
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (+ (- (* 9.0 (pow x 4.0)) (pow y 4.0)) (* 2.0 (* y y))))
double code(double x, double y) {
return ((9.0 * pow(x, 4.0)) - pow(y, 4.0)) + (2.0 * (y * y));
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = ((9.0d0 * (x ** 4.0d0)) - (y ** 4.0d0)) + (2.0d0 * (y * y))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return ((9.0 * Math.pow(x, 4.0)) - Math.pow(y, 4.0)) + (2.0 * (y * y));
}
def code(x, y): return ((9.0 * math.pow(x, 4.0)) - math.pow(y, 4.0)) + (2.0 * (y * y))
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(Float64(9.0 * (x ^ 4.0)) - (y ^ 4.0)) + Float64(2.0 * Float64(y * y))) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = ((9.0 * (x ^ 4.0)) - (y ^ 4.0)) + (2.0 * (y * y)); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(N[(9.0 * N[Power[x, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[y, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(2.0 * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(9 \cdot {x}^{4} - {y}^{4}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 5 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (+ (- (* 9.0 (pow x 4.0)) (pow y 4.0)) (* 2.0 (* y y))))
double code(double x, double y) {
return ((9.0 * pow(x, 4.0)) - pow(y, 4.0)) + (2.0 * (y * y));
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = ((9.0d0 * (x ** 4.0d0)) - (y ** 4.0d0)) + (2.0d0 * (y * y))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return ((9.0 * Math.pow(x, 4.0)) - Math.pow(y, 4.0)) + (2.0 * (y * y));
}
def code(x, y): return ((9.0 * math.pow(x, 4.0)) - math.pow(y, 4.0)) + (2.0 * (y * y))
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(Float64(9.0 * (x ^ 4.0)) - (y ^ 4.0)) + Float64(2.0 * Float64(y * y))) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = ((9.0 * (x ^ 4.0)) - (y ^ 4.0)) + (2.0 * (y * y)); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(N[(9.0 * N[Power[x, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[y, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(2.0 * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(9 \cdot {x}^{4} - {y}^{4}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)
\end{array}
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (fma (- 2.0 (* y y)) (* y y) (* (* x x) (* (* x x) 9.0))))
double code(double x, double y) {
return fma((2.0 - (y * y)), (y * y), ((x * x) * ((x * x) * 9.0)));
}
function code(x, y) return fma(Float64(2.0 - Float64(y * y)), Float64(y * y), Float64(Float64(x * x) * Float64(Float64(x * x) * 9.0))) end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(2.0 - N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] * 9.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(2 - y \cdot y, y \cdot y, \left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot 9\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 18.8%
associate-+l-N/A
--lowering--.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
sqr-powN/A
metadata-evalN/A
unpow2N/A
associate-*l*N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
metadata-evalN/A
unpow2N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
metadata-evalN/A
pow-powN/A
pow2N/A
pow2N/A
distribute-rgt-out--N/A
associate-*l*N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
+-lowering-+.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
metadata-eval3.1%
Applied egg-rr3.1%
sub-negN/A
associate-*r*N/A
distribute-rgt-neg-outN/A
+-commutativeN/A
*-commutativeN/A
accelerator-lowering-fma.f64N/A
+-commutativeN/A
distribute-neg-inN/A
metadata-evalN/A
sub-negN/A
--lowering--.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
*-commutativeN/A
associate-*r*N/A
associate-*l*N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
(FPCore (x y)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (* y (* y y))) (t_1 (* y t_0)) (t_2 (* (* x x) (* (* x x) 9.0))))
(/
(+ (* (* y y) (* (* y y) 4.0)) (* (- t_2 t_1) (- t_1 t_2)))
(+
(* 2.0 (* y y))
(/
(+
(* (* (* x x) (* (* x x) (* x (* x (* x x))))) -81.0)
(* t_0 (* y t_1)))
t_1)))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = y * (y * y);
double t_1 = y * t_0;
double t_2 = (x * x) * ((x * x) * 9.0);
return (((y * y) * ((y * y) * 4.0)) + ((t_2 - t_1) * (t_1 - t_2))) / ((2.0 * (y * y)) + (((((x * x) * ((x * x) * (x * (x * (x * x))))) * -81.0) + (t_0 * (y * t_1))) / t_1));
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: t_0
real(8) :: t_1
real(8) :: t_2
t_0 = y * (y * y)
t_1 = y * t_0
t_2 = (x * x) * ((x * x) * 9.0d0)
code = (((y * y) * ((y * y) * 4.0d0)) + ((t_2 - t_1) * (t_1 - t_2))) / ((2.0d0 * (y * y)) + (((((x * x) * ((x * x) * (x * (x * (x * x))))) * (-81.0d0)) + (t_0 * (y * t_1))) / t_1))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = y * (y * y);
double t_1 = y * t_0;
double t_2 = (x * x) * ((x * x) * 9.0);
return (((y * y) * ((y * y) * 4.0)) + ((t_2 - t_1) * (t_1 - t_2))) / ((2.0 * (y * y)) + (((((x * x) * ((x * x) * (x * (x * (x * x))))) * -81.0) + (t_0 * (y * t_1))) / t_1));
}
def code(x, y): t_0 = y * (y * y) t_1 = y * t_0 t_2 = (x * x) * ((x * x) * 9.0) return (((y * y) * ((y * y) * 4.0)) + ((t_2 - t_1) * (t_1 - t_2))) / ((2.0 * (y * y)) + (((((x * x) * ((x * x) * (x * (x * (x * x))))) * -81.0) + (t_0 * (y * t_1))) / t_1))
function code(x, y) t_0 = Float64(y * Float64(y * y)) t_1 = Float64(y * t_0) t_2 = Float64(Float64(x * x) * Float64(Float64(x * x) * 9.0)) return Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(y * y) * Float64(Float64(y * y) * 4.0)) + Float64(Float64(t_2 - t_1) * Float64(t_1 - t_2))) / Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64(y * y)) + Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(x * x) * Float64(Float64(x * x) * Float64(x * Float64(x * Float64(x * x))))) * -81.0) + Float64(t_0 * Float64(y * t_1))) / t_1))) end
function tmp = code(x, y) t_0 = y * (y * y); t_1 = y * t_0; t_2 = (x * x) * ((x * x) * 9.0); tmp = (((y * y) * ((y * y) * 4.0)) + ((t_2 - t_1) * (t_1 - t_2))) / ((2.0 * (y * y)) + (((((x * x) * ((x * x) * (x * (x * (x * x))))) * -81.0) + (t_0 * (y * t_1))) / t_1)); end
code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(y * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(y * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] * 9.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(N[(N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] * 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(t$95$2 - t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] * N[(t$95$1 - t$95$2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(2.0 * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x * N[(x * N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * -81.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[(t$95$0 * N[(y * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := y \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)\\
t_1 := y \cdot t\_0\\
t_2 := \left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot 9\right)\\
\frac{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot 4\right) + \left(t\_2 - t\_1\right) \cdot \left(t\_1 - t\_2\right)}{2 \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) + \frac{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot -81 + t\_0 \cdot \left(y \cdot t\_1\right)}{t\_1}}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 18.8%
associate-+l-N/A
--lowering--.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
sqr-powN/A
metadata-evalN/A
unpow2N/A
associate-*l*N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
metadata-evalN/A
unpow2N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
metadata-evalN/A
pow-powN/A
pow2N/A
pow2N/A
distribute-rgt-out--N/A
associate-*l*N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
+-lowering-+.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
metadata-eval3.1%
Applied egg-rr3.1%
distribute-lft-inN/A
distribute-lft-inN/A
associate-*l*N/A
associate--l-N/A
sub-negN/A
+-commutativeN/A
flip-+N/A
/-lowering-/.f64N/A
Applied egg-rr18.8%
Applied egg-rr18.8%
Taylor expanded in y around inf
mul-1-negN/A
neg-sub0N/A
--lowering--.f64N/A
metadata-evalN/A
pow-sqrN/A
unpow2N/A
associate-*l*N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
*-lowering-*.f6421.2%
Simplified21.2%
Final simplification21.2%
(FPCore (x y)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (* y (* y (* y y))))
(t_1 (* (* x x) (* (* x x) 9.0)))
(t_2 (- t_0 t_1)))
(/
(+ (* (* y y) (* (* y y) 4.0)) (* (- t_1 t_0) t_2))
(+ (* 2.0 (* y y)) t_2))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = y * (y * (y * y));
double t_1 = (x * x) * ((x * x) * 9.0);
double t_2 = t_0 - t_1;
return (((y * y) * ((y * y) * 4.0)) + ((t_1 - t_0) * t_2)) / ((2.0 * (y * y)) + t_2);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: t_0
real(8) :: t_1
real(8) :: t_2
t_0 = y * (y * (y * y))
t_1 = (x * x) * ((x * x) * 9.0d0)
t_2 = t_0 - t_1
code = (((y * y) * ((y * y) * 4.0d0)) + ((t_1 - t_0) * t_2)) / ((2.0d0 * (y * y)) + t_2)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = y * (y * (y * y));
double t_1 = (x * x) * ((x * x) * 9.0);
double t_2 = t_0 - t_1;
return (((y * y) * ((y * y) * 4.0)) + ((t_1 - t_0) * t_2)) / ((2.0 * (y * y)) + t_2);
}
def code(x, y): t_0 = y * (y * (y * y)) t_1 = (x * x) * ((x * x) * 9.0) t_2 = t_0 - t_1 return (((y * y) * ((y * y) * 4.0)) + ((t_1 - t_0) * t_2)) / ((2.0 * (y * y)) + t_2)
function code(x, y) t_0 = Float64(y * Float64(y * Float64(y * y))) t_1 = Float64(Float64(x * x) * Float64(Float64(x * x) * 9.0)) t_2 = Float64(t_0 - t_1) return Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(y * y) * Float64(Float64(y * y) * 4.0)) + Float64(Float64(t_1 - t_0) * t_2)) / Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64(y * y)) + t_2)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) t_0 = y * (y * (y * y)); t_1 = (x * x) * ((x * x) * 9.0); t_2 = t_0 - t_1; tmp = (((y * y) * ((y * y) * 4.0)) + ((t_1 - t_0) * t_2)) / ((2.0 * (y * y)) + t_2); end
code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(y * N[(y * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] * 9.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(t$95$0 - t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(N[(N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] * 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(t$95$1 - t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(2.0 * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := y \cdot \left(y \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)\right)\\
t_1 := \left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot 9\right)\\
t_2 := t\_0 - t\_1\\
\frac{\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot 4\right) + \left(t\_1 - t\_0\right) \cdot t\_2}{2 \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) + t\_2}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 18.8%
associate-+l-N/A
--lowering--.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
sqr-powN/A
metadata-evalN/A
unpow2N/A
associate-*l*N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
metadata-evalN/A
unpow2N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
metadata-evalN/A
pow-powN/A
pow2N/A
pow2N/A
distribute-rgt-out--N/A
associate-*l*N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
sub-negN/A
+-lowering-+.f64N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
metadata-eval3.1%
Applied egg-rr3.1%
distribute-lft-inN/A
distribute-lft-inN/A
associate-*l*N/A
associate--l-N/A
sub-negN/A
+-commutativeN/A
flip-+N/A
/-lowering-/.f64N/A
Applied egg-rr18.8%
Final simplification18.8%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (- (- (* 9.0 (* x (* x (* x x)))) (* y (* y (* y y)))) (* (* y y) -2.0)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return ((9.0 * (x * (x * (x * x)))) - (y * (y * (y * y)))) - ((y * y) * -2.0);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = ((9.0d0 * (x * (x * (x * x)))) - (y * (y * (y * y)))) - ((y * y) * (-2.0d0))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return ((9.0 * (x * (x * (x * x)))) - (y * (y * (y * y)))) - ((y * y) * -2.0);
}
def code(x, y): return ((9.0 * (x * (x * (x * x)))) - (y * (y * (y * y)))) - ((y * y) * -2.0)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(Float64(9.0 * Float64(x * Float64(x * Float64(x * x)))) - Float64(y * Float64(y * Float64(y * y)))) - Float64(Float64(y * y) * -2.0)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = ((9.0 * (x * (x * (x * x)))) - (y * (y * (y * y)))) - ((y * y) * -2.0); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(N[(9.0 * N[(x * N[(x * N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(y * N[(y * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] * -2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(9 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\right) - y \cdot \left(y \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)\right)\right) - \left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot -2
\end{array}
Initial program 18.8%
associate-+l-N/A
sub-negN/A
associate--r+N/A
--lowering--.f64N/A
Applied egg-rr18.8%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (* 2.0 (* y y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return 2.0 * (y * y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = 2.0d0 * (y * y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return 2.0 * (y * y);
}
def code(x, y): return 2.0 * (y * y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(2.0 * Float64(y * y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = 2.0 * (y * y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(2.0 * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
2 \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 18.8%
Taylor expanded in x around 0
metadata-evalN/A
pow-sqrN/A
distribute-rgt-out--N/A
unsub-negN/A
mul-1-negN/A
metadata-evalN/A
lft-mult-inverseN/A
associate-*l*N/A
distribute-rgt-inN/A
metadata-evalN/A
sub-negN/A
*-commutativeN/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
*-lowering-*.f64N/A
*-commutativeN/A
sub-negN/A
metadata-evalN/A
distribute-rgt-inN/A
Simplified1.5%
Taylor expanded in y around 0
Simplified11.1%
Final simplification11.1%
herbie shell --seed 2024191
(FPCore (x y)
:name "From Rump in a 1983 paper"
:precision binary64
:pre (and (== x 10864.0) (== y 18817.0))
(+ (- (* 9.0 (pow x 4.0)) (pow y 4.0)) (* 2.0 (* y y))))