b from scale-rotated-ellipse

Percentage Accurate: 0.1% → 44.0%
Time: 1.2min
Alternatives: 3
Speedup: 2757.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\ t_1 := \sin t\_0\\ t_2 := \cos t\_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\ t_5 := \left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\\ t_6 := \frac{4 \cdot t\_5}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\\ \frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot t\_6\right) \cdot t\_5\right) \cdot \left(\left(t\_4 + t\_3\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_4 - t\_3\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{t\_6} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))
        (t_1 (sin t_0))
        (t_2 (cos t_0))
        (t_3
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale))
        (t_4
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale))
        (t_5 (* (* b a) (* b (- a))))
        (t_6 (/ (* 4.0 t_5) (pow (* x-scale y-scale) 2.0))))
   (/
    (-
     (sqrt
      (*
       (* (* 2.0 t_6) t_5)
       (-
        (+ t_4 t_3)
        (sqrt
         (+
          (pow (- t_4 t_3) 2.0)
          (pow
           (/
            (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_1) t_2) x-scale)
            y-scale)
           2.0)))))))
    t_6)))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * ((double) M_PI);
	double t_1 = sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	double t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a);
	double t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / pow((x_45_scale * y_45_scale), 2.0);
	return -sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - sqrt((pow((t_4 - t_3), 2.0) + pow((((((2.0 * (pow(b, 2.0) - pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale), 2.0)))))) / t_6;
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * Math.PI;
	double t_1 = Math.sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((Math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((Math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	double t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a);
	double t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / Math.pow((x_45_scale * y_45_scale), 2.0);
	return -Math.sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - Math.sqrt((Math.pow((t_4 - t_3), 2.0) + Math.pow((((((2.0 * (Math.pow(b, 2.0) - Math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale), 2.0)))))) / t_6;
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * math.pi
	t_1 = math.sin(t_0)
	t_2 = math.cos(t_0)
	t_3 = ((math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	t_4 = ((math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale
	t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a)
	t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / math.pow((x_45_scale * y_45_scale), 2.0)
	return -math.sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - math.sqrt((math.pow((t_4 - t_3), 2.0) + math.pow((((((2.0 * (math.pow(b, 2.0) - math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale), 2.0)))))) / t_6
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(angle / 180.0) * pi)
	t_1 = sin(t_0)
	t_2 = cos(t_0)
	t_3 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	t_4 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)
	t_5 = Float64(Float64(b * a) * Float64(b * Float64(-a)))
	t_6 = Float64(Float64(4.0 * t_5) / (Float64(x_45_scale * y_45_scale) ^ 2.0))
	return Float64(Float64(-sqrt(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * Float64(Float64(t_4 + t_3) - sqrt(Float64((Float64(t_4 - t_3) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale) ^ 2.0))))))) / t_6)
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * pi;
	t_1 = sin(t_0);
	t_2 = cos(t_0);
	t_3 = ((((a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	t_4 = ((((a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a);
	t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / ((x_45_scale * y_45_scale) ^ 2.0);
	tmp = -sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - sqrt((((t_4 - t_3) ^ 2.0) + ((((((2.0 * ((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale) ^ 2.0)))))) / t_6;
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$4 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$5 = N[(N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b * (-a)), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$6 = N[(N[(4.0 * t$95$5), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[N[(x$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[((-N[Sqrt[N[(N[(N[(2.0 * t$95$6), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$5), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(t$95$4 + t$95$3), $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(t$95$4 - t$95$3), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]) / t$95$6), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := \sin t\_0\\
t_2 := \cos t\_0\\
t_3 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\
t_5 := \left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\\
t_6 := \frac{4 \cdot t\_5}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\\
\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot t\_6\right) \cdot t\_5\right) \cdot \left(\left(t\_4 + t\_3\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_4 - t\_3\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{t\_6}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 3 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 0.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\ t_1 := \sin t\_0\\ t_2 := \cos t\_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\ t_5 := \left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\\ t_6 := \frac{4 \cdot t\_5}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\\ \frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot t\_6\right) \cdot t\_5\right) \cdot \left(\left(t\_4 + t\_3\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_4 - t\_3\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{t\_6} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))
        (t_1 (sin t_0))
        (t_2 (cos t_0))
        (t_3
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale))
        (t_4
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale))
        (t_5 (* (* b a) (* b (- a))))
        (t_6 (/ (* 4.0 t_5) (pow (* x-scale y-scale) 2.0))))
   (/
    (-
     (sqrt
      (*
       (* (* 2.0 t_6) t_5)
       (-
        (+ t_4 t_3)
        (sqrt
         (+
          (pow (- t_4 t_3) 2.0)
          (pow
           (/
            (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_1) t_2) x-scale)
            y-scale)
           2.0)))))))
    t_6)))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * ((double) M_PI);
	double t_1 = sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	double t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a);
	double t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / pow((x_45_scale * y_45_scale), 2.0);
	return -sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - sqrt((pow((t_4 - t_3), 2.0) + pow((((((2.0 * (pow(b, 2.0) - pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale), 2.0)))))) / t_6;
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * Math.PI;
	double t_1 = Math.sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((Math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((Math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	double t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a);
	double t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / Math.pow((x_45_scale * y_45_scale), 2.0);
	return -Math.sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - Math.sqrt((Math.pow((t_4 - t_3), 2.0) + Math.pow((((((2.0 * (Math.pow(b, 2.0) - Math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale), 2.0)))))) / t_6;
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * math.pi
	t_1 = math.sin(t_0)
	t_2 = math.cos(t_0)
	t_3 = ((math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	t_4 = ((math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale
	t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a)
	t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / math.pow((x_45_scale * y_45_scale), 2.0)
	return -math.sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - math.sqrt((math.pow((t_4 - t_3), 2.0) + math.pow((((((2.0 * (math.pow(b, 2.0) - math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale), 2.0)))))) / t_6
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(angle / 180.0) * pi)
	t_1 = sin(t_0)
	t_2 = cos(t_0)
	t_3 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	t_4 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)
	t_5 = Float64(Float64(b * a) * Float64(b * Float64(-a)))
	t_6 = Float64(Float64(4.0 * t_5) / (Float64(x_45_scale * y_45_scale) ^ 2.0))
	return Float64(Float64(-sqrt(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * Float64(Float64(t_4 + t_3) - sqrt(Float64((Float64(t_4 - t_3) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale) ^ 2.0))))))) / t_6)
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * pi;
	t_1 = sin(t_0);
	t_2 = cos(t_0);
	t_3 = ((((a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	t_4 = ((((a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a);
	t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / ((x_45_scale * y_45_scale) ^ 2.0);
	tmp = -sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - sqrt((((t_4 - t_3) ^ 2.0) + ((((((2.0 * ((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale) ^ 2.0)))))) / t_6;
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$4 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$5 = N[(N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b * (-a)), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$6 = N[(N[(4.0 * t$95$5), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[N[(x$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[((-N[Sqrt[N[(N[(N[(2.0 * t$95$6), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$5), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(t$95$4 + t$95$3), $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(t$95$4 - t$95$3), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]) / t$95$6), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := \sin t\_0\\
t_2 := \cos t\_0\\
t_3 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\
t_5 := \left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\\
t_6 := \frac{4 \cdot t\_5}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\\
\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot t\_6\right) \cdot t\_5\right) \cdot \left(\left(t\_4 + t\_3\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_4 - t\_3\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{t\_6}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 44.0% accurate, 6.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ b_m = \left|b\right| \\ x-scale_m = \left|x-scale\right| \\ y-scale_m = \left|y-scale\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b\_m \leq 1.3 \cdot 10^{+38}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.25 \cdot \left(\left(y-scale\_m \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \cdot \sqrt{{b\_m}^{2} + {b\_m}^{2}}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a\_m \cdot x-scale\_m\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
b_m = (fabs.f64 b)
x-scale_m = (fabs.f64 x-scale)
y-scale_m = (fabs.f64 y-scale)
(FPCore (a_m b_m angle x-scale_m y-scale_m)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b_m 1.3e+38)
   (* 0.25 (* (* y-scale_m (sqrt 8.0)) (sqrt (+ (pow b_m 2.0) (pow b_m 2.0)))))
   (* a_m x-scale_m)))
a_m = fabs(a);
b_m = fabs(b);
x-scale_m = fabs(x_45_scale);
y-scale_m = fabs(y_45_scale);
double code(double a_m, double b_m, double angle, double x_45_scale_m, double y_45_scale_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (b_m <= 1.3e+38) {
		tmp = 0.25 * ((y_45_scale_m * sqrt(8.0)) * sqrt((pow(b_m, 2.0) + pow(b_m, 2.0))));
	} else {
		tmp = a_m * x_45_scale_m;
	}
	return tmp;
}
a_m = abs(a)
b_m = abs(b)
x-scale_m = abs(x_45scale)
y-scale_m = abs(y_45scale)
real(8) function code(a_m, b_m, angle, x_45scale_m, y_45scale_m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: b_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: angle
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale_m
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (b_m <= 1.3d+38) then
        tmp = 0.25d0 * ((y_45scale_m * sqrt(8.0d0)) * sqrt(((b_m ** 2.0d0) + (b_m ** 2.0d0))))
    else
        tmp = a_m * x_45scale_m
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
a_m = Math.abs(a);
b_m = Math.abs(b);
x-scale_m = Math.abs(x_45_scale);
y-scale_m = Math.abs(y_45_scale);
public static double code(double a_m, double b_m, double angle, double x_45_scale_m, double y_45_scale_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (b_m <= 1.3e+38) {
		tmp = 0.25 * ((y_45_scale_m * Math.sqrt(8.0)) * Math.sqrt((Math.pow(b_m, 2.0) + Math.pow(b_m, 2.0))));
	} else {
		tmp = a_m * x_45_scale_m;
	}
	return tmp;
}
a_m = math.fabs(a)
b_m = math.fabs(b)
x-scale_m = math.fabs(x_45_scale)
y-scale_m = math.fabs(y_45_scale)
def code(a_m, b_m, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m):
	tmp = 0
	if b_m <= 1.3e+38:
		tmp = 0.25 * ((y_45_scale_m * math.sqrt(8.0)) * math.sqrt((math.pow(b_m, 2.0) + math.pow(b_m, 2.0))))
	else:
		tmp = a_m * x_45_scale_m
	return tmp
a_m = abs(a)
b_m = abs(b)
x-scale_m = abs(x_45_scale)
y-scale_m = abs(y_45_scale)
function code(a_m, b_m, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b_m <= 1.3e+38)
		tmp = Float64(0.25 * Float64(Float64(y_45_scale_m * sqrt(8.0)) * sqrt(Float64((b_m ^ 2.0) + (b_m ^ 2.0)))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(a_m * x_45_scale_m);
	end
	return tmp
end
a_m = abs(a);
b_m = abs(b);
x-scale_m = abs(x_45_scale);
y-scale_m = abs(y_45_scale);
function tmp_2 = code(a_m, b_m, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b_m <= 1.3e+38)
		tmp = 0.25 * ((y_45_scale_m * sqrt(8.0)) * sqrt(((b_m ^ 2.0) + (b_m ^ 2.0))));
	else
		tmp = a_m * x_45_scale_m;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
b_m = N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]
x-scale_m = N[Abs[x$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]
y-scale_m = N[Abs[y$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]
code[a$95$m_, b$95$m_, angle_, x$45$scale$95$m_, y$45$scale$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[b$95$m, 1.3e+38], N[(0.25 * N[(N[(y$45$scale$95$m * N[Sqrt[8.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[b$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[b$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(a$95$m * x$45$scale$95$m), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
a_m = \left|a\right|
\\
b_m = \left|b\right|
\\
x-scale_m = \left|x-scale\right|
\\
y-scale_m = \left|y-scale\right|

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b\_m \leq 1.3 \cdot 10^{+38}:\\
\;\;\;\;0.25 \cdot \left(\left(y-scale\_m \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \cdot \sqrt{{b\_m}^{2} + {b\_m}^{2}}\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;a\_m \cdot x-scale\_m\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < 1.3e38

    1. Initial program 0.1%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in x-scale around inf 1.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right) - 0.5 \cdot \frac{-2 \cdot \left(\left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)\right) + 4 \cdot \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot \left({\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)}^{2}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}}}\right)} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in angle around 0 29.1%

      \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{{b}^{2} - -1 \cdot {b}^{2}}}\right) \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg29.1%

        \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \cdot \sqrt{{b}^{2} - \color{blue}{\left(-{b}^{2}\right)}}\right) \]
    6. Simplified29.1%

      \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{{b}^{2} - \left(-{b}^{2}\right)}}\right) \]

    if 1.3e38 < b

    1. Initial program 0.0%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0 31.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*31.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*31.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]
    5. Simplified31.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow131.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)}^{1}} \]
      2. associate-*l*31.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)}}^{1} \]
      3. *-commutative31.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right)}^{1} \]
      4. sqrt-unprod31.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{8 \cdot 2}}\right)}^{1} \]
      5. metadata-eval31.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{16}}\right)}^{1} \]
      6. metadata-eval31.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{4}\right)}^{1} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr31.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(x-scale \cdot 4\right)}^{1}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow131.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot 4\right)} \]
    9. Simplified31.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot 4\right)} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in a around 0 31.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot x-scale} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification29.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.3 \cdot 10^{+38}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.25 \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \cdot \sqrt{{b}^{2} + {b}^{2}}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot x-scale\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 43.3% accurate, 344.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ b_m = \left|b\right| \\ x-scale_m = \left|x-scale\right| \\ y-scale_m = \left|y-scale\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y-scale\_m \leq 1.02 \cdot 10^{-72}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a\_m \cdot x-scale\_m\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
b_m = (fabs.f64 b)
x-scale_m = (fabs.f64 x-scale)
y-scale_m = (fabs.f64 y-scale)
(FPCore (a_m b_m angle x-scale_m y-scale_m)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= y-scale_m 1.02e-72) 0.0 (* a_m x-scale_m)))
a_m = fabs(a);
b_m = fabs(b);
x-scale_m = fabs(x_45_scale);
y-scale_m = fabs(y_45_scale);
double code(double a_m, double b_m, double angle, double x_45_scale_m, double y_45_scale_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (y_45_scale_m <= 1.02e-72) {
		tmp = 0.0;
	} else {
		tmp = a_m * x_45_scale_m;
	}
	return tmp;
}
a_m = abs(a)
b_m = abs(b)
x-scale_m = abs(x_45scale)
y-scale_m = abs(y_45scale)
real(8) function code(a_m, b_m, angle, x_45scale_m, y_45scale_m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: b_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: angle
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale_m
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (y_45scale_m <= 1.02d-72) then
        tmp = 0.0d0
    else
        tmp = a_m * x_45scale_m
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
a_m = Math.abs(a);
b_m = Math.abs(b);
x-scale_m = Math.abs(x_45_scale);
y-scale_m = Math.abs(y_45_scale);
public static double code(double a_m, double b_m, double angle, double x_45_scale_m, double y_45_scale_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (y_45_scale_m <= 1.02e-72) {
		tmp = 0.0;
	} else {
		tmp = a_m * x_45_scale_m;
	}
	return tmp;
}
a_m = math.fabs(a)
b_m = math.fabs(b)
x-scale_m = math.fabs(x_45_scale)
y-scale_m = math.fabs(y_45_scale)
def code(a_m, b_m, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m):
	tmp = 0
	if y_45_scale_m <= 1.02e-72:
		tmp = 0.0
	else:
		tmp = a_m * x_45_scale_m
	return tmp
a_m = abs(a)
b_m = abs(b)
x-scale_m = abs(x_45_scale)
y-scale_m = abs(y_45_scale)
function code(a_m, b_m, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y_45_scale_m <= 1.02e-72)
		tmp = 0.0;
	else
		tmp = Float64(a_m * x_45_scale_m);
	end
	return tmp
end
a_m = abs(a);
b_m = abs(b);
x-scale_m = abs(x_45_scale);
y-scale_m = abs(y_45_scale);
function tmp_2 = code(a_m, b_m, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (y_45_scale_m <= 1.02e-72)
		tmp = 0.0;
	else
		tmp = a_m * x_45_scale_m;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
b_m = N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]
x-scale_m = N[Abs[x$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]
y-scale_m = N[Abs[y$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]
code[a$95$m_, b$95$m_, angle_, x$45$scale$95$m_, y$45$scale$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[y$45$scale$95$m, 1.02e-72], 0.0, N[(a$95$m * x$45$scale$95$m), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
a_m = \left|a\right|
\\
b_m = \left|b\right|
\\
x-scale_m = \left|x-scale\right|
\\
y-scale_m = \left|y-scale\right|

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y-scale\_m \leq 1.02 \cdot 10^{-72}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;a\_m \cdot x-scale\_m\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if y-scale < 1.02e-72

    1. Initial program 0.1%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in a around inf 1.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\left(\frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} + {\left(\frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} - \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}^{2}}}\right)} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in x-scale around inf 4.8%

      \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} - 0.5 \cdot \frac{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + 4 \cdot \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}}{{x-scale}^{2}}}}\right) \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Simplified5.8%

        \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} - 0.5 \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \frac{\left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right) \cdot 2}{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2}}}}\right) \]
      2. Taylor expanded in a around 0 34.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]

      if 1.02e-72 < y-scale

      1. Initial program 0.1%

        \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0 30.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)\right)} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-*r*30.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \]
        2. associate-*r*30.1%

          \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]
      5. Simplified30.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. pow130.1%

          \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)}^{1}} \]
        2. associate-*l*30.0%

          \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)}}^{1} \]
        3. *-commutative30.0%

          \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right)}^{1} \]
        4. sqrt-unprod30.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{8 \cdot 2}}\right)}^{1} \]
        5. metadata-eval30.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{16}}\right)}^{1} \]
        6. metadata-eval30.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{4}\right)}^{1} \]
      7. Applied egg-rr30.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(x-scale \cdot 4\right)}^{1}} \]
      8. Step-by-step derivation
        1. unpow130.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot 4\right)} \]
      9. Simplified30.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot 4\right)} \]
      10. Taylor expanded in a around 0 30.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot x-scale} \]
    6. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    7. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 3: 32.8% accurate, 2757.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ b_m = \left|b\right| \\ x-scale_m = \left|x-scale\right| \\ y-scale_m = \left|y-scale\right| \\ 0 \end{array} \]
    a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
    b_m = (fabs.f64 b)
    x-scale_m = (fabs.f64 x-scale)
    y-scale_m = (fabs.f64 y-scale)
    (FPCore (a_m b_m angle x-scale_m y-scale_m) :precision binary64 0.0)
    a_m = fabs(a);
    b_m = fabs(b);
    x-scale_m = fabs(x_45_scale);
    y-scale_m = fabs(y_45_scale);
    double code(double a_m, double b_m, double angle, double x_45_scale_m, double y_45_scale_m) {
    	return 0.0;
    }
    
    a_m = abs(a)
    b_m = abs(b)
    x-scale_m = abs(x_45scale)
    y-scale_m = abs(y_45scale)
    real(8) function code(a_m, b_m, angle, x_45scale_m, y_45scale_m)
        real(8), intent (in) :: a_m
        real(8), intent (in) :: b_m
        real(8), intent (in) :: angle
        real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale_m
        real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale_m
        code = 0.0d0
    end function
    
    a_m = Math.abs(a);
    b_m = Math.abs(b);
    x-scale_m = Math.abs(x_45_scale);
    y-scale_m = Math.abs(y_45_scale);
    public static double code(double a_m, double b_m, double angle, double x_45_scale_m, double y_45_scale_m) {
    	return 0.0;
    }
    
    a_m = math.fabs(a)
    b_m = math.fabs(b)
    x-scale_m = math.fabs(x_45_scale)
    y-scale_m = math.fabs(y_45_scale)
    def code(a_m, b_m, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m):
    	return 0.0
    
    a_m = abs(a)
    b_m = abs(b)
    x-scale_m = abs(x_45_scale)
    y-scale_m = abs(y_45_scale)
    function code(a_m, b_m, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m)
    	return 0.0
    end
    
    a_m = abs(a);
    b_m = abs(b);
    x-scale_m = abs(x_45_scale);
    y-scale_m = abs(y_45_scale);
    function tmp = code(a_m, b_m, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m)
    	tmp = 0.0;
    end
    
    a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
    b_m = N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]
    x-scale_m = N[Abs[x$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]
    y-scale_m = N[Abs[y$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]
    code[a$95$m_, b$95$m_, angle_, x$45$scale$95$m_, y$45$scale$95$m_] := 0.0
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    a_m = \left|a\right|
    \\
    b_m = \left|b\right|
    \\
    x-scale_m = \left|x-scale\right|
    \\
    y-scale_m = \left|y-scale\right|
    
    \\
    0
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 0.1%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in a around inf 2.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\left(\frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} + {\left(\frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} - \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}^{2}}}\right)} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in x-scale around inf 4.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} - 0.5 \cdot \frac{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + 4 \cdot \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}}{{x-scale}^{2}}}}\right) \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Simplified5.1%

        \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} - 0.5 \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \frac{\left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right) \cdot 2}{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2}}}}\right) \]
      2. Taylor expanded in a around 0 29.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
      3. Add Preprocessing

      Reproduce

      ?
      herbie shell --seed 2024182 
      (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
        :name "b from scale-rotated-ellipse"
        :precision binary64
        (/ (- (sqrt (* (* (* 2.0 (/ (* 4.0 (* (* b a) (* b (- a)))) (pow (* x-scale y-scale) 2.0))) (* (* b a) (* b (- a)))) (- (+ (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale) (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale)) (sqrt (+ (pow (- (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale) (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale)) 2.0) (pow (/ (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) x-scale) y-scale) 2.0))))))) (/ (* 4.0 (* (* b a) (* b (- a)))) (pow (* x-scale y-scale) 2.0))))