Octave 3.8, oct_fill_randg

Percentage Accurate: 99.7% → 99.7%
Time: 13.5s
Alternatives: 12
Speedup: 2.4×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := a - \frac{1}{3}\\ t\_0 \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot t\_0}} \cdot rand\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a rand)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (- a (/ 1.0 3.0))))
   (* t_0 (+ 1.0 (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt (* 9.0 t_0))) rand)))))
double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0);
	return t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand));
}
real(8) function code(a, rand)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: rand
    real(8) :: t_0
    t_0 = a - (1.0d0 / 3.0d0)
    code = t_0 * (1.0d0 + ((1.0d0 / sqrt((9.0d0 * t_0))) * rand))
end function
public static double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0);
	return t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / Math.sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand));
}
def code(a, rand):
	t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0)
	return t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / math.sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand))
function code(a, rand)
	t_0 = Float64(a - Float64(1.0 / 3.0))
	return Float64(t_0 * Float64(1.0 + Float64(Float64(1.0 / sqrt(Float64(9.0 * t_0))) * rand)))
end
function tmp = code(a, rand)
	t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0);
	tmp = t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand));
end
code[a_, rand_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(a - N[(1.0 / 3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(t$95$0 * N[(1.0 + N[(N[(1.0 / N[Sqrt[N[(9.0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * rand), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := a - \frac{1}{3}\\
t\_0 \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot t\_0}} \cdot rand\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 12 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := a - \frac{1}{3}\\ t\_0 \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot t\_0}} \cdot rand\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a rand)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (- a (/ 1.0 3.0))))
   (* t_0 (+ 1.0 (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt (* 9.0 t_0))) rand)))))
double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0);
	return t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand));
}
real(8) function code(a, rand)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: rand
    real(8) :: t_0
    t_0 = a - (1.0d0 / 3.0d0)
    code = t_0 * (1.0d0 + ((1.0d0 / sqrt((9.0d0 * t_0))) * rand))
end function
public static double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0);
	return t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / Math.sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand));
}
def code(a, rand):
	t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0)
	return t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / math.sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand))
function code(a, rand)
	t_0 = Float64(a - Float64(1.0 / 3.0))
	return Float64(t_0 * Float64(1.0 + Float64(Float64(1.0 / sqrt(Float64(9.0 * t_0))) * rand)))
end
function tmp = code(a, rand)
	t_0 = a - (1.0 / 3.0);
	tmp = t_0 * (1.0 + ((1.0 / sqrt((9.0 * t_0))) * rand));
end
code[a_, rand_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(a - N[(1.0 / 3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(t$95$0 * N[(1.0 + N[(N[(1.0 / N[Sqrt[N[(9.0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * rand), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := a - \frac{1}{3}\\
t\_0 \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot t\_0}} \cdot rand\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.7% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(a \cdot \left(1 - \frac{0.3333333333333333}{a}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a rand)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (* a (- 1.0 (/ 0.3333333333333333 a)))
  (+ 1.0 (/ rand (sqrt (fma 9.0 a -3.0))))))
double code(double a, double rand) {
	return (a * (1.0 - (0.3333333333333333 / a))) * (1.0 + (rand / sqrt(fma(9.0, a, -3.0))));
}
function code(a, rand)
	return Float64(Float64(a * Float64(1.0 - Float64(0.3333333333333333 / a))) * Float64(1.0 + Float64(rand / sqrt(fma(9.0, a, -3.0)))))
end
code[a_, rand_] := N[(N[(a * N[(1.0 - N[(0.3333333333333333 / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 + N[(rand / N[Sqrt[N[(9.0 * a + -3.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(a \cdot \left(1 - \frac{0.3333333333333333}{a}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.8%

    \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{rand \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
    2. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
    3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
    4. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
    5. sub-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
    6. distribute-lft-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
    7. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
    8. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}}\right) \]
    9. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{-3}}}\right) \]
    10. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
    11. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.8

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \color{blue}{-3}\right)}}\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr99.8%

    \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}}\right) \]
  5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \left(1 - \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}\right) \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \left(1 - \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}\right) \]
    2. --lowering--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}\right) \]
    3. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{3} \cdot 1}{a}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}\right) \]
    4. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a \cdot \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}}{a}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}\right) \]
    5. /-lowering-/.f6499.9

      \[\leadsto \left(a \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{a}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}\right) \]
  7. Simplified99.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \left(1 - \frac{0.3333333333333333}{a}\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}\right) \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a rand)
 :precision binary64
 (* (+ 1.0 (/ rand (sqrt (fma 9.0 a -3.0)))) (- a (/ 1.0 3.0))))
double code(double a, double rand) {
	return (1.0 + (rand / sqrt(fma(9.0, a, -3.0)))) * (a - (1.0 / 3.0));
}
function code(a, rand)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 + Float64(rand / sqrt(fma(9.0, a, -3.0)))) * Float64(a - Float64(1.0 / 3.0)))
end
code[a_, rand_] := N[(N[(1.0 + N[(rand / N[Sqrt[N[(9.0 * a + -3.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - N[(1.0 / 3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.8%

    \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{rand \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
    2. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
    3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
    4. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
    5. sub-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
    6. distribute-lft-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
    7. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
    8. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}}\right) \]
    9. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{-3}}}\right) \]
    10. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
    11. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.8

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \color{blue}{-3}\right)}}\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr99.8%

    \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}}\right) \]
  5. Final simplification99.8%

    \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 92.2% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := rand \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{+96}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 3.5 \cdot 10^{+77}:\\ \;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a rand)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* rand (* 0.3333333333333333 (sqrt (+ a -0.3333333333333333))))))
   (if (<= rand -8.2e+96)
     t_0
     (if (<= rand 3.5e+77) (+ a -0.3333333333333333) t_0))))
double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = rand * (0.3333333333333333 * sqrt((a + -0.3333333333333333)));
	double tmp;
	if (rand <= -8.2e+96) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (rand <= 3.5e+77) {
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
	} else {
		tmp = t_0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(a, rand)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: rand
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = rand * (0.3333333333333333d0 * sqrt((a + (-0.3333333333333333d0))))
    if (rand <= (-8.2d+96)) then
        tmp = t_0
    else if (rand <= 3.5d+77) then
        tmp = a + (-0.3333333333333333d0)
    else
        tmp = t_0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = rand * (0.3333333333333333 * Math.sqrt((a + -0.3333333333333333)));
	double tmp;
	if (rand <= -8.2e+96) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (rand <= 3.5e+77) {
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
	} else {
		tmp = t_0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, rand):
	t_0 = rand * (0.3333333333333333 * math.sqrt((a + -0.3333333333333333)))
	tmp = 0
	if rand <= -8.2e+96:
		tmp = t_0
	elif rand <= 3.5e+77:
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333
	else:
		tmp = t_0
	return tmp
function code(a, rand)
	t_0 = Float64(rand * Float64(0.3333333333333333 * sqrt(Float64(a + -0.3333333333333333))))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (rand <= -8.2e+96)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (rand <= 3.5e+77)
		tmp = Float64(a + -0.3333333333333333);
	else
		tmp = t_0;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, rand)
	t_0 = rand * (0.3333333333333333 * sqrt((a + -0.3333333333333333)));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (rand <= -8.2e+96)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (rand <= 3.5e+77)
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
	else
		tmp = t_0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, rand_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(rand * N[(0.3333333333333333 * N[Sqrt[N[(a + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[rand, -8.2e+96], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[rand, 3.5e+77], N[(a + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := rand \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{+96}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0\\

\mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 3.5 \cdot 10^{+77}:\\
\;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if rand < -8.19999999999999996e96 or 3.5000000000000001e77 < rand

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      2. sqrt-prodN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
      3. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}\right) \]
      4. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      8. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      9. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      10. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      11. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      12. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      13. metadata-eval99.6

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
    5. Taylor expanded in rand around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot rand\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]
      3. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]
      4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]
      5. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      6. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      7. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      8. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      9. *-lowering-*.f6491.7

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \]
    7. Simplified91.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot rand} \]
      3. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}\right)} \cdot rand \]
      4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot rand} \]
      5. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}\right)} \cdot rand \]
      6. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}}\right) \cdot rand \]
      7. +-lowering-+.f6491.8

        \[\leadsto \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333}}\right) \cdot rand \]
    9. Applied egg-rr91.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}\right) \cdot rand} \]

    if -8.19999999999999996e96 < rand < 3.5000000000000001e77

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{rand \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      2. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      4. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      5. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
      6. distribute-lft-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
      7. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
      8. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}}\right) \]
      9. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{-3}}}\right) \]
      10. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
      11. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval100.0

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \color{blue}{-3}\right)}}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr100.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}}\right) \]
    5. Taylor expanded in rand around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{3}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)} \]
      2. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}} \]
      3. +-lowering-+.f6494.5

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]
    7. Simplified94.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification93.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{+96}:\\ \;\;\;\;rand \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 3.5 \cdot 10^{+77}:\\ \;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;rand \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 92.1% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{+101}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{+77}:\\ \;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a rand)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (sqrt (+ a -0.3333333333333333)) (* 0.3333333333333333 rand))))
   (if (<= rand -1.3e+101)
     t_0
     (if (<= rand 4.5e+77) (+ a -0.3333333333333333) t_0))))
double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = sqrt((a + -0.3333333333333333)) * (0.3333333333333333 * rand);
	double tmp;
	if (rand <= -1.3e+101) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (rand <= 4.5e+77) {
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
	} else {
		tmp = t_0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(a, rand)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: rand
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = sqrt((a + (-0.3333333333333333d0))) * (0.3333333333333333d0 * rand)
    if (rand <= (-1.3d+101)) then
        tmp = t_0
    else if (rand <= 4.5d+77) then
        tmp = a + (-0.3333333333333333d0)
    else
        tmp = t_0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = Math.sqrt((a + -0.3333333333333333)) * (0.3333333333333333 * rand);
	double tmp;
	if (rand <= -1.3e+101) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (rand <= 4.5e+77) {
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
	} else {
		tmp = t_0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, rand):
	t_0 = math.sqrt((a + -0.3333333333333333)) * (0.3333333333333333 * rand)
	tmp = 0
	if rand <= -1.3e+101:
		tmp = t_0
	elif rand <= 4.5e+77:
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333
	else:
		tmp = t_0
	return tmp
function code(a, rand)
	t_0 = Float64(sqrt(Float64(a + -0.3333333333333333)) * Float64(0.3333333333333333 * rand))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (rand <= -1.3e+101)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (rand <= 4.5e+77)
		tmp = Float64(a + -0.3333333333333333);
	else
		tmp = t_0;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, rand)
	t_0 = sqrt((a + -0.3333333333333333)) * (0.3333333333333333 * rand);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (rand <= -1.3e+101)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (rand <= 4.5e+77)
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
	else
		tmp = t_0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, rand_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[Sqrt[N[(a + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.3333333333333333 * rand), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[rand, -1.3e+101], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[rand, 4.5e+77], N[(a + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{+101}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0\\

\mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{+77}:\\
\;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if rand < -1.3e101 or 4.50000000000000024e77 < rand

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      2. sqrt-prodN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
      3. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}\right) \]
      4. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      8. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      9. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      10. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      11. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      12. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      13. metadata-eval99.6

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
    5. Taylor expanded in rand around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot rand\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]
      3. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]
      4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]
      5. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      6. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      7. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      8. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      9. *-lowering-*.f6491.7

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \]
    7. Simplified91.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \]

    if -1.3e101 < rand < 4.50000000000000024e77

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{rand \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      2. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      4. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      5. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
      6. distribute-lft-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
      7. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
      8. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}}\right) \]
      9. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{-3}}}\right) \]
      10. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
      11. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval100.0

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \color{blue}{-3}\right)}}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr100.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}}\right) \]
    5. Taylor expanded in rand around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{3}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)} \]
      2. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}} \]
      3. +-lowering-+.f6494.5

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]
    7. Simplified94.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification93.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{+101}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{+77}:\\ \;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 91.4% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := rand \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -1 \cdot 10^{+97}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 1.7 \cdot 10^{+77}:\\ \;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a rand)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* rand (* 0.3333333333333333 (sqrt a)))))
   (if (<= rand -1e+97)
     t_0
     (if (<= rand 1.7e+77) (+ a -0.3333333333333333) t_0))))
double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = rand * (0.3333333333333333 * sqrt(a));
	double tmp;
	if (rand <= -1e+97) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (rand <= 1.7e+77) {
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
	} else {
		tmp = t_0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(a, rand)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: rand
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = rand * (0.3333333333333333d0 * sqrt(a))
    if (rand <= (-1d+97)) then
        tmp = t_0
    else if (rand <= 1.7d+77) then
        tmp = a + (-0.3333333333333333d0)
    else
        tmp = t_0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double a, double rand) {
	double t_0 = rand * (0.3333333333333333 * Math.sqrt(a));
	double tmp;
	if (rand <= -1e+97) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (rand <= 1.7e+77) {
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
	} else {
		tmp = t_0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, rand):
	t_0 = rand * (0.3333333333333333 * math.sqrt(a))
	tmp = 0
	if rand <= -1e+97:
		tmp = t_0
	elif rand <= 1.7e+77:
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333
	else:
		tmp = t_0
	return tmp
function code(a, rand)
	t_0 = Float64(rand * Float64(0.3333333333333333 * sqrt(a)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (rand <= -1e+97)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (rand <= 1.7e+77)
		tmp = Float64(a + -0.3333333333333333);
	else
		tmp = t_0;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, rand)
	t_0 = rand * (0.3333333333333333 * sqrt(a));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (rand <= -1e+97)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (rand <= 1.7e+77)
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
	else
		tmp = t_0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, rand_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(rand * N[(0.3333333333333333 * N[Sqrt[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[rand, -1e+97], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[rand, 1.7e+77], N[(a + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := rand \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -1 \cdot 10^{+97}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0\\

\mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 1.7 \cdot 10^{+77}:\\
\;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if rand < -1.0000000000000001e97 or 1.69999999999999998e77 < rand

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      2. sqrt-prodN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
      3. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}\right) \]
      4. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      8. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      9. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      10. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      11. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      12. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      13. metadata-eval99.6

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
    5. Taylor expanded in rand around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot rand\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]
      3. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]
      4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]
      5. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      6. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      7. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      8. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      9. *-lowering-*.f6491.7

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \]
    7. Simplified91.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\sqrt{a} \cdot rand\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\sqrt{a} \cdot rand\right)} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{3} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)} \]
      3. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{3} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)} \]
      4. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f6489.5

        \[\leadsto 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(rand \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{a}}\right) \]
    10. Simplified89.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) \cdot \sqrt{a}} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right)} \]
      3. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot rand} \]
      4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot rand} \]
      5. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot rand \]
      6. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f6489.6

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{a}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot rand \]
    12. Applied egg-rr89.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a} \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot rand} \]

    if -1.0000000000000001e97 < rand < 1.69999999999999998e77

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{rand \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      2. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      4. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      5. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
      6. distribute-lft-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
      7. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
      8. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}}\right) \]
      9. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{-3}}}\right) \]
      10. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
      11. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval100.0

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \color{blue}{-3}\right)}}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr100.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}}\right) \]
    5. Taylor expanded in rand around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{3}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)} \]
      2. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}} \]
      3. +-lowering-+.f6494.5

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]
    7. Simplified94.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification92.6%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -1 \cdot 10^{+97}:\\ \;\;\;\;rand \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 1.7 \cdot 10^{+77}:\\ \;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;rand \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 91.4% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -1.1 \cdot 10^{+97}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand\right) \cdot \sqrt{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 4 \cdot 10^{+77}:\\ \;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a rand)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= rand -1.1e+97)
   (* (* 0.3333333333333333 rand) (sqrt a))
   (if (<= rand 4e+77)
     (+ a -0.3333333333333333)
     (* 0.3333333333333333 (* rand (sqrt a))))))
double code(double a, double rand) {
	double tmp;
	if (rand <= -1.1e+97) {
		tmp = (0.3333333333333333 * rand) * sqrt(a);
	} else if (rand <= 4e+77) {
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.3333333333333333 * (rand * sqrt(a));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(a, rand)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: rand
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (rand <= (-1.1d+97)) then
        tmp = (0.3333333333333333d0 * rand) * sqrt(a)
    else if (rand <= 4d+77) then
        tmp = a + (-0.3333333333333333d0)
    else
        tmp = 0.3333333333333333d0 * (rand * sqrt(a))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double a, double rand) {
	double tmp;
	if (rand <= -1.1e+97) {
		tmp = (0.3333333333333333 * rand) * Math.sqrt(a);
	} else if (rand <= 4e+77) {
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.3333333333333333 * (rand * Math.sqrt(a));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, rand):
	tmp = 0
	if rand <= -1.1e+97:
		tmp = (0.3333333333333333 * rand) * math.sqrt(a)
	elif rand <= 4e+77:
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333
	else:
		tmp = 0.3333333333333333 * (rand * math.sqrt(a))
	return tmp
function code(a, rand)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (rand <= -1.1e+97)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.3333333333333333 * rand) * sqrt(a));
	elseif (rand <= 4e+77)
		tmp = Float64(a + -0.3333333333333333);
	else
		tmp = Float64(0.3333333333333333 * Float64(rand * sqrt(a)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, rand)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (rand <= -1.1e+97)
		tmp = (0.3333333333333333 * rand) * sqrt(a);
	elseif (rand <= 4e+77)
		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
	else
		tmp = 0.3333333333333333 * (rand * sqrt(a));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, rand_] := If[LessEqual[rand, -1.1e+97], N[(N[(0.3333333333333333 * rand), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[rand, 4e+77], N[(a + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.3333333333333333 * N[(rand * N[Sqrt[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -1.1 \cdot 10^{+97}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand\right) \cdot \sqrt{a}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 4 \cdot 10^{+77}:\\
\;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if rand < -1.1e97

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      2. sqrt-prodN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
      3. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}\right) \]
      4. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      8. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      9. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      10. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      11. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      12. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      13. metadata-eval99.6

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
    5. Taylor expanded in rand around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot rand\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]
      3. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]
      4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]
      5. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      6. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      7. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      8. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      9. *-lowering-*.f6493.0

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \]
    7. Simplified93.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Simplified90.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right) \]

      if -1.1e97 < rand < 3.99999999999999993e77

      1. Initial program 99.9%

        \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{rand \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        2. un-div-invN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        4. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        5. sub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        6. distribute-lft-inN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        7. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
        8. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}}\right) \]
        9. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{-3}}}\right) \]
        10. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        11. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        12. metadata-eval100.0

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \color{blue}{-3}\right)}}\right) \]
      4. Applied egg-rr100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}}\right) \]
      5. Taylor expanded in rand around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{3}} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. sub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)} \]
        2. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}} \]
        3. +-lowering-+.f6494.5

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]
      7. Simplified94.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]

      if 3.99999999999999993e77 < rand

      1. Initial program 99.5%

        \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-*l/N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        2. sqrt-prodN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
        3. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}\right) \]
        4. times-fracN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
        5. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
        6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
        7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        8. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        9. sub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        10. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        11. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        12. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        13. metadata-eval99.7

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
      4. Applied egg-rr99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
      5. Taylor expanded in rand around inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}\right)} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}} \]
        2. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot rand\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]
        3. associate-*l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]
        4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]
        5. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        6. sub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        7. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        8. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        9. *-lowering-*.f6490.4

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \]
      7. Simplified90.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \]
      8. Taylor expanded in a around inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\sqrt{a} \cdot rand\right)} \]
      9. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\sqrt{a} \cdot rand\right)} \]
        2. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{3} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)} \]
        3. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{3} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)} \]
        4. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f6488.3

          \[\leadsto 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(rand \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{a}}\right) \]
      10. Simplified88.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)} \]
    10. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
    11. Final simplification92.6%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -1.1 \cdot 10^{+97}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand\right) \cdot \sqrt{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 4 \cdot 10^{+77}:\\ \;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
    12. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 7: 91.4% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{+101}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 2.05 \cdot 10^{+77}:\\ \;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (a rand)
     :precision binary64
     (let* ((t_0 (* 0.3333333333333333 (* rand (sqrt a)))))
       (if (<= rand -1.3e+101)
         t_0
         (if (<= rand 2.05e+77) (+ a -0.3333333333333333) t_0))))
    double code(double a, double rand) {
    	double t_0 = 0.3333333333333333 * (rand * sqrt(a));
    	double tmp;
    	if (rand <= -1.3e+101) {
    		tmp = t_0;
    	} else if (rand <= 2.05e+77) {
    		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
    	} else {
    		tmp = t_0;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    real(8) function code(a, rand)
        real(8), intent (in) :: a
        real(8), intent (in) :: rand
        real(8) :: t_0
        real(8) :: tmp
        t_0 = 0.3333333333333333d0 * (rand * sqrt(a))
        if (rand <= (-1.3d+101)) then
            tmp = t_0
        else if (rand <= 2.05d+77) then
            tmp = a + (-0.3333333333333333d0)
        else
            tmp = t_0
        end if
        code = tmp
    end function
    
    public static double code(double a, double rand) {
    	double t_0 = 0.3333333333333333 * (rand * Math.sqrt(a));
    	double tmp;
    	if (rand <= -1.3e+101) {
    		tmp = t_0;
    	} else if (rand <= 2.05e+77) {
    		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
    	} else {
    		tmp = t_0;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    def code(a, rand):
    	t_0 = 0.3333333333333333 * (rand * math.sqrt(a))
    	tmp = 0
    	if rand <= -1.3e+101:
    		tmp = t_0
    	elif rand <= 2.05e+77:
    		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333
    	else:
    		tmp = t_0
    	return tmp
    
    function code(a, rand)
    	t_0 = Float64(0.3333333333333333 * Float64(rand * sqrt(a)))
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (rand <= -1.3e+101)
    		tmp = t_0;
    	elseif (rand <= 2.05e+77)
    		tmp = Float64(a + -0.3333333333333333);
    	else
    		tmp = t_0;
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    function tmp_2 = code(a, rand)
    	t_0 = 0.3333333333333333 * (rand * sqrt(a));
    	tmp = 0.0;
    	if (rand <= -1.3e+101)
    		tmp = t_0;
    	elseif (rand <= 2.05e+77)
    		tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
    	else
    		tmp = t_0;
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    code[a_, rand_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(0.3333333333333333 * N[(rand * N[Sqrt[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[rand, -1.3e+101], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[rand, 2.05e+77], N[(a + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)\\
    \mathbf{if}\;rand \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{+101}:\\
    \;\;\;\;t\_0\\
    
    \mathbf{elif}\;rand \leq 2.05 \cdot 10^{+77}:\\
    \;\;\;\;a + -0.3333333333333333\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;t\_0\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if rand < -1.3e101 or 2.05e77 < rand

      1. Initial program 99.5%

        \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-*l/N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        2. sqrt-prodN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
        3. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}\right) \]
        4. times-fracN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
        5. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
        6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
        7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        8. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        9. sub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        10. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        11. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        12. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        13. metadata-eval99.6

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
      4. Applied egg-rr99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
      5. Taylor expanded in rand around inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}\right)} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}} \]
        2. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot rand\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]
        3. associate-*l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]
        4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \]
        5. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        6. sub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        7. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        8. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
        9. *-lowering-*.f6491.7

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \]
      7. Simplified91.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left(rand \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \]
      8. Taylor expanded in a around inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\sqrt{a} \cdot rand\right)} \]
      9. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\sqrt{a} \cdot rand\right)} \]
        2. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{3} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)} \]
        3. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{3} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)} \]
        4. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f6489.5

          \[\leadsto 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(rand \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{a}}\right) \]
      10. Simplified89.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)} \]

      if -1.3e101 < rand < 2.05e77

      1. Initial program 99.9%

        \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{rand \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        2. un-div-invN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        4. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        5. sub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        6. distribute-lft-inN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        7. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
        8. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}}\right) \]
        9. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{-3}}}\right) \]
        10. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        11. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        12. metadata-eval100.0

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \color{blue}{-3}\right)}}\right) \]
      4. Applied egg-rr100.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}}\right) \]
      5. Taylor expanded in rand around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{3}} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. sub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)} \]
        2. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}} \]
        3. +-lowering-+.f6494.5

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]
      7. Simplified94.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]
    3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    4. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 8: 99.8% accurate, 2.4× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ a + \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}, 0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand, -0.3333333333333333\right) \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (a rand)
     :precision binary64
     (+
      a
      (fma
       (sqrt (+ a -0.3333333333333333))
       (* 0.3333333333333333 rand)
       -0.3333333333333333)))
    double code(double a, double rand) {
    	return a + fma(sqrt((a + -0.3333333333333333)), (0.3333333333333333 * rand), -0.3333333333333333);
    }
    
    function code(a, rand)
    	return Float64(a + fma(sqrt(Float64(a + -0.3333333333333333)), Float64(0.3333333333333333 * rand), -0.3333333333333333))
    end
    
    code[a_, rand_] := N[(a + N[(N[Sqrt[N[(a + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.3333333333333333 * rand), $MachinePrecision] + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    a + \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}, 0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand, -0.3333333333333333\right)
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      2. sqrt-prodN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
      3. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}\right) \]
      4. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      8. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      9. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      10. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      11. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      12. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      13. metadata-eval99.8

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
    5. Taylor expanded in rand around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{rand \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} + \frac{a}{rand}\right) - \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{rand}\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{rand \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} + \frac{a}{rand}\right) - \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{rand}\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+N/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} + \left(\frac{a}{rand} - \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{rand}\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} + \left(\frac{a}{rand} - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{3} \cdot 1}{rand}}\right)\right) \]
      4. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} + \left(\frac{a}{rand} - \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}}{rand}\right)\right) \]
      5. div-subN/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} + \color{blue}{\frac{a - \frac{1}{3}}{rand}}\right) \]
      6. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}, \frac{a - \frac{1}{3}}{rand}\right)} \]
      7. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}, \frac{a - \frac{1}{3}}{rand}\right) \]
      8. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}, \frac{a - \frac{1}{3}}{rand}\right) \]
      9. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}, \frac{a - \frac{1}{3}}{rand}\right) \]
      10. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \frac{-1}{3}}}, \frac{a - \frac{1}{3}}{rand}\right) \]
      11. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, \color{blue}{\frac{a - \frac{1}{3}}{rand}}\right) \]
      12. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, \frac{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}{rand}\right) \]
      13. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, \frac{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}{rand}\right) \]
      14. +-lowering-+.f6476.3

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.3333333333333333, \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}, \frac{\color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333}}{rand}\right) \]
    7. Simplified76.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.3333333333333333, \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}, \frac{a + -0.3333333333333333}{rand}\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a + \frac{-1}{3}}{rand} + \frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}\right)} \]
      2. distribute-lft-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{rand \cdot \frac{a + \frac{-1}{3}}{rand} + rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}\right)} \]
      3. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{a + \frac{-1}{3}}{rand} \cdot rand} + rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}\right) \]
      4. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{rand}\right)} \cdot rand + rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}\right) \]
      5. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{rand} \cdot rand\right)} + rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}\right) \]
      6. inv-powN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{{rand}^{-1}} \cdot rand\right) + rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}\right) \]
      7. pow-plusN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{rand}^{\left(-1 + 1\right)}} + rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}\right) \]
      8. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot {rand}^{\color{blue}{0}} + rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}\right) \]
      9. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{1} + rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}\right) \]
      10. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a + \frac{-1}{3}, 1, rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}\right)\right)} \]
      11. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, 1, rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}\right)\right) \]
      12. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \frac{-1}{3}, 1, \color{blue}{\left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}}\right) \]
      13. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \frac{-1}{3}, 1, \color{blue}{\sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)}\right) \]
      14. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \frac{-1}{3}, 1, \color{blue}{\sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)}\right) \]
      15. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \frac{-1}{3}, 1, \color{blue}{\sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)\right) \]
      16. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \frac{-1}{3}, 1, \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \frac{-1}{3}}} \cdot \left(rand \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)\right) \]
      17. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \frac{-1}{3}, 1, \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right)}\right) \]
      18. *-lowering-*.f6499.8

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.3333333333333333, 1, \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand\right)}\right) \]
    9. Applied egg-rr99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.3333333333333333, 1, \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand\right)\right)} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) + \left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot 1} \]
      2. *-rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right)} \]
      3. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{3} + a\right)} \]
      4. associate-+r+N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) + \frac{-1}{3}\right) + a} \]
      5. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot rand\right) + \frac{-1}{3}\right) + a} \]
      6. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, \frac{1}{3} \cdot rand, \frac{-1}{3}\right)} + a \]
      7. *-rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot 1}}, \frac{1}{3} \cdot rand, \frac{-1}{3}\right) + a \]
      8. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot 1}}, \frac{1}{3} \cdot rand, \frac{-1}{3}\right) + a \]
      9. *-rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \frac{-1}{3}}}, \frac{1}{3} \cdot rand, \frac{-1}{3}\right) + a \]
      10. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \frac{-1}{3}}}, \frac{1}{3} \cdot rand, \frac{-1}{3}\right) + a \]
      11. *-lowering-*.f6499.8

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}, \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand}, -0.3333333333333333\right) + a \]
    11. Applied egg-rr99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}, 0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand, -0.3333333333333333\right) + a} \]
    12. Final simplification99.8%

      \[\leadsto a + \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}, 0.3333333333333333 \cdot rand, -0.3333333333333333\right) \]
    13. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 9: 98.6% accurate, 2.7× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}, 0.3333333333333333, a\right) \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (a rand)
     :precision binary64
     (fma (* rand (sqrt (+ a -0.3333333333333333))) 0.3333333333333333 a))
    double code(double a, double rand) {
    	return fma((rand * sqrt((a + -0.3333333333333333))), 0.3333333333333333, a);
    }
    
    function code(a, rand)
    	return fma(Float64(rand * sqrt(Float64(a + -0.3333333333333333))), 0.3333333333333333, a)
    end
    
    code[a_, rand_] := N[(N[(rand * N[Sqrt[N[(a + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.3333333333333333 + a), $MachinePrecision]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \mathsf{fma}\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}, 0.3333333333333333, a\right)
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
      2. sqrt-prodN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
      3. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1 \cdot rand}{\color{blue}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}\right) \]
      4. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}}\right) \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}}\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      8. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      9. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      10. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      11. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      12. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \]
      13. metadata-eval99.8

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333}\right) \]
    5. Taylor expanded in rand around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{rand \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} + \frac{a}{rand}\right) - \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{rand}\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{rand \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} + \frac{a}{rand}\right) - \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{rand}\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+N/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} + \left(\frac{a}{rand} - \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{rand}\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} + \left(\frac{a}{rand} - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{3} \cdot 1}{rand}}\right)\right) \]
      4. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} + \left(\frac{a}{rand} - \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}}{rand}\right)\right) \]
      5. div-subN/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}} + \color{blue}{\frac{a - \frac{1}{3}}{rand}}\right) \]
      6. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}, \frac{a - \frac{1}{3}}{rand}\right)} \]
      7. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \color{blue}{\sqrt{a - \frac{1}{3}}}, \frac{a - \frac{1}{3}}{rand}\right) \]
      8. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}, \frac{a - \frac{1}{3}}{rand}\right) \]
      9. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \sqrt{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}, \frac{a - \frac{1}{3}}{rand}\right) \]
      10. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \frac{-1}{3}}}, \frac{a - \frac{1}{3}}{rand}\right) \]
      11. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, \color{blue}{\frac{a - \frac{1}{3}}{rand}}\right) \]
      12. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, \frac{\color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}{rand}\right) \]
      13. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, \frac{a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}{rand}\right) \]
      14. +-lowering-+.f6476.3

        \[\leadsto rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.3333333333333333, \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}, \frac{\color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333}}{rand}\right) \]
    7. Simplified76.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{rand \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.3333333333333333, \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}, \frac{a + -0.3333333333333333}{rand}\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot rand + \frac{a + \frac{-1}{3}}{rand} \cdot rand} \]
      2. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}} \cdot rand\right)} + \frac{a + \frac{-1}{3}}{rand} \cdot rand \]
      3. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}} \cdot rand\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}} + \frac{a + \frac{-1}{3}}{rand} \cdot rand \]
      4. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}} \cdot rand, \frac{1}{3}, \frac{a + \frac{-1}{3}}{rand} \cdot rand\right)} \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{rand \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}}, \frac{1}{3}, \frac{a + \frac{-1}{3}}{rand} \cdot rand\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{rand \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}}, \frac{1}{3}, \frac{a + \frac{-1}{3}}{rand} \cdot rand\right) \]
      7. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(rand \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}}, \frac{1}{3}, \frac{a + \frac{-1}{3}}{rand} \cdot rand\right) \]
      8. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{a + \frac{-1}{3}}}, \frac{1}{3}, \frac{a + \frac{-1}{3}}{rand} \cdot rand\right) \]
      9. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, \frac{1}{3}, \color{blue}{\left(\left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{rand}\right)} \cdot rand\right) \]
      10. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, \frac{1}{3}, \color{blue}{\left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{rand} \cdot rand\right)}\right) \]
      11. inv-powN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, \frac{1}{3}, \left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{{rand}^{-1}} \cdot rand\right)\right) \]
      12. pow-plusN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, \frac{1}{3}, \left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{rand}^{\left(-1 + 1\right)}}\right) \]
      13. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, \frac{1}{3}, \left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot {rand}^{\color{blue}{0}}\right) \]
      14. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, \frac{1}{3}, \left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right) \]
      15. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, \frac{1}{3}, \color{blue}{\left(a + \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot 1}\right) \]
      16. +-lowering-+.f6499.8

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}, 0.3333333333333333, \color{blue}{\left(a + -0.3333333333333333\right)} \cdot 1\right) \]
    9. Applied egg-rr99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}, 0.3333333333333333, \left(a + -0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot 1\right)} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a + \frac{-1}{3}}, \frac{1}{3}, \color{blue}{a}\right) \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Simplified99.3%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(rand \cdot \sqrt{a + -0.3333333333333333}, 0.3333333333333333, \color{blue}{a}\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 10: 62.4% accurate, 17.0× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ a + -0.3333333333333333 \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (a rand) :precision binary64 (+ a -0.3333333333333333))
      double code(double a, double rand) {
      	return a + -0.3333333333333333;
      }
      
      real(8) function code(a, rand)
          real(8), intent (in) :: a
          real(8), intent (in) :: rand
          code = a + (-0.3333333333333333d0)
      end function
      
      public static double code(double a, double rand) {
      	return a + -0.3333333333333333;
      }
      
      def code(a, rand):
      	return a + -0.3333333333333333
      
      function code(a, rand)
      	return Float64(a + -0.3333333333333333)
      end
      
      function tmp = code(a, rand)
      	tmp = a + -0.3333333333333333;
      end
      
      code[a_, rand_] := N[(a + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      a + -0.3333333333333333
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 99.8%

        \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{rand \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        2. un-div-invN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        4. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        5. sub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        6. distribute-lft-inN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        7. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
        8. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}}\right) \]
        9. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{-3}}}\right) \]
        10. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        11. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        12. metadata-eval99.8

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \color{blue}{-3}\right)}}\right) \]
      4. Applied egg-rr99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}}\right) \]
      5. Taylor expanded in rand around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{3}} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. sub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)} \]
        2. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}} \]
        3. +-lowering-+.f6461.8

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]
      7. Simplified61.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]
      8. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 11: 61.2% accurate, 68.0× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ a \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (a rand) :precision binary64 a)
      double code(double a, double rand) {
      	return a;
      }
      
      real(8) function code(a, rand)
          real(8), intent (in) :: a
          real(8), intent (in) :: rand
          code = a
      end function
      
      public static double code(double a, double rand) {
      	return a;
      }
      
      def code(a, rand):
      	return a
      
      function code(a, rand)
      	return a
      end
      
      function tmp = code(a, rand)
      	tmp = a;
      end
      
      code[a_, rand_] := a
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      a
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 99.8%

        \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{rand \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        2. un-div-invN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        4. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
        5. sub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        6. distribute-lft-inN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        7. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
        8. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}}\right) \]
        9. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{-3}}}\right) \]
        10. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        11. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
        12. metadata-eval99.8

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \color{blue}{-3}\right)}}\right) \]
      4. Applied egg-rr99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}}\right) \]
      5. Taylor expanded in rand around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{3}} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. sub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)} \]
        2. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}} \]
        3. +-lowering-+.f6461.8

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]
      7. Simplified61.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]
      8. Taylor expanded in a around inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a} \]
      9. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Simplified61.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 12: 1.5% accurate, 68.0× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ -0.3333333333333333 \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (a rand) :precision binary64 -0.3333333333333333)
        double code(double a, double rand) {
        	return -0.3333333333333333;
        }
        
        real(8) function code(a, rand)
            real(8), intent (in) :: a
            real(8), intent (in) :: rand
            code = -0.3333333333333333d0
        end function
        
        public static double code(double a, double rand) {
        	return -0.3333333333333333;
        }
        
        def code(a, rand):
        	return -0.3333333333333333
        
        function code(a, rand)
        	return -0.3333333333333333
        end
        
        function tmp = code(a, rand)
        	tmp = -0.3333333333333333;
        end
        
        code[a_, rand_] := -0.3333333333333333
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        -0.3333333333333333
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 99.8%

          \[\left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot rand\right) \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{rand \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
          2. un-div-invN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
          3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
          4. sqrt-lowering-sqrt.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right)}}}\right) \]
          5. sub-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
          6. distribute-lft-inN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
          7. metadata-evalN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
          8. metadata-evalN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + 9 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}}}}\right) \]
          9. metadata-evalN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{-3}}}\right) \]
          10. metadata-evalN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{9 \cdot a + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
          11. accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}}}\right) \]
          12. metadata-eval99.8

            \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, \color{blue}{-3}\right)}}\right) \]
        4. Applied egg-rr99.8%

          \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{rand}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(9, a, -3\right)}}}\right) \]
        5. Taylor expanded in rand around 0

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{3}} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. sub-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)} \]
          2. metadata-evalN/A

            \[\leadsto a + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}} \]
          3. +-lowering-+.f6461.8

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]
        7. Simplified61.8%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a + -0.3333333333333333} \]
        8. Taylor expanded in a around 0

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}} \]
        9. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Simplified1.6%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.3333333333333333} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing

          Reproduce

          ?
          herbie shell --seed 2024198 
          (FPCore (a rand)
            :name "Octave 3.8, oct_fill_randg"
            :precision binary64
            (* (- a (/ 1.0 3.0)) (+ 1.0 (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt (* 9.0 (- a (/ 1.0 3.0))))) rand))))