
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (- x y) (+ x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x - y) / (x + y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
def code(x, y): return (x - y) / (x + y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x - y) / Float64(x + y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x - y) / (x + y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x - y}{x + y}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 8 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (- x y) (+ x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x - y) / (x + y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
def code(x, y): return (x - y) / (x + y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x - y) / Float64(x + y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x - y) / (x + y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x - y}{x + y}
\end{array}
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (- x y) (+ x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x - y) / (x + y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
def code(x, y): return (x - y) / (x + y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x - y) / Float64(x + y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x - y) / (x + y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x - y}{x + y}
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= y -5e+17) (+ (* 2.0 (/ x y)) -1.0) (if (<= y 3.8e+29) (/ x (+ x y)) (/ y (- (- y) x)))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -5e+17) {
tmp = (2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0;
} else if (y <= 3.8e+29) {
tmp = x / (x + y);
} else {
tmp = y / (-y - x);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (y <= (-5d+17)) then
tmp = (2.0d0 * (x / y)) + (-1.0d0)
else if (y <= 3.8d+29) then
tmp = x / (x + y)
else
tmp = y / (-y - x)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -5e+17) {
tmp = (2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0;
} else if (y <= 3.8e+29) {
tmp = x / (x + y);
} else {
tmp = y / (-y - x);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if y <= -5e+17: tmp = (2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0 elif y <= 3.8e+29: tmp = x / (x + y) else: tmp = y / (-y - x) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (y <= -5e+17) tmp = Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64(x / y)) + -1.0); elseif (y <= 3.8e+29) tmp = Float64(x / Float64(x + y)); else tmp = Float64(y / Float64(Float64(-y) - x)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (y <= -5e+17) tmp = (2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0; elseif (y <= 3.8e+29) tmp = x / (x + y); else tmp = y / (-y - x); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[y, -5e+17], N[(N[(2.0 * N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[y, 3.8e+29], N[(x / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(y / N[((-y) - x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+17}:\\
\;\;\;\;2 \cdot \frac{x}{y} + -1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 3.8 \cdot 10^{+29}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x}{x + y}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{y}{\left(-y\right) - x}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -5e17Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 84.8%
if -5e17 < y < 3.79999999999999971e29Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 81.0%
if 3.79999999999999971e29 < y Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 85.2%
neg-mul-185.2%
Simplified85.2%
Final simplification83.0%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= y -1.6e+15) (+ (/ x y) -1.0) (if (<= y 3.8e+29) (/ x (+ x y)) (/ y (- (- y) x)))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -1.6e+15) {
tmp = (x / y) + -1.0;
} else if (y <= 3.8e+29) {
tmp = x / (x + y);
} else {
tmp = y / (-y - x);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (y <= (-1.6d+15)) then
tmp = (x / y) + (-1.0d0)
else if (y <= 3.8d+29) then
tmp = x / (x + y)
else
tmp = y / (-y - x)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -1.6e+15) {
tmp = (x / y) + -1.0;
} else if (y <= 3.8e+29) {
tmp = x / (x + y);
} else {
tmp = y / (-y - x);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if y <= -1.6e+15: tmp = (x / y) + -1.0 elif y <= 3.8e+29: tmp = x / (x + y) else: tmp = y / (-y - x) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (y <= -1.6e+15) tmp = Float64(Float64(x / y) + -1.0); elseif (y <= 3.8e+29) tmp = Float64(x / Float64(x + y)); else tmp = Float64(y / Float64(Float64(-y) - x)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (y <= -1.6e+15) tmp = (x / y) + -1.0; elseif (y <= 3.8e+29) tmp = x / (x + y); else tmp = y / (-y - x); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[y, -1.6e+15], N[(N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[y, 3.8e+29], N[(x / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(y / N[((-y) - x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.6 \cdot 10^{+15}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x}{y} + -1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 3.8 \cdot 10^{+29}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x}{x + y}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{y}{\left(-y\right) - x}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -1.6e15Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 84.0%
neg-mul-184.0%
Simplified84.0%
Taylor expanded in y around inf 84.3%
if -1.6e15 < y < 3.79999999999999971e29Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 81.0%
if 3.79999999999999971e29 < y Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 85.2%
neg-mul-185.2%
Simplified85.2%
Final simplification82.8%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (or (<= y -4.6e+14) (not (<= y 6.8e+15))) (+ (/ x y) -1.0) (/ x (+ x y))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((y <= -4.6e+14) || !(y <= 6.8e+15)) {
tmp = (x / y) + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = x / (x + y);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if ((y <= (-4.6d+14)) .or. (.not. (y <= 6.8d+15))) then
tmp = (x / y) + (-1.0d0)
else
tmp = x / (x + y)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((y <= -4.6e+14) || !(y <= 6.8e+15)) {
tmp = (x / y) + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = x / (x + y);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if (y <= -4.6e+14) or not (y <= 6.8e+15): tmp = (x / y) + -1.0 else: tmp = x / (x + y) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if ((y <= -4.6e+14) || !(y <= 6.8e+15)) tmp = Float64(Float64(x / y) + -1.0); else tmp = Float64(x / Float64(x + y)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if ((y <= -4.6e+14) || ~((y <= 6.8e+15))) tmp = (x / y) + -1.0; else tmp = x / (x + y); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[y, -4.6e+14], N[Not[LessEqual[y, 6.8e+15]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(x / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -4.6 \cdot 10^{+14} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 6.8 \cdot 10^{+15}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x}{y} + -1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x}{x + y}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -4.6e14 or 6.8e15 < y Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 84.0%
neg-mul-184.0%
Simplified84.0%
Taylor expanded in y around inf 84.1%
if -4.6e14 < y < 6.8e15Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 81.4%
Final simplification82.8%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (or (<= y -6.5e+15) (not (<= y 420000.0))) (+ (/ x y) -1.0) (- 1.0 (/ y x))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((y <= -6.5e+15) || !(y <= 420000.0)) {
tmp = (x / y) + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0 - (y / x);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if ((y <= (-6.5d+15)) .or. (.not. (y <= 420000.0d0))) then
tmp = (x / y) + (-1.0d0)
else
tmp = 1.0d0 - (y / x)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((y <= -6.5e+15) || !(y <= 420000.0)) {
tmp = (x / y) + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0 - (y / x);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if (y <= -6.5e+15) or not (y <= 420000.0): tmp = (x / y) + -1.0 else: tmp = 1.0 - (y / x) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if ((y <= -6.5e+15) || !(y <= 420000.0)) tmp = Float64(Float64(x / y) + -1.0); else tmp = Float64(1.0 - Float64(y / x)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if ((y <= -6.5e+15) || ~((y <= 420000.0))) tmp = (x / y) + -1.0; else tmp = 1.0 - (y / x); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[y, -6.5e+15], N[Not[LessEqual[y, 420000.0]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 - N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -6.5 \cdot 10^{+15} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 420000\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x}{y} + -1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 - \frac{y}{x}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -6.5e15 or 4.2e5 < y Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 83.5%
neg-mul-183.5%
Simplified83.5%
Taylor expanded in y around inf 83.7%
if -6.5e15 < y < 4.2e5Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 81.9%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 81.7%
neg-mul-181.7%
unsub-neg81.7%
Simplified81.7%
Final simplification82.7%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= y -6.5e+15) -1.0 (if (<= y 0.00038) (- 1.0 (/ y x)) -1.0)))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -6.5e+15) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else if (y <= 0.00038) {
tmp = 1.0 - (y / x);
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (y <= (-6.5d+15)) then
tmp = -1.0d0
else if (y <= 0.00038d0) then
tmp = 1.0d0 - (y / x)
else
tmp = -1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -6.5e+15) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else if (y <= 0.00038) {
tmp = 1.0 - (y / x);
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if y <= -6.5e+15: tmp = -1.0 elif y <= 0.00038: tmp = 1.0 - (y / x) else: tmp = -1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (y <= -6.5e+15) tmp = -1.0; elseif (y <= 0.00038) tmp = Float64(1.0 - Float64(y / x)); else tmp = -1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (y <= -6.5e+15) tmp = -1.0; elseif (y <= 0.00038) tmp = 1.0 - (y / x); else tmp = -1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[y, -6.5e+15], -1.0, If[LessEqual[y, 0.00038], N[(1.0 - N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -1.0]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -6.5 \cdot 10^{+15}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 0.00038:\\
\;\;\;\;1 - \frac{y}{x}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -6.5e15 or 3.8000000000000002e-4 < y Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 83.1%
if -6.5e15 < y < 3.8000000000000002e-4Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 81.9%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 81.7%
neg-mul-181.7%
unsub-neg81.7%
Simplified81.7%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= y -2e+18) -1.0 (if (<= y 8e+28) 1.0 -1.0)))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -2e+18) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else if (y <= 8e+28) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (y <= (-2d+18)) then
tmp = -1.0d0
else if (y <= 8d+28) then
tmp = 1.0d0
else
tmp = -1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -2e+18) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else if (y <= 8e+28) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if y <= -2e+18: tmp = -1.0 elif y <= 8e+28: tmp = 1.0 else: tmp = -1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (y <= -2e+18) tmp = -1.0; elseif (y <= 8e+28) tmp = 1.0; else tmp = -1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (y <= -2e+18) tmp = -1.0; elseif (y <= 8e+28) tmp = 1.0; else tmp = -1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[y, -2e+18], -1.0, If[LessEqual[y, 8e+28], 1.0, -1.0]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2 \cdot 10^{+18}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 8 \cdot 10^{+28}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -2e18 or 7.99999999999999967e28 < y Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 84.1%
if -2e18 < y < 7.99999999999999967e28Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 80.4%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 -1.0)
double code(double x, double y) {
return -1.0;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = -1.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return -1.0;
}
def code(x, y): return -1.0
function code(x, y) return -1.0 end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = -1.0; end
code[x_, y_] := -1.0
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-1
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 51.9%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (- (/ x (+ x y)) (/ y (+ x y))))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y));
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y));
}
def code(x, y): return (x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y))
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x / Float64(x + y)) - Float64(y / Float64(x + y))) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(y / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x}{x + y} - \frac{y}{x + y}
\end{array}
herbie shell --seed 2024182
(FPCore (x y)
:name "Data.Colour.RGB:hslsv from colour-2.3.3, D"
:precision binary64
:alt
(! :herbie-platform default (- (/ x (+ x y)) (/ y (+ x y))))
(/ (- x y) (+ x y)))