expfmod (used to be hard to sample)

Percentage Accurate: 6.7% → 62.2%
Time: 15.4s
Alternatives: 7
Speedup: 505.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot e^{-x} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* (fmod (exp x) (sqrt (cos x))) (exp (- x))))
double code(double x) {
	return fmod(exp(x), sqrt(cos(x))) * exp(-x);
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = mod(exp(x), sqrt(cos(x))) * exp(-x)
end function
def code(x):
	return math.fmod(math.exp(x), math.sqrt(math.cos(x))) * math.exp(-x)
function code(x)
	return Float64(rem(exp(x), sqrt(cos(x))) * exp(Float64(-x)))
end
code[x_] := N[(N[With[{TMP1 = N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision], TMP2 = N[Sqrt[N[Cos[x], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, Mod[Abs[TMP1], Abs[TMP2]] * Sign[TMP1]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-x)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot e^{-x}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 7 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 6.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot e^{-x} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* (fmod (exp x) (sqrt (cos x))) (exp (- x))))
double code(double x) {
	return fmod(exp(x), sqrt(cos(x))) * exp(-x);
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = mod(exp(x), sqrt(cos(x))) * exp(-x)
end function
def code(x):
	return math.fmod(math.exp(x), math.sqrt(math.cos(x))) * math.exp(-x)
function code(x)
	return Float64(rem(exp(x), sqrt(cos(x))) * exp(Float64(-x)))
end
code[x_] := N[(N[With[{TMP1 = N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision], TMP2 = N[Sqrt[N[Cos[x], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, Mod[Abs[TMP1], Abs[TMP2]] * Sign[TMP1]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-x)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot e^{-x}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 62.2% accurate, 0.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\\ t_1 := {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2}\\ \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 500:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(\left({\left({\left(e^{t\_1}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{t\_1}\right)}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \left({t\_0}^{2}\right) + \log t\_0}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-x}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (cbrt (exp (cos x)))) (t_1 (pow (cbrt x) 2.0)))
   (if (<= x 500.0)
     (/
      (fmod
       (pow (pow (exp t_1) (cbrt t_1)) (cbrt (cbrt x)))
       (sqrt (+ (log (pow t_0 2.0)) (log t_0))))
      (exp x))
     (exp (- x)))))
double code(double x) {
	double t_0 = cbrt(exp(cos(x)));
	double t_1 = pow(cbrt(x), 2.0);
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 500.0) {
		tmp = fmod(pow(pow(exp(t_1), cbrt(t_1)), cbrt(cbrt(x))), sqrt((log(pow(t_0, 2.0)) + log(t_0)))) / exp(x);
	} else {
		tmp = exp(-x);
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(x)
	t_0 = cbrt(exp(cos(x)))
	t_1 = cbrt(x) ^ 2.0
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= 500.0)
		tmp = Float64(rem(((exp(t_1) ^ cbrt(t_1)) ^ cbrt(cbrt(x))), sqrt(Float64(log((t_0 ^ 2.0)) + log(t_0)))) / exp(x));
	else
		tmp = exp(Float64(-x));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[x_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[Power[N[Exp[N[Cos[x], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Power[N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[x, 500.0], N[(N[With[{TMP1 = N[Power[N[Power[N[Exp[t$95$1], $MachinePrecision], N[Power[t$95$1, 1/3], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[Power[N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], TMP2 = N[Sqrt[N[(N[Log[N[Power[t$95$0, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, Mod[Abs[TMP1], Abs[TMP2]] * Sign[TMP1]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[(-x)], $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\\
t_1 := {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2}\\
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 500:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(\left({\left({\left(e^{t\_1}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{t\_1}\right)}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \left({t\_0}^{2}\right) + \log t\_0}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{-x}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < 500

    1. Initial program 9.8%

      \[\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot e^{-x} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. /-rgt-identity9.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{1}} \cdot e^{-x} \]
      2. associate-/r/9.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{\frac{1}{e^{-x}}}} \]
      3. exp-neg9.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{e^{-\left(-x\right)}}} \]
      4. remove-double-neg9.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{\color{blue}{x}}} \]
    3. Simplified9.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-log-exp9.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos x}\right)}}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
      2. add-cube-cbrt58.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
      3. log-prod58.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
      4. pow258.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \color{blue}{\left({\left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}^{2}\right)} + \log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr58.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\log \left({\left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}^{2}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cube-cbrt58.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}}}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \left({\left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}^{2}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
      2. exp-prod58.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left({\left(e^{\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}\right)} \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \left({\left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}^{2}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
      3. add-cube-cbrt58.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left({\left(e^{\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}}}\right)}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \left({\left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}^{2}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
      4. cbrt-prod58.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left({\left(e^{\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \left({\left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}^{2}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
      5. pow-unpow58.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left({\left({\left(e^{\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}\right)} \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \left({\left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}^{2}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
      6. pow258.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left({\left({\left(e^{\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2}}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \left({\left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}^{2}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
      7. pow258.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left({\left({\left(e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2}}}\right)}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \left({\left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}^{2}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
    8. Applied egg-rr58.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left({\left({\left(e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2}}\right)}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}\right)} \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \left({\left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}^{2}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]

    if 500 < x

    1. Initial program 0.0%

      \[\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot e^{-x} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. exp-neg0.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{x}}} \]
      2. div-inv0.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}} \]
      3. clear-num0.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}}} \]
      4. inv-pow0.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right)}^{-1}} \]
      5. pow-to-exp0.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right) \cdot -1}} \]
      6. diff-log0.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\log \left(e^{x}\right) - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot -1} \]
      7. add-log-exp0.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{x} - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
    4. Applied egg-rr0.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(x - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 100.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot x}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-1100.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-x}} \]
    7. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-x}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 62.2% accurate, 0.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\\ \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 350:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \left({t\_0}^{2}\right) + \log t\_0}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (cbrt (exp (cos x)))))
   (if (<= x 350.0)
     (/ (fmod (exp x) (sqrt (+ (log (pow t_0 2.0)) (log t_0)))) (exp x))
     (exp (* (pow (cbrt x) 2.0) (- (cbrt x)))))))
double code(double x) {
	double t_0 = cbrt(exp(cos(x)));
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 350.0) {
		tmp = fmod(exp(x), sqrt((log(pow(t_0, 2.0)) + log(t_0)))) / exp(x);
	} else {
		tmp = exp((pow(cbrt(x), 2.0) * -cbrt(x)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(x)
	t_0 = cbrt(exp(cos(x)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= 350.0)
		tmp = Float64(rem(exp(x), sqrt(Float64(log((t_0 ^ 2.0)) + log(t_0)))) / exp(x));
	else
		tmp = exp(Float64((cbrt(x) ^ 2.0) * Float64(-cbrt(x))));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[x_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[Power[N[Exp[N[Cos[x], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[x, 350.0], N[(N[With[{TMP1 = N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision], TMP2 = N[Sqrt[N[(N[Log[N[Power[t$95$0, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, Mod[Abs[TMP1], Abs[TMP2]] * Sign[TMP1]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[N[(N[Power[N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision])), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\\
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 350:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \left({t\_0}^{2}\right) + \log t\_0}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < 350

    1. Initial program 9.7%

      \[\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot e^{-x} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. /-rgt-identity9.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{1}} \cdot e^{-x} \]
      2. associate-/r/9.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{\frac{1}{e^{-x}}}} \]
      3. exp-neg9.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{e^{-\left(-x\right)}}} \]
      4. remove-double-neg9.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{\color{blue}{x}}} \]
    3. Simplified9.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-log-exp9.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos x}\right)}}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
      2. add-cube-cbrt58.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
      3. log-prod58.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
      4. pow258.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\log \color{blue}{\left({\left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}^{2}\right)} + \log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr58.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\log \left({\left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}^{2}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt[3]{e^{\cos x}}\right)}}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]

    if 350 < x

    1. Initial program 0.5%

      \[\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot e^{-x} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. exp-neg0.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{x}}} \]
      2. div-inv0.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}} \]
      3. clear-num0.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}}} \]
      4. inv-pow0.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right)}^{-1}} \]
      5. pow-to-exp0.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right) \cdot -1}} \]
      6. diff-log0.5%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\log \left(e^{x}\right) - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot -1} \]
      7. add-log-exp0.5%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{x} - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
    4. Applied egg-rr0.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(x - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot x}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-198.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-x}} \]
    7. Simplified98.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-x}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cube-cbrt98.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{-\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}}} \]
      2. distribute-rgt-neg-in98.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right) \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]
      3. pow298.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr98.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 61.3% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sqrt{\cos x}\\ \mathbf{if}\;e^{-x} \cdot \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod t\_0\right) \leq 10^{-156}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\log \left(\left(x + 1\right) \bmod t\_0\right) - x}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (sqrt (cos x))))
   (if (<= (* (exp (- x)) (fmod (exp x) t_0)) 1e-156)
     (exp (* (pow (cbrt x) 2.0) (- (cbrt x))))
     (exp (- (log (fmod (+ x 1.0) t_0)) x)))))
double code(double x) {
	double t_0 = sqrt(cos(x));
	double tmp;
	if ((exp(-x) * fmod(exp(x), t_0)) <= 1e-156) {
		tmp = exp((pow(cbrt(x), 2.0) * -cbrt(x)));
	} else {
		tmp = exp((log(fmod((x + 1.0), t_0)) - x));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(x)
	t_0 = sqrt(cos(x))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(exp(Float64(-x)) * rem(exp(x), t_0)) <= 1e-156)
		tmp = exp(Float64((cbrt(x) ^ 2.0) * Float64(-cbrt(x))));
	else
		tmp = exp(Float64(log(rem(Float64(x + 1.0), t_0)) - x));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[x_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[Sqrt[N[Cos[x], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[(N[Exp[(-x)], $MachinePrecision] * N[With[{TMP1 = N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision], TMP2 = t$95$0}, Mod[Abs[TMP1], Abs[TMP2]] * Sign[TMP1]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1e-156], N[Exp[N[(N[Power[N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision])), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[N[(N[Log[N[With[{TMP1 = N[(x + 1.0), $MachinePrecision], TMP2 = t$95$0}, Mod[Abs[TMP1], Abs[TMP2]] * Sign[TMP1]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \sqrt{\cos x}\\
\mathbf{if}\;e^{-x} \cdot \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod t\_0\right) \leq 10^{-156}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{\log \left(\left(x + 1\right) \bmod t\_0\right) - x}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (*.f64 (fmod.f64 (exp.f64 x) (sqrt.f64 (cos.f64 x))) (exp.f64 (neg.f64 x))) < 1.00000000000000004e-156

    1. Initial program 4.2%

      \[\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot e^{-x} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. exp-neg4.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{x}}} \]
      2. div-inv4.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}} \]
      3. clear-num4.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}}} \]
      4. inv-pow4.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right)}^{-1}} \]
      5. pow-to-exp4.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right) \cdot -1}} \]
      6. diff-log4.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\log \left(e^{x}\right) - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot -1} \]
      7. add-log-exp4.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{x} - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
    4. Applied egg-rr4.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(x - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 57.3%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot x}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-157.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-x}} \]
    7. Simplified57.3%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-x}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cube-cbrt57.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{-\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}}} \]
      2. distribute-rgt-neg-in57.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right) \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]
      3. pow257.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr57.3%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

    if 1.00000000000000004e-156 < (*.f64 (fmod.f64 (exp.f64 x) (sqrt.f64 (cos.f64 x))) (exp.f64 (neg.f64 x)))

    1. Initial program 20.7%

      \[\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot e^{-x} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. exp-neg20.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{x}}} \]
      2. div-inv20.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}} \]
      3. clear-num20.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}}} \]
      4. inv-pow20.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right)}^{-1}} \]
      5. pow-to-exp20.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right) \cdot -1}} \]
      6. diff-log20.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\log \left(e^{x}\right) - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot -1} \]
      7. add-log-exp20.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{x} - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
    4. Applied egg-rr20.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(x - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 90.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(x - \log \left(\color{blue}{\left(1 + x\right)} \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative90.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(x - \log \left(\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right)} \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
    7. Simplified90.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(x - \log \left(\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right)} \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification65.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;e^{-x} \cdot \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \leq 10^{-156}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\log \left(\left(x + 1\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) - x}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 61.3% accurate, 0.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sqrt{\cos x}\\ \mathbf{if}\;e^{-x} \cdot \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod t\_0\right) \leq 10^{-156}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(\left(x + 1\right) \bmod t\_0\right)}{e^{x}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (sqrt (cos x))))
   (if (<= (* (exp (- x)) (fmod (exp x) t_0)) 1e-156)
     (exp (* (pow (cbrt x) 2.0) (- (cbrt x))))
     (/ (fmod (+ x 1.0) t_0) (exp x)))))
double code(double x) {
	double t_0 = sqrt(cos(x));
	double tmp;
	if ((exp(-x) * fmod(exp(x), t_0)) <= 1e-156) {
		tmp = exp((pow(cbrt(x), 2.0) * -cbrt(x)));
	} else {
		tmp = fmod((x + 1.0), t_0) / exp(x);
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(x)
	t_0 = sqrt(cos(x))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(exp(Float64(-x)) * rem(exp(x), t_0)) <= 1e-156)
		tmp = exp(Float64((cbrt(x) ^ 2.0) * Float64(-cbrt(x))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(rem(Float64(x + 1.0), t_0) / exp(x));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[x_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[Sqrt[N[Cos[x], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[(N[Exp[(-x)], $MachinePrecision] * N[With[{TMP1 = N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision], TMP2 = t$95$0}, Mod[Abs[TMP1], Abs[TMP2]] * Sign[TMP1]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1e-156], N[Exp[N[(N[Power[N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision])), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[(N[With[{TMP1 = N[(x + 1.0), $MachinePrecision], TMP2 = t$95$0}, Mod[Abs[TMP1], Abs[TMP2]] * Sign[TMP1]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \sqrt{\cos x}\\
\mathbf{if}\;e^{-x} \cdot \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod t\_0\right) \leq 10^{-156}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(\left(x + 1\right) \bmod t\_0\right)}{e^{x}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (*.f64 (fmod.f64 (exp.f64 x) (sqrt.f64 (cos.f64 x))) (exp.f64 (neg.f64 x))) < 1.00000000000000004e-156

    1. Initial program 4.2%

      \[\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot e^{-x} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. exp-neg4.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{x}}} \]
      2. div-inv4.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}} \]
      3. clear-num4.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}}} \]
      4. inv-pow4.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right)}^{-1}} \]
      5. pow-to-exp4.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right) \cdot -1}} \]
      6. diff-log4.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\log \left(e^{x}\right) - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot -1} \]
      7. add-log-exp4.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{x} - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
    4. Applied egg-rr4.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(x - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 57.3%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot x}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-157.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-x}} \]
    7. Simplified57.3%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-x}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cube-cbrt57.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{-\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}}} \]
      2. distribute-rgt-neg-in57.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right) \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]
      3. pow257.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr57.3%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

    if 1.00000000000000004e-156 < (*.f64 (fmod.f64 (exp.f64 x) (sqrt.f64 (cos.f64 x))) (exp.f64 (neg.f64 x)))

    1. Initial program 20.7%

      \[\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot e^{-x} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. /-rgt-identity20.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{1}} \cdot e^{-x} \]
      2. associate-/r/20.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{\frac{1}{e^{-x}}}} \]
      3. exp-neg20.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{e^{-\left(-x\right)}}} \]
      4. remove-double-neg20.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{\color{blue}{x}}} \]
    3. Simplified20.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left(1 + x\right)} \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative90.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(x - \log \left(\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right)} \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
    7. Simplified90.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right)} \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{x}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification65.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;e^{-x} \cdot \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \leq 10^{-156}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(\left(x + 1\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 60.4% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (exp (* (pow (cbrt x) 2.0) (- (cbrt x)))))
double code(double x) {
	return exp((pow(cbrt(x), 2.0) * -cbrt(x)));
}
public static double code(double x) {
	return Math.exp((Math.pow(Math.cbrt(x), 2.0) * -Math.cbrt(x)));
}
function code(x)
	return exp(Float64((cbrt(x) ^ 2.0) * Float64(-cbrt(x))))
end
code[x_] := N[Exp[N[(N[Power[N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision])), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 8.1%

    \[\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot e^{-x} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. exp-neg8.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{x}}} \]
    2. div-inv8.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}} \]
    3. clear-num8.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}}} \]
    4. inv-pow8.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right)}^{-1}} \]
    5. pow-to-exp8.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right) \cdot -1}} \]
    6. diff-log8.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\log \left(e^{x}\right) - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot -1} \]
    7. add-log-exp8.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{x} - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
  4. Applied egg-rr8.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(x - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 63.1%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot x}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-163.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-x}} \]
  7. Simplified63.1%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-x}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-cube-cbrt63.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{-\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}}} \]
    2. distribute-rgt-neg-in63.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right) \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]
    3. pow263.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr63.1%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(-\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 60.4% accurate, 5.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ e^{-x} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (exp (- x)))
double code(double x) {
	return exp(-x);
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = exp(-x)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return Math.exp(-x);
}
def code(x):
	return math.exp(-x)
function code(x)
	return exp(Float64(-x))
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = exp(-x);
end
code[x_] := N[Exp[(-x)], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
e^{-x}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 8.1%

    \[\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot e^{-x} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. exp-neg8.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{x}}} \]
    2. div-inv8.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}} \]
    3. clear-num8.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}}} \]
    4. inv-pow8.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right)}^{-1}} \]
    5. pow-to-exp8.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right) \cdot -1}} \]
    6. diff-log8.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\log \left(e^{x}\right) - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot -1} \]
    7. add-log-exp8.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{x} - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
  4. Applied egg-rr8.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(x - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 63.1%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot x}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-163.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-x}} \]
  7. Simplified63.1%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-x}} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 43.3% accurate, 505.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 1 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 1.0)
double code(double x) {
	return 1.0;
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = 1.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return 1.0;
}
def code(x):
	return 1.0
function code(x)
	return 1.0
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = 1.0;
end
code[x_] := 1.0
\begin{array}{l}

\\
1
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 8.1%

    \[\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot e^{-x} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. exp-neg8.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{x}}} \]
    2. div-inv8.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}{e^{x}}} \]
    3. clear-num8.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}}} \]
    4. inv-pow8.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right)}^{-1}} \]
    5. pow-to-exp8.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\frac{e^{x}}{\left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)}\right) \cdot -1}} \]
    6. diff-log8.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\log \left(e^{x}\right) - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot -1} \]
    7. add-log-exp8.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{x} - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]
  4. Applied egg-rr8.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left(x - \log \left(\left(e^{x}\right) \bmod \left(\sqrt{\cos x}\right)\right)\right) \cdot -1}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 63.1%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot x}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-163.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-x}} \]
  7. Simplified63.1%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-x}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in x around 0 47.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024185 
(FPCore (x)
  :name "expfmod (used to be hard to sample)"
  :precision binary64
  (* (fmod (exp x) (sqrt (cos x))) (exp (- x))))