Numeric.SpecFunctions:invIncompleteGamma from math-functions-0.1.5.2, C

Percentage Accurate: 100.0% → 100.0%
Time: 6.5s
Alternatives: 4
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{2.30753 + x \cdot 0.27061}{1 + x \cdot \left(0.99229 + x \cdot 0.04481\right)} - x \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (- (/ (+ 2.30753 (* x 0.27061)) (+ 1.0 (* x (+ 0.99229 (* x 0.04481))))) x))
double code(double x) {
	return ((2.30753 + (x * 0.27061)) / (1.0 + (x * (0.99229 + (x * 0.04481))))) - x;
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = ((2.30753d0 + (x * 0.27061d0)) / (1.0d0 + (x * (0.99229d0 + (x * 0.04481d0))))) - x
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return ((2.30753 + (x * 0.27061)) / (1.0 + (x * (0.99229 + (x * 0.04481))))) - x;
}
def code(x):
	return ((2.30753 + (x * 0.27061)) / (1.0 + (x * (0.99229 + (x * 0.04481))))) - x
function code(x)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(2.30753 + Float64(x * 0.27061)) / Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(0.99229 + Float64(x * 0.04481))))) - x)
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = ((2.30753 + (x * 0.27061)) / (1.0 + (x * (0.99229 + (x * 0.04481))))) - x;
end
code[x_] := N[(N[(N[(2.30753 + N[(x * 0.27061), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(0.99229 + N[(x * 0.04481), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - x), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{2.30753 + x \cdot 0.27061}{1 + x \cdot \left(0.99229 + x \cdot 0.04481\right)} - x
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 4 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 100.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{2.30753 + x \cdot 0.27061}{1 + x \cdot \left(0.99229 + x \cdot 0.04481\right)} - x \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (- (/ (+ 2.30753 (* x 0.27061)) (+ 1.0 (* x (+ 0.99229 (* x 0.04481))))) x))
double code(double x) {
	return ((2.30753 + (x * 0.27061)) / (1.0 + (x * (0.99229 + (x * 0.04481))))) - x;
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = ((2.30753d0 + (x * 0.27061d0)) / (1.0d0 + (x * (0.99229d0 + (x * 0.04481d0))))) - x
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return ((2.30753 + (x * 0.27061)) / (1.0 + (x * (0.99229 + (x * 0.04481))))) - x;
}
def code(x):
	return ((2.30753 + (x * 0.27061)) / (1.0 + (x * (0.99229 + (x * 0.04481))))) - x
function code(x)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(2.30753 + Float64(x * 0.27061)) / Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(0.99229 + Float64(x * 0.04481))))) - x)
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = ((2.30753 + (x * 0.27061)) / (1.0 + (x * (0.99229 + (x * 0.04481))))) - x;
end
code[x_] := N[(N[(N[(2.30753 + N[(x * 0.27061), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(0.99229 + N[(x * 0.04481), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - x), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{2.30753 + x \cdot 0.27061}{1 + x \cdot \left(0.99229 + x \cdot 0.04481\right)} - x
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 100.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{2.30753 + x \cdot 0.27061}{1 + x \cdot \left(0.99229 + x \cdot 0.04481\right)} - x \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (- (/ (+ 2.30753 (* x 0.27061)) (+ 1.0 (* x (+ 0.99229 (* x 0.04481))))) x))
double code(double x) {
	return ((2.30753 + (x * 0.27061)) / (1.0 + (x * (0.99229 + (x * 0.04481))))) - x;
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = ((2.30753d0 + (x * 0.27061d0)) / (1.0d0 + (x * (0.99229d0 + (x * 0.04481d0))))) - x
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return ((2.30753 + (x * 0.27061)) / (1.0 + (x * (0.99229 + (x * 0.04481))))) - x;
}
def code(x):
	return ((2.30753 + (x * 0.27061)) / (1.0 + (x * (0.99229 + (x * 0.04481))))) - x
function code(x)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(2.30753 + Float64(x * 0.27061)) / Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(0.99229 + Float64(x * 0.04481))))) - x)
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = ((2.30753 + (x * 0.27061)) / (1.0 + (x * (0.99229 + (x * 0.04481))))) - x;
end
code[x_] := N[(N[(N[(2.30753 + N[(x * 0.27061), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(0.99229 + N[(x * 0.04481), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - x), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{2.30753 + x \cdot 0.27061}{1 + x \cdot \left(0.99229 + x \cdot 0.04481\right)} - x
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 100.0%

    \[\frac{2.30753 + x \cdot 0.27061}{1 + x \cdot \left(0.99229 + x \cdot 0.04481\right)} - x \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.5% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -3.6:\\ \;\;\;\;0 - x\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 1.15:\\ \;\;\;\;2.30753\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0 - x\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x -3.6) (- 0.0 x) (if (<= x 1.15) 2.30753 (- 0.0 x))))
double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -3.6) {
		tmp = 0.0 - x;
	} else if (x <= 1.15) {
		tmp = 2.30753;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0 - x;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= (-3.6d0)) then
        tmp = 0.0d0 - x
    else if (x <= 1.15d0) then
        tmp = 2.30753d0
    else
        tmp = 0.0d0 - x
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -3.6) {
		tmp = 0.0 - x;
	} else if (x <= 1.15) {
		tmp = 2.30753;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0 - x;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -3.6:
		tmp = 0.0 - x
	elif x <= 1.15:
		tmp = 2.30753
	else:
		tmp = 0.0 - x
	return tmp
function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -3.6)
		tmp = Float64(0.0 - x);
	elseif (x <= 1.15)
		tmp = 2.30753;
	else
		tmp = Float64(0.0 - x);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= -3.6)
		tmp = 0.0 - x;
	elseif (x <= 1.15)
		tmp = 2.30753;
	else
		tmp = 0.0 - x;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, -3.6], N[(0.0 - x), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[x, 1.15], 2.30753, N[(0.0 - x), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -3.6:\\
\;\;\;\;0 - x\\

\mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 1.15:\\
\;\;\;\;2.30753\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0 - x\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < -3.60000000000000009 or 1.1499999999999999 < x

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\frac{2.30753 + x \cdot 0.27061}{1 + x \cdot \left(0.99229 + x \cdot 0.04481\right)} - x \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. --lowering--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{230753}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{27061}{100000}}{1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)}\right), \color{blue}{x}\right) \]
      2. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{230753}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{27061}{100000}\right), \left(1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      3. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \left(x \cdot \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \left(1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \left(1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      5. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \left(x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      7. remove-double-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      8. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\frac{99229}{100000} - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      9. --lowering--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      10. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \left(x \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      11. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval100.0%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{-4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
    3. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2.30753 + x \cdot 0.27061}{1 + x \cdot \left(0.99229 - x \cdot -0.04481\right)} - x} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot x} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(x\right) \]
      2. neg-sub0N/A

        \[\leadsto 0 - \color{blue}{x} \]
      3. --lowering--.f6498.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(0, \color{blue}{x}\right) \]
    7. Simplified98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0 - x} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub0-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(x\right) \]
      2. neg-lowering-neg.f6498.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg.f64}\left(x\right) \]
    9. Applied egg-rr98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-x} \]

    if -3.60000000000000009 < x < 1.1499999999999999

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\frac{2.30753 + x \cdot 0.27061}{1 + x \cdot \left(0.99229 + x \cdot 0.04481\right)} - x \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. --lowering--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{230753}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{27061}{100000}}{1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)}\right), \color{blue}{x}\right) \]
      2. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{230753}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{27061}{100000}\right), \left(1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      3. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \left(x \cdot \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \left(1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \left(1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      5. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \left(x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      7. remove-double-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      8. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\frac{99229}{100000} - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      9. --lowering--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      10. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \left(x \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      11. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval100.0%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{-4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
    3. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2.30753 + x \cdot 0.27061}{1 + x \cdot \left(0.99229 - x \cdot -0.04481\right)} - x} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{230753}{100000}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Simplified99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2.30753} \]
    7. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    8. Final simplification99.2%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -3.6:\\ \;\;\;\;0 - x\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 1.15:\\ \;\;\;\;2.30753\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0 - x\\ \end{array} \]
    9. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 3: 98.1% accurate, 5.7× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ 2.30753 - x \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (- 2.30753 x))
    double code(double x) {
    	return 2.30753 - x;
    }
    
    real(8) function code(x)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        code = 2.30753d0 - x
    end function
    
    public static double code(double x) {
    	return 2.30753 - x;
    }
    
    def code(x):
    	return 2.30753 - x
    
    function code(x)
    	return Float64(2.30753 - x)
    end
    
    function tmp = code(x)
    	tmp = 2.30753 - x;
    end
    
    code[x_] := N[(2.30753 - x), $MachinePrecision]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    2.30753 - x
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\frac{2.30753 + x \cdot 0.27061}{1 + x \cdot \left(0.99229 + x \cdot 0.04481\right)} - x \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. --lowering--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{230753}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{27061}{100000}}{1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)}\right), \color{blue}{x}\right) \]
      2. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{230753}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{27061}{100000}\right), \left(1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      3. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \left(x \cdot \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \left(1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \left(1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      5. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \left(x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      7. remove-double-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      8. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\frac{99229}{100000} - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      9. --lowering--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      10. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \left(x \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      11. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval100.0%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{-4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
    3. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2.30753 + x \cdot 0.27061}{1 + x \cdot \left(0.99229 - x \cdot -0.04481\right)} - x} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{230753}{100000}}, x\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Simplified98.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2.30753} - x \]
      2. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 4: 51.2% accurate, 17.0× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ 2.30753 \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (x) :precision binary64 2.30753)
      double code(double x) {
      	return 2.30753;
      }
      
      real(8) function code(x)
          real(8), intent (in) :: x
          code = 2.30753d0
      end function
      
      public static double code(double x) {
      	return 2.30753;
      }
      
      def code(x):
      	return 2.30753
      
      function code(x)
      	return 2.30753
      end
      
      function tmp = code(x)
      	tmp = 2.30753;
      end
      
      code[x_] := 2.30753
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      2.30753
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 100.0%

        \[\frac{2.30753 + x \cdot 0.27061}{1 + x \cdot \left(0.99229 + x \cdot 0.04481\right)} - x \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. --lowering--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{230753}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{27061}{100000}}{1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)}\right), \color{blue}{x}\right) \]
        2. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{230753}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{27061}{100000}\right), \left(1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
        3. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \left(x \cdot \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \left(1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
        4. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \left(1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
        5. +-lowering-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \left(x \cdot \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
        6. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
        7. remove-double-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\frac{99229}{100000} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
        8. sub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\frac{99229}{100000} - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
        9. --lowering--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
        10. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \left(x \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
        11. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
        12. metadata-eval100.0%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{+.f64}\left(\frac{230753}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{27061}{100000}\right)\right), \mathsf{+.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{\_.f64}\left(\frac{99229}{100000}, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{-4481}{100000}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), x\right) \]
      3. Simplified100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2.30753 + x \cdot 0.27061}{1 + x \cdot \left(0.99229 - x \cdot -0.04481\right)} - x} \]
      4. Add Preprocessing
      5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{230753}{100000}} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Simplified47.5%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2.30753} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing

        Reproduce

        ?
        herbie shell --seed 2024191 
        (FPCore (x)
          :name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:invIncompleteGamma from math-functions-0.1.5.2, C"
          :precision binary64
          (- (/ (+ 2.30753 (* x 0.27061)) (+ 1.0 (* x (+ 0.99229 (* x 0.04481))))) x))