NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, A

Percentage Accurate: 73.9% → 99.1%
Time: 13.6s
Alternatives: 13
Speedup: 2.1×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x eps)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  (-
   (* (+ 1.0 (/ 1.0 eps)) (exp (- (* (- 1.0 eps) x))))
   (* (- (/ 1.0 eps) 1.0) (exp (- (* (+ 1.0 eps) x)))))
  2.0))
double code(double x, double eps) {
	return (((1.0 + (1.0 / eps)) * exp(-((1.0 - eps) * x))) - (((1.0 / eps) - 1.0) * exp(-((1.0 + eps) * x)))) / 2.0;
}
real(8) function code(x, eps)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: eps
    code = (((1.0d0 + (1.0d0 / eps)) * exp(-((1.0d0 - eps) * x))) - (((1.0d0 / eps) - 1.0d0) * exp(-((1.0d0 + eps) * x)))) / 2.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x, double eps) {
	return (((1.0 + (1.0 / eps)) * Math.exp(-((1.0 - eps) * x))) - (((1.0 / eps) - 1.0) * Math.exp(-((1.0 + eps) * x)))) / 2.0;
}
def code(x, eps):
	return (((1.0 + (1.0 / eps)) * math.exp(-((1.0 - eps) * x))) - (((1.0 / eps) - 1.0) * math.exp(-((1.0 + eps) * x)))) / 2.0
function code(x, eps)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 + Float64(1.0 / eps)) * exp(Float64(-Float64(Float64(1.0 - eps) * x)))) - Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 / eps) - 1.0) * exp(Float64(-Float64(Float64(1.0 + eps) * x))))) / 2.0)
end
function tmp = code(x, eps)
	tmp = (((1.0 + (1.0 / eps)) * exp(-((1.0 - eps) * x))) - (((1.0 / eps) - 1.0) * exp(-((1.0 + eps) * x)))) / 2.0;
end
code[x_, eps_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(1.0 + N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-N[(N[(1.0 - eps), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision] - 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-N[(N[(1.0 + eps), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 13 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 73.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x eps)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  (-
   (* (+ 1.0 (/ 1.0 eps)) (exp (- (* (- 1.0 eps) x))))
   (* (- (/ 1.0 eps) 1.0) (exp (- (* (+ 1.0 eps) x)))))
  2.0))
double code(double x, double eps) {
	return (((1.0 + (1.0 / eps)) * exp(-((1.0 - eps) * x))) - (((1.0 / eps) - 1.0) * exp(-((1.0 + eps) * x)))) / 2.0;
}
real(8) function code(x, eps)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: eps
    code = (((1.0d0 + (1.0d0 / eps)) * exp(-((1.0d0 - eps) * x))) - (((1.0d0 / eps) - 1.0d0) * exp(-((1.0d0 + eps) * x)))) / 2.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x, double eps) {
	return (((1.0 + (1.0 / eps)) * Math.exp(-((1.0 - eps) * x))) - (((1.0 / eps) - 1.0) * Math.exp(-((1.0 + eps) * x)))) / 2.0;
}
def code(x, eps):
	return (((1.0 + (1.0 / eps)) * math.exp(-((1.0 - eps) * x))) - (((1.0 / eps) - 1.0) * math.exp(-((1.0 + eps) * x)))) / 2.0
function code(x, eps)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 + Float64(1.0 / eps)) * exp(Float64(-Float64(Float64(1.0 - eps) * x)))) - Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 / eps) - 1.0) * exp(Float64(-Float64(Float64(1.0 + eps) * x))))) / 2.0)
end
function tmp = code(x, eps)
	tmp = (((1.0 + (1.0 / eps)) * exp(-((1.0 - eps) * x))) - (((1.0 / eps) - 1.0) * exp(-((1.0 + eps) * x)))) / 2.0;
end
code[x_, eps_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(1.0 + N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-N[(N[(1.0 - eps), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision] - 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-N[(N[(1.0 + eps), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.1% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e^{x \cdot \left(-1 + \varepsilon\right)} + e^{x \cdot \left(-1 - \varepsilon\right)}}{2} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x eps)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (+ (exp (* x (+ -1.0 eps))) (exp (* x (- -1.0 eps)))) 2.0))
double code(double x, double eps) {
	return (exp((x * (-1.0 + eps))) + exp((x * (-1.0 - eps)))) / 2.0;
}
real(8) function code(x, eps)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: eps
    code = (exp((x * ((-1.0d0) + eps))) + exp((x * ((-1.0d0) - eps)))) / 2.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x, double eps) {
	return (Math.exp((x * (-1.0 + eps))) + Math.exp((x * (-1.0 - eps)))) / 2.0;
}
def code(x, eps):
	return (math.exp((x * (-1.0 + eps))) + math.exp((x * (-1.0 - eps)))) / 2.0
function code(x, eps)
	return Float64(Float64(exp(Float64(x * Float64(-1.0 + eps))) + exp(Float64(x * Float64(-1.0 - eps)))) / 2.0)
end
function tmp = code(x, eps)
	tmp = (exp((x * (-1.0 + eps))) + exp((x * (-1.0 - eps)))) / 2.0;
end
code[x_, eps_] := N[(N[(N[Exp[N[(x * N[(-1.0 + eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Exp[N[(x * N[(-1.0 - eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{e^{x \cdot \left(-1 + \varepsilon\right)} + e^{x \cdot \left(-1 - \varepsilon\right)}}{2}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 78.6%

    \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
  2. Simplified78.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in eps around inf 99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}}}{2} \]
  5. Final simplification99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{x \cdot \left(-1 + \varepsilon\right)} + e^{x \cdot \left(-1 - \varepsilon\right)}}{2} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 77.3% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1 \cdot 10^{-298}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1 + e^{x \cdot \left(-1 - \varepsilon\right)}}{2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)} + e^{-x}}{2}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x eps)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x -1e-298)
   (/ (+ 1.0 (exp (* x (- -1.0 eps)))) 2.0)
   (/ (+ (pow E (* x (+ -1.0 eps))) (exp (- x))) 2.0)))
double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -1e-298) {
		tmp = (1.0 + exp((x * (-1.0 - eps)))) / 2.0;
	} else {
		tmp = (pow(((double) M_E), (x * (-1.0 + eps))) + exp(-x)) / 2.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -1e-298) {
		tmp = (1.0 + Math.exp((x * (-1.0 - eps)))) / 2.0;
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.pow(Math.E, (x * (-1.0 + eps))) + Math.exp(-x)) / 2.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, eps):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -1e-298:
		tmp = (1.0 + math.exp((x * (-1.0 - eps)))) / 2.0
	else:
		tmp = (math.pow(math.e, (x * (-1.0 + eps))) + math.exp(-x)) / 2.0
	return tmp
function code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -1e-298)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(1.0 + exp(Float64(x * Float64(-1.0 - eps)))) / 2.0);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64((exp(1) ^ Float64(x * Float64(-1.0 + eps))) + exp(Float64(-x))) / 2.0);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= -1e-298)
		tmp = (1.0 + exp((x * (-1.0 - eps)))) / 2.0;
	else
		tmp = ((2.71828182845904523536 ^ (x * (-1.0 + eps))) + exp(-x)) / 2.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, eps_] := If[LessEqual[x, -1e-298], N[(N[(1.0 + N[Exp[N[(x * N[(-1.0 - eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Power[E, N[(x * N[(-1.0 + eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Exp[(-x)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1 \cdot 10^{-298}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{1 + e^{x \cdot \left(-1 - \varepsilon\right)}}{2}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)} + e^{-x}}{2}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < -9.99999999999999912e-299

    1. Initial program 77.0%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified77.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 48.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around inf 70.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 - -1 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}}}{2} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg70.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - \color{blue}{\left(-e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}\right)}}{2} \]
      2. neg-mul-170.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - \left(-e^{\color{blue}{-x \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)}}\right)}{2} \]
      3. distribute-lft-neg-in70.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - \left(-e^{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)}}\right)}{2} \]
      4. *-commutative70.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - \left(-e^{\color{blue}{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}\right)}{2} \]
      5. +-commutative70.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - \left(-e^{\color{blue}{\left(\varepsilon + 1\right)} \cdot \left(-x\right)}\right)}{2} \]
    7. Simplified70.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 - \left(-e^{\left(\varepsilon + 1\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}\right)}}{2} \]

    if -9.99999999999999912e-299 < x

    1. Initial program 79.7%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified79.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in eps around inf 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 77.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x}}}{2} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-177.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-x}}}{2} \]
    7. Simplified77.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity77.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      2. exp-prod77.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      3. associate-*r*77.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      4. neg-mul-177.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr77.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. exp-1-e77.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\color{blue}{e}}^{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      2. distribute-lft-neg-in77.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\color{blue}{\left(-x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-neg-in77.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      4. sub-neg77.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-\varepsilon\right)\right)}\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      5. neg-mul-177.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-\left(1 + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \varepsilon}\right)\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      6. distribute-neg-in77.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1\right) + \left(--1 \cdot \varepsilon\right)\right)}\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      7. metadata-eval77.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-1} + \left(--1 \cdot \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      8. neg-mul-177.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\varepsilon\right)}\right)\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      9. remove-double-neg77.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \color{blue}{\varepsilon}\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    11. Simplified77.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification74.6%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1 \cdot 10^{-298}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1 + e^{x \cdot \left(-1 - \varepsilon\right)}}{2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)} + e^{-x}}{2}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.1% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e^{x \cdot \left(-1 + \varepsilon\right)} + \frac{1}{e^{x + x \cdot \varepsilon}}}{2} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x eps)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (+ (exp (* x (+ -1.0 eps))) (/ 1.0 (exp (+ x (* x eps))))) 2.0))
double code(double x, double eps) {
	return (exp((x * (-1.0 + eps))) + (1.0 / exp((x + (x * eps))))) / 2.0;
}
real(8) function code(x, eps)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: eps
    code = (exp((x * ((-1.0d0) + eps))) + (1.0d0 / exp((x + (x * eps))))) / 2.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x, double eps) {
	return (Math.exp((x * (-1.0 + eps))) + (1.0 / Math.exp((x + (x * eps))))) / 2.0;
}
def code(x, eps):
	return (math.exp((x * (-1.0 + eps))) + (1.0 / math.exp((x + (x * eps))))) / 2.0
function code(x, eps)
	return Float64(Float64(exp(Float64(x * Float64(-1.0 + eps))) + Float64(1.0 / exp(Float64(x + Float64(x * eps))))) / 2.0)
end
function tmp = code(x, eps)
	tmp = (exp((x * (-1.0 + eps))) + (1.0 / exp((x + (x * eps))))) / 2.0;
end
code[x_, eps_] := N[(N[(N[Exp[N[(x * N[(-1.0 + eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / N[Exp[N[(x + N[(x * eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{e^{x \cdot \left(-1 + \varepsilon\right)} + \frac{1}{e^{x + x \cdot \varepsilon}}}{2}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 78.6%

    \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
  2. Simplified68.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}, {\left(e^{x}\right)}^{\left(\varepsilon + -1\right)}, \frac{1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}}{e^{\mathsf{fma}\left(\varepsilon, x, x\right)}}\right)}{2}} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in eps around inf 99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{x \cdot \left(\varepsilon - 1\right)} + \frac{1}{e^{x + \varepsilon \cdot x}}}}{2} \]
  5. Final simplification99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{x \cdot \left(-1 + \varepsilon\right)} + \frac{1}{e^{x + x \cdot \varepsilon}}}{2} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 81.2% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq 0.85:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{e^{\log 2 - x}}{2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(1 + \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} - \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 - \varepsilon \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right) - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)\right) + e^{x \cdot \left(-1 - \varepsilon\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}\right)}{2}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x eps)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= eps 0.85)
   (/ (exp (- (log 2.0) x)) 2.0)
   (/
    (+
     (+
      1.0
      (-
       (/ 1.0 eps)
       (*
        x
        (+
         (/ 1.0 eps)
         (-
          (* x (- 0.5 (- (* 0.5 (/ 1.0 eps)) (* eps (- 0.5 (* eps 0.5))))))
          eps)))))
     (* (exp (* x (- -1.0 eps))) (+ 1.0 (/ -1.0 eps))))
    2.0)))
double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (eps <= 0.85) {
		tmp = exp((log(2.0) - x)) / 2.0;
	} else {
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (exp((x * (-1.0 - eps))) * (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps)))) / 2.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, eps)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: eps
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (eps <= 0.85d0) then
        tmp = exp((log(2.0d0) - x)) / 2.0d0
    else
        tmp = ((1.0d0 + ((1.0d0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0d0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5d0 - ((0.5d0 * (1.0d0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5d0 - (eps * 0.5d0)))))) - eps))))) + (exp((x * ((-1.0d0) - eps))) * (1.0d0 + ((-1.0d0) / eps)))) / 2.0d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (eps <= 0.85) {
		tmp = Math.exp((Math.log(2.0) - x)) / 2.0;
	} else {
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (Math.exp((x * (-1.0 - eps))) * (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps)))) / 2.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, eps):
	tmp = 0
	if eps <= 0.85:
		tmp = math.exp((math.log(2.0) - x)) / 2.0
	else:
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (math.exp((x * (-1.0 - eps))) * (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps)))) / 2.0
	return tmp
function code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (eps <= 0.85)
		tmp = Float64(exp(Float64(log(2.0) - x)) / 2.0);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 + Float64(Float64(1.0 / eps) - Float64(x * Float64(Float64(1.0 / eps) + Float64(Float64(x * Float64(0.5 - Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(1.0 / eps)) - Float64(eps * Float64(0.5 - Float64(eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + Float64(exp(Float64(x * Float64(-1.0 - eps))) * Float64(1.0 + Float64(-1.0 / eps)))) / 2.0);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (eps <= 0.85)
		tmp = exp((log(2.0) - x)) / 2.0;
	else
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (exp((x * (-1.0 - eps))) * (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps)))) / 2.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, eps_] := If[LessEqual[eps, 0.85], N[(N[Exp[N[(N[Log[2.0], $MachinePrecision] - x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(1.0 + N[(N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * N[(N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(x * N[(0.5 - N[(N[(0.5 * N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(eps * N[(0.5 - N[(eps * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Exp[N[(x * N[(-1.0 - eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 + N[(-1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq 0.85:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{e^{\log 2 - x}}{2}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(1 + \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} - \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 - \varepsilon \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right) - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)\right) + e^{x \cdot \left(-1 - \varepsilon\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}\right)}{2}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if eps < 0.849999999999999978

    1. Initial program 70.0%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified70.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in eps around inf 99.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 81.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x}}}{2} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-181.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-x}}}{2} \]
    7. Simplified81.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 74.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cancel-sign-sub-inv74.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x} + \left(--1\right) \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
      2. neg-mul-174.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-x}} + \left(--1\right) \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      3. metadata-eval74.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-x} + \color{blue}{1} \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      4. *-lft-identity74.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-x} + \color{blue}{e^{-x}}}{2} \]
      5. count-274.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    10. Simplified74.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-exp-log74.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\log \left(2 \cdot e^{-x}\right)}}}{2} \]
      2. *-commutative74.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\log \color{blue}{\left(e^{-x} \cdot 2\right)}}}{2} \]
      3. log-prod74.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{-x}\right) + \log 2}}}{2} \]
      4. add-log-exp74.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} + \log 2}}{2} \]
    12. Applied egg-rr74.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\left(-x\right) + \log 2}}}{2} \]

    if 0.849999999999999978 < eps

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 48.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot {\left(1 - \varepsilon\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot {\left(1 - \varepsilon\right)}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 56.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\varepsilon \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot \left(1 + \left(-0.5 \cdot x + \varepsilon \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 + -0.3333333333333333 \cdot x\right)\right)\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot x - 0.5\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(0.5 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot x\right)\right) - 1}{\varepsilon}} + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right) - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 92.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\varepsilon + x \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \varepsilon - 0.5\right)\right) - 0.5\right)\right) - \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)} + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right) - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification79.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq 0.85:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{e^{\log 2 - x}}{2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(1 + \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} - \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 - \varepsilon \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right) - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)\right) + e^{x \cdot \left(-1 - \varepsilon\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}\right)}{2}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 81.2% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq 0.85:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-x}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(1 + \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} - \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 - \varepsilon \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right) - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)\right) + e^{x \cdot \left(-1 - \varepsilon\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}\right)}{2}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x eps)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= eps 0.85)
   (exp (- x))
   (/
    (+
     (+
      1.0
      (-
       (/ 1.0 eps)
       (*
        x
        (+
         (/ 1.0 eps)
         (-
          (* x (- 0.5 (- (* 0.5 (/ 1.0 eps)) (* eps (- 0.5 (* eps 0.5))))))
          eps)))))
     (* (exp (* x (- -1.0 eps))) (+ 1.0 (/ -1.0 eps))))
    2.0)))
double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (eps <= 0.85) {
		tmp = exp(-x);
	} else {
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (exp((x * (-1.0 - eps))) * (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps)))) / 2.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, eps)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: eps
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (eps <= 0.85d0) then
        tmp = exp(-x)
    else
        tmp = ((1.0d0 + ((1.0d0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0d0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5d0 - ((0.5d0 * (1.0d0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5d0 - (eps * 0.5d0)))))) - eps))))) + (exp((x * ((-1.0d0) - eps))) * (1.0d0 + ((-1.0d0) / eps)))) / 2.0d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (eps <= 0.85) {
		tmp = Math.exp(-x);
	} else {
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (Math.exp((x * (-1.0 - eps))) * (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps)))) / 2.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, eps):
	tmp = 0
	if eps <= 0.85:
		tmp = math.exp(-x)
	else:
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (math.exp((x * (-1.0 - eps))) * (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps)))) / 2.0
	return tmp
function code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (eps <= 0.85)
		tmp = exp(Float64(-x));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 + Float64(Float64(1.0 / eps) - Float64(x * Float64(Float64(1.0 / eps) + Float64(Float64(x * Float64(0.5 - Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(1.0 / eps)) - Float64(eps * Float64(0.5 - Float64(eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + Float64(exp(Float64(x * Float64(-1.0 - eps))) * Float64(1.0 + Float64(-1.0 / eps)))) / 2.0);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (eps <= 0.85)
		tmp = exp(-x);
	else
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (exp((x * (-1.0 - eps))) * (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps)))) / 2.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, eps_] := If[LessEqual[eps, 0.85], N[Exp[(-x)], $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(1.0 + N[(N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * N[(N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(x * N[(0.5 - N[(N[(0.5 * N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(eps * N[(0.5 - N[(eps * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Exp[N[(x * N[(-1.0 - eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 + N[(-1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq 0.85:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{-x}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(1 + \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} - \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 - \varepsilon \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right) - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)\right) + e^{x \cdot \left(-1 - \varepsilon\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}\right)}{2}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if eps < 0.849999999999999978

    1. Initial program 70.0%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified70.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in eps around inf 99.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 81.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x}}}{2} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-181.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-x}}}{2} \]
    7. Simplified81.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity81.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      2. exp-prod81.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      3. associate-*r*81.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      4. neg-mul-181.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr81.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. exp-1-e81.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\color{blue}{e}}^{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      2. distribute-lft-neg-in81.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\color{blue}{\left(-x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-neg-in81.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      4. sub-neg81.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-\varepsilon\right)\right)}\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      5. neg-mul-181.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-\left(1 + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \varepsilon}\right)\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      6. distribute-neg-in81.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1\right) + \left(--1 \cdot \varepsilon\right)\right)}\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      7. metadata-eval81.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-1} + \left(--1 \cdot \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      8. neg-mul-181.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\varepsilon\right)}\right)\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      9. remove-double-neg81.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \color{blue}{\varepsilon}\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    11. Simplified81.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    12. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 74.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \log e\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right)} \]
    13. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg74.7%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{\color{blue}{-x \cdot \log e}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right) \]
      2. log-E74.7%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-x \cdot \color{blue}{1}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right) \]
      3. distribute-lft-neg-out74.7%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot 1}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right) \]
      4. *-rgt-identity74.7%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{\color{blue}{-x}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right) \]
      5. *-lft-identity74.7%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{1 \cdot e^{-x}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-out--74.7%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{-x} \cdot \left(1 - -1\right)\right)} \]
      7. metadata-eval74.7%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-x} \cdot \color{blue}{2}\right) \]
      8. *-commutative74.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-x} \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.5} \]
      9. associate-*l*74.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{-x} \cdot \left(2 \cdot 0.5\right)} \]
      10. metadata-eval74.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{-x} \cdot \color{blue}{1} \]
      11. *-rgt-identity74.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{-x}} \]
    14. Simplified74.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{-x}} \]

    if 0.849999999999999978 < eps

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 48.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot {\left(1 - \varepsilon\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot {\left(1 - \varepsilon\right)}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 56.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\varepsilon \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot \left(1 + \left(-0.5 \cdot x + \varepsilon \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 + -0.3333333333333333 \cdot x\right)\right)\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot x - 0.5\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(0.5 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot x\right)\right) - 1}{\varepsilon}} + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right) - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 92.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\varepsilon + x \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \varepsilon - 0.5\right)\right) - 0.5\right)\right) - \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)} + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right) - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification79.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq 0.85:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-x}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(1 + \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} - \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 - \varepsilon \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right) - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)\right) + e^{x \cdot \left(-1 - \varepsilon\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}\right)}{2}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 81.1% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq 1000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-x}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{e^{x \cdot \left(-1 - \varepsilon\right)} + \left(1 + \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} - \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 - \varepsilon \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right) - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)\right)}{2}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x eps)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= eps 1000000000.0)
   (exp (- x))
   (/
    (+
     (exp (* x (- -1.0 eps)))
     (+
      1.0
      (-
       (/ 1.0 eps)
       (*
        x
        (+
         (/ 1.0 eps)
         (-
          (* x (- 0.5 (- (* 0.5 (/ 1.0 eps)) (* eps (- 0.5 (* eps 0.5))))))
          eps))))))
    2.0)))
double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (eps <= 1000000000.0) {
		tmp = exp(-x);
	} else {
		tmp = (exp((x * (-1.0 - eps))) + (1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps)))))) / 2.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, eps)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: eps
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (eps <= 1000000000.0d0) then
        tmp = exp(-x)
    else
        tmp = (exp((x * ((-1.0d0) - eps))) + (1.0d0 + ((1.0d0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0d0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5d0 - ((0.5d0 * (1.0d0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5d0 - (eps * 0.5d0)))))) - eps)))))) / 2.0d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (eps <= 1000000000.0) {
		tmp = Math.exp(-x);
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.exp((x * (-1.0 - eps))) + (1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps)))))) / 2.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, eps):
	tmp = 0
	if eps <= 1000000000.0:
		tmp = math.exp(-x)
	else:
		tmp = (math.exp((x * (-1.0 - eps))) + (1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps)))))) / 2.0
	return tmp
function code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (eps <= 1000000000.0)
		tmp = exp(Float64(-x));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(exp(Float64(x * Float64(-1.0 - eps))) + Float64(1.0 + Float64(Float64(1.0 / eps) - Float64(x * Float64(Float64(1.0 / eps) + Float64(Float64(x * Float64(0.5 - Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(1.0 / eps)) - Float64(eps * Float64(0.5 - Float64(eps * 0.5)))))) - eps)))))) / 2.0);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (eps <= 1000000000.0)
		tmp = exp(-x);
	else
		tmp = (exp((x * (-1.0 - eps))) + (1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps)))))) / 2.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, eps_] := If[LessEqual[eps, 1000000000.0], N[Exp[(-x)], $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Exp[N[(x * N[(-1.0 - eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 + N[(N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * N[(N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(x * N[(0.5 - N[(N[(0.5 * N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(eps * N[(0.5 - N[(eps * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq 1000000000:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{-x}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{e^{x \cdot \left(-1 - \varepsilon\right)} + \left(1 + \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} - \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 - \varepsilon \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right) - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)\right)}{2}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if eps < 1e9

    1. Initial program 71.0%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified71.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in eps around inf 99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 81.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x}}}{2} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-181.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-x}}}{2} \]
    7. Simplified81.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity81.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      2. exp-prod81.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      3. associate-*r*81.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      4. neg-mul-181.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr81.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. exp-1-e81.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\color{blue}{e}}^{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      2. distribute-lft-neg-in81.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\color{blue}{\left(-x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-neg-in81.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      4. sub-neg81.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-\varepsilon\right)\right)}\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      5. neg-mul-181.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-\left(1 + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \varepsilon}\right)\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      6. distribute-neg-in81.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1\right) + \left(--1 \cdot \varepsilon\right)\right)}\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      7. metadata-eval81.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-1} + \left(--1 \cdot \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      8. neg-mul-181.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\varepsilon\right)}\right)\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      9. remove-double-neg81.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \color{blue}{\varepsilon}\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    11. Simplified81.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    12. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 75.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \log e\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right)} \]
    13. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg75.0%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{\color{blue}{-x \cdot \log e}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right) \]
      2. log-E75.0%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-x \cdot \color{blue}{1}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right) \]
      3. distribute-lft-neg-out75.0%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot 1}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right) \]
      4. *-rgt-identity75.0%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{\color{blue}{-x}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right) \]
      5. *-lft-identity75.0%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{1 \cdot e^{-x}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-out--75.0%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{-x} \cdot \left(1 - -1\right)\right)} \]
      7. metadata-eval75.0%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-x} \cdot \color{blue}{2}\right) \]
      8. *-commutative75.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-x} \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.5} \]
      9. associate-*l*75.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{-x} \cdot \left(2 \cdot 0.5\right)} \]
      10. metadata-eval75.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{-x} \cdot \color{blue}{1} \]
      11. *-rgt-identity75.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{-x}} \]
    14. Simplified75.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{-x}} \]

    if 1e9 < eps

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 46.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot {\left(1 - \varepsilon\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot {\left(1 - \varepsilon\right)}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 56.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\varepsilon \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot \left(1 + \left(-0.5 \cdot x + \varepsilon \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 + -0.3333333333333333 \cdot x\right)\right)\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot x - 0.5\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(0.5 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot x\right)\right) - 1}{\varepsilon}} + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right) - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 91.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\varepsilon + x \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \varepsilon - 0.5\right)\right) - 0.5\right)\right) - \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)} + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right) - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in eps around inf 91.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \left(\left(\varepsilon + x \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \varepsilon - 0.5\right)\right) - 0.5\right)\right) - \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right) - \color{blue}{-1 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}}}{2} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification79.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq 1000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-x}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{e^{x \cdot \left(-1 - \varepsilon\right)} + \left(1 + \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} - \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 - \varepsilon \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right) - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)\right)}{2}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 79.2% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq 1.2 \cdot 10^{+23}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-x}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(1 + \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} - \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 - \varepsilon \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right) - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}\right)}{2}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x eps)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= eps 1.2e+23)
   (exp (- x))
   (/
    (+
     (+
      1.0
      (-
       (/ 1.0 eps)
       (*
        x
        (+
         (/ 1.0 eps)
         (-
          (* x (- 0.5 (- (* 0.5 (/ 1.0 eps)) (* eps (- 0.5 (* eps 0.5))))))
          eps)))))
     (+ 1.0 (/ -1.0 eps)))
    2.0)))
double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (eps <= 1.2e+23) {
		tmp = exp(-x);
	} else {
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps))) / 2.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, eps)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: eps
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (eps <= 1.2d+23) then
        tmp = exp(-x)
    else
        tmp = ((1.0d0 + ((1.0d0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0d0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5d0 - ((0.5d0 * (1.0d0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5d0 - (eps * 0.5d0)))))) - eps))))) + (1.0d0 + ((-1.0d0) / eps))) / 2.0d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (eps <= 1.2e+23) {
		tmp = Math.exp(-x);
	} else {
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps))) / 2.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, eps):
	tmp = 0
	if eps <= 1.2e+23:
		tmp = math.exp(-x)
	else:
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps))) / 2.0
	return tmp
function code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (eps <= 1.2e+23)
		tmp = exp(Float64(-x));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 + Float64(Float64(1.0 / eps) - Float64(x * Float64(Float64(1.0 / eps) + Float64(Float64(x * Float64(0.5 - Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(1.0 / eps)) - Float64(eps * Float64(0.5 - Float64(eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + Float64(1.0 + Float64(-1.0 / eps))) / 2.0);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (eps <= 1.2e+23)
		tmp = exp(-x);
	else
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps))) / 2.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, eps_] := If[LessEqual[eps, 1.2e+23], N[Exp[(-x)], $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(1.0 + N[(N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * N[(N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(x * N[(0.5 - N[(N[(0.5 * N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(eps * N[(0.5 - N[(eps * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 + N[(-1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq 1.2 \cdot 10^{+23}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{-x}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(1 + \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} - \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 - \varepsilon \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right) - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}\right)}{2}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if eps < 1.2e23

    1. Initial program 71.4%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified71.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in eps around inf 99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 81.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x}}}{2} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-181.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-x}}}{2} \]
    7. Simplified81.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity81.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      2. exp-prod81.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      3. associate-*r*81.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      4. neg-mul-181.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr81.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. exp-1-e81.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\color{blue}{e}}^{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      2. distribute-lft-neg-in81.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\color{blue}{\left(-x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-neg-in81.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      4. sub-neg81.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-\varepsilon\right)\right)}\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      5. neg-mul-181.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-\left(1 + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \varepsilon}\right)\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      6. distribute-neg-in81.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1\right) + \left(--1 \cdot \varepsilon\right)\right)}\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      7. metadata-eval81.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-1} + \left(--1 \cdot \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      8. neg-mul-181.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\varepsilon\right)}\right)\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      9. remove-double-neg81.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \color{blue}{\varepsilon}\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    11. Simplified81.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    12. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 75.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \log e\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right)} \]
    13. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg75.4%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{\color{blue}{-x \cdot \log e}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right) \]
      2. log-E75.4%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-x \cdot \color{blue}{1}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right) \]
      3. distribute-lft-neg-out75.4%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot 1}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right) \]
      4. *-rgt-identity75.4%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{\color{blue}{-x}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right) \]
      5. *-lft-identity75.4%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{1 \cdot e^{-x}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-out--75.4%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{-x} \cdot \left(1 - -1\right)\right)} \]
      7. metadata-eval75.4%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-x} \cdot \color{blue}{2}\right) \]
      8. *-commutative75.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-x} \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.5} \]
      9. associate-*l*75.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{-x} \cdot \left(2 \cdot 0.5\right)} \]
      10. metadata-eval75.4%

        \[\leadsto e^{-x} \cdot \color{blue}{1} \]
      11. *-rgt-identity75.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{-x}} \]
    14. Simplified75.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{-x}} \]

    if 1.2e23 < eps

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 47.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot {\left(1 - \varepsilon\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot {\left(1 - \varepsilon\right)}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 54.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\varepsilon \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot \left(1 + \left(-0.5 \cdot x + \varepsilon \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 + -0.3333333333333333 \cdot x\right)\right)\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot x - 0.5\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(0.5 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot x\right)\right) - 1}{\varepsilon}} + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right) - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 91.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\varepsilon + x \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \varepsilon - 0.5\right)\right) - 0.5\right)\right) - \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)} + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right) - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in x around 0 83.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \left(\left(\varepsilon + x \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \varepsilon - 0.5\right)\right) - 0.5\right)\right) - \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right)}}{2} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification77.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq 1.2 \cdot 10^{+23}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-x}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(1 + \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} - \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 - \varepsilon \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right) - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}\right)}{2}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 63.4% accurate, 5.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq 4.6 \cdot 10^{+21}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 + x \cdot \left(-1 + x \cdot \left(0.5 + x \cdot -0.16666666666666666\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(1 + \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} - \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 - \varepsilon \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right) - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}\right)}{2}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x eps)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= eps 4.6e+21)
   (+ 1.0 (* x (+ -1.0 (* x (+ 0.5 (* x -0.16666666666666666))))))
   (/
    (+
     (+
      1.0
      (-
       (/ 1.0 eps)
       (*
        x
        (+
         (/ 1.0 eps)
         (-
          (* x (- 0.5 (- (* 0.5 (/ 1.0 eps)) (* eps (- 0.5 (* eps 0.5))))))
          eps)))))
     (+ 1.0 (/ -1.0 eps)))
    2.0)))
double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (eps <= 4.6e+21) {
		tmp = 1.0 + (x * (-1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666)))));
	} else {
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps))) / 2.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, eps)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: eps
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (eps <= 4.6d+21) then
        tmp = 1.0d0 + (x * ((-1.0d0) + (x * (0.5d0 + (x * (-0.16666666666666666d0))))))
    else
        tmp = ((1.0d0 + ((1.0d0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0d0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5d0 - ((0.5d0 * (1.0d0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5d0 - (eps * 0.5d0)))))) - eps))))) + (1.0d0 + ((-1.0d0) / eps))) / 2.0d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (eps <= 4.6e+21) {
		tmp = 1.0 + (x * (-1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666)))));
	} else {
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps))) / 2.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, eps):
	tmp = 0
	if eps <= 4.6e+21:
		tmp = 1.0 + (x * (-1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666)))))
	else:
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps))) / 2.0
	return tmp
function code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (eps <= 4.6e+21)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(-1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(0.5 + Float64(x * -0.16666666666666666))))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 + Float64(Float64(1.0 / eps) - Float64(x * Float64(Float64(1.0 / eps) + Float64(Float64(x * Float64(0.5 - Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(1.0 / eps)) - Float64(eps * Float64(0.5 - Float64(eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + Float64(1.0 + Float64(-1.0 / eps))) / 2.0);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (eps <= 4.6e+21)
		tmp = 1.0 + (x * (-1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666)))));
	else
		tmp = ((1.0 + ((1.0 / eps) - (x * ((1.0 / eps) + ((x * (0.5 - ((0.5 * (1.0 / eps)) - (eps * (0.5 - (eps * 0.5)))))) - eps))))) + (1.0 + (-1.0 / eps))) / 2.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, eps_] := If[LessEqual[eps, 4.6e+21], N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(-1.0 + N[(x * N[(0.5 + N[(x * -0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(1.0 + N[(N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * N[(N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(x * N[(0.5 - N[(N[(0.5 * N[(1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(eps * N[(0.5 - N[(eps * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 + N[(-1.0 / eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq 4.6 \cdot 10^{+21}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 + x \cdot \left(-1 + x \cdot \left(0.5 + x \cdot -0.16666666666666666\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(1 + \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} - \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 - \varepsilon \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right) - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}\right)}{2}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if eps < 4.6e21

    1. Initial program 71.4%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified71.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in eps around inf 99.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 81.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x}}}{2} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-181.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-x}}}{2} \]
    7. Simplified81.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 75.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cancel-sign-sub-inv75.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x} + \left(--1\right) \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
      2. neg-mul-175.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-x}} + \left(--1\right) \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      3. metadata-eval75.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-x} + \color{blue}{1} \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      4. *-lft-identity75.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-x} + \color{blue}{e^{-x}}}{2} \]
      5. count-275.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    10. Simplified75.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in x around 0 53.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot x\right) - 1\right)} \]

    if 4.6e21 < eps

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 47.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot {\left(1 - \varepsilon\right)}^{3}\right)\right) + 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot {\left(1 - \varepsilon\right)}^{2}\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 54.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\varepsilon \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot \left(1 + \left(-0.5 \cdot x + \varepsilon \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 + -0.3333333333333333 \cdot x\right)\right)\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot x - 0.5\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(0.5 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot x\right)\right) - 1}{\varepsilon}} + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right) - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 91.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\varepsilon + x \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \varepsilon - 0.5\right)\right) - 0.5\right)\right) - \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)} + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right) - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in x around 0 83.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot \left(\left(\varepsilon + x \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \varepsilon - 0.5\right)\right) - 0.5\right)\right) - \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right)\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right)}}{2} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification61.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq 4.6 \cdot 10^{+21}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 + x \cdot \left(-1 + x \cdot \left(0.5 + x \cdot -0.16666666666666666\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(1 + \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\varepsilon} - \varepsilon \cdot \left(0.5 - \varepsilon \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right) - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}\right)}{2}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 66.0% accurate, 12.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 1.56:\\ \;\;\;\;1 + x \cdot \left(-1 + x \cdot \left(0.5 + x \cdot -0.16666666666666666\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x eps)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x 1.56)
   (+ 1.0 (* x (+ -1.0 (* x (+ 0.5 (* x -0.16666666666666666))))))
   0.0))
double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 1.56) {
		tmp = 1.0 + (x * (-1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666)))));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, eps)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: eps
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= 1.56d0) then
        tmp = 1.0d0 + (x * ((-1.0d0) + (x * (0.5d0 + (x * (-0.16666666666666666d0))))))
    else
        tmp = 0.0d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 1.56) {
		tmp = 1.0 + (x * (-1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666)))));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, eps):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= 1.56:
		tmp = 1.0 + (x * (-1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666)))))
	else:
		tmp = 0.0
	return tmp
function code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= 1.56)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(-1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(0.5 + Float64(x * -0.16666666666666666))))));
	else
		tmp = 0.0;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= 1.56)
		tmp = 1.0 + (x * (-1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666)))));
	else
		tmp = 0.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, eps_] := If[LessEqual[x, 1.56], N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(-1.0 + N[(x * N[(0.5 + N[(x * -0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.0]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 1.56:\\
\;\;\;\;1 + x \cdot \left(-1 + x \cdot \left(0.5 + x \cdot -0.16666666666666666\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < 1.5600000000000001

    1. Initial program 70.2%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified70.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in eps around inf 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 88.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x}}}{2} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-188.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-x}}}{2} \]
    7. Simplified88.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 75.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cancel-sign-sub-inv75.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x} + \left(--1\right) \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
      2. neg-mul-175.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-x}} + \left(--1\right) \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      3. metadata-eval75.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-x} + \color{blue}{1} \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      4. *-lft-identity75.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-x} + \color{blue}{e^{-x}}}{2} \]
      5. count-275.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    10. Simplified75.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in x around 0 69.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot x\right) - 1\right)} \]

    if 1.5600000000000001 < x

    1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}, {\left(e^{x}\right)}^{\left(\varepsilon + -1\right)}, \frac{1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}}{e^{\mathsf{fma}\left(\varepsilon, x, x\right)}}\right)}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 50.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{e^{-1 \cdot x} - \frac{1}{e^{x}}}{\varepsilon}}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 51.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification64.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 1.56:\\ \;\;\;\;1 + x \cdot \left(-1 + x \cdot \left(0.5 + x \cdot -0.16666666666666666\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 63.9% accurate, 16.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 550:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 + x \cdot \left(x - 2\right)}{2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x eps)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x 550.0) (/ (+ 2.0 (* x (- x 2.0))) 2.0) 0.0))
double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 550.0) {
		tmp = (2.0 + (x * (x - 2.0))) / 2.0;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, eps)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: eps
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= 550.0d0) then
        tmp = (2.0d0 + (x * (x - 2.0d0))) / 2.0d0
    else
        tmp = 0.0d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 550.0) {
		tmp = (2.0 + (x * (x - 2.0))) / 2.0;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, eps):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= 550.0:
		tmp = (2.0 + (x * (x - 2.0))) / 2.0
	else:
		tmp = 0.0
	return tmp
function code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= 550.0)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(2.0 + Float64(x * Float64(x - 2.0))) / 2.0);
	else
		tmp = 0.0;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= 550.0)
		tmp = (2.0 + (x * (x - 2.0))) / 2.0;
	else
		tmp = 0.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, eps_] := If[LessEqual[x, 550.0], N[(N[(2.0 + N[(x * N[(x - 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision], 0.0]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 550:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{2 + x \cdot \left(x - 2\right)}{2}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < 550

    1. Initial program 70.3%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified70.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in eps around inf 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 87.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x}}}{2} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-187.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-x}}}{2} \]
    7. Simplified87.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 74.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cancel-sign-sub-inv74.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x} + \left(--1\right) \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
      2. neg-mul-174.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-x}} + \left(--1\right) \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      3. metadata-eval74.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-x} + \color{blue}{1} \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      4. *-lft-identity74.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-x} + \color{blue}{e^{-x}}}{2} \]
      5. count-274.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    10. Simplified74.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in x around 0 62.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2 + x \cdot \left(x - 2\right)}}{2} \]

    if 550 < x

    1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}, {\left(e^{x}\right)}^{\left(\varepsilon + -1\right)}, \frac{1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}}{e^{\mathsf{fma}\left(\varepsilon, x, x\right)}}\right)}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 51.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{e^{-1 \cdot x} - \frac{1}{e^{x}}}{\varepsilon}}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 52.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 57.2% accurate, 28.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 1:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x eps) :precision binary64 (if (<= x 1.0) (- 1.0 x) 0.0))
double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 1.0) {
		tmp = 1.0 - x;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, eps)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: eps
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= 1.0d0) then
        tmp = 1.0d0 - x
    else
        tmp = 0.0d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 1.0) {
		tmp = 1.0 - x;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, eps):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= 1.0:
		tmp = 1.0 - x
	else:
		tmp = 0.0
	return tmp
function code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= 1.0)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 - x);
	else
		tmp = 0.0;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= 1.0)
		tmp = 1.0 - x;
	else
		tmp = 0.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, eps_] := If[LessEqual[x, 1.0], N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision], 0.0]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 1:\\
\;\;\;\;1 - x\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < 1

    1. Initial program 70.2%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified70.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in eps around inf 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 88.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x}}}{2} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-188.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-x}}}{2} \]
    7. Simplified88.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 75.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cancel-sign-sub-inv75.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x} + \left(--1\right) \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
      2. neg-mul-175.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-x}} + \left(--1\right) \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      3. metadata-eval75.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-x} + \color{blue}{1} \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      4. *-lft-identity75.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-x} + \color{blue}{e^{-x}}}{2} \]
      5. count-275.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    10. Simplified75.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in x around 0 52.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + -1 \cdot x} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-152.2%

        \[\leadsto 1 + \color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \]
      2. unsub-neg52.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - x} \]
    13. Simplified52.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - x} \]

    if 1 < x

    1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}, {\left(e^{x}\right)}^{\left(\varepsilon + -1\right)}, \frac{1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}}{e^{\mathsf{fma}\left(\varepsilon, x, x\right)}}\right)}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 50.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{e^{-1 \cdot x} - \frac{1}{e^{x}}}{\varepsilon}}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 51.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 57.2% accurate, 37.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 550:\\ \;\;\;\;1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x eps) :precision binary64 (if (<= x 550.0) 1.0 0.0))
double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 550.0) {
		tmp = 1.0;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, eps)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: eps
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= 550.0d0) then
        tmp = 1.0d0
    else
        tmp = 0.0d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double eps) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 550.0) {
		tmp = 1.0;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, eps):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= 550.0:
		tmp = 1.0
	else:
		tmp = 0.0
	return tmp
function code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= 550.0)
		tmp = 1.0;
	else
		tmp = 0.0;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= 550.0)
		tmp = 1.0;
	else
		tmp = 0.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, eps_] := If[LessEqual[x, 550.0], 1.0, 0.0]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 550:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < 550

    1. Initial program 70.3%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified70.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} + -1\right) \cdot e^{\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in eps around inf 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 87.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot x}}}{2} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-187.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-x}}}{2} \]
    7. Simplified87.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-x}}}{2} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity87.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      2. exp-prod87.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      3. associate-*r*87.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      4. neg-mul-187.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr87.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. exp-1-e87.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\color{blue}{e}}^{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      2. distribute-lft-neg-in87.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\color{blue}{\left(-x \cdot \left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-neg-in87.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      4. sub-neg87.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-\varepsilon\right)\right)}\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      5. neg-mul-187.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-\left(1 + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \varepsilon}\right)\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      6. distribute-neg-in87.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1\right) + \left(--1 \cdot \varepsilon\right)\right)}\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      7. metadata-eval87.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-1} + \left(--1 \cdot \varepsilon\right)\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      8. neg-mul-187.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\varepsilon\right)}\right)\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
      9. remove-double-neg87.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \color{blue}{\varepsilon}\right)\right)} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    11. Simplified87.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{e}^{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 + \varepsilon\right)\right)}} - -1 \cdot e^{-x}}{2} \]
    12. Taylor expanded in x around 0 51.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \]

    if 550 < x

    1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
    2. Simplified99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}, {\left(e^{x}\right)}^{\left(\varepsilon + -1\right)}, \frac{1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}}{e^{\mathsf{fma}\left(\varepsilon, x, x\right)}}\right)}{2}} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 51.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{e^{-1 \cdot x} - \frac{1}{e^{x}}}{\varepsilon}}}{2} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 52.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 15.8% accurate, 227.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x eps) :precision binary64 0.0)
double code(double x, double eps) {
	return 0.0;
}
real(8) function code(x, eps)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: eps
    code = 0.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x, double eps) {
	return 0.0;
}
def code(x, eps):
	return 0.0
function code(x, eps)
	return 0.0
end
function tmp = code(x, eps)
	tmp = 0.0;
end
code[x_, eps_] := 0.0
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 78.6%

    \[\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 - \varepsilon\right) \cdot x} - \left(\frac{1}{\varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot e^{-\left(1 + \varepsilon\right) \cdot x}}{2} \]
  2. Simplified68.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 + \frac{1}{\varepsilon}, {\left(e^{x}\right)}^{\left(\varepsilon + -1\right)}, \frac{1 + \frac{-1}{\varepsilon}}{e^{\mathsf{fma}\left(\varepsilon, x, x\right)}}\right)}{2}} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Taylor expanded in eps around 0 16.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{e^{-1 \cdot x} - \frac{1}{e^{x}}}{\varepsilon}}}{2} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 16.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024185 
(FPCore (x eps)
  :name "NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, A"
  :precision binary64
  (/ (- (* (+ 1.0 (/ 1.0 eps)) (exp (- (* (- 1.0 eps) x)))) (* (- (/ 1.0 eps) 1.0) (exp (- (* (+ 1.0 eps) x))))) 2.0))