Radioactive exchange between two surfaces

Percentage Accurate: 85.9% → 99.9%

Time: 10.2s

Alternatives: 6

Speedup: 7.4×

• 61.1% of points produce a very large (infinite) output. You may want to add a precondition.

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (- (pow x 4.0) (pow y 4.0)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return pow(x, 4.0) - pow(y, 4.0);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = (x ** 4.0d0) - (y ** 4.0d0)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return Math.pow(x, 4.0) - Math.pow(y, 4.0);
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return math.pow(x, 4.0) - math.pow(y, 4.0)

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64((x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = (x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[Power[x, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[y, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 85.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (- (pow x 4.0) (pow y 4.0)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return pow(x, 4.0) - pow(y, 4.0);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = (x ** 4.0d0) - (y ** 4.0d0)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return Math.pow(x, 4.0) - Math.pow(y, 4.0);
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return math.pow(x, 4.0) - math.pow(y, 4.0)

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64((x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = (x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[Power[x, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[y, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 99.9% accurate, 7.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x - y\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (* (+ x y) (* (- x y) (fma x x (* y y)))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return (x + y) * ((x - y) * fma(x, x, (y * y)));
}

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(Float64(x + y) * Float64(Float64(x - y) * fma(x, x, Float64(y * y))))
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x * x + N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 85.5%

   \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. sqr-pow N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}} - {y}^{4} \]

   2. sqr-pow N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - \color{blue}{{y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}} \]

   3. difference-of-squares N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \]

   4. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \]

   5. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \left({x}^{\color{blue}{2}} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   6. unpow2 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot x} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   7. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, {y}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   9. unpow2 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, \color{blue}{y \cdot y}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   10. lower-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, \color{blue}{y \cdot y}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   11. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\color{blue}{2}} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   12. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot x} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   13. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x - {y}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \]

   14. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x - \color{blue}{y \cdot y}\right) \]

   15. difference-of-squares N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

   16. lower-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

   17. lower-+.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)} \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

   18. lower--.f64 99.8

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x - y\right)}\right) \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot x + \color{blue}{y \cdot y}\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

   2. lift-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

   3. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)} \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

   4. lift--.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x - y\right)}\right) \]

   5. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

   6. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right)} \]

   7. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \]

   8. associate-*l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x - y\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right)\right)} \]

   9. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x - y\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right)\right)} \]

   10. lower-*.f64 99.9

       \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x - y\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right)\right)} \]

6. Applied rewrites 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x - y\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right)\right)} \]
7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.0% accurate, 0.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := {x}^{4} - {y}^{4}\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_0 \leq -4 \cdot 10^{-266}:\\ \;\;\;\;-\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_0 \leq \infty:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (- (pow x 4.0) (pow y 4.0))))
   (if (<= t_0 -4e-266)
     (- (* (* y y) (* y y)))
     (if (<= t_0 INFINITY)
       (* x (* x (* x x)))
       (* (* y y) (* (+ x y) (- x y)))))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double t_0 = pow(x, 4.0) - pow(y, 4.0);
	double tmp;
	if (t_0 <= -4e-266) {
		tmp = -((y * y) * (y * y));
	} else if (t_0 <= ((double) INFINITY)) {
		tmp = x * (x * (x * x));
	} else {
		tmp = (y * y) * ((x + y) * (x - y));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double t_0 = Math.pow(x, 4.0) - Math.pow(y, 4.0);
	double tmp;
	if (t_0 <= -4e-266) {
		tmp = -((y * y) * (y * y));
	} else if (t_0 <= Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY) {
		tmp = x * (x * (x * x));
	} else {
		tmp = (y * y) * ((x + y) * (x - y));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	t_0 = math.pow(x, 4.0) - math.pow(y, 4.0)
	tmp = 0
	if t_0 <= -4e-266:
		tmp = -((y * y) * (y * y))
	elif t_0 <= math.inf:
		tmp = x * (x * (x * x))
	else:
		tmp = (y * y) * ((x + y) * (x - y))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	t_0 = Float64((x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_0 <= -4e-266)
		tmp = Float64(-Float64(Float64(y * y) * Float64(y * y)));
	elseif (t_0 <= Inf)
		tmp = Float64(x * Float64(x * Float64(x * x)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(y * y) * Float64(Float64(x + y) * Float64(x - y)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	t_0 = (x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t_0 <= -4e-266)
		tmp = -((y * y) * (y * y));
	elseif (t_0 <= Inf)
		tmp = x * (x * (x * x));
	else
		tmp = (y * y) * ((x + y) * (x - y));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[Power[x, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[y, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$0, -4e-266], (-N[(N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), If[LessEqual[t$95$0, Infinity], N[(x * N[(x * N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (-.f64 (pow.f64 x #s(literal 4 binary64)) (pow.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64))) < -3.9999999999999999e-266

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} - {y}^{4} \]

      2. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{4} - \color{blue}{{y}^{4}} \]

      3. flip-- N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{x}^{4} \cdot {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \cdot {y}^{4}}{{x}^{4} + {y}^{4}}} \]

      4. clear-num N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{{x}^{4} + {y}^{4}}{{x}^{4} \cdot {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \cdot {y}^{4}}}} \]

      5. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{{x}^{4} + {y}^{4}}{{x}^{4} \cdot {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \cdot {y}^{4}}}} \]

      6. clear-num N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{{x}^{4} \cdot {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \cdot {y}^{4}}{{x}^{4} + {y}^{4}}}}} \]

      7. flip-- N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{x}^{4} - {y}^{4}}}} \]

      8. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{x}^{4} - {y}^{4}}}} \]

      9. lower-/.f64 99.9

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{{x}^{4} - {y}^{4}}}} \]

      10. lift--.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{x}^{4} - {y}^{4}}}} \]

      11. lift-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{x}^{4}} - {y}^{4}}} \]

      12. sqr-pow N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}} - {y}^{4}}} \]

      13. lift-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{{x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - \color{blue}{{y}^{4}}}} \]

      14. sqr-pow N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{{x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - \color{blue}{{y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}}}} \]

      15. difference-of-squares N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)}}} \]

      16. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)}}} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}}} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{y}^{2}} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 98.9

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]

   7. Applied rewrites 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]

      2. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)} \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]

      3. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x - y\right)}\right)}} \]

      4. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}}} \]

      5. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}}} \]

      6. unpow1 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)\right)}^{1}}}} \]

      7. pow-flip N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)\right)}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)}}} \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{-1}}} \]

      9. inv-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}}} \]

      10. remove-double-div 98.9

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

      11. lift-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

      12. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)} \]

      13. lower-*.f64 98.9

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)} \]

   9. Applied rewrites 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)} \]

   10. Taylor expanded in x around 0

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot {y}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]
   11. Step-by-step derivation

       1. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)}\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

       2. associate-*r* N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 \cdot y\right) \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

       3. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot \left(-1 \cdot y\right)\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

       4. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot \left(-1 \cdot y\right)\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

       5. mul-1-neg N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(y \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(y\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

       6. lower-neg.f64 99.1

          \[\leadsto \left(y \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-y\right)}\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

   12. Applied rewrites 99.1%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot \left(-y\right)\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

   if -3.9999999999999999e-266 < (-.f64 (pow.f64 x #s(literal 4 binary64)) (pow.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64))) < +inf.0

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-pow.f64 100.0

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\color{blue}{\left(3 + 1\right)}} \]

      2. pow-plus N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{3} \cdot x} \]

      3. cube-unmult N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)} \cdot x \]

      4. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)}\right) \cdot x \]

      5. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)} \cdot x \]

      6. lower-*.f64 99.9

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot x} \]

   7. Applied rewrites 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot x} \]

   if +inf.0 < (-.f64 (pow.f64 x #s(literal 4 binary64)) (pow.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64)))

   1. Initial program 0.0%

      \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}} - {y}^{4} \]

      2. sqr-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - \color{blue}{{y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}} \]

      3. difference-of-squares N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \]

      4. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \]

      5. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({x}^{\color{blue}{2}} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      6. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot x} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      7. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, {y}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      9. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, \color{blue}{y \cdot y}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      10. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, \color{blue}{y \cdot y}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      11. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\color{blue}{2}} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      12. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot x} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      13. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x - {y}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \]

      14. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x - \color{blue}{y \cdot y}\right) \]

      15. difference-of-squares N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

      16. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

      17. lower-+.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)} \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      18. lower--.f64 100.0

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x - y\right)}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{y}^{2}} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      2. lower-*.f64 100.0

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \leq -4 \cdot 10^{-266}:\\ \;\;\;\;-\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \leq \infty:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 95.3% accurate, 0.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \leq -4 \cdot 10^{-266}:\\ \;\;\;\;-\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (- (pow x 4.0) (pow y 4.0)) -4e-266)
   (- (* (* y y) (* y y)))
   (* (+ x y) (* x (* x x)))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if ((pow(x, 4.0) - pow(y, 4.0)) <= -4e-266) {
		tmp = -((y * y) * (y * y));
	} else {
		tmp = (x + y) * (x * (x * x));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (((x ** 4.0d0) - (y ** 4.0d0)) <= (-4d-266)) then
        tmp = -((y * y) * (y * y))
    else
        tmp = (x + y) * (x * (x * x))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if ((Math.pow(x, 4.0) - Math.pow(y, 4.0)) <= -4e-266) {
		tmp = -((y * y) * (y * y));
	} else {
		tmp = (x + y) * (x * (x * x));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	tmp = 0
	if (math.pow(x, 4.0) - math.pow(y, 4.0)) <= -4e-266:
		tmp = -((y * y) * (y * y))
	else:
		tmp = (x + y) * (x * (x * x))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64((x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0)) <= -4e-266)
		tmp = Float64(-Float64(Float64(y * y) * Float64(y * y)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(x + y) * Float64(x * Float64(x * x)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (((x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0)) <= -4e-266)
		tmp = -((y * y) * (y * y));
	else
		tmp = (x + y) * (x * (x * x));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[Power[x, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[y, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -4e-266], (-N[(N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x * N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (-.f64 (pow.f64 x #s(literal 4 binary64)) (pow.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64))) < -3.9999999999999999e-266

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} - {y}^{4} \]

      2. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{4} - \color{blue}{{y}^{4}} \]

      3. flip-- N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{x}^{4} \cdot {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \cdot {y}^{4}}{{x}^{4} + {y}^{4}}} \]

      4. clear-num N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{{x}^{4} + {y}^{4}}{{x}^{4} \cdot {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \cdot {y}^{4}}}} \]

      5. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{{x}^{4} + {y}^{4}}{{x}^{4} \cdot {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \cdot {y}^{4}}}} \]

      6. clear-num N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{{x}^{4} \cdot {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \cdot {y}^{4}}{{x}^{4} + {y}^{4}}}}} \]

      7. flip-- N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{x}^{4} - {y}^{4}}}} \]

      8. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{x}^{4} - {y}^{4}}}} \]

      9. lower-/.f64 99.9

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{{x}^{4} - {y}^{4}}}} \]

      10. lift--.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{x}^{4} - {y}^{4}}}} \]

      11. lift-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{x}^{4}} - {y}^{4}}} \]

      12. sqr-pow N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}} - {y}^{4}}} \]

      13. lift-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{{x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - \color{blue}{{y}^{4}}}} \]

      14. sqr-pow N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{{x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - \color{blue}{{y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}}}} \]

      15. difference-of-squares N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)}}} \]

      16. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)}}} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}}} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{y}^{2}} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 98.9

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]

   7. Applied rewrites 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]

      2. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)} \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]

      3. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x - y\right)}\right)}} \]

      4. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}}} \]

      5. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}}} \]

      6. unpow1 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)\right)}^{1}}}} \]

      7. pow-flip N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)\right)}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)}}} \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{-1}}} \]

      9. inv-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}}} \]

      10. remove-double-div 98.9

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

      11. lift-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

      12. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)} \]

      13. lower-*.f64 98.9

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)} \]

   9. Applied rewrites 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)} \]

   10. Taylor expanded in x around 0

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot {y}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]
   11. Step-by-step derivation

       1. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)}\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

       2. associate-*r* N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 \cdot y\right) \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

       3. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot \left(-1 \cdot y\right)\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

       4. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot \left(-1 \cdot y\right)\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

       5. mul-1-neg N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(y \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(y\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

       6. lower-neg.f64 99.1

          \[\leadsto \left(y \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-y\right)}\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

   12. Applied rewrites 99.1%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot \left(-y\right)\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

   if -3.9999999999999999e-266 < (-.f64 (pow.f64 x #s(literal 4 binary64)) (pow.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64)))

   1. Initial program 78.0%

      \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. sqr-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}} - {y}^{4} \]

      2. sqr-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - \color{blue}{{y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}} \]

      3. difference-of-squares N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \]

      4. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \]

      5. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({x}^{\color{blue}{2}} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      6. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot x} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      7. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, {y}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      9. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, \color{blue}{y \cdot y}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      10. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, \color{blue}{y \cdot y}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      11. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\color{blue}{2}} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      12. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot x} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      13. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x - {y}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \]

      14. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x - \color{blue}{y \cdot y}\right) \]

      15. difference-of-squares N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

      16. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

      17. lower-+.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)} \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      18. lower--.f64 99.9

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x - y\right)}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot x + \color{blue}{y \cdot y}\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      2. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      3. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)} \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      4. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x - y\right)}\right) \]

      5. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

      6. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right)} \]

      7. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \]

      8. associate-*l* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x - y\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right)\right)} \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x - y\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right)\right)} \]

      10. lower-*.f64 99.9

          \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x - y\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right)\right)} \]

   6. Applied rewrites 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x - y\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right)\right)} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{x}^{3}} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. cube-mult N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)} \]

      2. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{{x}^{2}}\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot {x}^{2}\right)} \]

      4. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)}\right) \]

      5. lower-*.f64 96.6

         \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)}\right) \]

   9. Applied rewrites 96.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 97.5%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \leq -4 \cdot 10^{-266}:\\ \;\;\;\;-\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 91.7% accurate, 0.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \leq -4 \cdot 10^{-266}:\\ \;\;\;\;-\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (- (pow x 4.0) (pow y 4.0)) -4e-266)
   (- (* (* y y) (* y y)))
   (* x (* x (* x x)))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if ((pow(x, 4.0) - pow(y, 4.0)) <= -4e-266) {
		tmp = -((y * y) * (y * y));
	} else {
		tmp = x * (x * (x * x));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (((x ** 4.0d0) - (y ** 4.0d0)) <= (-4d-266)) then
        tmp = -((y * y) * (y * y))
    else
        tmp = x * (x * (x * x))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if ((Math.pow(x, 4.0) - Math.pow(y, 4.0)) <= -4e-266) {
		tmp = -((y * y) * (y * y));
	} else {
		tmp = x * (x * (x * x));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	tmp = 0
	if (math.pow(x, 4.0) - math.pow(y, 4.0)) <= -4e-266:
		tmp = -((y * y) * (y * y))
	else:
		tmp = x * (x * (x * x))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64((x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0)) <= -4e-266)
		tmp = Float64(-Float64(Float64(y * y) * Float64(y * y)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(x * Float64(x * Float64(x * x)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (((x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0)) <= -4e-266)
		tmp = -((y * y) * (y * y));
	else
		tmp = x * (x * (x * x));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[Power[x, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[y, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -4e-266], (-N[(N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), N[(x * N[(x * N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (-.f64 (pow.f64 x #s(literal 4 binary64)) (pow.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64))) < -3.9999999999999999e-266

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} - {y}^{4} \]

      2. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{4} - \color{blue}{{y}^{4}} \]

      3. flip-- N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{x}^{4} \cdot {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \cdot {y}^{4}}{{x}^{4} + {y}^{4}}} \]

      4. clear-num N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{{x}^{4} + {y}^{4}}{{x}^{4} \cdot {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \cdot {y}^{4}}}} \]

      5. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{{x}^{4} + {y}^{4}}{{x}^{4} \cdot {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \cdot {y}^{4}}}} \]

      6. clear-num N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{{x}^{4} \cdot {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \cdot {y}^{4}}{{x}^{4} + {y}^{4}}}}} \]

      7. flip-- N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{x}^{4} - {y}^{4}}}} \]

      8. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{x}^{4} - {y}^{4}}}} \]

      9. lower-/.f64 99.9

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{{x}^{4} - {y}^{4}}}} \]

      10. lift--.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{x}^{4} - {y}^{4}}}} \]

      11. lift-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{x}^{4}} - {y}^{4}}} \]

      12. sqr-pow N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}} - {y}^{4}}} \]

      13. lift-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{{x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - \color{blue}{{y}^{4}}}} \]

      14. sqr-pow N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{{x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - \color{blue}{{y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}}}} \]

      15. difference-of-squares N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)}}} \]

      16. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)}}} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}}} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{y}^{2}} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 98.9

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]

   7. Applied rewrites 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]

      2. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)} \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}} \]

      3. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x - y\right)}\right)}} \]

      4. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}}} \]

      5. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}}} \]

      6. unpow1 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)\right)}^{1}}}} \]

      7. pow-flip N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)\right)}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)}}} \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{-1}}} \]

      9. inv-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)}}} \]

      10. remove-double-div 98.9

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

      11. lift-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

      12. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)} \]

      13. lower-*.f64 98.9

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)} \]

   9. Applied rewrites 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)} \]

   10. Taylor expanded in x around 0

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot {y}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]
   11. Step-by-step derivation

       1. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)}\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

       2. associate-*r* N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 \cdot y\right) \cdot y\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

       3. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot \left(-1 \cdot y\right)\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

       4. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot \left(-1 \cdot y\right)\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

       5. mul-1-neg N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(y \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(y\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

       6. lower-neg.f64 99.1

          \[\leadsto \left(y \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-y\right)}\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

   12. Applied rewrites 99.1%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot \left(-y\right)\right)} \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \]

   if -3.9999999999999999e-266 < (-.f64 (pow.f64 x #s(literal 4 binary64)) (pow.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64)))

   1. Initial program 78.0%

      \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-pow.f64 91.1

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 91.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\color{blue}{\left(3 + 1\right)}} \]

      2. pow-plus N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{3} \cdot x} \]

      3. cube-unmult N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)} \cdot x \]

      4. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)}\right) \cdot x \]

      5. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)} \cdot x \]

      6. lower-*.f64 91.0

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot x} \]

   7. Applied rewrites 91.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot x} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 93.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \leq -4 \cdot 10^{-266}:\\ \;\;\;\;-\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 56.8% accurate, 12.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (* x (* x (* x x))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return x * (x * (x * x));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = x * (x * (x * x))
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return x * (x * (x * x));
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return x * (x * (x * x))

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(x * Float64(x * Float64(x * x)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = x * (x * (x * x));
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(x * N[(x * N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 85.5%

   \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in x around inf

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-pow.f64 60.4

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} \]

5. Applied rewrites 60.4%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\color{blue}{\left(3 + 1\right)}} \]

   2. pow-plus N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{3} \cdot x} \]

   3. cube-unmult N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)} \cdot x \]

   4. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)}\right) \cdot x \]

   5. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)} \cdot x \]

   6. lower-*.f64 60.3

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot x} \]

7. Applied rewrites 60.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot x} \]

8. Final simplification 60.3%

   \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right) \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 56.7% accurate, 12.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (* (* x x) (* x x)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return (x * x) * (x * x);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = (x * x) * (x * x)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return (x * x) * (x * x);
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return (x * x) * (x * x)

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(Float64(x * x) * Float64(x * x))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = (x * x) * (x * x);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 85.5%

   \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in x around inf

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-pow.f64 60.4

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} \]

5. Applied rewrites 60.4%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\color{blue}{\left(2 + 2\right)}} \]

   2. pow-prod-up N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{2} \cdot {x}^{2}} \]

   3. pow-prod-down N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{2}} \]

   4. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)}}^{2} \]

   5. pow2 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)} \]

   6. lower-*.f64 60.3

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)} \]

7. Applied rewrites 60.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)} \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024216 
(FPCore (x y)
  :name "Radioactive exchange between two surfaces"
  :precision binary64
  (- (pow x 4.0) (pow y 4.0)))