UniformSampleCone 2

Percentage Accurate: 98.9% → 98.9%

Time: 23.0s

Alternatives: 28

Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

\[\left(\left(\left(\left(\left(-10000 \leq xi \land xi \leq 10000\right) \land \left(-10000 \leq yi \land yi \leq 10000\right)\right) \land \left(-10000 \leq zi \land zi \leq 10000\right)\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq ux \land ux \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq uy \land uy \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(0 \leq maxCos \land maxCos \leq 1\right)\]

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\ \left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
        (t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
        (t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) PI)))
   (+ (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi)) (* t_0 zi))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f - (t_0 * t_0)));
	float t_2 = (uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI);
	return (((cosf(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sinf(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux)
	t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(t_0 * t_0)))
	t_2 = Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi))
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + Float32(Float32(sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + Float32(t_0 * zi))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	t_1 = sqrt((single(1.0) - (t_0 * t_0)));
	t_2 = (uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi);
	tmp = (((cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
end

Initial Program: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\ \left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
        (t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
        (t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) PI)))
   (+ (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi)) (* t_0 zi))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f - (t_0 * t_0)));
	float t_2 = (uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI);
	return (((cosf(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sinf(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux)
	t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(t_0 * t_0)))
	t_2 = Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi))
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + Float32(Float32(sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + Float32(t_0 * zi))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	t_1 = sqrt((single(1.0) - (t_0 * t_0)));
	t_2 = (uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi);
	tmp = (((cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
end

Alternative 1: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 + t\_0 \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\\ t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\ \left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(t\_1 \cdot \sin t\_2\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)))
        (t_1 (sqrt (+ 1.0 (* t_0 (* ux (* maxCos (+ ux -1.0)))))))
        (t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) PI)))
   (+ (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* t_1 (sin t_2)) yi)) (* t_0 zi))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos);
	float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f + (t_0 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + -1.0f))))));
	float t_2 = (uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI);
	return (((cosf(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((t_1 * sinf(t_2)) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos))
	t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(t_0 * Float32(ux * Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))))))
	t_2 = Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi))
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + Float32(Float32(t_1 * sin(t_2)) * yi)) + Float32(t_0 * zi))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos);
	t_1 = sqrt((single(1.0) + (t_0 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + single(-1.0)))))));
	t_2 = (uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi);
	tmp = (((cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((t_1 * sin(t_2)) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Final simplification 98.7%

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sqrt{1 + \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.9% accurate, 1.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\\ t\_0 \cdot zi + \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + t\_0 \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\right) \cdot xi + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos))))
   (+
    (* t_0 zi)
    (+
     (*
      (*
       (cos (* (* uy 2.0) PI))
       (sqrt (+ 1.0 (* t_0 (* ux (* maxCos (+ ux -1.0)))))))
      xi)
     (* yi (sin (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos);
	return (t_0 * zi) + (((cosf(((uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI))) * sqrtf((1.0f + (t_0 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + -1.0f))))))) * xi) + (yi * sinf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI))))));
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos))
	return Float32(Float32(t_0 * zi) + Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi))) * sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(t_0 * Float32(ux * Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))))))) * xi) + Float32(yi * sin(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos);
	tmp = (t_0 * zi) + (((cos(((uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi))) * sqrt((single(1.0) + (t_0 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + single(-1.0)))))))) * xi) + (yi * sin((single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi))))));
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. lower-sin.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + yi \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. lower-PI.f32 98.6

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.6%

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

6. Final simplification 98.6%

   \[\leadsto \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot zi + \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\right) \cdot xi + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \]
7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.4% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ t_1 := \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.009499999694526196:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \mathsf{fma}\left(2, t\_1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), uy \cdot \left(t\_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right), -2 \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, t\_1, maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos t\_0, \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin t\_0, zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI)))
        (t_1
         (sqrt
          (fma
           (* maxCos maxCos)
           (* (* ux ux) (* (- 1.0 ux) (+ ux -1.0)))
           1.0))))
   (if (<= (* uy 2.0) 0.009499999694526196)
     (fma
      uy
      (fma
       2.0
       (* t_1 (* PI yi))
       (*
        uy
        (*
         t_1
         (fma
          -1.3333333333333333
          (* uy (* yi (* PI (* PI PI))))
          (* -2.0 (* xi (* PI PI)))))))
      (fma xi t_1 (* maxCos (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux zi)))))
     (fma xi (cos t_0) (fma yi (sin t_0) (* zi (* ux maxCos)))))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
	float t_1 = sqrtf(fmaf((maxCos * maxCos), ((ux * ux) * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux + -1.0f))), 1.0f));
	float tmp;
	if ((uy * 2.0f) <= 0.009499999694526196f) {
		tmp = fmaf(uy, fmaf(2.0f, (t_1 * (((float) M_PI) * yi)), (uy * (t_1 * fmaf(-1.3333333333333333f, (uy * (yi * (((float) M_PI) * (((float) M_PI) * ((float) M_PI))))), (-2.0f * (xi * (((float) M_PI) * ((float) M_PI)))))))), fmaf(xi, t_1, (maxCos * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * zi)))));
	} else {
		tmp = fmaf(xi, cosf(t_0), fmaf(yi, sinf(t_0), (zi * (ux * maxCos))));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
	t_1 = sqrt(fma(Float32(maxCos * maxCos), Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))), Float32(1.0)))
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) <= Float32(0.009499999694526196))
		tmp = fma(uy, fma(Float32(2.0), Float32(t_1 * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)), Float32(uy * Float32(t_1 * fma(Float32(-1.3333333333333333), Float32(uy * Float32(yi * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(pi))))), Float32(Float32(-2.0) * Float32(xi * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(pi)))))))), fma(xi, t_1, Float32(maxCos * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * zi)))));
	else
		tmp = fma(xi, cos(t_0), fma(yi, sin(t_0), Float32(zi * Float32(ux * maxCos))));
	end
	return tmp
end

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32)) < 0.00949999969

   1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\left(xi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \mathsf{fma}\left(2, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right), uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right), -2 \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)}, maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   if 0.00949999969 < (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32))

   1. Initial program 97.2%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]

      2. associate-+l+ N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)} \]

      3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)} \]

      4. lower-cos.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

      5. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

      6. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

      7. lower-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

      8. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)}\right) \]

      9. lower-sin.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)\right) \]

      10. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)\right) \]

      11. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right), maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)\right) \]

      12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)\right) \]

      13. associate-*r* N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi}\right)\right) \]

      14. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi}\right)\right) \]

      15. lower-*.f32 95.2

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)} \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   5. Applied rewrites 95.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 98.4%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.009499999694526196:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \mathsf{fma}\left(2, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right), -2 \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}, maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 98.8% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos t\_0, \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin t\_0, maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))
   (fma xi (cos t_0) (fma yi (sin t_0) (* maxCos (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux zi)))))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
	return fmaf(xi, cosf(t_0), fmaf(yi, sinf(t_0), (maxCos * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * zi)))));
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
	return fma(xi, cos(t_0), fma(yi, sin(t_0), Float32(maxCos * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * zi)))))
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   4. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   5. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. lower-PI.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

   9. lower-sin.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   10. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right), maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   13. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

   14. associate-*r* N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

   15. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

   16. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

6. Final simplification 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 97.5% accurate, 1.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ t_1 := \cos t\_0\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.04500000178813934:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, yi \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), \pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right), 2 \cdot \pi\right), xi \cdot t\_1\right), \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, t\_1, yi \cdot \sin t\_0\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI))) (t_1 (cos t_0)))
   (if (<= (* uy 2.0) 0.04500000178813934)
     (fma
      (sqrt
       (fma (* maxCos maxCos) (* (* ux ux) (* (- 1.0 ux) (+ ux -1.0))) 1.0))
      (fma
       uy
       (*
        yi
        (fma (* -1.3333333333333333 (* uy uy)) (* PI (* PI PI)) (* 2.0 PI)))
       (* xi t_1))
      (* (* ux maxCos) (* (- 1.0 ux) zi)))
     (fma xi t_1 (* yi (sin t_0))))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
	float t_1 = cosf(t_0);
	float tmp;
	if ((uy * 2.0f) <= 0.04500000178813934f) {
		tmp = fmaf(sqrtf(fmaf((maxCos * maxCos), ((ux * ux) * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux + -1.0f))), 1.0f)), fmaf(uy, (yi * fmaf((-1.3333333333333333f * (uy * uy)), (((float) M_PI) * (((float) M_PI) * ((float) M_PI))), (2.0f * ((float) M_PI)))), (xi * t_1)), ((ux * maxCos) * ((1.0f - ux) * zi)));
	} else {
		tmp = fmaf(xi, t_1, (yi * sinf(t_0)));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
	t_1 = cos(t_0)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) <= Float32(0.04500000178813934))
		tmp = fma(sqrt(fma(Float32(maxCos * maxCos), Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))), Float32(1.0))), fma(uy, Float32(yi * fma(Float32(Float32(-1.3333333333333333) * Float32(uy * uy)), Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(pi))), Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))), Float32(xi * t_1)), Float32(Float32(ux * maxCos) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi)));
	else
		tmp = fma(xi, t_1, Float32(yi * sin(t_0)));
	end
	return tmp
end

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32)) < 0.0450000018

   1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. Applied rewrites 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot uy\right)} \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      2. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      3. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      4. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      5. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      6. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      7. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      8. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      9. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      10. lift-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      11. lift-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      12. +-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. Applied rewrites 98.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(2 \cdot yi\right) \cdot \sqrt{\pi}, \sqrt{\pi}, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1.3333333333333333\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. Taylor expanded in yi around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right) + 2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]

   10. Applied rewrites 99.1%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, yi \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), \pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right), 2 \cdot \pi\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right), \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   if 0.0450000018 < (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32))

   1. Initial program 96.8%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. lower-cos.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      4. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      5. lower-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      6. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      7. lower-sin.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), yi \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      8. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      9. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

      10. lower-PI.f32 91.9

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right)\right) \]

   5. Applied rewrites 91.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 97.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.04500000178813934:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, yi \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), \pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right), 2 \cdot \pi\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right), \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 94.3% accurate, 1.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-maxCos \cdot maxCos, t\_0 \cdot t\_0, 1\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), \pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right), 2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot yi\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* ux (- 1.0 ux))))
   (fma
    maxCos
    (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux zi))
    (fma
     (* xi (cos (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))
     (sqrt (fma (- (* maxCos maxCos)) (* t_0 t_0) 1.0))
     (*
      (fma (* -1.3333333333333333 (* uy uy)) (* PI (* PI PI)) (* 2.0 PI))
      (* uy yi))))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = ux * (1.0f - ux);
	return fmaf(maxCos, ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * zi)), fmaf((xi * cosf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI))))), sqrtf(fmaf(-(maxCos * maxCos), (t_0 * t_0), 1.0f)), (fmaf((-1.3333333333333333f * (uy * uy)), (((float) M_PI) * (((float) M_PI) * ((float) M_PI))), (2.0f * ((float) M_PI))) * (uy * yi))));
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux))
	return fma(maxCos, Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * zi)), fma(Float32(xi * cos(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi))))), sqrt(fma(Float32(-Float32(maxCos * maxCos)), Float32(t_0 * t_0), Float32(1.0))), Float32(fma(Float32(Float32(-1.3333333333333333) * Float32(uy * uy)), Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(pi))), Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi))) * Float32(uy * yi))))
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 93.2%

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot uy\right)} \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. lift-PI.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. lift-PI.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. lift-PI.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   9. lift-PI.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   10. lift-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   11. lift-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   12. +-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

7. Applied rewrites 93.0%

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(2 \cdot yi\right) \cdot \sqrt{\pi}, \sqrt{\pi}, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1.3333333333333333\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

8. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\color{blue}{1} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(2 \cdot yi\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-4}{3}\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

10. Applied rewrites 92.9%

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\color{blue}{1} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(2 \cdot yi\right) \cdot \sqrt{\pi}, \sqrt{\pi}, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1.3333333333333333\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

11. Taylor expanded in yi around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right) + 2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]

13. Applied rewrites 93.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot \left(-maxCos\right), \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), 1\right)}, \left(uy \cdot yi\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), \pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right), 2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]

14. Final simplification 93.0%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), 1\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), \pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right), 2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot yi\right)\right)\right) \]
15. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 94.4% accurate, 1.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, yi \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), \pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right), 2 \cdot \pi\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right), \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (fma
  (sqrt (fma (* maxCos maxCos) (* (* ux ux) (* (- 1.0 ux) (+ ux -1.0))) 1.0))
  (fma
   uy
   (* yi (fma (* -1.3333333333333333 (* uy uy)) (* PI (* PI PI)) (* 2.0 PI)))
   (* xi (cos (* 2.0 (* uy PI)))))
  (* (* ux maxCos) (* (- 1.0 ux) zi))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return fmaf(sqrtf(fmaf((maxCos * maxCos), ((ux * ux) * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux + -1.0f))), 1.0f)), fmaf(uy, (yi * fmaf((-1.3333333333333333f * (uy * uy)), (((float) M_PI) * (((float) M_PI) * ((float) M_PI))), (2.0f * ((float) M_PI)))), (xi * cosf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI)))))), ((ux * maxCos) * ((1.0f - ux) * zi)));
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return fma(sqrt(fma(Float32(maxCos * maxCos), Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))), Float32(1.0))), fma(uy, Float32(yi * fma(Float32(Float32(-1.3333333333333333) * Float32(uy * uy)), Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(pi))), Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))), Float32(xi * cos(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))))), Float32(Float32(ux * maxCos) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi)))
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 93.2%

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot uy\right)} \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. lift-PI.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. lift-PI.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. lift-PI.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   9. lift-PI.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   10. lift-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   11. lift-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   12. +-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

7. Applied rewrites 93.0%

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(2 \cdot yi\right) \cdot \sqrt{\pi}, \sqrt{\pi}, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1.3333333333333333\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

8. Taylor expanded in yi around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right) + 2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]

10. Applied rewrites 93.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, yi \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), \pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right), 2 \cdot \pi\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right), \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

11. Final simplification 93.3%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, yi \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), \pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right), 2 \cdot \pi\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right), \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) \]
12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 93.9% accurate, 1.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\\ t_1 := yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\\ t_2 := 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\\ t_3 := \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-maxCos \cdot maxCos, t\_0 \cdot t\_0, 1\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.009499999694526196:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), t\_3, t\_1 \cdot \left(uy \cdot -1.3333333333333333\right)\right), t\_2\right), xi \cdot t\_3\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), uy \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, t\_1 \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), t\_2\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* ux (- 1.0 ux)))
        (t_1 (* yi (* PI (* PI PI))))
        (t_2 (* 2.0 (* PI yi)))
        (t_3 (sqrt (fma (- (* maxCos maxCos)) (* t_0 t_0) 1.0))))
   (if (<= (* uy 2.0) 0.009499999694526196)
     (fma
      maxCos
      (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux zi))
      (fma
       uy
       (fma
        uy
        (fma (* -2.0 (* xi (* PI PI))) t_3 (* t_1 (* uy -1.3333333333333333)))
        t_2)
       (* xi t_3)))
     (fma
      maxCos
      (* ux zi)
      (fma
       xi
       (cos (* 2.0 (* uy PI)))
       (* uy (fma -1.3333333333333333 (* t_1 (* uy uy)) t_2)))))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = ux * (1.0f - ux);
	float t_1 = yi * (((float) M_PI) * (((float) M_PI) * ((float) M_PI)));
	float t_2 = 2.0f * (((float) M_PI) * yi);
	float t_3 = sqrtf(fmaf(-(maxCos * maxCos), (t_0 * t_0), 1.0f));
	float tmp;
	if ((uy * 2.0f) <= 0.009499999694526196f) {
		tmp = fmaf(maxCos, ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * zi)), fmaf(uy, fmaf(uy, fmaf((-2.0f * (xi * (((float) M_PI) * ((float) M_PI)))), t_3, (t_1 * (uy * -1.3333333333333333f))), t_2), (xi * t_3)));
	} else {
		tmp = fmaf(maxCos, (ux * zi), fmaf(xi, cosf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI)))), (uy * fmaf(-1.3333333333333333f, (t_1 * (uy * uy)), t_2))));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux))
	t_1 = Float32(yi * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(pi))))
	t_2 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))
	t_3 = sqrt(fma(Float32(-Float32(maxCos * maxCos)), Float32(t_0 * t_0), Float32(1.0)))
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) <= Float32(0.009499999694526196))
		tmp = fma(maxCos, Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * zi)), fma(uy, fma(uy, fma(Float32(Float32(-2.0) * Float32(xi * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(pi)))), t_3, Float32(t_1 * Float32(uy * Float32(-1.3333333333333333)))), t_2), Float32(xi * t_3)));
	else
		tmp = fma(maxCos, Float32(ux * zi), fma(xi, cos(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))), Float32(uy * fma(Float32(-1.3333333333333333), Float32(t_1 * Float32(uy * uy)), t_2))));
	end
	return tmp
end

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32)) < 0.00949999969

   1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. Applied rewrites 99.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot uy\right)} \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      2. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      3. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      4. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      5. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      6. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      7. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      8. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      9. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      10. lift-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      11. lift-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      12. +-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. Applied rewrites 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(2 \cdot yi\right) \cdot \sqrt{\pi}, \sqrt{\pi}, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1.3333333333333333\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\color{blue}{1} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(2 \cdot yi\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-4}{3}\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

   10. Applied rewrites 98.8%

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\color{blue}{1} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(2 \cdot yi\right) \cdot \sqrt{\pi}, \sqrt{\pi}, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1.3333333333333333\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   11. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\left(xi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]

   13. Applied rewrites 99.2%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot \left(-maxCos\right), \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), 1\right)}, \left(-1.3333333333333333 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot \left(-maxCos\right), \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), 1\right)}\right)\right)} \]

   if 0.00949999969 < (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32))

   1. Initial program 97.2%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. Applied rewrites 74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \color{blue}{ux \cdot zi}, uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      5. lower-cos.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      6. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      7. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right), uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      8. lower-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right), uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      9. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

      10. lower-fma.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-4}{3}, {uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

   8. Applied rewrites 72.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), uy \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 92.8%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.009499999694526196:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), 1\right)}, \left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot -1.3333333333333333\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), 1\right)}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), uy \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 93.4% accurate, 1.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\\ t_1 := \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.00023999999393709004:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot zi + \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, t\_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), t\_0\right), xi \cdot t\_1\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), uy \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), t\_0\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* PI yi)))
        (t_1
         (sqrt
          (fma
           (* maxCos maxCos)
           (* (* ux ux) (* (- 1.0 ux) (+ ux -1.0)))
           1.0))))
   (if (<= (* uy 2.0) 0.00023999999393709004)
     (+
      (* (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)) zi)
      (fma uy (* t_1 (fma -2.0 (* uy (* xi (* PI PI))) t_0)) (* xi t_1)))
     (fma
      maxCos
      (* ux zi)
      (fma
       xi
       (cos (* 2.0 (* uy PI)))
       (*
        uy
        (fma
         -1.3333333333333333
         (* (* yi (* PI (* PI PI))) (* uy uy))
         t_0)))))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = 2.0f * (((float) M_PI) * yi);
	float t_1 = sqrtf(fmaf((maxCos * maxCos), ((ux * ux) * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux + -1.0f))), 1.0f));
	float tmp;
	if ((uy * 2.0f) <= 0.00023999999393709004f) {
		tmp = ((ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos)) * zi) + fmaf(uy, (t_1 * fmaf(-2.0f, (uy * (xi * (((float) M_PI) * ((float) M_PI)))), t_0)), (xi * t_1));
	} else {
		tmp = fmaf(maxCos, (ux * zi), fmaf(xi, cosf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI)))), (uy * fmaf(-1.3333333333333333f, ((yi * (((float) M_PI) * (((float) M_PI) * ((float) M_PI)))) * (uy * uy)), t_0))));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))
	t_1 = sqrt(fma(Float32(maxCos * maxCos), Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))), Float32(1.0)))
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) <= Float32(0.00023999999393709004))
		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos)) * zi) + fma(uy, Float32(t_1 * fma(Float32(-2.0), Float32(uy * Float32(xi * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(pi)))), t_0)), Float32(xi * t_1)));
	else
		tmp = fma(maxCos, Float32(ux * zi), fma(xi, cos(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))), Float32(uy * fma(Float32(-1.3333333333333333), Float32(Float32(yi * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(pi)))) * Float32(uy * uy)), t_0))));
	end
	return tmp
end

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32)) < 2.39999994e-4

   1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(uy, -2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. Applied rewrites 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   if 2.39999994e-4 < (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32))

   1. Initial program 97.9%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. Applied rewrites 84.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \color{blue}{ux \cdot zi}, uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      5. lower-cos.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      6. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      7. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right), uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      8. lower-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right), uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      9. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

      10. lower-fma.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-4}{3}, {uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

   8. Applied rewrites 82.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), uy \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 92.5%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.00023999999393709004:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot zi + \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), uy \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 91.4% accurate, 2.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\\ t_1 := \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.00023999999393709004:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot zi + \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, t\_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), t\_0\right), xi \cdot t\_1\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right)\right), t\_0\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* PI yi)))
        (t_1
         (sqrt
          (fma
           (* maxCos maxCos)
           (* (* ux ux) (* (- 1.0 ux) (+ ux -1.0)))
           1.0))))
   (if (<= (* uy 2.0) 0.00023999999393709004)
     (+
      (* (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)) zi)
      (fma uy (* t_1 (fma -2.0 (* uy (* xi (* PI PI))) t_0)) (* xi t_1)))
     (fma
      uy
      (fma -1.3333333333333333 (* (* PI (* PI PI)) (* yi (* uy uy))) t_0)
      (* xi (cos (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = 2.0f * (((float) M_PI) * yi);
	float t_1 = sqrtf(fmaf((maxCos * maxCos), ((ux * ux) * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux + -1.0f))), 1.0f));
	float tmp;
	if ((uy * 2.0f) <= 0.00023999999393709004f) {
		tmp = ((ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos)) * zi) + fmaf(uy, (t_1 * fmaf(-2.0f, (uy * (xi * (((float) M_PI) * ((float) M_PI)))), t_0)), (xi * t_1));
	} else {
		tmp = fmaf(uy, fmaf(-1.3333333333333333f, ((((float) M_PI) * (((float) M_PI) * ((float) M_PI))) * (yi * (uy * uy))), t_0), (xi * cosf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI))))));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))
	t_1 = sqrt(fma(Float32(maxCos * maxCos), Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))), Float32(1.0)))
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) <= Float32(0.00023999999393709004))
		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos)) * zi) + fma(uy, Float32(t_1 * fma(Float32(-2.0), Float32(uy * Float32(xi * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(pi)))), t_0)), Float32(xi * t_1)));
	else
		tmp = fma(uy, fma(Float32(-1.3333333333333333), Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(pi))) * Float32(yi * Float32(uy * uy))), t_0), Float32(xi * cos(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi))))));
	end
	return tmp
end

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32)) < 2.39999994e-4

   1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(uy, -2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. Applied rewrites 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   if 2.39999994e-4 < (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32))

   1. Initial program 97.9%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. Applied rewrites 84.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot uy\right)} \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      2. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      3. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      4. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      5. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      6. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      7. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      8. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      9. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      10. lift-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      11. lift-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      12. +-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. Applied rewrites 84.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(2 \cdot yi\right) \cdot \sqrt{\pi}, \sqrt{\pi}, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1.3333333333333333\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   10. Applied rewrites 79.9%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 91.5%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.00023999999393709004:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot zi + \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 88.4% accurate, 2.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.20000000298023224:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot zi + \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, t\_0 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right), xi \cdot t\_0\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0
         (sqrt
          (fma
           (* maxCos maxCos)
           (* (* ux ux) (* (- 1.0 ux) (+ ux -1.0)))
           1.0))))
   (if (<= (* uy 2.0) 0.20000000298023224)
     (+
      (* (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)) zi)
      (fma
       uy
       (* t_0 (fma -2.0 (* uy (* xi (* PI PI))) (* 2.0 (* PI yi))))
       (* xi t_0)))
     (fma maxCos (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) zi)) (* yi (sin (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = sqrtf(fmaf((maxCos * maxCos), ((ux * ux) * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux + -1.0f))), 1.0f));
	float tmp;
	if ((uy * 2.0f) <= 0.20000000298023224f) {
		tmp = ((ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos)) * zi) + fmaf(uy, (t_0 * fmaf(-2.0f, (uy * (xi * (((float) M_PI) * ((float) M_PI)))), (2.0f * (((float) M_PI) * yi)))), (xi * t_0));
	} else {
		tmp = fmaf(maxCos, (ux * ((1.0f - ux) * zi)), (yi * sinf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI))))));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = sqrt(fma(Float32(maxCos * maxCos), Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))), Float32(1.0)))
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) <= Float32(0.20000000298023224))
		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos)) * zi) + fma(uy, Float32(t_0 * fma(Float32(-2.0), Float32(uy * Float32(xi * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(pi)))), Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)))), Float32(xi * t_0)));
	else
		tmp = fma(maxCos, Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi)), Float32(yi * sin(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi))))));
	end
	return tmp
end

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32)) < 0.200000003

   1. Initial program 99.1%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(uy, -2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. Applied rewrites 92.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   if 0.200000003 < (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32))

   1. Initial program 95.3%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in xi around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 56.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \color{blue}{ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \color{blue}{\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      4. lower--.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - ux\right)}\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      5. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      6. lower-sin.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      7. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      8. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

      9. lower-PI.f32 56.0

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. Applied rewrites 56.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 88.5%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.20000000298023224:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot zi + \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 88.4% accurate, 2.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.20000000298023224:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, t\_0, \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, t\_0 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0
         (sqrt
          (fma
           (* maxCos maxCos)
           (* (* ux ux) (* (- 1.0 ux) (+ ux -1.0)))
           1.0))))
   (if (<= (* uy 2.0) 0.20000000298023224)
     (fma
      xi
      t_0
      (fma
       uy
       (* t_0 (fma -2.0 (* uy (* xi (* PI PI))) (* 2.0 (* PI yi))))
       (* maxCos (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux zi)))))
     (fma maxCos (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) zi)) (* yi (sin (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = sqrtf(fmaf((maxCos * maxCos), ((ux * ux) * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux + -1.0f))), 1.0f));
	float tmp;
	if ((uy * 2.0f) <= 0.20000000298023224f) {
		tmp = fmaf(xi, t_0, fmaf(uy, (t_0 * fmaf(-2.0f, (uy * (xi * (((float) M_PI) * ((float) M_PI)))), (2.0f * (((float) M_PI) * yi)))), (maxCos * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * zi)))));
	} else {
		tmp = fmaf(maxCos, (ux * ((1.0f - ux) * zi)), (yi * sinf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI))))));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = sqrt(fma(Float32(maxCos * maxCos), Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))), Float32(1.0)))
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) <= Float32(0.20000000298023224))
		tmp = fma(xi, t_0, fma(uy, Float32(t_0 * fma(Float32(-2.0), Float32(uy * Float32(xi * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(pi)))), Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)))), Float32(maxCos * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * zi)))));
	else
		tmp = fma(maxCos, Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi)), Float32(yi * sin(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi))))));
	end
	return tmp
end

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32)) < 0.200000003

   1. Initial program 99.1%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 92.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   if 0.200000003 < (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32))

   1. Initial program 95.3%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in xi around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 56.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \color{blue}{ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \color{blue}{\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      4. lower--.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - ux\right)}\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      5. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      6. lower-sin.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      7. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      8. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

      9. lower-PI.f32 56.0

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. Applied rewrites 56.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 88.5%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.20000000298023224:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 88.4% accurate, 2.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}\\ t_1 := ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.20000000298023224:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, t\_1, \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, t\_0 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right), xi \cdot t\_0\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, t\_1, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0
         (sqrt
          (fma
           (* maxCos maxCos)
           (* (* ux ux) (* (- 1.0 ux) (+ ux -1.0)))
           1.0)))
        (t_1 (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) zi))))
   (if (<= (* uy 2.0) 0.20000000298023224)
     (fma
      maxCos
      t_1
      (fma
       uy
       (* t_0 (fma -2.0 (* uy (* xi (* PI PI))) (* 2.0 (* PI yi))))
       (* xi t_0)))
     (fma maxCos t_1 (* yi (sin (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = sqrtf(fmaf((maxCos * maxCos), ((ux * ux) * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux + -1.0f))), 1.0f));
	float t_1 = ux * ((1.0f - ux) * zi);
	float tmp;
	if ((uy * 2.0f) <= 0.20000000298023224f) {
		tmp = fmaf(maxCos, t_1, fmaf(uy, (t_0 * fmaf(-2.0f, (uy * (xi * (((float) M_PI) * ((float) M_PI)))), (2.0f * (((float) M_PI) * yi)))), (xi * t_0)));
	} else {
		tmp = fmaf(maxCos, t_1, (yi * sinf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI))))));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = sqrt(fma(Float32(maxCos * maxCos), Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))), Float32(1.0)))
	t_1 = Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi))
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) <= Float32(0.20000000298023224))
		tmp = fma(maxCos, t_1, fma(uy, Float32(t_0 * fma(Float32(-2.0), Float32(uy * Float32(xi * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(pi)))), Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)))), Float32(xi * t_0)));
	else
		tmp = fma(maxCos, t_1, Float32(yi * sin(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi))))));
	end
	return tmp
end

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32)) < 0.200000003

   1. Initial program 99.1%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left({uy}^{2} \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. Applied rewrites 98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1.3333333333333333, \left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot uy\right)} \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      2. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      3. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      4. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      5. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      6. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      7. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      8. lift-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      9. lift-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      10. lift-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      11. lift-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      12. +-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(ux\right)\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(\left(\left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. Applied rewrites 98.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + uy \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(2 \cdot yi\right) \cdot \sqrt{\pi}, \sqrt{\pi}, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1.3333333333333333\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]

   10. Applied rewrites 92.4%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)}\right)\right)} \]

   if 0.200000003 < (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32))

   1. Initial program 95.3%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in xi around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 56.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \color{blue}{ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \color{blue}{\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)}, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      4. lower--.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - ux\right)}\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      5. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      6. lower-sin.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      7. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      8. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

      9. lower-PI.f32 56.0

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. Applied rewrites 56.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 88.4%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.20000000298023224:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2, uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 14: 85.5% accurate, 2.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.028599999845027924:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), zi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (if (<= (* uy 2.0) 0.028599999845027924)
   (fma
    (* maxCos (* ux (- 1.0 ux)))
    zi
    (*
     (sqrt
      (fma (* maxCos maxCos) (* (* ux ux) (* (- 1.0 ux) (+ ux -1.0))) 1.0))
     (fma uy (* 2.0 (* PI yi)) xi)))
   (fma maxCos (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux zi)) (* xi (cos (* 2.0 (* uy PI)))))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float tmp;
	if ((uy * 2.0f) <= 0.028599999845027924f) {
		tmp = fmaf((maxCos * (ux * (1.0f - ux))), zi, (sqrtf(fmaf((maxCos * maxCos), ((ux * ux) * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux + -1.0f))), 1.0f)) * fmaf(uy, (2.0f * (((float) M_PI) * yi)), xi)));
	} else {
		tmp = fmaf(maxCos, ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * zi)), (xi * cosf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI))))));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) <= Float32(0.028599999845027924))
		tmp = fma(Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux))), zi, Float32(sqrt(fma(Float32(maxCos * maxCos), Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))), Float32(1.0))) * fma(uy, Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)), xi)));
	else
		tmp = fma(maxCos, Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * zi)), Float32(xi * cos(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi))))));
	end
	return tmp
end

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32)) < 0.0285999998

   1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      2. distribute-rgt-out N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      3. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. Applied rewrites 93.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right), xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. Applied rewrites 93.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right), zi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right)\right)} \]

   if 0.0285999998 < (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32))

   1. Initial program 96.9%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in yi around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. associate-*l* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 56.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)}, xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)}, xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      4. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      5. lower--.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - ux\right)}, xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      6. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      7. lower-cos.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), xi \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      8. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), xi \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

      9. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

      10. lower-PI.f32 56.4

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. Applied rewrites 56.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 85.6%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.028599999845027924:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), zi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 15: 85.1% accurate, 2.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.028599999845027924:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), zi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (if (<= (* uy 2.0) 0.028599999845027924)
   (fma
    (* maxCos (* ux (- 1.0 ux)))
    zi
    (*
     (sqrt
      (fma (* maxCos maxCos) (* (* ux ux) (* (- 1.0 ux) (+ ux -1.0))) 1.0))
     (fma uy (* 2.0 (* PI yi)) xi)))
   (fma xi (cos (* 2.0 (* uy PI))) (* maxCos (* ux zi)))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float tmp;
	if ((uy * 2.0f) <= 0.028599999845027924f) {
		tmp = fmaf((maxCos * (ux * (1.0f - ux))), zi, (sqrtf(fmaf((maxCos * maxCos), ((ux * ux) * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux + -1.0f))), 1.0f)) * fmaf(uy, (2.0f * (((float) M_PI) * yi)), xi)));
	} else {
		tmp = fmaf(xi, cosf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI)))), (maxCos * (ux * zi)));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) <= Float32(0.028599999845027924))
		tmp = fma(Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux))), zi, Float32(sqrt(fma(Float32(maxCos * maxCos), Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))), Float32(1.0))) * fma(uy, Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)), xi)));
	else
		tmp = fma(xi, cos(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))), Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * zi)));
	end
	return tmp
end

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32)) < 0.0285999998

   1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      2. distribute-rgt-out N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      3. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. Applied rewrites 93.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right), xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. Applied rewrites 93.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right), zi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right)\right)} \]

   if 0.0285999998 < (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32))

   1. Initial program 96.9%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in yi around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. associate-*l* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 56.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]

      2. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)} \]

      3. lower-cos.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

      4. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

      5. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right), maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

      6. lower-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

      7. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)}\right) \]

      8. lower-*.f32 54.1

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot zi\right)}\right) \]

   8. Applied rewrites 54.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 85.2%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.028599999845027924:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), zi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 16: 84.4% accurate, 2.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.028599999845027924:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), zi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (if (<= (* uy 2.0) 0.028599999845027924)
   (fma
    (* maxCos (* ux (- 1.0 ux)))
    zi
    (*
     (sqrt
      (fma (* maxCos maxCos) (* (* ux ux) (* (- 1.0 ux) (+ ux -1.0))) 1.0))
     (fma uy (* 2.0 (* PI yi)) xi)))
   (* xi (cos (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float tmp;
	if ((uy * 2.0f) <= 0.028599999845027924f) {
		tmp = fmaf((maxCos * (ux * (1.0f - ux))), zi, (sqrtf(fmaf((maxCos * maxCos), ((ux * ux) * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux + -1.0f))), 1.0f)) * fmaf(uy, (2.0f * (((float) M_PI) * yi)), xi)));
	} else {
		tmp = xi * cosf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI))));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) <= Float32(0.028599999845027924))
		tmp = fma(Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux))), zi, Float32(sqrt(fma(Float32(maxCos * maxCos), Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))), Float32(1.0))) * fma(uy, Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)), xi)));
	else
		tmp = Float32(xi * cos(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))));
	end
	return tmp
end

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32)) < 0.0285999998

   1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      2. distribute-rgt-out N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      3. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. Applied rewrites 93.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right), xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. Applied rewrites 93.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right), zi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right)\right)} \]

   if 0.0285999998 < (*.f32 uy #s(literal 2 binary32))

   1. Initial program 96.9%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in yi around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. associate-*l* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 56.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. lower-cos.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto xi \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]

      3. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]

      4. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right) \]

      5. lower-PI.f32 50.7

         \[\leadsto xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right) \]

   8. Applied rewrites 50.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 84.5%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \cdot 2 \leq 0.028599999845027924:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), zi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 17: 82.2% accurate, 4.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), zi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (fma
  (* maxCos (* ux (- 1.0 ux)))
  zi
  (*
   (sqrt (fma (* maxCos maxCos) (* (* ux ux) (* (- 1.0 ux) (+ ux -1.0))) 1.0))
   (fma uy (* 2.0 (* PI yi)) xi))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return fmaf((maxCos * (ux * (1.0f - ux))), zi, (sqrtf(fmaf((maxCos * maxCos), ((ux * ux) * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux + -1.0f))), 1.0f)) * fmaf(uy, (2.0f * (((float) M_PI) * yi)), xi)));
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return fma(Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux))), zi, Float32(sqrt(fma(Float32(maxCos * maxCos), Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))), Float32(1.0))) * fma(uy, Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)), xi)))
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. distribute-rgt-out N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 80.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right), xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

7. Applied rewrites 80.4%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right), zi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right)\right)} \]

8. Final simplification 80.4%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), zi, \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, 2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right)\right) \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 18: 82.2% accurate, 4.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right), maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (fma
  (sqrt (fma (* maxCos maxCos) (* (* ux ux) (* (- 1.0 ux) (+ ux -1.0))) 1.0))
  (fma 2.0 (* uy (* PI yi)) xi)
  (* maxCos (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux zi)))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return fmaf(sqrtf(fmaf((maxCos * maxCos), ((ux * ux) * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux + -1.0f))), 1.0f)), fmaf(2.0f, (uy * (((float) M_PI) * yi)), xi), (maxCos * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * zi))));
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return fma(sqrt(fma(Float32(maxCos * maxCos), Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))), Float32(1.0))), fma(Float32(2.0), Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)), xi), Float32(maxCos * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * zi))))
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-+r+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. distribute-rgt-out N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 80.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right), xi\right), maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

6. Final simplification 80.3%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right), 1\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right), maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)\right) \]
7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 19: 82.1% accurate, 4.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ xi + \mathsf{fma}\left(ux, \mathsf{fma}\left(ux, \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(uy \cdot 2, \pi \cdot yi, xi\right), \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -0.5\right), maxCos \cdot \left(-zi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot zi\right), \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (+
  xi
  (fma
   ux
   (fma
    ux
    (fma
     (fma (* uy 2.0) (* PI yi) xi)
     (* (* maxCos maxCos) (+ ux -0.5))
     (* maxCos (- zi)))
    (* maxCos zi))
   (* (* uy 2.0) (* PI yi)))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return xi + fmaf(ux, fmaf(ux, fmaf(fmaf((uy * 2.0f), (((float) M_PI) * yi), xi), ((maxCos * maxCos) * (ux + -0.5f)), (maxCos * -zi)), (maxCos * zi)), ((uy * 2.0f) * (((float) M_PI) * yi)));
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return Float32(xi + fma(ux, fma(ux, fma(fma(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)), Float32(Float32(pi) * yi), xi), Float32(Float32(maxCos * maxCos) * Float32(ux + Float32(-0.5))), Float32(maxCos * Float32(-zi))), Float32(maxCos * zi)), Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))))
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. distribute-rgt-out N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 80.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right), xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi + \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot zi + ux \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot zi\right) + \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-+.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi + \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot zi + ux \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot zi\right) + \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot zi + ux \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot zi\right) + \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(ux, maxCos \cdot zi + ux \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot zi\right) + \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

8. Applied rewrites 80.2%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi + \mathsf{fma}\left(ux, \mathsf{fma}\left(ux, \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, yi \cdot \pi, xi\right), \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -0.5\right), -maxCos \cdot zi\right), maxCos \cdot zi\right), \left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]

9. Final simplification 80.2%

   \[\leadsto xi + \mathsf{fma}\left(ux, \mathsf{fma}\left(ux, \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(uy \cdot 2, \pi \cdot yi, xi\right), \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -0.5\right), maxCos \cdot \left(-zi\right)\right), maxCos \cdot zi\right), \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 20: 82.1% accurate, 5.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot zi + \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot ux, \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -0.5\right), 1\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (+
  (* (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)) zi)
  (*
   (fma 2.0 (* uy (* PI yi)) xi)
   (fma (* ux ux) (* (* maxCos maxCos) (+ ux -0.5)) 1.0))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return ((ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos)) * zi) + (fmaf(2.0f, (uy * (((float) M_PI) * yi)), xi) * fmaf((ux * ux), ((maxCos * maxCos) * (ux + -0.5f)), 1.0f));
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos)) * zi) + Float32(fma(Float32(2.0), Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi)), xi) * fma(Float32(ux * ux), Float32(Float32(maxCos * maxCos) * Float32(ux + Float32(-0.5))), Float32(1.0))))
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. distribute-rgt-out N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 80.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right), xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + {ux}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot {maxCos}^{2} + {maxCos}^{2} \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({ux}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot {maxCos}^{2} + {maxCos}^{2} \cdot ux\right) + 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({ux}^{2}, \frac{-1}{2} \cdot {maxCos}^{2} + {maxCos}^{2} \cdot ux, 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. unpow2 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{ux \cdot ux}, \frac{-1}{2} \cdot {maxCos}^{2} + {maxCos}^{2} \cdot ux, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{ux \cdot ux}, \frac{-1}{2} \cdot {maxCos}^{2} + {maxCos}^{2} \cdot ux, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot ux, \color{blue}{{maxCos}^{2} \cdot ux + \frac{-1}{2} \cdot {maxCos}^{2}}, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot ux, {maxCos}^{2} \cdot ux + \color{blue}{{maxCos}^{2} \cdot \frac{-1}{2}}, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. distribute-lft-out N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot ux, \color{blue}{{maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left(ux + \frac{-1}{2}\right)}, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot ux, \color{blue}{{maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left(ux + \frac{-1}{2}\right)}, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   9. unpow2 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot ux, \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)} \cdot \left(ux + \frac{-1}{2}\right), 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   10. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot ux, \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)} \cdot \left(ux + \frac{-1}{2}\right), 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   11. lower-+.f32 80.1

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot ux, \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(ux + -0.5\right)}, 1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right), xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

8. Applied rewrites 80.1%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot ux, \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -0.5\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right), xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

9. Final simplification 80.1%

   \[\leadsto \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot zi + \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right), xi\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot ux, \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux + -0.5\right), 1\right) \]
10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 21: 82.1% accurate, 9.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot zi + \mathsf{fma}\left(uy \cdot 2, \pi \cdot yi, xi\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (+ (* (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)) zi) (fma (* uy 2.0) (* PI yi) xi)))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return ((ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos)) * zi) + fmaf((uy * 2.0f), (((float) M_PI) * yi), xi);
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos)) * zi) + fma(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)), Float32(Float32(pi) * yi), xi))
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. distribute-rgt-out N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 80.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right), xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

6. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} + xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{2 \cdot uy}, yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, \color{blue}{yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. lower-PI.f32 80.1

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, yi \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}, xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

8. Applied rewrites 80.1%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, yi \cdot \pi, xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

9. Final simplification 80.1%

   \[\leadsto \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot zi + \mathsf{fma}\left(uy \cdot 2, \pi \cdot yi, xi\right) \]
10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 22: 82.1% accurate, 9.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ xi + \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot maxCos, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi, \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (+ xi (fma (* ux maxCos) (* (- 1.0 ux) zi) (* (* uy 2.0) (* PI yi)))))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return xi + fmaf((ux * maxCos), ((1.0f - ux) * zi), ((uy * 2.0f) * (((float) M_PI) * yi)));
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return Float32(xi + fma(Float32(ux * maxCos), Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi), Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))))
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. distribute-rgt-out N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 80.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right), xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

6. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi + \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-+.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi + \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto xi + \left(\color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)} + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot ux, zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto xi + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{maxCos \cdot ux}, zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto xi + \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot ux, \color{blue}{zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)}, 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. lower--.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto xi + \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot ux, zi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - ux\right)}, 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto xi + \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot ux, zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto xi + \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot ux, zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right) \]

   10. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto xi + \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot ux, zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right)} \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto xi + \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot ux, zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), \left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 80.1

       \[\leadsto xi + \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot ux, zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), \left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right) \]

8. Applied rewrites 80.1%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi + \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot ux, zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), \left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]

9. Final simplification 80.1%

   \[\leadsto xi + \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot maxCos, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi, \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 23: 79.3% accurate, 11.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(uy \cdot 2, \pi \cdot yi, xi\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (+ (* maxCos (* ux zi)) (fma (* uy 2.0) (* PI yi) xi)))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return (maxCos * (ux * zi)) + fmaf((uy * 2.0f), (((float) M_PI) * yi), xi);
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return Float32(Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * zi)) + fma(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)), Float32(Float32(pi) * yi), xi))
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. distribute-rgt-out N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 80.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right), xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi + \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-+r+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]

   2. lower-+.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]

   3. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \]

   4. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} + xi\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \]

   5. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), xi\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \]

   6. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{2 \cdot uy}, yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), xi\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \]

   7. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, \color{blue}{yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, xi\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \]

   8. lower-PI.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, yi \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, xi\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), xi\right) + \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]

   10. lower-*.f32 76.0

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, yi \cdot \pi, xi\right) + maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]

8. Applied rewrites 76.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, yi \cdot \pi, xi\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]

9. Final simplification 76.0%

   \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(uy \cdot 2, \pi \cdot yi, xi\right) \]
10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 24: 74.3% accurate, 20.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(uy \cdot 2, \pi \cdot yi, xi\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (fma (* uy 2.0) (* PI yi) xi))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return fmaf((uy * 2.0f), (((float) M_PI) * yi), xi);
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return fma(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)), Float32(Float32(pi) * yi), xi)
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. distribute-rgt-out N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 80.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right), xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

6. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi} \]

   2. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} + xi \]

   3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), xi\right)} \]

   4. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{2 \cdot uy}, yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), xi\right) \]

   5. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, \color{blue}{yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, xi\right) \]

   6. lower-PI.f32 70.0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, yi \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}, xi\right) \]

8. Applied rewrites 70.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot uy, yi \cdot \pi, xi\right)} \]

9. Final simplification 70.0%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(uy \cdot 2, \pi \cdot yi, xi\right) \]
10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 25: 31.9% accurate, 22.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos) :precision binary32 (* (* uy 2.0) (* PI yi)))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return (uy * 2.0f) * (((float) M_PI) * yi);
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	tmp = (uy * single(2.0)) * (single(pi) * yi);
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. distribute-rgt-out N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 80.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right), xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

6. Taylor expanded in xi around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}\right)} \]

   2. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), 2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}\right)\right)} \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, \color{blue}{ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)}, 2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \color{blue}{\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)}, 2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

   5. lower--.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - ux\right)}\right), 2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

   6. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}}\right) \]

   7. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}}\right) \]

   8. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), \color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}\right) \]

   10. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right)} \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}\right) \]

   13. lower-sqrt.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 + -1 \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}}\right) \]

8. Applied rewrites 37.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right), \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-ux\right)\right), 1\right)}\right)} \]

9. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]
10. Step-by-step derivation

    1. associate-*r* N/A

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]

    2. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]

    3. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right)} \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \]

    4. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]

    5. lower-PI.f32 30.6

       \[\leadsto \left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right) \]

11. Applied rewrites 30.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)} \]

12. Final simplification 30.6%

    \[\leadsto \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right) \]
13. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 26: 12.3% accurate, 32.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos) :precision binary32 (* zi (* ux maxCos)))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return zi * (ux * maxCos);
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
    real(4), intent (in) :: xi
    real(4), intent (in) :: yi
    real(4), intent (in) :: zi
    real(4), intent (in) :: ux
    real(4), intent (in) :: uy
    real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
    code = zi * (ux * maxcos)
end function

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return Float32(zi * Float32(ux * maxCos))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	tmp = zi * (ux * maxCos);
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in zi around inf

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)} \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)} \]

   4. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \]

   5. lower--.f32 14.7

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - ux\right)}\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 14.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]

   2. lower-*.f32 12.6

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]

8. Applied rewrites 12.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi} \]

   2. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)} \cdot zi \]

   4. lower-*.f32 12.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)} \cdot zi \]

10. Applied rewrites 12.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi} \]

11. Final simplification 12.6%

    \[\leadsto zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \]
12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 27: 12.3% accurate, 32.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot zi\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos) :precision binary32 (* ux (* maxCos zi)))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return ux * (maxCos * zi);
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
    real(4), intent (in) :: xi
    real(4), intent (in) :: yi
    real(4), intent (in) :: zi
    real(4), intent (in) :: ux
    real(4), intent (in) :: uy
    real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
    code = ux * (maxcos * zi)
end function

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return Float32(ux * Float32(maxCos * zi))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	tmp = ux * (maxCos * zi);
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in zi around inf

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)} \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)} \]

   4. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \]

   5. lower--.f32 14.7

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - ux\right)}\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 14.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]

   2. lower-*.f32 12.6

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]

8. Applied rewrites 12.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(zi \cdot ux\right)} \]

   2. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux} \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux} \]

   4. lower-*.f32 12.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot zi\right)} \cdot ux \]

10. Applied rewrites 12.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux} \]

11. Final simplification 12.6%

    \[\leadsto ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot zi\right) \]
12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 28: 12.3% accurate, 32.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos) :precision binary32 (* maxCos (* ux zi)))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return maxCos * (ux * zi);
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
    real(4), intent (in) :: xi
    real(4), intent (in) :: yi
    real(4), intent (in) :: zi
    real(4), intent (in) :: ux
    real(4), intent (in) :: uy
    real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
    code = maxcos * (ux * zi)
end function

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * zi))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	tmp = maxCos * (ux * zi);
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.7%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in zi around inf

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)} \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)} \]

   4. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \]

   5. lower--.f32 14.7

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - ux\right)}\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 14.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]

   2. lower-*.f32 12.6

      \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]

8. Applied rewrites 12.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024219 
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
  :name "UniformSampleCone 2"
  :precision binary32
  :pre (and (and (and (and (and (and (<= -10000.0 xi) (<= xi 10000.0)) (and (<= -10000.0 yi) (<= yi 10000.0))) (and (<= -10000.0 zi) (<= zi 10000.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 ux) (<= ux 1.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 uy) (<= uy 1.0))) (and (<= 0.0 maxCos) (<= maxCos 1.0)))
  (+ (+ (* (* (cos (* (* uy 2.0) PI)) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))))) xi) (* (* (sin (* (* uy 2.0) PI)) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))))) yi)) (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) zi)))