D) * (w / (c0 * d))))
	else:
		tmp = 0.0
	return tmp
function code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(c0 * Float64(d * d)) / Float64(Float64(w * h) * Float64(D * D)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(c0 / Float64(2.0 * w)) * Float64(t_0 + sqrt(Float64(Float64(t_0 * t_0) - Float64(M * M))))) <= Inf)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(c0 * d) / Float64(D * Float64(Float64(Float64(w * h) * D) * Float64(w / Float64(c0 * d)))));
	else
		tmp = 0.0;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (((c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))))) <= Inf)
		tmp = (c0 * d) / (D * (((w * h) * D) * (w / (c0 * d))));
	else
		tmp = 0.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[c0_, w_, h_, D_, d_, M_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(c0 * N[(d * d), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(w * h), $MachinePrecision] * N[(D * D), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[(N[(c0 / N[(2.0 * w), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(t$95$0 + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(t$95$0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] - N[(M * M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], Infinity], N[(N[(c0 * d), $MachinePrecision] / N[(D * N[(N[(N[(w * h), $MachinePrecision] * D), $MachinePrecision] * N[(w / N[(c0 * d), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.0]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\
\mathbf{if}\;\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(t\_0 + \sqrt{t\_0 \cdot t\_0 - M \cdot M}\right) \leq \infty:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{c0 \cdot d}{D \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot D\right) \cdot \frac{w}{c0 \cdot d}\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (*.f64 (/.f64 c0 (*.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) w)) (+.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (sqrt.f64 (-.f64 (*.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D)))) (*.f64 M M))))) < +inf.0

    1. Initial program 72.5%

      \[\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} + \sqrt{\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} - M \cdot M}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in c0 around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{c0}^{2} \cdot {d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{c0}^{2} \cdot {d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)}} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{c0}^{2} \cdot {d}^{2}}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} \]
      3. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right)} \cdot {d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} \]
      4. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right)} \cdot {d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} \]
      5. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(d \cdot d\right)}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} \]
      6. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(d \cdot d\right)}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} \]
      7. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\color{blue}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)}} \]
      8. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} \]
      9. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} \]
      10. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(D \cdot D\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)}} \]
      11. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(D \cdot D\right) \cdot \left(h \cdot \color{blue}{\left(w \cdot w\right)}\right)} \]
      12. lower-*.f6462.4

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(D \cdot D\right) \cdot \left(h \cdot \color{blue}{\left(w \cdot w\right)}\right)} \]
    5. Applied rewrites62.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(D \cdot D\right) \cdot \left(h \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites78.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0 \cdot d}{D} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{c0 \cdot d}{\left(w \cdot \left(h \cdot D\right)\right) \cdot w}} \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites84.9%

          \[\leadsto \frac{c0 \cdot d}{D} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \frac{d}{w}}{\color{blue}{D \cdot \left(w \cdot h\right)}} \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites85.8%

            \[\leadsto \frac{c0 \cdot d}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(D \cdot \left(w \cdot h\right)\right) \cdot \frac{w}{c0 \cdot d}\right) \cdot D}} \]

          if +inf.0 < (*.f64 (/.f64 c0 (*.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) w)) (+.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (sqrt.f64 (-.f64 (*.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D)))) (*.f64 M M)))))

          1. Initial program 0.0%

            \[\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} + \sqrt{\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} - M \cdot M}\right) \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in c0 around -inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{{c0}^{2} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)}{w}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. associate-/l*N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({c0}^{2} \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}}{w}\right)} \]
            2. distribute-lft1-inN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({c0}^{2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-1 + 1\right) \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}}}{w}\right) \]
            3. metadata-evalN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({c0}^{2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0} \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}}{w}\right) \]
            4. mul0-lftN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({c0}^{2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0}}{w}\right) \]
            5. div0N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({c0}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{0}\right) \]
            6. mul0-rgtN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{0} \]
            7. metadata-eval48.8

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
          5. Applied rewrites48.8%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
        3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
        4. Final simplification60.9%

          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} + \sqrt{\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} - M \cdot M}\right) \leq \infty:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c0 \cdot d}{D \cdot \left(\left(\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot D\right) \cdot \frac{w}{c0 \cdot d}\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \end{array} \]
        5. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 2: 56.2% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(t\_0 + \sqrt{t\_0 \cdot t\_0 - M \cdot M}\right) \leq \infty:\\ \;\;\;\;c0 \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \left(\frac{d}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot D} \cdot \frac{d}{w \cdot D}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (c0 w h D d M)
         :precision binary64
         (let* ((t_0 (/ (* c0 (* d d)) (* (* w h) (* D D)))))
           (if (<=
                (* (/ c0 (* 2.0 w)) (+ t_0 (sqrt (- (* t_0 t_0) (* M M)))))
                INFINITY)
             (* c0 (* c0 (* (/ d (* (* w h) D)) (/ d (* w D)))))
             0.0)))
        double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
        	double t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
        	double tmp;
        	if (((c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))))) <= ((double) INFINITY)) {
        		tmp = c0 * (c0 * ((d / ((w * h) * D)) * (d / (w * D))));
        	} else {
        		tmp = 0.0;
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        public static double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
        	double t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
        	double tmp;
        	if (((c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + Math.sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))))) <= Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY) {
        		tmp = c0 * (c0 * ((d / ((w * h) * D)) * (d / (w * D))));
        	} else {
        		tmp = 0.0;
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        def code(c0, w, h, D, d, M):
        	t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D))
        	tmp = 0
        	if ((c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + math.sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))))) <= math.inf:
        		tmp = c0 * (c0 * ((d / ((w * h) * D)) * (d / (w * D))))
        	else:
        		tmp = 0.0
        	return tmp
        
        function code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
        	t_0 = Float64(Float64(c0 * Float64(d * d)) / Float64(Float64(w * h) * Float64(D * D)))
        	tmp = 0.0
        	if (Float64(Float64(c0 / Float64(2.0 * w)) * Float64(t_0 + sqrt(Float64(Float64(t_0 * t_0) - Float64(M * M))))) <= Inf)
        		tmp = Float64(c0 * Float64(c0 * Float64(Float64(d / Float64(Float64(w * h) * D)) * Float64(d / Float64(w * D)))));
        	else
        		tmp = 0.0;
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        function tmp_2 = code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
        	t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
        	tmp = 0.0;
        	if (((c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))))) <= Inf)
        		tmp = c0 * (c0 * ((d / ((w * h) * D)) * (d / (w * D))));
        	else
        		tmp = 0.0;
        	end
        	tmp_2 = tmp;
        end
        
        code[c0_, w_, h_, D_, d_, M_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(c0 * N[(d * d), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(w * h), $MachinePrecision] * N[(D * D), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[(N[(c0 / N[(2.0 * w), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(t$95$0 + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(t$95$0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] - N[(M * M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], Infinity], N[(c0 * N[(c0 * N[(N[(d / N[(N[(w * h), $MachinePrecision] * D), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(d / N[(w * D), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.0]]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        t_0 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\
        \mathbf{if}\;\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(t\_0 + \sqrt{t\_0 \cdot t\_0 - M \cdot M}\right) \leq \infty:\\
        \;\;\;\;c0 \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \left(\frac{d}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot D} \cdot \frac{d}{w \cdot D}\right)\right)\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;0\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Split input into 2 regimes
        2. if (*.f64 (/.f64 c0 (*.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) w)) (+.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (sqrt.f64 (-.f64 (*.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D)))) (*.f64 M M))))) < +inf.0

          1. Initial program 74.8%

            \[\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} + \sqrt{\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} - M \cdot M}\right) \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in c0 around inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{c0}^{2} \cdot {d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{c0}^{2} \cdot {d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)}} \]
            2. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{c0}^{2} \cdot {d}^{2}}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} \]
            3. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right)} \cdot {d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} \]
            4. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right)} \cdot {d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} \]
            5. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(d \cdot d\right)}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} \]
            6. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(d \cdot d\right)}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} \]
            7. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\color{blue}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)}} \]
            8. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} \]
            9. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)} \]
            10. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(D \cdot D\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(h \cdot {w}^{2}\right)}} \]
            11. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(D \cdot D\right) \cdot \left(h \cdot \color{blue}{\left(w \cdot w\right)}\right)} \]
            12. lower-*.f6457.0

              \[\leadsto \frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(D \cdot D\right) \cdot \left(h \cdot \color{blue}{\left(w \cdot w\right)}\right)} \]
          5. Applied rewrites57.0%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(c0 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(D \cdot D\right) \cdot \left(h \cdot \left(w \cdot w\right)\right)}} \]
          6. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites70.9%

              \[\leadsto c0 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c0 \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(w \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)\right)}\right)} \]
            2. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites73.0%

                \[\leadsto c0 \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{\left(D \cdot w\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(D \cdot \left(w \cdot h\right)\right)}}\right) \]
              2. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites77.4%

                  \[\leadsto c0 \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \left(\frac{d}{D \cdot \left(w \cdot h\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{d}{D \cdot w}}\right)\right) \]

                if +inf.0 < (*.f64 (/.f64 c0 (*.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) w)) (+.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (sqrt.f64 (-.f64 (*.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D)))) (*.f64 M M)))))

                1. Initial program 0.0%

                  \[\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} + \sqrt{\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} - M \cdot M}\right) \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in c0 around -inf

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{{c0}^{2} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)}{w}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. associate-/l*N/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({c0}^{2} \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}}{w}\right)} \]
                  2. distribute-lft1-inN/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({c0}^{2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-1 + 1\right) \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}}}{w}\right) \]
                  3. metadata-evalN/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({c0}^{2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0} \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}}{w}\right) \]
                  4. mul0-lftN/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({c0}^{2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0}}{w}\right) \]
                  5. div0N/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({c0}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{0}\right) \]
                  6. mul0-rgtN/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{0} \]
                  7. metadata-eval45.6

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
                5. Applied rewrites45.6%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
              3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
              4. Final simplification56.2%

                \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} + \sqrt{\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} - M \cdot M}\right) \leq \infty:\\ \;\;\;\;c0 \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \left(\frac{d}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot D} \cdot \frac{d}{w \cdot D}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \end{array} \]
              5. Add Preprocessing

              Reproduce

              ?
              herbie shell --seed 2024222 
              (FPCore (c0 w h D d M)
                :name "Henrywood and Agarwal, Equation (13)"
                :precision binary64
                (* (/ c0 (* 2.0 w)) (+ (/ (* c0 (* d d)) (* (* w h) (* D D))) (sqrt (- (* (/ (* c0 (* d d)) (* (* w h) (* D D))) (/ (* c0 (* d d)) (* (* w h) (* D D)))) (* M M))))))