
(FPCore (alpha beta i)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (* i (+ (+ alpha beta) i)))
(t_1 (+ (+ alpha beta) (* 2.0 i)))
(t_2 (* t_1 t_1)))
(/ (/ (* t_0 (+ (* beta alpha) t_0)) t_2) (- t_2 1.0))))
double code(double alpha, double beta, double i) {
double t_0 = i * ((alpha + beta) + i);
double t_1 = (alpha + beta) + (2.0 * i);
double t_2 = t_1 * t_1;
return ((t_0 * ((beta * alpha) + t_0)) / t_2) / (t_2 - 1.0);
}
real(8) function code(alpha, beta, i)
real(8), intent (in) :: alpha
real(8), intent (in) :: beta
real(8), intent (in) :: i
real(8) :: t_0
real(8) :: t_1
real(8) :: t_2
t_0 = i * ((alpha + beta) + i)
t_1 = (alpha + beta) + (2.0d0 * i)
t_2 = t_1 * t_1
code = ((t_0 * ((beta * alpha) + t_0)) / t_2) / (t_2 - 1.0d0)
end function
public static double code(double alpha, double beta, double i) {
double t_0 = i * ((alpha + beta) + i);
double t_1 = (alpha + beta) + (2.0 * i);
double t_2 = t_1 * t_1;
return ((t_0 * ((beta * alpha) + t_0)) / t_2) / (t_2 - 1.0);
}
def code(alpha, beta, i): t_0 = i * ((alpha + beta) + i) t_1 = (alpha + beta) + (2.0 * i) t_2 = t_1 * t_1 return ((t_0 * ((beta * alpha) + t_0)) / t_2) / (t_2 - 1.0)
function code(alpha, beta, i) t_0 = Float64(i * Float64(Float64(alpha + beta) + i)) t_1 = Float64(Float64(alpha + beta) + Float64(2.0 * i)) t_2 = Float64(t_1 * t_1) return Float64(Float64(Float64(t_0 * Float64(Float64(beta * alpha) + t_0)) / t_2) / Float64(t_2 - 1.0)) end
function tmp = code(alpha, beta, i) t_0 = i * ((alpha + beta) + i); t_1 = (alpha + beta) + (2.0 * i); t_2 = t_1 * t_1; tmp = ((t_0 * ((beta * alpha) + t_0)) / t_2) / (t_2 - 1.0); end
code[alpha_, beta_, i_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(i * N[(N[(alpha + beta), $MachinePrecision] + i), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(alpha + beta), $MachinePrecision] + N[(2.0 * i), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(t$95$1 * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(N[(t$95$0 * N[(N[(beta * alpha), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / N[(t$95$2 - 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := i \cdot \left(\left(\alpha + \beta\right) + i\right)\\
t_1 := \left(\alpha + \beta\right) + 2 \cdot i\\
t_2 := t\_1 \cdot t\_1\\
\frac{\frac{t\_0 \cdot \left(\beta \cdot \alpha + t\_0\right)}{t\_2}}{t\_2 - 1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 5 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (alpha beta i)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (* i (+ (+ alpha beta) i)))
(t_1 (+ (+ alpha beta) (* 2.0 i)))
(t_2 (* t_1 t_1)))
(/ (/ (* t_0 (+ (* beta alpha) t_0)) t_2) (- t_2 1.0))))
double code(double alpha, double beta, double i) {
double t_0 = i * ((alpha + beta) + i);
double t_1 = (alpha + beta) + (2.0 * i);
double t_2 = t_1 * t_1;
return ((t_0 * ((beta * alpha) + t_0)) / t_2) / (t_2 - 1.0);
}
real(8) function code(alpha, beta, i)
real(8), intent (in) :: alpha
real(8), intent (in) :: beta
real(8), intent (in) :: i
real(8) :: t_0
real(8) :: t_1
real(8) :: t_2
t_0 = i * ((alpha + beta) + i)
t_1 = (alpha + beta) + (2.0d0 * i)
t_2 = t_1 * t_1
code = ((t_0 * ((beta * alpha) + t_0)) / t_2) / (t_2 - 1.0d0)
end function
public static double code(double alpha, double beta, double i) {
double t_0 = i * ((alpha + beta) + i);
double t_1 = (alpha + beta) + (2.0 * i);
double t_2 = t_1 * t_1;
return ((t_0 * ((beta * alpha) + t_0)) / t_2) / (t_2 - 1.0);
}
def code(alpha, beta, i): t_0 = i * ((alpha + beta) + i) t_1 = (alpha + beta) + (2.0 * i) t_2 = t_1 * t_1 return ((t_0 * ((beta * alpha) + t_0)) / t_2) / (t_2 - 1.0)
function code(alpha, beta, i) t_0 = Float64(i * Float64(Float64(alpha + beta) + i)) t_1 = Float64(Float64(alpha + beta) + Float64(2.0 * i)) t_2 = Float64(t_1 * t_1) return Float64(Float64(Float64(t_0 * Float64(Float64(beta * alpha) + t_0)) / t_2) / Float64(t_2 - 1.0)) end
function tmp = code(alpha, beta, i) t_0 = i * ((alpha + beta) + i); t_1 = (alpha + beta) + (2.0 * i); t_2 = t_1 * t_1; tmp = ((t_0 * ((beta * alpha) + t_0)) / t_2) / (t_2 - 1.0); end
code[alpha_, beta_, i_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(i * N[(N[(alpha + beta), $MachinePrecision] + i), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(alpha + beta), $MachinePrecision] + N[(2.0 * i), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(t$95$1 * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(N[(t$95$0 * N[(N[(beta * alpha), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / N[(t$95$2 - 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := i \cdot \left(\left(\alpha + \beta\right) + i\right)\\
t_1 := \left(\alpha + \beta\right) + 2 \cdot i\\
t_2 := t\_1 \cdot t\_1\\
\frac{\frac{t\_0 \cdot \left(\beta \cdot \alpha + t\_0\right)}{t\_2}}{t\_2 - 1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (alpha beta i)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (+ (+ alpha beta) (* i 2.0))))
(if (<= i 7.5e+132)
(/ (* 0.25 (* i i)) (+ (* t_0 t_0) -1.0))
(+ 0.0625 (/ 0.015625 (* i i))))))
double code(double alpha, double beta, double i) {
double t_0 = (alpha + beta) + (i * 2.0);
double tmp;
if (i <= 7.5e+132) {
tmp = (0.25 * (i * i)) / ((t_0 * t_0) + -1.0);
} else {
tmp = 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i));
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(alpha, beta, i)
real(8), intent (in) :: alpha
real(8), intent (in) :: beta
real(8), intent (in) :: i
real(8) :: t_0
real(8) :: tmp
t_0 = (alpha + beta) + (i * 2.0d0)
if (i <= 7.5d+132) then
tmp = (0.25d0 * (i * i)) / ((t_0 * t_0) + (-1.0d0))
else
tmp = 0.0625d0 + (0.015625d0 / (i * i))
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double alpha, double beta, double i) {
double t_0 = (alpha + beta) + (i * 2.0);
double tmp;
if (i <= 7.5e+132) {
tmp = (0.25 * (i * i)) / ((t_0 * t_0) + -1.0);
} else {
tmp = 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i));
}
return tmp;
}
def code(alpha, beta, i): t_0 = (alpha + beta) + (i * 2.0) tmp = 0 if i <= 7.5e+132: tmp = (0.25 * (i * i)) / ((t_0 * t_0) + -1.0) else: tmp = 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i)) return tmp
function code(alpha, beta, i) t_0 = Float64(Float64(alpha + beta) + Float64(i * 2.0)) tmp = 0.0 if (i <= 7.5e+132) tmp = Float64(Float64(0.25 * Float64(i * i)) / Float64(Float64(t_0 * t_0) + -1.0)); else tmp = Float64(0.0625 + Float64(0.015625 / Float64(i * i))); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(alpha, beta, i) t_0 = (alpha + beta) + (i * 2.0); tmp = 0.0; if (i <= 7.5e+132) tmp = (0.25 * (i * i)) / ((t_0 * t_0) + -1.0); else tmp = 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i)); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[alpha_, beta_, i_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(alpha + beta), $MachinePrecision] + N[(i * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[i, 7.5e+132], N[(N[(0.25 * N[(i * i), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(t$95$0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.0625 + N[(0.015625 / N[(i * i), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(\alpha + \beta\right) + i \cdot 2\\
\mathbf{if}\;i \leq 7.5 \cdot 10^{+132}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.25 \cdot \left(i \cdot i\right)}{t\_0 \cdot t\_0 + -1}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0.0625 + \frac{0.015625}{i \cdot i}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if i < 7.50000000000000017e132Initial program 35.8%
Taylor expanded in i around inf
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f6475.9
Simplified75.9%
if 7.50000000000000017e132 < i Initial program 0.3%
Taylor expanded in alpha around 0
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
lower-+.f64N/A
lower-+.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
+-commutativeN/A
*-commutativeN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
+-commutativeN/A
*-commutativeN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
unpow2N/A
metadata-evalN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
Simplified0.0%
Taylor expanded in beta around 0
associate-*r/N/A
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
*-commutativeN/A
metadata-evalN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f6410.2
Simplified10.2%
Taylor expanded in i around inf
lower-+.f64N/A
associate-*r/N/A
metadata-evalN/A
lower-/.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f6488.8
Simplified88.8%
Final simplification83.5%
(FPCore (alpha beta i)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (+ (+ alpha beta) (* i 2.0))))
(if (<= i 2.4e+42)
(/ (* i (+ i alpha)) (+ (* t_0 t_0) -1.0))
(+ 0.0625 (/ 0.015625 (* i i))))))
double code(double alpha, double beta, double i) {
double t_0 = (alpha + beta) + (i * 2.0);
double tmp;
if (i <= 2.4e+42) {
tmp = (i * (i + alpha)) / ((t_0 * t_0) + -1.0);
} else {
tmp = 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i));
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(alpha, beta, i)
real(8), intent (in) :: alpha
real(8), intent (in) :: beta
real(8), intent (in) :: i
real(8) :: t_0
real(8) :: tmp
t_0 = (alpha + beta) + (i * 2.0d0)
if (i <= 2.4d+42) then
tmp = (i * (i + alpha)) / ((t_0 * t_0) + (-1.0d0))
else
tmp = 0.0625d0 + (0.015625d0 / (i * i))
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double alpha, double beta, double i) {
double t_0 = (alpha + beta) + (i * 2.0);
double tmp;
if (i <= 2.4e+42) {
tmp = (i * (i + alpha)) / ((t_0 * t_0) + -1.0);
} else {
tmp = 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i));
}
return tmp;
}
def code(alpha, beta, i): t_0 = (alpha + beta) + (i * 2.0) tmp = 0 if i <= 2.4e+42: tmp = (i * (i + alpha)) / ((t_0 * t_0) + -1.0) else: tmp = 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i)) return tmp
function code(alpha, beta, i) t_0 = Float64(Float64(alpha + beta) + Float64(i * 2.0)) tmp = 0.0 if (i <= 2.4e+42) tmp = Float64(Float64(i * Float64(i + alpha)) / Float64(Float64(t_0 * t_0) + -1.0)); else tmp = Float64(0.0625 + Float64(0.015625 / Float64(i * i))); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(alpha, beta, i) t_0 = (alpha + beta) + (i * 2.0); tmp = 0.0; if (i <= 2.4e+42) tmp = (i * (i + alpha)) / ((t_0 * t_0) + -1.0); else tmp = 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i)); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[alpha_, beta_, i_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(alpha + beta), $MachinePrecision] + N[(i * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[i, 2.4e+42], N[(N[(i * N[(i + alpha), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(t$95$0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.0625 + N[(0.015625 / N[(i * i), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(\alpha + \beta\right) + i \cdot 2\\
\mathbf{if}\;i \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{+42}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{i \cdot \left(i + \alpha\right)}{t\_0 \cdot t\_0 + -1}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0.0625 + \frac{0.015625}{i \cdot i}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if i < 2.3999999999999999e42Initial program 61.0%
Taylor expanded in beta around inf
lower-*.f64N/A
lower-+.f6440.7
Simplified40.7%
if 2.3999999999999999e42 < i Initial program 8.7%
Taylor expanded in alpha around 0
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
lower-+.f64N/A
lower-+.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
+-commutativeN/A
*-commutativeN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
+-commutativeN/A
*-commutativeN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
unpow2N/A
metadata-evalN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
Simplified7.3%
Taylor expanded in beta around 0
associate-*r/N/A
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
*-commutativeN/A
metadata-evalN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f6428.3
Simplified28.3%
Taylor expanded in i around inf
lower-+.f64N/A
associate-*r/N/A
metadata-evalN/A
lower-/.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f6480.6
Simplified80.6%
Final simplification75.8%
(FPCore (alpha beta i) :precision binary64 (if (<= beta 2e+242) (+ 0.0625 (/ 0.015625 (* i i))) (* alpha (/ i (* beta beta)))))
double code(double alpha, double beta, double i) {
double tmp;
if (beta <= 2e+242) {
tmp = 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i));
} else {
tmp = alpha * (i / (beta * beta));
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(alpha, beta, i)
real(8), intent (in) :: alpha
real(8), intent (in) :: beta
real(8), intent (in) :: i
real(8) :: tmp
if (beta <= 2d+242) then
tmp = 0.0625d0 + (0.015625d0 / (i * i))
else
tmp = alpha * (i / (beta * beta))
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double alpha, double beta, double i) {
double tmp;
if (beta <= 2e+242) {
tmp = 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i));
} else {
tmp = alpha * (i / (beta * beta));
}
return tmp;
}
def code(alpha, beta, i): tmp = 0 if beta <= 2e+242: tmp = 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i)) else: tmp = alpha * (i / (beta * beta)) return tmp
function code(alpha, beta, i) tmp = 0.0 if (beta <= 2e+242) tmp = Float64(0.0625 + Float64(0.015625 / Float64(i * i))); else tmp = Float64(alpha * Float64(i / Float64(beta * beta))); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(alpha, beta, i) tmp = 0.0; if (beta <= 2e+242) tmp = 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i)); else tmp = alpha * (i / (beta * beta)); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[alpha_, beta_, i_] := If[LessEqual[beta, 2e+242], N[(0.0625 + N[(0.015625 / N[(i * i), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(alpha * N[(i / N[(beta * beta), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\beta \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+242}:\\
\;\;\;\;0.0625 + \frac{0.015625}{i \cdot i}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\alpha \cdot \frac{i}{\beta \cdot \beta}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if beta < 2.0000000000000001e242Initial program 15.5%
Taylor expanded in alpha around 0
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
lower-+.f64N/A
lower-+.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
+-commutativeN/A
*-commutativeN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
+-commutativeN/A
*-commutativeN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
unpow2N/A
metadata-evalN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
Simplified12.0%
Taylor expanded in beta around 0
associate-*r/N/A
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
*-commutativeN/A
metadata-evalN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f6430.4
Simplified30.4%
Taylor expanded in i around inf
lower-+.f64N/A
associate-*r/N/A
metadata-evalN/A
lower-/.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f6477.0
Simplified77.0%
if 2.0000000000000001e242 < beta Initial program 0.0%
Taylor expanded in beta around inf
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
lower-+.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f6414.1
Simplified14.1%
Taylor expanded in i around 0
associate-/l*N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
lower-/.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f6417.2
Simplified17.2%
(FPCore (alpha beta i) :precision binary64 (+ 0.0625 (/ 0.015625 (* i i))))
double code(double alpha, double beta, double i) {
return 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i));
}
real(8) function code(alpha, beta, i)
real(8), intent (in) :: alpha
real(8), intent (in) :: beta
real(8), intent (in) :: i
code = 0.0625d0 + (0.015625d0 / (i * i))
end function
public static double code(double alpha, double beta, double i) {
return 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i));
}
def code(alpha, beta, i): return 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i))
function code(alpha, beta, i) return Float64(0.0625 + Float64(0.015625 / Float64(i * i))) end
function tmp = code(alpha, beta, i) tmp = 0.0625 + (0.015625 / (i * i)); end
code[alpha_, beta_, i_] := N[(0.0625 + N[(0.015625 / N[(i * i), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.0625 + \frac{0.015625}{i \cdot i}
\end{array}
Initial program 15.0%
Taylor expanded in alpha around 0
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
lower-+.f64N/A
lower-+.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
+-commutativeN/A
*-commutativeN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
+-commutativeN/A
*-commutativeN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
unpow2N/A
metadata-evalN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
Simplified11.7%
Taylor expanded in beta around 0
associate-*r/N/A
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
*-commutativeN/A
metadata-evalN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f6429.5
Simplified29.5%
Taylor expanded in i around inf
lower-+.f64N/A
associate-*r/N/A
metadata-evalN/A
lower-/.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f6475.2
Simplified75.2%
(FPCore (alpha beta i) :precision binary64 0.0625)
double code(double alpha, double beta, double i) {
return 0.0625;
}
real(8) function code(alpha, beta, i)
real(8), intent (in) :: alpha
real(8), intent (in) :: beta
real(8), intent (in) :: i
code = 0.0625d0
end function
public static double code(double alpha, double beta, double i) {
return 0.0625;
}
def code(alpha, beta, i): return 0.0625
function code(alpha, beta, i) return 0.0625 end
function tmp = code(alpha, beta, i) tmp = 0.0625; end
code[alpha_, beta_, i_] := 0.0625
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.0625
\end{array}
Initial program 15.0%
Taylor expanded in i around inf
Simplified74.7%
herbie shell --seed 2024215
(FPCore (alpha beta i)
:name "Octave 3.8, jcobi/4"
:precision binary64
:pre (and (and (> alpha -1.0) (> beta -1.0)) (> i 1.0))
(/ (/ (* (* i (+ (+ alpha beta) i)) (+ (* beta alpha) (* i (+ (+ alpha beta) i)))) (* (+ (+ alpha beta) (* 2.0 i)) (+ (+ alpha beta) (* 2.0 i)))) (- (* (+ (+ alpha beta) (* 2.0 i)) (+ (+ alpha beta) (* 2.0 i))) 1.0)))