
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 2.0 (atan (sqrt (/ (- 1.0 x) (+ 1.0 x))))))
double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * atan(sqrt(((1.0 - x) / (1.0 + x))));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 2.0d0 * atan(sqrt(((1.0d0 - x) / (1.0d0 + x))))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * Math.atan(Math.sqrt(((1.0 - x) / (1.0 + x))));
}
def code(x): return 2.0 * math.atan(math.sqrt(((1.0 - x) / (1.0 + x))))
function code(x) return Float64(2.0 * atan(sqrt(Float64(Float64(1.0 - x) / Float64(1.0 + x))))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 2.0 * atan(sqrt(((1.0 - x) / (1.0 + x)))); end
code[x_] := N[(2.0 * N[ArcTan[N[Sqrt[N[(N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 + x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
2 \cdot \tan^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1 - x}{1 + x}}\right)
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 8 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 2.0 (atan (sqrt (/ (- 1.0 x) (+ 1.0 x))))))
double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * atan(sqrt(((1.0 - x) / (1.0 + x))));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 2.0d0 * atan(sqrt(((1.0d0 - x) / (1.0d0 + x))))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * Math.atan(Math.sqrt(((1.0 - x) / (1.0 + x))));
}
def code(x): return 2.0 * math.atan(math.sqrt(((1.0 - x) / (1.0 + x))))
function code(x) return Float64(2.0 * atan(sqrt(Float64(Float64(1.0 - x) / Float64(1.0 + x))))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 2.0 * atan(sqrt(((1.0 - x) / (1.0 + x)))); end
code[x_] := N[(2.0 * N[ArcTan[N[Sqrt[N[(N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 + x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
2 \cdot \tan^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1 - x}{1 + x}}\right)
\end{array}
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 2.0 (atan (sqrt (/ (- 1.0 x) (+ 1.0 x))))))
double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * atan(sqrt(((1.0 - x) / (1.0 + x))));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 2.0d0 * atan(sqrt(((1.0d0 - x) / (1.0d0 + x))))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * Math.atan(Math.sqrt(((1.0 - x) / (1.0 + x))));
}
def code(x): return 2.0 * math.atan(math.sqrt(((1.0 - x) / (1.0 + x))))
function code(x) return Float64(2.0 * atan(sqrt(Float64(Float64(1.0 - x) / Float64(1.0 + x))))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 2.0 * atan(sqrt(((1.0 - x) / (1.0 + x)))); end
code[x_] := N[(2.0 * N[ArcTan[N[Sqrt[N[(N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 + x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
2 \cdot \tan^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1 - x}{1 + x}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
(FPCore (x)
:precision binary64
(*
2.0
(atan
(/
(+
(* (- 1.0 x) (- 1.0 x))
(* (* x x) (* (- 1.0 x) (* x (* 0.25 (* x x))))))
(+ (- 1.0 x) (* 0.5 (* x (* x (+ x -1.0)))))))))
double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * atan(((((1.0 - x) * (1.0 - x)) + ((x * x) * ((1.0 - x) * (x * (0.25 * (x * x)))))) / ((1.0 - x) + (0.5 * (x * (x * (x + -1.0)))))));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 2.0d0 * atan(((((1.0d0 - x) * (1.0d0 - x)) + ((x * x) * ((1.0d0 - x) * (x * (0.25d0 * (x * x)))))) / ((1.0d0 - x) + (0.5d0 * (x * (x * (x + (-1.0d0))))))))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * Math.atan(((((1.0 - x) * (1.0 - x)) + ((x * x) * ((1.0 - x) * (x * (0.25 * (x * x)))))) / ((1.0 - x) + (0.5 * (x * (x * (x + -1.0)))))));
}
def code(x): return 2.0 * math.atan(((((1.0 - x) * (1.0 - x)) + ((x * x) * ((1.0 - x) * (x * (0.25 * (x * x)))))) / ((1.0 - x) + (0.5 * (x * (x * (x + -1.0)))))))
function code(x) return Float64(2.0 * atan(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 - x) * Float64(1.0 - x)) + Float64(Float64(x * x) * Float64(Float64(1.0 - x) * Float64(x * Float64(0.25 * Float64(x * x)))))) / Float64(Float64(1.0 - x) + Float64(0.5 * Float64(x * Float64(x * Float64(x + -1.0)))))))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 2.0 * atan(((((1.0 - x) * (1.0 - x)) + ((x * x) * ((1.0 - x) * (x * (0.25 * (x * x)))))) / ((1.0 - x) + (0.5 * (x * (x * (x + -1.0))))))); end
code[x_] := N[(2.0 * N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[(N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x * N[(0.25 * N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision] + N[(0.5 * N[(x * N[(x * N[(x + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
2 \cdot \tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(1 - x\right) \cdot \left(1 - x\right) + \left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(0.25 \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\left(1 - x\right) + 0.5 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x + -1\right)\right)\right)}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0
+-lowering-+.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
metadata-evalN/A
+-commutativeN/A
+-lowering-+.f64N/A
distribute-lft-inN/A
*-commutativeN/A
*-commutativeN/A
associate-*l*N/A
metadata-evalN/A
unpow2N/A
distribute-lft-neg-inN/A
unpow2N/A
associate-*l*N/A
distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A
mul-1-negN/A
*-commutativeN/A
distribute-rgt1-inN/A
+-commutativeN/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
mul-1-negN/A
sub-negN/A
--lowering--.f64N/A
*-commutativeN/A
*-lowering-*.f6499.5%
Simplified99.5%
distribute-rgt-inN/A
associate-+r+N/A
neg-mul-1N/A
sub-negN/A
*-commutativeN/A
flip-+N/A
/-lowering-/.f64N/A
Applied egg-rr99.5%
Taylor expanded in x around inf
unpow2N/A
associate-*r*N/A
*-commutativeN/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
mul-1-negN/A
neg-sub0N/A
--lowering--.f6499.5%
Simplified99.5%
Final simplification99.5%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 2.0 (atan (/ (+ 1.0 (* x (+ x -2.0))) (* (- 1.0 x) (+ 1.0 (* (* x x) -0.5)))))))
double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * atan(((1.0 + (x * (x + -2.0))) / ((1.0 - x) * (1.0 + ((x * x) * -0.5)))));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 2.0d0 * atan(((1.0d0 + (x * (x + (-2.0d0)))) / ((1.0d0 - x) * (1.0d0 + ((x * x) * (-0.5d0))))))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * Math.atan(((1.0 + (x * (x + -2.0))) / ((1.0 - x) * (1.0 + ((x * x) * -0.5)))));
}
def code(x): return 2.0 * math.atan(((1.0 + (x * (x + -2.0))) / ((1.0 - x) * (1.0 + ((x * x) * -0.5)))))
function code(x) return Float64(2.0 * atan(Float64(Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(x + -2.0))) / Float64(Float64(1.0 - x) * Float64(1.0 + Float64(Float64(x * x) * -0.5)))))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 2.0 * atan(((1.0 + (x * (x + -2.0))) / ((1.0 - x) * (1.0 + ((x * x) * -0.5))))); end
code[x_] := N[(2.0 * N[ArcTan[N[(N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(x + -2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 + N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
2 \cdot \tan^{-1} \left(\frac{1 + x \cdot \left(x + -2\right)}{\left(1 - x\right) \cdot \left(1 + \left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot -0.5\right)}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0
+-lowering-+.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
metadata-evalN/A
+-commutativeN/A
+-lowering-+.f64N/A
distribute-lft-inN/A
*-commutativeN/A
*-commutativeN/A
associate-*l*N/A
metadata-evalN/A
unpow2N/A
distribute-lft-neg-inN/A
unpow2N/A
associate-*l*N/A
distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A
mul-1-negN/A
*-commutativeN/A
distribute-rgt1-inN/A
+-commutativeN/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
mul-1-negN/A
sub-negN/A
--lowering--.f64N/A
*-commutativeN/A
*-lowering-*.f6499.5%
Simplified99.5%
distribute-rgt-inN/A
associate-+r+N/A
neg-mul-1N/A
sub-negN/A
*-commutativeN/A
flip-+N/A
/-lowering-/.f64N/A
Applied egg-rr99.5%
Taylor expanded in x around 0
+-lowering-+.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
metadata-evalN/A
+-lowering-+.f6499.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in x around 0
+-commutativeN/A
sub-negN/A
metadata-evalN/A
distribute-rgt-inN/A
associate-+l+N/A
+-commutativeN/A
Simplified99.5%
Final simplification99.5%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 2.0 (atan (* (- 1.0 x) (+ 1.0 (* x (* x 0.5)))))))
double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * atan(((1.0 - x) * (1.0 + (x * (x * 0.5)))));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 2.0d0 * atan(((1.0d0 - x) * (1.0d0 + (x * (x * 0.5d0)))))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * Math.atan(((1.0 - x) * (1.0 + (x * (x * 0.5)))));
}
def code(x): return 2.0 * math.atan(((1.0 - x) * (1.0 + (x * (x * 0.5)))))
function code(x) return Float64(2.0 * atan(Float64(Float64(1.0 - x) * Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(x * 0.5)))))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 2.0 * atan(((1.0 - x) * (1.0 + (x * (x * 0.5))))); end
code[x_] := N[(2.0 * N[ArcTan[N[(N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(x * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
2 \cdot \tan^{-1} \left(\left(1 - x\right) \cdot \left(1 + x \cdot \left(x \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0
+-lowering-+.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
metadata-evalN/A
+-commutativeN/A
+-lowering-+.f64N/A
distribute-lft-inN/A
*-commutativeN/A
*-commutativeN/A
associate-*l*N/A
metadata-evalN/A
unpow2N/A
distribute-lft-neg-inN/A
unpow2N/A
associate-*l*N/A
distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A
mul-1-negN/A
*-commutativeN/A
distribute-rgt1-inN/A
+-commutativeN/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
mul-1-negN/A
sub-negN/A
--lowering--.f64N/A
*-commutativeN/A
*-lowering-*.f6499.5%
Simplified99.5%
*-commutativeN/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
atan-lowering-atan.f64N/A
distribute-rgt-inN/A
associate-+r+N/A
neg-mul-1N/A
sub-negN/A
*-commutativeN/A
*-commutativeN/A
associate-*r*N/A
distribute-rgt1-inN/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
+-lowering-+.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
--lowering--.f6499.5%
Applied egg-rr99.5%
Final simplification99.5%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 2.0 (atan (+ 1.0 (* x (+ (* x 0.5) -1.0))))))
double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * atan((1.0 + (x * ((x * 0.5) + -1.0))));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 2.0d0 * atan((1.0d0 + (x * ((x * 0.5d0) + (-1.0d0)))))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * Math.atan((1.0 + (x * ((x * 0.5) + -1.0))));
}
def code(x): return 2.0 * math.atan((1.0 + (x * ((x * 0.5) + -1.0))))
function code(x) return Float64(2.0 * atan(Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(Float64(x * 0.5) + -1.0))))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 2.0 * atan((1.0 + (x * ((x * 0.5) + -1.0)))); end
code[x_] := N[(2.0 * N[ArcTan[N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(N[(x * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
2 \cdot \tan^{-1} \left(1 + x \cdot \left(x \cdot 0.5 + -1\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0
+-lowering-+.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
metadata-evalN/A
+-commutativeN/A
+-lowering-+.f64N/A
*-commutativeN/A
*-lowering-*.f6499.4%
Simplified99.4%
Final simplification99.4%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 2.0 (atan (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 x)))))
double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * atan((1.0 / (1.0 + x)));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 2.0d0 * atan((1.0d0 / (1.0d0 + x)))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * Math.atan((1.0 / (1.0 + x)));
}
def code(x): return 2.0 * math.atan((1.0 / (1.0 + x)))
function code(x) return Float64(2.0 * atan(Float64(1.0 / Float64(1.0 + x)))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 2.0 * atan((1.0 / (1.0 + x))); end
code[x_] := N[(2.0 * N[ArcTan[N[(1.0 / N[(1.0 + x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
2 \cdot \tan^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{1 + x}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0
mul-1-negN/A
sub-negN/A
--lowering--.f6499.0%
Simplified99.0%
flip--N/A
/-lowering-/.f64N/A
metadata-evalN/A
--lowering--.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
+-lowering-+.f6499.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0
Simplified99.0%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 2.0 (atan (- 1.0 x))))
double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * atan((1.0 - x));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 2.0d0 * atan((1.0d0 - x))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * Math.atan((1.0 - x));
}
def code(x): return 2.0 * math.atan((1.0 - x))
function code(x) return Float64(2.0 * atan(Float64(1.0 - x))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 2.0 * atan((1.0 - x)); end
code[x_] := N[(2.0 * N[ArcTan[N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
2 \cdot \tan^{-1} \left(1 - x\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0
mul-1-negN/A
sub-negN/A
--lowering--.f6499.0%
Simplified99.0%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 2.0 (atan 1.0)))
double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * atan(1.0);
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 2.0d0 * atan(1.0d0)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 2.0 * Math.atan(1.0);
}
def code(x): return 2.0 * math.atan(1.0)
function code(x) return Float64(2.0 * atan(1.0)) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 2.0 * atan(1.0); end
code[x_] := N[(2.0 * N[ArcTan[1.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
2 \cdot \tan^{-1} 1
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
Applied egg-rr97.5%
Final simplification97.5%
herbie shell --seed 2024191
(FPCore (x)
:name "arccos"
:precision binary64
(* 2.0 (atan (sqrt (/ (- 1.0 x) (+ 1.0 x))))))