Simplification of discriminant from scale-rotated-ellipse

Percentage Accurate: 25.2% → 92.7%
Time: 24.6s
Alternatives: 4
Speedup: 40.5×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\ t_1 := \sin t\_0\\ t_2 := \cos t\_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t\_3 \cdot t\_3 - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))
        (t_1 (sin t_0))
        (t_2 (cos t_0))
        (t_3
         (/
          (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_1) t_2) x-scale)
          y-scale)))
   (-
    (* t_3 t_3)
    (*
     (*
      4.0
      (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale))
     (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale)))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * ((double) M_PI);
	double t_1 = sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (pow(b, 2.0) - pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * Math.PI;
	double t_1 = Math.sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (Math.pow(b, 2.0) - Math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((Math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((Math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * math.pi
	t_1 = math.sin(t_0)
	t_2 = math.cos(t_0)
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * (math.pow(b, 2.0) - math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale))
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(angle / 180.0) * pi)
	t_1 = sin(t_0)
	t_2 = cos(t_0)
	t_3 = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	return Float64(Float64(t_3 * t_3) - Float64(Float64(4.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * pi;
	t_1 = sin(t_0);
	t_2 = cos(t_0);
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * ((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	tmp = (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((((a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((((a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(t$95$3 * t$95$3), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(4.0 * N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := \sin t\_0\\
t_2 := \cos t\_0\\
t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t\_3 \cdot t\_3 - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 4 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 25.2% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\ t_1 := \sin t\_0\\ t_2 := \cos t\_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t\_3 \cdot t\_3 - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))
        (t_1 (sin t_0))
        (t_2 (cos t_0))
        (t_3
         (/
          (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_1) t_2) x-scale)
          y-scale)))
   (-
    (* t_3 t_3)
    (*
     (*
      4.0
      (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale))
     (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale)))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * ((double) M_PI);
	double t_1 = sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (pow(b, 2.0) - pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * Math.PI;
	double t_1 = Math.sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (Math.pow(b, 2.0) - Math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((Math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((Math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * math.pi
	t_1 = math.sin(t_0)
	t_2 = math.cos(t_0)
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * (math.pow(b, 2.0) - math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale))
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(angle / 180.0) * pi)
	t_1 = sin(t_0)
	t_2 = cos(t_0)
	t_3 = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	return Float64(Float64(t_3 * t_3) - Float64(Float64(4.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * pi;
	t_1 = sin(t_0);
	t_2 = cos(t_0);
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * ((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	tmp = (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((((a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((((a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(t$95$3 * t$95$3), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(4.0 * N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := \sin t\_0\\
t_2 := \cos t\_0\\
t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t\_3 \cdot t\_3 - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 92.7% accurate, 35.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(a \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left(b \cdot -4\right)}{x-scale \cdot y-scale} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* a (/ b (* x-scale y-scale))) (/ (* a (* b -4.0)) (* x-scale y-scale))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	return (a * (b / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale))) * ((a * (b * -4.0)) / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale, y_45scale)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: angle
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale
    real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale
    code = (a * (b / (x_45scale * y_45scale))) * ((a * (b * (-4.0d0))) / (x_45scale * y_45scale))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	return (a * (b / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale))) * ((a * (b * -4.0)) / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale));
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	return (a * (b / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale))) * ((a * (b * -4.0)) / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale))
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	return Float64(Float64(a * Float64(b / Float64(x_45_scale * y_45_scale))) * Float64(Float64(a * Float64(b * -4.0)) / Float64(x_45_scale * y_45_scale)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	tmp = (a * (b / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale))) * ((a * (b * -4.0)) / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale));
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := N[(N[(a * N[(b / N[(x$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(a * N[(b * -4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(a \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left(b \cdot -4\right)}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 27.5%

    \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
    2. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
    3. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left({b}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2}\right)}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
    4. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot {b}^{2}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
    5. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot {b}^{2}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
    6. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot {b}^{2}\right)} \cdot {a}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
    7. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot b\right)}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
    8. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot b\right)}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
    9. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot a\right)}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
    10. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot a\right)}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
    11. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
    12. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot {y-scale}^{2}\right)}} \]
    13. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot {y-scale}^{2}\right)}} \]
    14. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot {y-scale}^{2}\right)}} \]
    15. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}\right)} \]
    16. lower-*.f6456.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Applied rewrites56.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right)}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Applied rewrites68.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{a \cdot \left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{a}{x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites84.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{a \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(-4 \cdot b\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot y-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}} \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites93.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(\frac{b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale} \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot \left(-4 \cdot b\right)}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}} \]
        2. Final simplification93.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(a \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left(b \cdot -4\right)}{x-scale \cdot y-scale} \]
        3. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 2: 90.0% accurate, 35.9× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ a \cdot \left(\frac{b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left(b \cdot -4\right)}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right) \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
         :precision binary64
         (* a (* (/ b (* x-scale y-scale)) (/ (* a (* b -4.0)) (* x-scale y-scale)))))
        double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
        	return a * ((b / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * ((a * (b * -4.0)) / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)));
        }
        
        real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale, y_45scale)
            real(8), intent (in) :: a
            real(8), intent (in) :: b
            real(8), intent (in) :: angle
            real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale
            real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale
            code = a * ((b / (x_45scale * y_45scale)) * ((a * (b * (-4.0d0))) / (x_45scale * y_45scale)))
        end function
        
        public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
        	return a * ((b / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * ((a * (b * -4.0)) / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)));
        }
        
        def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
        	return a * ((b / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * ((a * (b * -4.0)) / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)))
        
        function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
        	return Float64(a * Float64(Float64(b / Float64(x_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * Float64(Float64(a * Float64(b * -4.0)) / Float64(x_45_scale * y_45_scale))))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
        	tmp = a * ((b / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * ((a * (b * -4.0)) / (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)));
        end
        
        code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := N[(a * N[(N[(b / N[(x$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(a * N[(b * -4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        a \cdot \left(\frac{b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left(b \cdot -4\right)}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 27.5%

          \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-*r/N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
          2. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
          3. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left({b}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2}\right)}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
          4. associate-*r*N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot {b}^{2}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
          5. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot {b}^{2}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
          6. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot {b}^{2}\right)} \cdot {a}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
          7. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot b\right)}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
          8. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot b\right)}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
          9. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot a\right)}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
          10. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot a\right)}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
          11. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
          12. associate-*l*N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot {y-scale}^{2}\right)}} \]
          13. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot {y-scale}^{2}\right)}} \]
          14. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot {y-scale}^{2}\right)}} \]
          15. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}\right)} \]
          16. lower-*.f6456.0

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}\right)} \]
        5. Applied rewrites56.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right)}} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites68.3%

            \[\leadsto \frac{a \cdot \left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{a}{x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}} \]
          2. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites84.7%

              \[\leadsto \frac{a \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(-4 \cdot b\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot y-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}} \]
            2. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites89.6%

                \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a \cdot \left(-4 \cdot b\right)}{x-scale \cdot y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)} \]
              2. Final simplification89.6%

                \[\leadsto a \cdot \left(\frac{b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left(b \cdot -4\right)}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right) \]
              3. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 3: 78.1% accurate, 40.5× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ a \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot \left(b \cdot -4\right)\right) \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right)}\right) \end{array} \]
              (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
               :precision binary64
               (* a (* (* a (* b -4.0)) (/ b (* x-scale (* y-scale (* x-scale y-scale)))))))
              double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
              	return a * ((a * (b * -4.0)) * (b / (x_45_scale * (y_45_scale * (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)))));
              }
              
              real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale, y_45scale)
                  real(8), intent (in) :: a
                  real(8), intent (in) :: b
                  real(8), intent (in) :: angle
                  real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale
                  real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale
                  code = a * ((a * (b * (-4.0d0))) * (b / (x_45scale * (y_45scale * (x_45scale * y_45scale)))))
              end function
              
              public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
              	return a * ((a * (b * -4.0)) * (b / (x_45_scale * (y_45_scale * (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)))));
              }
              
              def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
              	return a * ((a * (b * -4.0)) * (b / (x_45_scale * (y_45_scale * (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)))))
              
              function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
              	return Float64(a * Float64(Float64(a * Float64(b * -4.0)) * Float64(b / Float64(x_45_scale * Float64(y_45_scale * Float64(x_45_scale * y_45_scale))))))
              end
              
              function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
              	tmp = a * ((a * (b * -4.0)) * (b / (x_45_scale * (y_45_scale * (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)))));
              end
              
              code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := N[(a * N[(N[(a * N[(b * -4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b / N[(x$45$scale * N[(y$45$scale * N[(x$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              
              \\
              a \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot \left(b \cdot -4\right)\right) \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right)}\right)
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Initial program 27.5%

                \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. associate-*r/N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
                2. lower-/.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
                3. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left({b}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2}\right)}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                4. associate-*r*N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot {b}^{2}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                5. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot {b}^{2}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                6. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot {b}^{2}\right)} \cdot {a}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                7. unpow2N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot b\right)}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                8. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot b\right)}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                9. unpow2N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot a\right)}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                10. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot a\right)}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                11. unpow2N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                12. associate-*l*N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot {y-scale}^{2}\right)}} \]
                13. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot {y-scale}^{2}\right)}} \]
                14. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot {y-scale}^{2}\right)}} \]
                15. unpow2N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}\right)} \]
                16. lower-*.f6456.0

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}\right)} \]
              5. Applied rewrites56.0%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right)}} \]
              6. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites68.3%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{a \cdot \left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{a}{x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}} \]
                2. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites73.9%

                    \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(a \cdot \left(-4 \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right)}\right)} \]
                  2. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites81.9%

                      \[\leadsto a \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot \left(-4 \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale \cdot \left(\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot \color{blue}{y-scale}\right)}\right) \]
                    2. Final simplification81.9%

                      \[\leadsto a \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot \left(b \cdot -4\right)\right) \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right)}\right) \]
                    3. Add Preprocessing

                    Alternative 4: 70.3% accurate, 40.5× speedup?

                    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ a \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot \left(b \cdot -4\right)\right) \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right)}\right) \end{array} \]
                    (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
                     :precision binary64
                     (* a (* (* a (* b -4.0)) (/ b (* x-scale (* x-scale (* y-scale y-scale)))))))
                    double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
                    	return a * ((a * (b * -4.0)) * (b / (x_45_scale * (x_45_scale * (y_45_scale * y_45_scale)))));
                    }
                    
                    real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale, y_45scale)
                        real(8), intent (in) :: a
                        real(8), intent (in) :: b
                        real(8), intent (in) :: angle
                        real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale
                        real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale
                        code = a * ((a * (b * (-4.0d0))) * (b / (x_45scale * (x_45scale * (y_45scale * y_45scale)))))
                    end function
                    
                    public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
                    	return a * ((a * (b * -4.0)) * (b / (x_45_scale * (x_45_scale * (y_45_scale * y_45_scale)))));
                    }
                    
                    def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
                    	return a * ((a * (b * -4.0)) * (b / (x_45_scale * (x_45_scale * (y_45_scale * y_45_scale)))))
                    
                    function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
                    	return Float64(a * Float64(Float64(a * Float64(b * -4.0)) * Float64(b / Float64(x_45_scale * Float64(x_45_scale * Float64(y_45_scale * y_45_scale))))))
                    end
                    
                    function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
                    	tmp = a * ((a * (b * -4.0)) * (b / (x_45_scale * (x_45_scale * (y_45_scale * y_45_scale)))));
                    end
                    
                    code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := N[(a * N[(N[(a * N[(b * -4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b / N[(x$45$scale * N[(x$45$scale * N[(y$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                    
                    \begin{array}{l}
                    
                    \\
                    a \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot \left(b \cdot -4\right)\right) \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right)}\right)
                    \end{array}
                    
                    Derivation
                    1. Initial program 27.5%

                      \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing
                    3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. associate-*r/N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
                      2. lower-/.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
                      3. *-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left({b}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2}\right)}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                      4. associate-*r*N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot {b}^{2}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                      5. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot {b}^{2}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                      6. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot {b}^{2}\right)} \cdot {a}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                      7. unpow2N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot b\right)}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                      8. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot b\right)}\right) \cdot {a}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                      9. unpow2N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot a\right)}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                      10. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot a\right)}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                      11. unpow2N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                      12. associate-*l*N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot {y-scale}^{2}\right)}} \]
                      13. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot {y-scale}^{2}\right)}} \]
                      14. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot {y-scale}^{2}\right)}} \]
                      15. unpow2N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}\right)} \]
                      16. lower-*.f6456.0

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}\right)} \]
                    5. Applied rewrites56.0%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right)}} \]
                    6. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites68.3%

                        \[\leadsto \frac{a \cdot \left(-4 \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{a}{x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}} \]
                      2. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Applied rewrites73.9%

                          \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(a \cdot \left(-4 \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right)}\right)} \]
                        2. Final simplification73.9%

                          \[\leadsto a \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot \left(b \cdot -4\right)\right) \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right)}\right) \]
                        3. Add Preprocessing

                        Reproduce

                        ?
                        herbie shell --seed 2024219 
                        (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
                          :name "Simplification of discriminant from scale-rotated-ellipse"
                          :precision binary64
                          (- (* (/ (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) x-scale) y-scale) (/ (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) x-scale) y-scale)) (* (* 4.0 (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale)) (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale))))