normal distribution

Percentage Accurate: 99.4% → 99.6%
Time: 13.8s
Alternatives: 11
Speedup: 1.4×

Specification

?
\[\left(0 \leq u1 \land u1 \leq 1\right) \land \left(0 \leq u2 \land u2 \leq 1\right)\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u1 u2)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  (* (* (/ 1.0 6.0) (pow (* -2.0 (log u1)) 0.5)) (cos (* (* 2.0 PI) u2)))
  0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return (((1.0 / 6.0) * pow((-2.0 * log(u1)), 0.5)) * cos(((2.0 * ((double) M_PI)) * u2))) + 0.5;
}
public static double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return (((1.0 / 6.0) * Math.pow((-2.0 * Math.log(u1)), 0.5)) * Math.cos(((2.0 * Math.PI) * u2))) + 0.5;
}
def code(u1, u2):
	return (((1.0 / 6.0) * math.pow((-2.0 * math.log(u1)), 0.5)) * math.cos(((2.0 * math.pi) * u2))) + 0.5
function code(u1, u2)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 / 6.0) * (Float64(-2.0 * log(u1)) ^ 0.5)) * cos(Float64(Float64(2.0 * pi) * u2))) + 0.5)
end
function tmp = code(u1, u2)
	tmp = (((1.0 / 6.0) * ((-2.0 * log(u1)) ^ 0.5)) * cos(((2.0 * pi) * u2))) + 0.5;
end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(1.0 / 6.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[N[(-2.0 * N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.5], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[N[(N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * u2), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 11 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u1 u2)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  (* (* (/ 1.0 6.0) (pow (* -2.0 (log u1)) 0.5)) (cos (* (* 2.0 PI) u2)))
  0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return (((1.0 / 6.0) * pow((-2.0 * log(u1)), 0.5)) * cos(((2.0 * ((double) M_PI)) * u2))) + 0.5;
}
public static double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return (((1.0 / 6.0) * Math.pow((-2.0 * Math.log(u1)), 0.5)) * Math.cos(((2.0 * Math.PI) * u2))) + 0.5;
}
def code(u1, u2):
	return (((1.0 / 6.0) * math.pow((-2.0 * math.log(u1)), 0.5)) * math.cos(((2.0 * math.pi) * u2))) + 0.5
function code(u1, u2)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 / 6.0) * (Float64(-2.0 * log(u1)) ^ 0.5)) * cos(Float64(Float64(2.0 * pi) * u2))) + 0.5)
end
function tmp = code(u1, u2)
	tmp = (((1.0 / 6.0) * ((-2.0 * log(u1)) ^ 0.5)) * cos(((2.0 * pi) * u2))) + 0.5;
end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(1.0 / 6.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[N[(-2.0 * N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.5], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[N[(N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * u2), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{-\log u1}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u1 u2)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  (*
   (* (* 0.16666666666666666 (sqrt 2.0)) (sqrt (- (log u1))))
   (cos (* (* 2.0 PI) u2)))
  0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return (((0.16666666666666666 * sqrt(2.0)) * sqrt(-log(u1))) * cos(((2.0 * ((double) M_PI)) * u2))) + 0.5;
}
public static double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return (((0.16666666666666666 * Math.sqrt(2.0)) * Math.sqrt(-Math.log(u1))) * Math.cos(((2.0 * Math.PI) * u2))) + 0.5;
}
def code(u1, u2):
	return (((0.16666666666666666 * math.sqrt(2.0)) * math.sqrt(-math.log(u1))) * math.cos(((2.0 * math.pi) * u2))) + 0.5
function code(u1, u2)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(0.16666666666666666 * sqrt(2.0)) * sqrt(Float64(-log(u1)))) * cos(Float64(Float64(2.0 * pi) * u2))) + 0.5)
end
function tmp = code(u1, u2)
	tmp = (((0.16666666666666666 * sqrt(2.0)) * sqrt(-log(u1))) * cos(((2.0 * pi) * u2))) + 0.5;
end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(0.16666666666666666 * N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[(-N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[N[(N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * u2), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{-\log u1}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in u1 around inf

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\log \left(\frac{1}{u1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\log \left(\frac{1}{u1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\log \left(\frac{1}{u1}\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. log-recN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. neg-lowering-neg.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. log-lowering-log.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\log u1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f6499.5

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  5. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. pow1/2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{{2}^{\frac{1}{2}}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {2}^{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{4}\right)}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. pow-sqrN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({2}^{\frac{1}{4}} \cdot {2}^{\frac{1}{4}}\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. pow-prod-downN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(2 \cdot 2\right)}^{\frac{1}{4}}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    7. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\color{blue}{4}}^{\frac{1}{4}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    8. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot -2\right)}}^{\frac{1}{4}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    9. pow-prod-downN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({-2}^{\frac{1}{4}} \cdot {-2}^{\frac{1}{4}}\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    10. pow-prod-upN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{{-2}^{\left(\frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{4}\right)}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    11. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {-2}^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    12. pow1/2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    13. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    14. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    15. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{-\log u1}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.5% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{-\log u1}\right), \sqrt{2}, 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u1 u2)
 :precision binary64
 (fma
  (* (cos (* 2.0 (* PI u2))) (* 0.16666666666666666 (sqrt (- (log u1)))))
  (sqrt 2.0)
  0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return fma((cos((2.0 * (((double) M_PI) * u2))) * (0.16666666666666666 * sqrt(-log(u1)))), sqrt(2.0), 0.5);
}
function code(u1, u2)
	return fma(Float64(cos(Float64(2.0 * Float64(pi * u2))) * Float64(0.16666666666666666 * sqrt(Float64(-log(u1))))), sqrt(2.0), 0.5)
end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[(N[Cos[N[(2.0 * N[(Pi * u2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.16666666666666666 * N[Sqrt[(-N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{-\log u1}\right), \sqrt{2}, 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in u1 around inf

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\log \left(\frac{1}{u1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\log \left(\frac{1}{u1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\log \left(\frac{1}{u1}\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. log-recN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. neg-lowering-neg.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. log-lowering-log.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\log u1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f6499.5

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  5. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. pow1/2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{2}^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)\right) \cdot {2}^{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{4}\right)}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    7. pow-sqrN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left({2}^{\frac{1}{4}} \cdot {2}^{\frac{1}{4}}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    8. pow-prod-downN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(2 \cdot 2\right)}^{\frac{1}{4}}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    9. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)\right) \cdot {\color{blue}{4}}^{\frac{1}{4}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    10. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)\right) \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot -2\right)}}^{\frac{1}{4}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    11. pow-prod-downN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left({-2}^{\frac{1}{4}} \cdot {-2}^{\frac{1}{4}}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    12. pow-prod-upN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{-2}^{\left(\frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{4}\right)}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    13. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)\right) \cdot {-2}^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    14. pow1/2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    15. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right), \sqrt{-2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr99.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot u2\right)\right) \cdot \left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{-\log u1}\right), \sqrt{2}, 0.5\right)} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.4% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot u2\right)\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u1 u2)
 :precision binary64
 (fma
  (* 0.16666666666666666 (cos (* 2.0 (* PI u2))))
  (sqrt (* (log u1) -2.0))
  0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return fma((0.16666666666666666 * cos((2.0 * (((double) M_PI) * u2)))), sqrt((log(u1) * -2.0)), 0.5);
}
function code(u1, u2)
	return fma(Float64(0.16666666666666666 * cos(Float64(2.0 * Float64(pi * u2)))), sqrt(Float64(log(u1) * -2.0)), 0.5)
end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[(0.16666666666666666 * N[Cos[N[(2.0 * N[(Pi * u2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[N[(N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision] * -2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot u2\right)\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) \cdot \frac{1}{6}, {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right)}, {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    5. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right)}, {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    6. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}} \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right), {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    7. cos-lowering-cos.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right)}, {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    8. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right)}, {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    9. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right)}, {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    10. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)}\right), {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    11. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot u2\right)\right), {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    12. unpow1/2N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right), \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    13. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right), \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    14. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right), \sqrt{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot \log u1}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    15. log-lowering-log.f6499.4

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot u2\right)\right), \sqrt{-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\log u1}}, 0.5\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr99.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot u2\right)\right), \sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1}, 0.5\right)} \]
  5. Final simplification99.4%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot u2\right)\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right) \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 99.0% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 1\right), \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u1 u2)
 :precision binary64
 (fma
  (* (* 0.16666666666666666 (sqrt 2.0)) (fma u2 (* u2 (* -2.0 (* PI PI))) 1.0))
  (sqrt (- (log u1)))
  0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return fma(((0.16666666666666666 * sqrt(2.0)) * fma(u2, (u2 * (-2.0 * (((double) M_PI) * ((double) M_PI)))), 1.0)), sqrt(-log(u1)), 0.5);
}
function code(u1, u2)
	return fma(Float64(Float64(0.16666666666666666 * sqrt(2.0)) * fma(u2, Float64(u2 * Float64(-2.0 * Float64(pi * pi))), 1.0)), sqrt(Float64(-log(u1))), 0.5)
end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[(N[(0.16666666666666666 * N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(u2 * N[(u2 * N[(-2.0 * N[(Pi * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[(-N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 1\right), \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in u1 around inf

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\log \left(\frac{1}{u1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\log \left(\frac{1}{u1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\log \left(\frac{1}{u1}\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. log-recN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. neg-lowering-neg.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. log-lowering-log.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\log u1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f6499.5

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  5. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  6. Taylor expanded in u2 around 0

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + -2 \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + 1\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot -2} + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. rem-square-sqrtN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)} + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}} + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{{u2}^{2} \cdot \left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}\right)} + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot \left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)}\right) + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    7. rem-square-sqrtN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot \left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{-2}\right) + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)} + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    9. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({u2}^{2}, -2 \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, 1\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    10. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{u2 \cdot u2}, -2 \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    11. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{u2 \cdot u2}, -2 \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    12. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \color{blue}{{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot -2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    13. rem-square-sqrtN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    14. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    15. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \color{blue}{{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    16. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    17. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    18. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    19. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    20. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    21. rem-square-sqrt99.2

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{-2}, 1\right) + 0.5 \]
  8. Simplified99.2%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -2, 1\right)} + 0.5 \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)}\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right), \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
  10. Applied egg-rr99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 1\right) \cdot \left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{2}\right), \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right)} \]
  11. Final simplification99.3%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 1\right), \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right) \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 99.0% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right), u2 \cdot u2, 1\right)\right), \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u1 u2)
 :precision binary64
 (fma
  (* (sqrt 2.0) (* 0.16666666666666666 (fma (* -2.0 (* PI PI)) (* u2 u2) 1.0)))
  (sqrt (- (log u1)))
  0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return fma((sqrt(2.0) * (0.16666666666666666 * fma((-2.0 * (((double) M_PI) * ((double) M_PI))), (u2 * u2), 1.0))), sqrt(-log(u1)), 0.5);
}
function code(u1, u2)
	return fma(Float64(sqrt(2.0) * Float64(0.16666666666666666 * fma(Float64(-2.0 * Float64(pi * pi)), Float64(u2 * u2), 1.0))), sqrt(Float64(-log(u1))), 0.5)
end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[(N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.16666666666666666 * N[(N[(-2.0 * N[(Pi * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(u2 * u2), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[(-N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right), u2 \cdot u2, 1\right)\right), \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in u1 around inf

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\log \left(\frac{1}{u1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\log \left(\frac{1}{u1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\log \left(\frac{1}{u1}\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. log-recN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. neg-lowering-neg.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. log-lowering-log.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\log u1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f6499.5

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  5. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  6. Taylor expanded in u2 around 0

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + -2 \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + 1\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot -2} + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. rem-square-sqrtN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)} + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}} + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{{u2}^{2} \cdot \left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}\right)} + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot \left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)}\right) + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    7. rem-square-sqrtN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot \left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{-2}\right) + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)} + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    9. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({u2}^{2}, -2 \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, 1\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    10. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{u2 \cdot u2}, -2 \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    11. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{u2 \cdot u2}, -2 \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    12. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \color{blue}{{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot -2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    13. rem-square-sqrtN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    14. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    15. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \color{blue}{{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    16. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    17. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    18. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    19. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    20. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    21. rem-square-sqrt99.2

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{-2}, 1\right) + 0.5 \]
  8. Simplified99.2%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -2, 1\right)} + 0.5 \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)}\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right), \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
  10. Applied egg-rr99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 1\right) \cdot \left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{2}\right), \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right)} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(u2 \cdot \left(u2 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 1\right) \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    2. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(u2 \cdot \left(u2 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + 1\right) \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
  12. Applied egg-rr99.3%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right), u2 \cdot u2, 1\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}}, \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right) \]
  13. Final simplification99.3%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right), u2 \cdot u2, 1\right)\right), \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right) \]
  14. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 99.0% accurate, 2.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.3333333333333333\right), 0.16666666666666666\right), \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u1 u2)
 :precision binary64
 (fma
  (*
   (sqrt 2.0)
   (fma u2 (* u2 (* (* PI PI) -0.3333333333333333)) 0.16666666666666666))
  (sqrt (- (log u1)))
  0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return fma((sqrt(2.0) * fma(u2, (u2 * ((((double) M_PI) * ((double) M_PI)) * -0.3333333333333333)), 0.16666666666666666)), sqrt(-log(u1)), 0.5);
}
function code(u1, u2)
	return fma(Float64(sqrt(2.0) * fma(u2, Float64(u2 * Float64(Float64(pi * pi) * -0.3333333333333333)), 0.16666666666666666)), sqrt(Float64(-log(u1))), 0.5)
end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[(N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(u2 * N[(u2 * N[(N[(Pi * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[(-N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.3333333333333333\right), 0.16666666666666666\right), \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in u1 around inf

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\log \left(\frac{1}{u1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\log \left(\frac{1}{u1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\log \left(\frac{1}{u1}\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. log-recN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. neg-lowering-neg.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. log-lowering-log.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\log u1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f6499.5

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  5. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  6. Taylor expanded in u2 around 0

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + -2 \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + 1\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot -2} + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. rem-square-sqrtN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)} + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}} + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{{u2}^{2} \cdot \left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}\right)} + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot \left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)}\right) + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    7. rem-square-sqrtN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot \left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{-2}\right) + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)} + 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    9. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({u2}^{2}, -2 \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, 1\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    10. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{u2 \cdot u2}, -2 \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    11. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{u2 \cdot u2}, -2 \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    12. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \color{blue}{{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot -2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    13. rem-square-sqrtN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    14. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    15. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \color{blue}{{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    16. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    17. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    18. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    19. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot {\left(\sqrt{-2}\right)}^{2}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    20. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)}, 1\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    21. rem-square-sqrt99.2

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{-2}, 1\right) + 0.5 \]
  8. Simplified99.2%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(u2 \cdot u2, \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -2, 1\right)} + 0.5 \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)}\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(u2 \cdot u2\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot -2\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right), \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
  10. Applied egg-rr99.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 1\right) \cdot \left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{2}\right), \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right)} \]
  11. Taylor expanded in u2 around 0

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot \left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) + \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2} + \frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot \left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right)}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2} + \color{blue}{\left({u2}^{2} \cdot \left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3}}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    3. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2} + \color{blue}{{u2}^{2} \cdot \left(\left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3}\right)}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2} + {u2}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\right)}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2} + {u2}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    6. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2} + \color{blue}{\left({u2}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    7. distribute-rgt-outN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} + {u2}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    8. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} + {u2}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    9. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} + {u2}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right), \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    10. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({u2}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{6}\right)}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    11. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(u2 \cdot u2\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{6}\right), \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    12. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{u2 \cdot \left(u2 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} + \frac{1}{6}\right), \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    13. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), \frac{1}{6}\right)}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
  13. Simplified99.3%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 0.16666666666666666\right)}, \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right) \]
  14. Final simplification99.3%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.3333333333333333\right), 0.16666666666666666\right), \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right) \]
  15. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 98.8% accurate, 2.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot \pi, -2 \cdot \left(u2 \cdot u2\right), 1\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u1 u2)
 :precision binary64
 (fma
  (* 0.16666666666666666 (fma (* PI PI) (* -2.0 (* u2 u2)) 1.0))
  (sqrt (* (log u1) -2.0))
  0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return fma((0.16666666666666666 * fma((((double) M_PI) * ((double) M_PI)), (-2.0 * (u2 * u2)), 1.0)), sqrt((log(u1) * -2.0)), 0.5);
}
function code(u1, u2)
	return fma(Float64(0.16666666666666666 * fma(Float64(pi * pi), Float64(-2.0 * Float64(u2 * u2)), 1.0)), sqrt(Float64(log(u1) * -2.0)), 0.5)
end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[(0.16666666666666666 * N[(N[(Pi * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-2.0 * N[(u2 * u2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[N[(N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision] * -2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot \pi, -2 \cdot \left(u2 \cdot u2\right), 1\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. sqr-powN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. pow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. pow-lowering-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{4}}}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. pow-lowering-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)}}^{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    7. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left({\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    8. log-lowering-log.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left({\left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\log u1}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    9. metadata-eval99.1

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\color{blue}{0.25}}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  4. Applied egg-rr99.1%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.25}\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. pow-powN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot 2\right)}}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. pow1/2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1}}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right)\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    7. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    9. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right), \sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot u2\right)\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right)} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in u2 around 0

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + -2 \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}, \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + 1\right)}, \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    2. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot {u2}^{2}\right) \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}} + 1\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    3. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(-2 \cdot {u2}^{2}\right)} + 1\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    4. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, -2 \cdot {u2}^{2}, 1\right)}, \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    5. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, -2 \cdot {u2}^{2}, 1\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, -2 \cdot {u2}^{2}, 1\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    7. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), -2 \cdot {u2}^{2}, 1\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    8. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, -2 \cdot {u2}^{2}, 1\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    9. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \color{blue}{-2 \cdot {u2}^{2}}, 1\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    10. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), -2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(u2 \cdot u2\right)}, 1\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    11. *-lowering-*.f6499.0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot \pi, -2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(u2 \cdot u2\right)}, 1\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right) \]
  9. Simplified99.0%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot \pi, -2 \cdot \left(u2 \cdot u2\right), 1\right)}, \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right) \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 98.8% accurate, 2.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.3333333333333333\right), 0.16666666666666666\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u1 u2)
 :precision binary64
 (fma
  (fma u2 (* u2 (* (* PI PI) -0.3333333333333333)) 0.16666666666666666)
  (sqrt (* (log u1) -2.0))
  0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return fma(fma(u2, (u2 * ((((double) M_PI) * ((double) M_PI)) * -0.3333333333333333)), 0.16666666666666666), sqrt((log(u1) * -2.0)), 0.5);
}
function code(u1, u2)
	return fma(fma(u2, Float64(u2 * Float64(Float64(pi * pi) * -0.3333333333333333)), 0.16666666666666666), sqrt(Float64(log(u1) * -2.0)), 0.5)
end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[(u2 * N[(u2 * N[(N[(Pi * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[N[(N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision] * -2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.3333333333333333\right), 0.16666666666666666\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. sqr-powN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. pow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. pow-lowering-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{2}\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{4}}}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. pow-lowering-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)}}^{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    7. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left({\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    8. log-lowering-log.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left({\left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\log u1}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    9. metadata-eval99.1

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\color{blue}{0.25}}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  4. Applied egg-rr99.1%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left({\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.25}\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. pow-powN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot 2\right)}}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. pow1/2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1}}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot u2\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right)\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    7. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    9. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot u2\right)\right), \sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot u2\right)\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right)} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in u2 around 0

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)}, \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{6}}, \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left({u2}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3}} + \frac{1}{6}, \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    3. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{{u2}^{2} \cdot \left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{-1}{3}\right)} + \frac{1}{6}, \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left({u2}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)} + \frac{1}{6}, \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    5. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(u2 \cdot u2\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{6}, \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    6. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{u2 \cdot \left(u2 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} + \frac{1}{6}, \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    7. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), \frac{1}{6}\right)}, \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    8. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u2, \color{blue}{u2 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)}, \frac{1}{6}\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    9. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)}, \frac{1}{6}\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    10. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right), \frac{1}{6}\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    11. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right), \frac{1}{6}\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    12. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \frac{1}{6}\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    13. PI-lowering-PI.f6499.0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right), 0.16666666666666666\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right) \]
  9. Simplified99.0%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right), 0.16666666666666666\right)}, \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right) \]
  10. Final simplification99.0%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u2, u2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.3333333333333333\right), 0.16666666666666666\right), \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right) \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 98.3% accurate, 2.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{2}, \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u1 u2)
 :precision binary64
 (fma (* 0.16666666666666666 (sqrt 2.0)) (sqrt (- (log u1))) 0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return fma((0.16666666666666666 * sqrt(2.0)), sqrt(-log(u1)), 0.5);
}
function code(u1, u2)
	return fma(Float64(0.16666666666666666 * sqrt(2.0)), sqrt(Float64(-log(u1))), 0.5)
end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[(0.16666666666666666 * N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[(-N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{2}, \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in u2 around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right) + \frac{1}{2}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{6}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1}, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{-2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
    6. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\log u1}}, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{-2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    7. log-lowering-log.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\log u1}}, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{-2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1}, \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    9. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1}, \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    10. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f640.0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1}, \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2}} \cdot 0.16666666666666666, 0.5\right) \]
  5. Simplified0.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1}, \sqrt{-2} \cdot 0.16666666666666666, 0.5\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. flip3-+N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right)}^{3} + {\frac{1}{2}}^{3}}{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} - \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}} \]
    2. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} - \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}{{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right)}^{3} + {\frac{1}{2}}^{3}}}} \]
    3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} - \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}{{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right)}^{3} + {\frac{1}{2}}^{3}}}} \]
    4. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right)}^{3} + {\frac{1}{2}}^{3}}{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} - \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}}} \]
    5. flip3-+N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) + \frac{1}{2}}}} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666, \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right)}}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. remove-double-divN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2} + \frac{1}{2}} \]
    2. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1 \cdot 2\right)}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{2 \cdot \log u1}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)\right)}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. sqrt-prodN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    7. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    8. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
    9. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    10. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}, \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    11. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}, \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    12. neg-lowering-neg.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}, \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    13. log-lowering-log.f6498.7

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{2}, \sqrt{-\color{blue}{\log u1}}, 0.5\right) \]
  9. Applied egg-rr98.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{2}, \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right)} \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 98.2% accurate, 2.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2}, 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u1 u2)
 :precision binary64
 (fma (sqrt 2.0) (* 0.16666666666666666 (sqrt (- (log u1)))) 0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return fma(sqrt(2.0), (0.16666666666666666 * sqrt(-log(u1))), 0.5);
}
function code(u1, u2)
	return fma(sqrt(2.0), Float64(0.16666666666666666 * sqrt(Float64(-log(u1)))), 0.5)
end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.16666666666666666 * N[Sqrt[(-N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2}, 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in u2 around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right) + \frac{1}{2}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{6}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1}, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{-2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
    6. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\log u1}}, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{-2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    7. log-lowering-log.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\log u1}}, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{-2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1}, \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    9. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1}, \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    10. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f640.0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1}, \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2}} \cdot 0.16666666666666666, 0.5\right) \]
  5. Simplified0.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1}, \sqrt{-2} \cdot 0.16666666666666666, 0.5\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. flip3-+N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right)}^{3} + {\frac{1}{2}}^{3}}{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} - \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}} \]
    2. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} - \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}{{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right)}^{3} + {\frac{1}{2}}^{3}}}} \]
    3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} - \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}{{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right)}^{3} + {\frac{1}{2}}^{3}}}} \]
    4. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right)}^{3} + {\frac{1}{2}}^{3}}{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} - \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}}} \]
    5. flip3-+N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) + \frac{1}{2}}}} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666, \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.5\right)}}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. remove-double-divN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2} + \frac{1}{2}} \]
    2. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1 \cdot 2\right)}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{2 \cdot \log u1}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)\right)}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. sqrt-prodN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    7. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    9. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    10. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2}, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
    11. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    12. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2}, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    13. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2}, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    14. neg-lowering-neg.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2}, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\log u1\right)}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    15. log-lowering-log.f6498.6

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2}, 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{-\color{blue}{\log u1}}, 0.5\right) \]
  9. Applied egg-rr98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{2}, 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{-\log u1}, 0.5\right)} \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 98.1% accurate, 2.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.16666666666666666, 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u1 u2)
 :precision binary64
 (fma (sqrt (* (log u1) -2.0)) 0.16666666666666666 0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
	return fma(sqrt((log(u1) * -2.0)), 0.16666666666666666, 0.5);
}
function code(u1, u2)
	return fma(sqrt(Float64(log(u1) * -2.0)), 0.16666666666666666, 0.5)
end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision] * -2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 0.16666666666666666 + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.16666666666666666, 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5 \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in u2 around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right) + \frac{1}{2}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{6}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\log u1} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1}, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{-2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
    6. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\log u1}}, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{-2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    7. log-lowering-log.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\log u1}}, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{-2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1}, \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    9. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1}, \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    10. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f640.0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1}, \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2}} \cdot 0.16666666666666666, 0.5\right) \]
  5. Simplified0.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1}, \sqrt{-2} \cdot 0.16666666666666666, 0.5\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{6}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\log u1}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    2. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\log u1} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    3. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \sqrt{-2}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{\log u1} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    4. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-2} \cdot \sqrt{\log u1}\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    5. sqrt-prodN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1} \cdot \frac{1}{6}} + \frac{1}{2} \]
    7. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1}, \frac{1}{6}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
    8. unpow1N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{1}}}, \frac{1}{6}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    9. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{2}\right)}}}, \frac{1}{6}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    10. sqrt-pow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1}\right)}^{2}}}, \frac{1}{6}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    11. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\sqrt{-2 \cdot \log u1}\right)}^{2}}}, \frac{1}{6}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    12. sqrt-pow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\left(\frac{2}{2}\right)}}}, \frac{1}{6}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    13. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{{\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{\color{blue}{1}}}, \frac{1}{6}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    14. unpow1N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot \log u1}}, \frac{1}{6}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    15. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\log u1 \cdot -2}}, \frac{1}{6}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    16. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\log u1 \cdot -2}}, \frac{1}{6}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    17. log-lowering-log.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\log u1} \cdot -2}, \frac{1}{6}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]
    18. metadata-eval98.5

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, \color{blue}{0.16666666666666666}, 0.5\right) \]
  7. Applied egg-rr98.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\log u1 \cdot -2}, 0.16666666666666666, 0.5\right)} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024199 
(FPCore (u1 u2)
  :name "normal distribution"
  :precision binary64
  :pre (and (and (<= 0.0 u1) (<= u1 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 u2) (<= u2 1.0)))
  (+ (* (* (/ 1.0 6.0) (pow (* -2.0 (log u1)) 0.5)) (cos (* (* 2.0 PI) u2))) 0.5))