NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B

Percentage Accurate: 78.3% → 99.6%
Time: 14.7s
Alternatives: 10
Speedup: 1.3×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 10 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 78.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{\pi}{a} - \frac{\pi}{b}}{a + b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b - a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (/ (- (/ PI a) (/ PI b)) (+ a b)) (/ 0.5 (- b a))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (((((double) M_PI) / a) - (((double) M_PI) / b)) / (a + b)) * (0.5 / (b - a));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (((Math.PI / a) - (Math.PI / b)) / (a + b)) * (0.5 / (b - a));
}
def code(a, b):
	return (((math.pi / a) - (math.pi / b)) / (a + b)) * (0.5 / (b - a))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / a) - Float64(pi / b)) / Float64(a + b)) * Float64(0.5 / Float64(b - a)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (((pi / a) - (pi / b)) / (a + b)) * (0.5 / (b - a));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(Pi / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(Pi / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{\pi}{a} - \frac{\pi}{b}}{a + b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b - a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 80.4%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-*l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)}} \]
    4. distribute-lft-out--N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{\color{blue}{2} \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
    5. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
    6. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{\left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{2}} \]
    8. associate-/l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    9. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b} - a \cdot a} \]
    10. difference-of-squaresN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b - a\right)}} \]
    11. times-fracN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b - a}} \]
    12. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{b + a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b - a}\right)}\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a} - \frac{\pi}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b - a}} \]
  5. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{a} - \frac{\pi}{b}}{a + b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b - a} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 96.4% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -8.5 \cdot 10^{+156}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a - b}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a \cdot \left(\frac{a}{\pi} + \frac{b}{\pi}\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a -8.5e+156)
   (* (/ (/ PI b) a) (/ 0.5 (- a b)))
   (/ (/ 0.5 b) (* a (+ (/ a PI) (/ b PI))))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -8.5e+156) {
		tmp = ((((double) M_PI) / b) / a) * (0.5 / (a - b));
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 / b) / (a * ((a / ((double) M_PI)) + (b / ((double) M_PI))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -8.5e+156) {
		tmp = ((Math.PI / b) / a) * (0.5 / (a - b));
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 / b) / (a * ((a / Math.PI) + (b / Math.PI)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -8.5e+156:
		tmp = ((math.pi / b) / a) * (0.5 / (a - b))
	else:
		tmp = (0.5 / b) / (a * ((a / math.pi) + (b / math.pi)))
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -8.5e+156)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / b) / a) * Float64(0.5 / Float64(a - b)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 / b) / Float64(a * Float64(Float64(a / pi) + Float64(b / pi))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -8.5e+156)
		tmp = ((pi / b) / a) * (0.5 / (a - b));
	else
		tmp = (0.5 / b) / (a * ((a / pi) + (b / pi)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[a, -8.5e+156], N[(N[(N[(Pi / b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 / N[(a - b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * N[(N[(a / Pi), $MachinePrecision] + N[(b / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -8.5 \cdot 10^{+156}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a - b}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a \cdot \left(\frac{a}{\pi} + \frac{b}{\pi}\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -8.49999999999999948e156

    1. Initial program 53.2%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)}} \]
      4. distribute-lft-out--N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{\color{blue}{2} \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      5. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      6. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{\left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{2}} \]
      8. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      9. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b} - a \cdot a} \]
      10. difference-of-squaresN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b - a\right)}} \]
      11. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b - a}} \]
      12. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{b + a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b - a}\right)}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a} - \frac{\pi}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b - a}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot b}\right)}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot b}\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
      2. neg-sub0N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(0 - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot b}\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
      3. --lowering--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{\_.f64}\left(0, \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot b}\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{\_.f64}\left(0, \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b \cdot a}\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
      5. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{\_.f64}\left(0, \left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{a}\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
      6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{\_.f64}\left(0, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right), a\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{\_.f64}\left(0, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), b\right), a\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. PI-lowering-PI.f6499.9%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{\_.f64}\left(0, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right), a\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0 - \frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b - a} \]

    if -8.49999999999999948e156 < a

    1. Initial program 84.3%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)}} \]
      4. distribute-lft-out--N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{\color{blue}{2} \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      5. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      6. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{\left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{2}} \]
      8. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      9. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b} - a \cdot a} \]
      10. difference-of-squaresN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b - a\right)}} \]
      11. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b - a}} \]
      12. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{b + a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b - a}\right)}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a} - \frac{\pi}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b - a}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}}{b - a} \]
      2. frac-timesN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      3. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
      4. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}\right), \color{blue}{\left(b - a\right)}\right)\right) \]
      6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(b + a\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right), \left(\color{blue}{b} - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(a + b\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      9. --lowering--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      10. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), a\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      11. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      12. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), b\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      13. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      14. --lowering--.f6498.7%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, \color{blue}{a}\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. Applied egg-rr98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\frac{a + b}{\frac{\pi}{a} - \frac{\pi}{b}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{{b}^{2}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    8. Simplified90.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{b \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot a}{\pi} + \frac{a \cdot b}{\pi}\right)}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b}}{\color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}} \]
      2. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a \cdot a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \left(\color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} + \frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right) \]
      4. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \left(a \cdot \frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \left(a \cdot \frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + a \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-lft-outN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \left(a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right)\right) \]
      7. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right)\right) \]
      8. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{+.f64}\left(\left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
      9. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{+.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{b}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      10. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{+.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), \left(\frac{b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      11. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{+.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(b, \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      12. PI-lowering-PI.f6497.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{+.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(b, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    10. Applied egg-rr97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a \cdot \left(\frac{a}{\pi} + \frac{b}{\pi}\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification97.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -8.5 \cdot 10^{+156}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a - b}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a \cdot \left(\frac{a}{\pi} + \frac{b}{\pi}\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 96.0% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -8.5 \cdot 10^{+156}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a - b}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{b \cdot \left(\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(a + b\right)\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a -8.5e+156)
   (* (/ (/ PI b) a) (/ 0.5 (- a b)))
   (/ 0.5 (* b (* (/ a PI) (+ a b))))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -8.5e+156) {
		tmp = ((((double) M_PI) / b) / a) * (0.5 / (a - b));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 / (b * ((a / ((double) M_PI)) * (a + b)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -8.5e+156) {
		tmp = ((Math.PI / b) / a) * (0.5 / (a - b));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 / (b * ((a / Math.PI) * (a + b)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -8.5e+156:
		tmp = ((math.pi / b) / a) * (0.5 / (a - b))
	else:
		tmp = 0.5 / (b * ((a / math.pi) * (a + b)))
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -8.5e+156)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / b) / a) * Float64(0.5 / Float64(a - b)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(0.5 / Float64(b * Float64(Float64(a / pi) * Float64(a + b))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -8.5e+156)
		tmp = ((pi / b) / a) * (0.5 / (a - b));
	else
		tmp = 0.5 / (b * ((a / pi) * (a + b)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[a, -8.5e+156], N[(N[(N[(Pi / b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 / N[(a - b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 / N[(b * N[(N[(a / Pi), $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -8.5 \cdot 10^{+156}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a - b}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{b \cdot \left(\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(a + b\right)\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -8.49999999999999948e156

    1. Initial program 53.2%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)}} \]
      4. distribute-lft-out--N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{\color{blue}{2} \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      5. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      6. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{\left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{2}} \]
      8. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      9. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b} - a \cdot a} \]
      10. difference-of-squaresN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b - a\right)}} \]
      11. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b - a}} \]
      12. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{b + a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b - a}\right)}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a} - \frac{\pi}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b - a}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot b}\right)}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot b}\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
      2. neg-sub0N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(0 - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot b}\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
      3. --lowering--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{\_.f64}\left(0, \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot b}\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{\_.f64}\left(0, \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b \cdot a}\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
      5. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{\_.f64}\left(0, \left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{a}\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
      6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{\_.f64}\left(0, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right), a\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{\_.f64}\left(0, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), b\right), a\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. PI-lowering-PI.f6499.9%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{\_.f64}\left(0, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right), a\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0 - \frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b - a} \]

    if -8.49999999999999948e156 < a

    1. Initial program 84.3%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)}} \]
      4. distribute-lft-out--N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{\color{blue}{2} \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      5. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      6. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{\left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{2}} \]
      8. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      9. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b} - a \cdot a} \]
      10. difference-of-squaresN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b - a\right)}} \]
      11. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b - a}} \]
      12. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{b + a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b - a}\right)}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a} - \frac{\pi}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b - a}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}}{b - a} \]
      2. frac-timesN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      3. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
      4. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}\right), \color{blue}{\left(b - a\right)}\right)\right) \]
      6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(b + a\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right), \left(\color{blue}{b} - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(a + b\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      9. --lowering--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      10. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), a\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      11. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      12. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), b\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      13. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      14. --lowering--.f6498.7%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, \color{blue}{a}\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. Applied egg-rr98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\frac{a + b}{\frac{\pi}{a} - \frac{\pi}{b}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{{b}^{2}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    8. Simplified90.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{b \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot a}{\pi} + \frac{a \cdot b}{\pi}\right)}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot a + \color{blue}{\frac{b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot a}\right)\right)\right) \]
      2. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot a + \frac{b \cdot a}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right)\right)\right) \]
      3. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot a + \frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
      4. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot a + \frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right) \]
      5. distribute-lft-outN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + b\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right), \color{blue}{\left(a + b\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), \left(\color{blue}{a} + b\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), \left(a + b\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      9. +-lowering-+.f6496.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    11. Simplified96.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{b \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(a + b\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification96.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -8.5 \cdot 10^{+156}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a - b}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{b \cdot \left(\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(a + b\right)\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 96.1% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.25 \cdot 10^{+94}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{0.5}{a \cdot b}}{\frac{a}{\pi}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{b \cdot \left(\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(a + b\right)\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a -1.25e+94)
   (/ (/ 0.5 (* a b)) (/ a PI))
   (/ 0.5 (* b (* (/ a PI) (+ a b))))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -1.25e+94) {
		tmp = (0.5 / (a * b)) / (a / ((double) M_PI));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 / (b * ((a / ((double) M_PI)) * (a + b)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -1.25e+94) {
		tmp = (0.5 / (a * b)) / (a / Math.PI);
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 / (b * ((a / Math.PI) * (a + b)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -1.25e+94:
		tmp = (0.5 / (a * b)) / (a / math.pi)
	else:
		tmp = 0.5 / (b * ((a / math.pi) * (a + b)))
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -1.25e+94)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 / Float64(a * b)) / Float64(a / pi));
	else
		tmp = Float64(0.5 / Float64(b * Float64(Float64(a / pi) * Float64(a + b))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -1.25e+94)
		tmp = (0.5 / (a * b)) / (a / pi);
	else
		tmp = 0.5 / (b * ((a / pi) * (a + b)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[a, -1.25e+94], N[(N[(0.5 / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 / N[(b * N[(N[(a / Pi), $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.25 \cdot 10^{+94}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{0.5}{a \cdot b}}{\frac{a}{\pi}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{b \cdot \left(\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(a + b\right)\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -1.25000000000000003e94

    1. Initial program 62.4%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in b around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2} \cdot b}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2}}}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
      2. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2}}}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
      3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2}}\right), \color{blue}{b}\right) \]
      4. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot a}\right), b\right) \]
      5. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{a}\right), b\right) \]
      6. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{a}\right), b\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), a\right), b\right) \]
      8. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), a\right), b\right) \]
      9. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), a\right), b\right) \]
      10. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), a\right), b\right) \]
      11. PI-lowering-PI.f6487.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), a\right), b\right) \]
    5. Simplified87.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}}{a}}{b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
      2. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{b} \cdot a} \]
      3. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b \cdot a}} \]
      4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b \cdot a}\right)}\right) \]
      5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot a\right)}\right)\right) \]
      6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), a\right), \left(\color{blue}{b} \cdot a\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \left(b \cdot a\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \left(a \cdot \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right) \]
      9. *-lowering-*.f6499.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. Applied egg-rr99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{a \cdot b}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
      2. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{a \cdot b} \]
      3. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{\color{blue}{a} \cdot b} \]
      4. associate-/r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\color{blue}{a} \cdot b} \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b \cdot \color{blue}{a}} \]
      6. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a}}{b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}} \]
      7. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a}}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}} \]
      8. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a}}{b}}{\color{blue}{\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}} \]
      9. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a}}{b}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      10. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b \cdot a}\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{a}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right) \]
      11. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a \cdot b}\right), \left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right) \]
      12. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \left(a \cdot b\right)\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{a}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right) \]
      13. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, b\right)\right), \left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right) \]
      14. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, b\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(a, \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right) \]
      15. PI-lowering-PI.f64100.0%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, b\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right)\right) \]
    9. Applied egg-rr100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{a \cdot b}}{\frac{a}{\pi}}} \]

    if -1.25000000000000003e94 < a

    1. Initial program 83.7%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)}} \]
      4. distribute-lft-out--N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{\color{blue}{2} \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      5. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      6. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{\left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{2}} \]
      8. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      9. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b} - a \cdot a} \]
      10. difference-of-squaresN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b - a\right)}} \]
      11. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b - a}} \]
      12. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{b + a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b - a}\right)}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a} - \frac{\pi}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b - a}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}}{b - a} \]
      2. frac-timesN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      3. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
      4. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}\right), \color{blue}{\left(b - a\right)}\right)\right) \]
      6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(b + a\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right), \left(\color{blue}{b} - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(a + b\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      9. --lowering--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      10. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), a\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      11. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      12. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), b\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      13. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      14. --lowering--.f6498.7%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, \color{blue}{a}\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. Applied egg-rr98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\frac{a + b}{\frac{\pi}{a} - \frac{\pi}{b}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{{b}^{2}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    8. Simplified90.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{b \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot a}{\pi} + \frac{a \cdot b}{\pi}\right)}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot a + \color{blue}{\frac{b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot a}\right)\right)\right) \]
      2. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot a + \frac{b \cdot a}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right)\right)\right) \]
      3. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot a + \frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
      4. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot a + \frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right) \]
      5. distribute-lft-outN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + b\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{a}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right), \color{blue}{\left(a + b\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), \left(\color{blue}{a} + b\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), \left(a + b\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      9. +-lowering-+.f6496.1%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    11. Simplified96.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{b \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(a + b\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 96.0% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.05 \cdot 10^{+80}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{a \cdot \left(\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot \left(a + b\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a}}{\frac{b}{0.5}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 1.05e+80)
   (/ 0.5 (* a (* (/ b PI) (+ a b))))
   (/ (/ (/ PI b) a) (/ b 0.5))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 1.05e+80) {
		tmp = 0.5 / (a * ((b / ((double) M_PI)) * (a + b)));
	} else {
		tmp = ((((double) M_PI) / b) / a) / (b / 0.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 1.05e+80) {
		tmp = 0.5 / (a * ((b / Math.PI) * (a + b)));
	} else {
		tmp = ((Math.PI / b) / a) / (b / 0.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= 1.05e+80:
		tmp = 0.5 / (a * ((b / math.pi) * (a + b)))
	else:
		tmp = ((math.pi / b) / a) / (b / 0.5)
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= 1.05e+80)
		tmp = Float64(0.5 / Float64(a * Float64(Float64(b / pi) * Float64(a + b))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / b) / a) / Float64(b / 0.5));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= 1.05e+80)
		tmp = 0.5 / (a * ((b / pi) * (a + b)));
	else
		tmp = ((pi / b) / a) / (b / 0.5);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[b, 1.05e+80], N[(0.5 / N[(a * N[(N[(b / Pi), $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(Pi / b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b / 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.05 \cdot 10^{+80}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{a \cdot \left(\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot \left(a + b\right)\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a}}{\frac{b}{0.5}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < 1.05000000000000001e80

    1. Initial program 82.7%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)}} \]
      4. distribute-lft-out--N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{\color{blue}{2} \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      5. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      6. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{\left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{2}} \]
      8. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      9. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b} - a \cdot a} \]
      10. difference-of-squaresN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b - a\right)}} \]
      11. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b - a}} \]
      12. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{b + a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b - a}\right)}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a} - \frac{\pi}{b}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b - a}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}}{b - a} \]
      2. frac-timesN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      3. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
      4. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{b + a}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}\right), \color{blue}{\left(b - a\right)}\right)\right) \]
      6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(b + a\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right), \left(\color{blue}{b} - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(a + b\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      9. --lowering--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      10. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), a\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      11. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      12. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), b\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      13. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right)\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      14. --lowering--.f6498.7%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(a, b\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, \color{blue}{a}\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. Applied egg-rr98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\frac{a + b}{\frac{\pi}{a} - \frac{\pi}{b}} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{{b}^{2}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    8. Simplified86.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{b \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot a}{\pi} + \frac{a \cdot b}{\pi}\right)}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in b around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{{a}^{2}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \left(b \cdot \left(\frac{{a}^{2}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right)\right)\right) \]
      2. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \left(\frac{{a}^{2}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot b + \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot b}\right)\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \left(\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \cdot b\right)\right) \]
      4. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \left(\frac{\left(a \cdot a\right) \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{\color{blue}{a} \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot b\right)\right) \]
      5. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \left(\frac{a \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot b\right)\right) \]
      6. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \left(a \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \cdot b\right)\right) \]
      7. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \left(a \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot b}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right)\right) \]
      8. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \left(a \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{a \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right) \]
      9. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \left(a \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{a \cdot {b}^{2}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right) \]
      10. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \left(a \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + a \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{{b}^{2}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right)\right) \]
      11. distribute-lft-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \left(a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{{b}^{2}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right)\right) \]
      12. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{{b}^{2}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right)\right) \]
      13. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \left(a \cdot \frac{b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{\color{blue}{{b}^{2}}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
      14. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \left(a \cdot \frac{b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{b \cdot b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
      15. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \left(a \cdot \frac{b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + b \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right)\right)\right) \]
      16. distribute-rgt-outN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \left(\frac{b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + b\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
      17. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{b}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right), \color{blue}{\left(a + b\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
    11. Simplified95.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{a \cdot \left(\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot \left(a + b\right)\right)}} \]

    if 1.05000000000000001e80 < b

    1. Initial program 72.7%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in b around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot {b}^{2}}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{{b}^{2}}} \]
      2. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{{b}^{2}}} \]
      3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \color{blue}{\left({b}^{2}\right)}\right) \]
      4. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \left({\color{blue}{b}}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left({\color{blue}{b}}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left({b}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      7. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left({b}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      8. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left(b \cdot \color{blue}{b}\right)\right) \]
      9. *-lowering-*.f6482.7%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \color{blue}{b}\right)\right) \]
    5. Simplified82.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}}{b \cdot b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{b} \cdot b} \]
      2. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}} \]
      3. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}\right)}\right) \]
      4. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}}{b}\right)\right) \]
      5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \color{blue}{b}\right)\right) \]
      6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), a\right), b\right)\right) \]
      7. PI-lowering-PI.f6499.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), b\right)\right) \]
    7. Applied egg-rr99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b}} \]
      2. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{b}{\frac{1}{2}}}} \]
      3. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}}{\color{blue}{\frac{b}{\frac{1}{2}}}} \]
      4. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{b}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)}\right) \]
      5. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b \cdot a}\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{b}}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
      6. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{a}\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{b}}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right), a\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{b}}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
      8. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), b\right), a\right), \left(\frac{b}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
      9. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right), a\right), \left(\frac{b}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
      10. /-lowering-/.f6499.9%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right), a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(b, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
    9. Applied egg-rr99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a}}{\frac{b}{0.5}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 77.3% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -4.5 \cdot 10^{-77}:\\ \;\;\;\;\pi \cdot \frac{\frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b}}{b - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a}}{\frac{b}{0.5}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a -4.5e-77)
   (* PI (/ (/ -0.5 (* a b)) (- b a)))
   (/ (/ (/ PI b) a) (/ b 0.5))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -4.5e-77) {
		tmp = ((double) M_PI) * ((-0.5 / (a * b)) / (b - a));
	} else {
		tmp = ((((double) M_PI) / b) / a) / (b / 0.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -4.5e-77) {
		tmp = Math.PI * ((-0.5 / (a * b)) / (b - a));
	} else {
		tmp = ((Math.PI / b) / a) / (b / 0.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -4.5e-77:
		tmp = math.pi * ((-0.5 / (a * b)) / (b - a))
	else:
		tmp = ((math.pi / b) / a) / (b / 0.5)
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -4.5e-77)
		tmp = Float64(pi * Float64(Float64(-0.5 / Float64(a * b)) / Float64(b - a)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / b) / a) / Float64(b / 0.5));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -4.5e-77)
		tmp = pi * ((-0.5 / (a * b)) / (b - a));
	else
		tmp = ((pi / b) / a) / (b / 0.5);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[a, -4.5e-77], N[(Pi * N[(N[(-0.5 / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(Pi / b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b / 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -4.5 \cdot 10^{-77}:\\
\;\;\;\;\pi \cdot \frac{\frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b}}{b - a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a}}{\frac{b}{0.5}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -4.5000000000000001e-77

    1. Initial program 78.7%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)}} \]
      4. distribute-lft-out--N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{\color{blue}{2} \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      5. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      6. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)} \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{\left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{2}} \]
      8. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      9. difference-of-squaresN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b - a\right)}} \]
      10. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2}}{b + a}}{\color{blue}{b - a}} \]
      11. *-rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a \cdot \color{blue}{1}} \]
      12. *-lft-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2}}{b + a}}{1 \cdot b - \color{blue}{a} \cdot 1} \]
      13. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a} - \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{2}}{b + a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot b - a \cdot 1\right)}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a} - \frac{\pi}{b}}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot b}\right)}, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot b}\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\color{blue}{b}, a\right)\right) \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b \cdot a}\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right) \]
      3. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{a}\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\color{blue}{b}, a\right)\right) \]
      4. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{a}\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right) \]
      5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right), a\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\color{blue}{b}, a\right)\right) \]
      6. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right), a\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right) \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{2}}{b}\right), a\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right) \]
      8. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{-1}{2}}{b}\right), a\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right) \]
      9. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2}}{b}\right)\right), a\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right) \]
      10. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2}}{b}\right)\right), a\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right) \]
      11. /-lowering-/.f6486.0%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, b\right)\right), a\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, a\right)\right) \]
    7. Simplified86.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}}{a}}}{b - a} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{\frac{-1}{2}}{b}}{a}}{\color{blue}{b} - a} \]
      2. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{-1}{2}}{b}}{a}}{b - a}} \]
      3. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{-1}{2}}{b}}{a}}{b - a}\right)}\right) \]
      4. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{-1}{2}}{b}}{a}}}{b - a}\right)\right) \]
      5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\frac{-1}{2}}{b}}{a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(b - a\right)}\right)\right) \]
      6. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2}}{a \cdot b}\right), \left(\color{blue}{b} - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2}}{b \cdot a}\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \left(b \cdot a\right)\right), \left(\color{blue}{b} - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      9. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \left(a \cdot b\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      10. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, b\right)\right), \left(b - a\right)\right)\right) \]
      11. --lowering--.f6485.9%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, b\right)\right), \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(b, \color{blue}{a}\right)\right)\right) \]
    9. Applied egg-rr85.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{\frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b}}{b - a}} \]

    if -4.5000000000000001e-77 < a

    1. Initial program 81.3%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in b around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot {b}^{2}}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{{b}^{2}}} \]
      2. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{{b}^{2}}} \]
      3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \color{blue}{\left({b}^{2}\right)}\right) \]
      4. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \left({\color{blue}{b}}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left({\color{blue}{b}}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left({b}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      7. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left({b}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      8. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left(b \cdot \color{blue}{b}\right)\right) \]
      9. *-lowering-*.f6461.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \color{blue}{b}\right)\right) \]
    5. Simplified61.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}}{b \cdot b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{b} \cdot b} \]
      2. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}} \]
      3. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}\right)}\right) \]
      4. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}}{b}\right)\right) \]
      5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \color{blue}{b}\right)\right) \]
      6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), a\right), b\right)\right) \]
      7. PI-lowering-PI.f6470.9%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), b\right)\right) \]
    7. Applied egg-rr70.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b}} \]
      2. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{b}{\frac{1}{2}}}} \]
      3. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}}{\color{blue}{\frac{b}{\frac{1}{2}}}} \]
      4. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{b}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)}\right) \]
      5. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b \cdot a}\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{b}}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
      6. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{a}\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{b}}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right), a\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{b}}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
      8. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), b\right), a\right), \left(\frac{b}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
      9. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right), a\right), \left(\frac{b}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
      10. /-lowering-/.f6470.9%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right), a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(b, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
    9. Applied egg-rr70.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a}}{\frac{b}{0.5}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 75.6% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.6 \cdot 10^{-16}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a}}{\frac{b}{0.5}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 1.6e-16) (* (/ 0.5 a) (/ PI (* a b))) (/ (/ (/ PI b) a) (/ b 0.5))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 1.6e-16) {
		tmp = (0.5 / a) * (((double) M_PI) / (a * b));
	} else {
		tmp = ((((double) M_PI) / b) / a) / (b / 0.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 1.6e-16) {
		tmp = (0.5 / a) * (Math.PI / (a * b));
	} else {
		tmp = ((Math.PI / b) / a) / (b / 0.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= 1.6e-16:
		tmp = (0.5 / a) * (math.pi / (a * b))
	else:
		tmp = ((math.pi / b) / a) / (b / 0.5)
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= 1.6e-16)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 / a) * Float64(pi / Float64(a * b)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / b) / a) / Float64(b / 0.5));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= 1.6e-16)
		tmp = (0.5 / a) * (pi / (a * b));
	else
		tmp = ((pi / b) / a) / (b / 0.5);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[b, 1.6e-16], N[(N[(0.5 / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(Pi / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(Pi / b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b / 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.6 \cdot 10^{-16}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a}}{\frac{b}{0.5}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < 1.60000000000000011e-16

    1. Initial program 81.2%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in b around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2} \cdot b}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2}}}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
      2. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2}}}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
      3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2}}\right), \color{blue}{b}\right) \]
      4. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot a}\right), b\right) \]
      5. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{a}\right), b\right) \]
      6. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{a}\right), b\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), a\right), b\right) \]
      8. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), a\right), b\right) \]
      9. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), a\right), b\right) \]
      10. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), a\right), b\right) \]
      11. PI-lowering-PI.f6466.0%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), a\right), b\right) \]
    5. Simplified66.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}}{a}}{b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
      2. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{b} \cdot a} \]
      3. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b \cdot a}} \]
      4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b \cdot a}\right)}\right) \]
      5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot a\right)}\right)\right) \]
      6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), a\right), \left(\color{blue}{b} \cdot a\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \left(b \cdot a\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \left(a \cdot \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right) \]
      9. *-lowering-*.f6471.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. Applied egg-rr71.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{a \cdot b}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
      2. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}} \]
      3. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
      4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot b}\right)}\right) \]
      5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, a\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{a \cdot b}\right)\right) \]
      6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right)}\right)\right) \]
      7. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \left(\color{blue}{a} \cdot b\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. *-lowering-*.f6471.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right) \]
    9. Applied egg-rr71.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}} \]

    if 1.60000000000000011e-16 < b

    1. Initial program 78.7%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in b around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot {b}^{2}}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{{b}^{2}}} \]
      2. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{{b}^{2}}} \]
      3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \color{blue}{\left({b}^{2}\right)}\right) \]
      4. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \left({\color{blue}{b}}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left({\color{blue}{b}}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left({b}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      7. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left({b}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      8. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left(b \cdot \color{blue}{b}\right)\right) \]
      9. *-lowering-*.f6480.9%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \color{blue}{b}\right)\right) \]
    5. Simplified80.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}}{b \cdot b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{b} \cdot b} \]
      2. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}} \]
      3. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}\right)}\right) \]
      4. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}}{b}\right)\right) \]
      5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \color{blue}{b}\right)\right) \]
      6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), a\right), b\right)\right) \]
      7. PI-lowering-PI.f6494.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), b\right)\right) \]
    7. Applied egg-rr94.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b}} \]
      2. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{b}{\frac{1}{2}}}} \]
      3. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}}{\color{blue}{\frac{b}{\frac{1}{2}}}} \]
      4. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{b}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)}\right) \]
      5. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b \cdot a}\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{b}}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
      6. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}}{a}\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{b}}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{b}\right), a\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{b}}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
      8. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), b\right), a\right), \left(\frac{b}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
      9. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right), a\right), \left(\frac{b}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
      10. /-lowering-/.f6494.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), b\right), a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(b, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
    9. Applied egg-rr94.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b}}{a}}{\frac{b}{0.5}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 75.5% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.22 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 1.22e-17)
   (* (/ 0.5 a) (/ PI (* a b)))
   (* (/ 0.5 b) (/ (/ PI a) b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 1.22e-17) {
		tmp = (0.5 / a) * (((double) M_PI) / (a * b));
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 / b) * ((((double) M_PI) / a) / b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 1.22e-17) {
		tmp = (0.5 / a) * (Math.PI / (a * b));
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 / b) * ((Math.PI / a) / b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= 1.22e-17:
		tmp = (0.5 / a) * (math.pi / (a * b))
	else:
		tmp = (0.5 / b) * ((math.pi / a) / b)
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= 1.22e-17)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 / a) * Float64(pi / Float64(a * b)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 / b) * Float64(Float64(pi / a) / b));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= 1.22e-17)
		tmp = (0.5 / a) * (pi / (a * b));
	else
		tmp = (0.5 / b) * ((pi / a) / b);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[b, 1.22e-17], N[(N[(0.5 / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(Pi / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(Pi / a), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.22 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < 1.22e-17

    1. Initial program 81.2%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in b around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2} \cdot b}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2}}}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
      2. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2}}}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
      3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2}}\right), \color{blue}{b}\right) \]
      4. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot a}\right), b\right) \]
      5. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{a}\right), b\right) \]
      6. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{a}\right), b\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), a\right), b\right) \]
      8. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), a\right), b\right) \]
      9. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), a\right), b\right) \]
      10. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), a\right), b\right) \]
      11. PI-lowering-PI.f6466.0%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), a\right), b\right) \]
    5. Simplified66.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}}{a}}{b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
      2. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{b} \cdot a} \]
      3. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b \cdot a}} \]
      4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b \cdot a}\right)}\right) \]
      5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot a\right)}\right)\right) \]
      6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), a\right), \left(\color{blue}{b} \cdot a\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \left(b \cdot a\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \left(a \cdot \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right) \]
      9. *-lowering-*.f6471.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. Applied egg-rr71.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{a \cdot b}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
      2. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}} \]
      3. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
      4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot b}\right)}\right) \]
      5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, a\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{a \cdot b}\right)\right) \]
      6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right)}\right)\right) \]
      7. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \left(\color{blue}{a} \cdot b\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. *-lowering-*.f6471.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right) \]
    9. Applied egg-rr71.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}} \]

    if 1.22e-17 < b

    1. Initial program 78.7%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in b around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot {b}^{2}}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{{b}^{2}}} \]
      2. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{{b}^{2}}} \]
      3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \color{blue}{\left({b}^{2}\right)}\right) \]
      4. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \left({\color{blue}{b}}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left({\color{blue}{b}}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left({b}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      7. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left({b}^{2}\right)\right) \]
      8. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \left(b \cdot \color{blue}{b}\right)\right) \]
      9. *-lowering-*.f6480.9%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(b, \color{blue}{b}\right)\right) \]
    5. Simplified80.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}}{b \cdot b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{b} \cdot b} \]
      2. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}} \]
      3. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{b}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}\right)}\right) \]
      4. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}}{b}\right)\right) \]
      5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \color{blue}{b}\right)\right) \]
      6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), a\right), b\right)\right) \]
      7. PI-lowering-PI.f6494.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, b\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), b\right)\right) \]
    7. Applied egg-rr94.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 62.5% accurate, 2.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* (/ 0.5 a) (/ PI (* a b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 / a) * (((double) M_PI) / (a * b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 / a) * (Math.PI / (a * b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return (0.5 / a) * (math.pi / (a * b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(0.5 / a) * Float64(pi / Float64(a * b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (0.5 / a) * (pi / (a * b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(0.5 / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(Pi / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 80.4%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in b around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2} \cdot b}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2}}}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
    2. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2}}}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
    3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2}}\right), \color{blue}{b}\right) \]
    4. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot a}\right), b\right) \]
    5. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{a}\right), b\right) \]
    6. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{a}\right), b\right) \]
    7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), a\right), b\right) \]
    8. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), a\right), b\right) \]
    9. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), a\right), b\right) \]
    10. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), a\right), b\right) \]
    11. PI-lowering-PI.f6456.6%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), a\right), b\right) \]
  5. Simplified56.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}}{a}}{b}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{b} \cdot a} \]
    3. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b \cdot a}} \]
    4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b \cdot a}\right)}\right) \]
    5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot a\right)}\right)\right) \]
    6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), a\right), \left(\color{blue}{b} \cdot a\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \left(b \cdot a\right)\right)\right) \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \left(a \cdot \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right) \]
    9. *-lowering-*.f6460.6%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right) \]
  7. Applied egg-rr60.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{a \cdot b}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
    2. times-fracN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b}} \]
    3. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
    4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot b}\right)}\right) \]
    5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, a\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{a \cdot b}\right)\right) \]
    6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right)}\right)\right) \]
    7. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \left(\color{blue}{a} \cdot b\right)\right)\right) \]
    8. *-lowering-*.f6460.6%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, a\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right) \]
  9. Applied egg-rr60.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}} \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 62.5% accurate, 2.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{a \cdot b} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* 0.5 (/ (/ PI a) (* a b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return 0.5 * ((((double) M_PI) / a) / (a * b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return 0.5 * ((Math.PI / a) / (a * b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return 0.5 * ((math.pi / a) / (a * b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(0.5 * Float64(Float64(pi / a) / Float64(a * b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.5 * ((pi / a) / (a * b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(0.5 * N[(N[(Pi / a), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{a \cdot b}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 80.4%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in b around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2} \cdot b}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2}}}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
    2. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2}}}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
    3. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{{a}^{2}}\right), \color{blue}{b}\right) \]
    4. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a \cdot a}\right), b\right) \]
    5. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{a}\right), b\right) \]
    6. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{a}\right), b\right) \]
    7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), a\right), b\right) \]
    8. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), a\right), b\right) \]
    9. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), a\right), b\right) \]
    10. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), a\right), a\right), b\right) \]
    11. PI-lowering-PI.f6456.6%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right)\right), a\right), a\right), b\right) \]
  5. Simplified56.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}}{a}}{b}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{\color{blue}{b} \cdot a} \]
    3. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b \cdot a}} \]
    4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}}{b \cdot a}\right)}\right) \]
    5. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{a}\right), \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot a\right)}\right)\right) \]
    6. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), a\right), \left(\color{blue}{b} \cdot a\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. PI-lowering-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \left(b \cdot a\right)\right)\right) \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \left(a \cdot \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right) \]
    9. *-lowering-*.f6460.6%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{PI.f64}\left(\right), a\right), \mathsf{*.f64}\left(a, \color{blue}{b}\right)\right)\right) \]
  7. Applied egg-rr60.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{a \cdot b}} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024192 
(FPCore (a b)
  :name "NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B"
  :precision binary64
  (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))