Graphics.Rendering.Plot.Render.Plot.Axis:renderAxisTick from plot-0.2.3.4, B

Percentage Accurate: 76.6% → 90.1%
Time: 10.1s
Alternatives: 11
Speedup: 0.7×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- (+ x y) (/ (* (- z t) y) (- a t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (x + y) - (((z - t) * y) / (a - t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (x + y) - (((z - t) * y) / (a - t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (x + y) - (((z - t) * y) / (a - t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (x + y) - (((z - t) * y) / (a - t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(x + y) - Float64(Float64(Float64(z - t) * y) / Float64(a - t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (x + y) - (((z - t) * y) / (a - t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision] * y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 11 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 76.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- (+ x y) (/ (* (- z t) y) (- a t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (x + y) - (((z - t) * y) / (a - t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (x + y) - (((z - t) * y) / (a - t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (x + y) - (((z - t) * y) / (a - t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (x + y) - (((z - t) * y) / (a - t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(x + y) - Float64(Float64(Float64(z - t) * y) / Float64(a - t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (x + y) - (((z - t) * y) / (a - t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision] * y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 90.1% accurate, 0.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{+93} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{+42}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x - a \cdot \frac{y}{t}\right) + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{t - a}, x + y\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= t -1.8e+93) (not (<= t 2.7e+42)))
   (+ (- x (* a (/ y t))) (* y (/ z t)))
   (fma (- z t) (/ y (- t a)) (+ x y))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((t <= -1.8e+93) || !(t <= 2.7e+42)) {
		tmp = (x - (a * (y / t))) + (y * (z / t));
	} else {
		tmp = fma((z - t), (y / (t - a)), (x + y));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((t <= -1.8e+93) || !(t <= 2.7e+42))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(x - Float64(a * Float64(y / t))) + Float64(y * Float64(z / t)));
	else
		tmp = fma(Float64(z - t), Float64(y / Float64(t - a)), Float64(x + y));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[t, -1.8e+93], N[Not[LessEqual[t, 2.7e+42]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(x - N[(a * N[(y / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(y * N[(z / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y / N[(t - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{+93} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{+42}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\left(x - a \cdot \frac{y}{t}\right) + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{t - a}, x + y\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < -1.8e93 or 2.7000000000000001e42 < t

    1. Initial program 53.1%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf 73.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + -1 \cdot \frac{a \cdot y}{t}\right) - -1 \cdot \frac{y \cdot z}{t}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-neg73.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + -1 \cdot \frac{a \cdot y}{t}\right) + \left(--1 \cdot \frac{y \cdot z}{t}\right)} \]
      2. mul-1-neg73.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(x + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{a \cdot y}{t}\right)}\right) + \left(--1 \cdot \frac{y \cdot z}{t}\right) \]
      3. unsub-neg73.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x - \frac{a \cdot y}{t}\right)} + \left(--1 \cdot \frac{y \cdot z}{t}\right) \]
      4. associate-/l*76.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(x - \color{blue}{a \cdot \frac{y}{t}}\right) + \left(--1 \cdot \frac{y \cdot z}{t}\right) \]
      5. mul-1-neg76.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(x - a \cdot \frac{y}{t}\right) + \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\frac{y \cdot z}{t}\right)}\right) \]
      6. remove-double-neg76.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(x - a \cdot \frac{y}{t}\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot z}{t}} \]
      7. associate-/l*90.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(x - a \cdot \frac{y}{t}\right) + \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{t}} \]
    5. Simplified90.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x - a \cdot \frac{y}{t}\right) + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}} \]

    if -1.8e93 < t < 2.7000000000000001e42

    1. Initial program 90.4%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-neg90.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) + \left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative90.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right) + \left(x + y\right)} \]
      3. distribute-frac-neg90.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-out90.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \left(-y\right)}}{a - t} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*93.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{-y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      6. fma-define93.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{-y}{a - t}, x + y\right)} \]
      7. distribute-frac-neg93.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{-\frac{y}{a - t}}, x + y\right) \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac293.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{\frac{y}{-\left(a - t\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      9. sub-neg93.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{-\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in93.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{\left(-a\right) + \left(-\left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      11. remove-double-neg93.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\left(-a\right) + \color{blue}{t}}, x + y\right) \]
      12. +-commutative93.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t + \left(-a\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      13. sub-neg93.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t - a}}, x + y\right) \]
    3. Simplified93.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{t - a}, x + y\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification92.6%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{+93} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{+42}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x - a \cdot \frac{y}{t}\right) + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{t - a}, x + y\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 89.6% accurate, 0.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq -9 \cdot 10^{+93} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 4.2 \cdot 10^{+117}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x - a \cdot \frac{y}{t}\right) + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x + y\right) + y \cdot \frac{z}{t - a}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= t -9e+93) (not (<= t 4.2e+117)))
   (+ (- x (* a (/ y t))) (* y (/ z t)))
   (+ (+ x y) (* y (/ z (- t a))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((t <= -9e+93) || !(t <= 4.2e+117)) {
		tmp = (x - (a * (y / t))) + (y * (z / t));
	} else {
		tmp = (x + y) + (y * (z / (t - a)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((t <= (-9d+93)) .or. (.not. (t <= 4.2d+117))) then
        tmp = (x - (a * (y / t))) + (y * (z / t))
    else
        tmp = (x + y) + (y * (z / (t - a)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((t <= -9e+93) || !(t <= 4.2e+117)) {
		tmp = (x - (a * (y / t))) + (y * (z / t));
	} else {
		tmp = (x + y) + (y * (z / (t - a)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (t <= -9e+93) or not (t <= 4.2e+117):
		tmp = (x - (a * (y / t))) + (y * (z / t))
	else:
		tmp = (x + y) + (y * (z / (t - a)))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((t <= -9e+93) || !(t <= 4.2e+117))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(x - Float64(a * Float64(y / t))) + Float64(y * Float64(z / t)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(x + y) + Float64(y * Float64(z / Float64(t - a))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((t <= -9e+93) || ~((t <= 4.2e+117)))
		tmp = (x - (a * (y / t))) + (y * (z / t));
	else
		tmp = (x + y) + (y * (z / (t - a)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[t, -9e+93], N[Not[LessEqual[t, 4.2e+117]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(x - N[(a * N[(y / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(y * N[(z / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] + N[(y * N[(z / N[(t - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq -9 \cdot 10^{+93} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 4.2 \cdot 10^{+117}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\left(x - a \cdot \frac{y}{t}\right) + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(x + y\right) + y \cdot \frac{z}{t - a}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < -8.99999999999999981e93 or 4.2000000000000002e117 < t

    1. Initial program 49.2%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf 72.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + -1 \cdot \frac{a \cdot y}{t}\right) - -1 \cdot \frac{y \cdot z}{t}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-neg72.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + -1 \cdot \frac{a \cdot y}{t}\right) + \left(--1 \cdot \frac{y \cdot z}{t}\right)} \]
      2. mul-1-neg72.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(x + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{a \cdot y}{t}\right)}\right) + \left(--1 \cdot \frac{y \cdot z}{t}\right) \]
      3. unsub-neg72.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x - \frac{a \cdot y}{t}\right)} + \left(--1 \cdot \frac{y \cdot z}{t}\right) \]
      4. associate-/l*76.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(x - \color{blue}{a \cdot \frac{y}{t}}\right) + \left(--1 \cdot \frac{y \cdot z}{t}\right) \]
      5. mul-1-neg76.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(x - a \cdot \frac{y}{t}\right) + \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\frac{y \cdot z}{t}\right)}\right) \]
      6. remove-double-neg76.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(x - a \cdot \frac{y}{t}\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot z}{t}} \]
      7. associate-/l*92.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(x - a \cdot \frac{y}{t}\right) + \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{t}} \]
    5. Simplified92.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x - a \cdot \frac{y}{t}\right) + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}} \]

    if -8.99999999999999981e93 < t < 4.2000000000000002e117

    1. Initial program 89.4%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in z around inf 88.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) - \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot z}{a - t}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*90.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) - \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{a - t}} \]
    5. Simplified90.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) - \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{a - t}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification91.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq -9 \cdot 10^{+93} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 4.2 \cdot 10^{+117}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x - a \cdot \frac{y}{t}\right) + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x + y\right) + y \cdot \frac{z}{t - a}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 86.5% accurate, 0.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq -9 \cdot 10^{+167} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 4.7 \cdot 10^{+169}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x + y\right) + y \cdot \frac{z}{t - a}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= t -9e+167) (not (<= t 4.7e+169)))
   (+ x (* y (/ z t)))
   (+ (+ x y) (* y (/ z (- t a))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((t <= -9e+167) || !(t <= 4.7e+169)) {
		tmp = x + (y * (z / t));
	} else {
		tmp = (x + y) + (y * (z / (t - a)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((t <= (-9d+167)) .or. (.not. (t <= 4.7d+169))) then
        tmp = x + (y * (z / t))
    else
        tmp = (x + y) + (y * (z / (t - a)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((t <= -9e+167) || !(t <= 4.7e+169)) {
		tmp = x + (y * (z / t));
	} else {
		tmp = (x + y) + (y * (z / (t - a)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (t <= -9e+167) or not (t <= 4.7e+169):
		tmp = x + (y * (z / t))
	else:
		tmp = (x + y) + (y * (z / (t - a)))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((t <= -9e+167) || !(t <= 4.7e+169))
		tmp = Float64(x + Float64(y * Float64(z / t)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(x + y) + Float64(y * Float64(z / Float64(t - a))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((t <= -9e+167) || ~((t <= 4.7e+169)))
		tmp = x + (y * (z / t));
	else
		tmp = (x + y) + (y * (z / (t - a)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[t, -9e+167], N[Not[LessEqual[t, 4.7e+169]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(x + N[(y * N[(z / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] + N[(y * N[(z / N[(t - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq -9 \cdot 10^{+167} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 4.7 \cdot 10^{+169}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;x + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(x + y\right) + y \cdot \frac{z}{t - a}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < -8.9999999999999998e167 or 4.6999999999999998e169 < t

    1. Initial program 38.5%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around -inf 70.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + -1 \cdot \frac{a \cdot y - y \cdot z}{t}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg70.0%

        \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{a \cdot y - y \cdot z}{t}\right)} \]
      2. unsub-neg70.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{a \cdot y - y \cdot z}{t}} \]
      3. *-commutative70.0%

        \[\leadsto x - \frac{\color{blue}{y \cdot a} - y \cdot z}{t} \]
    5. Simplified70.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{y \cdot a - y \cdot z}{t}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around 0 62.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \frac{y \cdot z}{t}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative62.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot z}{t} + x} \]
      2. associate-/l*83.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{t}} + x \]
    8. Simplified83.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{t} + x} \]

    if -8.9999999999999998e167 < t < 4.6999999999999998e169

    1. Initial program 86.4%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in z around inf 86.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) - \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot z}{a - t}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*89.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) - \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{a - t}} \]
    5. Simplified89.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) - \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{a - t}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification87.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq -9 \cdot 10^{+167} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 4.7 \cdot 10^{+169}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x + y\right) + y \cdot \frac{z}{t - a}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 82.4% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{-78} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.3 \cdot 10^{-23}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x + y\right) - y \cdot \frac{z}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -1.8e-78) (not (<= a 1.3e-23)))
   (- (+ x y) (* y (/ z a)))
   (+ x (* y (/ z t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -1.8e-78) || !(a <= 1.3e-23)) {
		tmp = (x + y) - (y * (z / a));
	} else {
		tmp = x + (y * (z / t));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-1.8d-78)) .or. (.not. (a <= 1.3d-23))) then
        tmp = (x + y) - (y * (z / a))
    else
        tmp = x + (y * (z / t))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -1.8e-78) || !(a <= 1.3e-23)) {
		tmp = (x + y) - (y * (z / a));
	} else {
		tmp = x + (y * (z / t));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -1.8e-78) or not (a <= 1.3e-23):
		tmp = (x + y) - (y * (z / a))
	else:
		tmp = x + (y * (z / t))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -1.8e-78) || !(a <= 1.3e-23))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(x + y) - Float64(y * Float64(z / a)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(x + Float64(y * Float64(z / t)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -1.8e-78) || ~((a <= 1.3e-23)))
		tmp = (x + y) - (y * (z / a));
	else
		tmp = x + (y * (z / t));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -1.8e-78], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 1.3e-23]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] - N[(y * N[(z / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(x + N[(y * N[(z / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{-78} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.3 \cdot 10^{-23}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\left(x + y\right) - y \cdot \frac{z}{a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;x + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -1.8000000000000001e-78 or 1.3e-23 < a

    1. Initial program 80.7%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around 0 79.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) - \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot z}{a}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*82.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) - \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{a}} \]
    5. Simplified82.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(x + y\right) - \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{a}} \]

    if -1.8000000000000001e-78 < a < 1.3e-23

    1. Initial program 72.5%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around -inf 76.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + -1 \cdot \frac{a \cdot y - y \cdot z}{t}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg76.9%

        \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{a \cdot y - y \cdot z}{t}\right)} \]
      2. unsub-neg76.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{a \cdot y - y \cdot z}{t}} \]
      3. *-commutative76.9%

        \[\leadsto x - \frac{\color{blue}{y \cdot a} - y \cdot z}{t} \]
    5. Simplified76.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{y \cdot a - y \cdot z}{t}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around 0 69.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \frac{y \cdot z}{t}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative69.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot z}{t} + x} \]
      2. associate-/l*78.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{t}} + x \]
    8. Simplified78.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{t} + x} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification80.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{-78} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.3 \cdot 10^{-23}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x + y\right) - y \cdot \frac{z}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 75.6% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -7.4 \cdot 10^{-78} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+39}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -7.4e-78) (not (<= a 2e+39))) (+ x y) (+ x (* y (/ z t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -7.4e-78) || !(a <= 2e+39)) {
		tmp = x + y;
	} else {
		tmp = x + (y * (z / t));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-7.4d-78)) .or. (.not. (a <= 2d+39))) then
        tmp = x + y
    else
        tmp = x + (y * (z / t))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -7.4e-78) || !(a <= 2e+39)) {
		tmp = x + y;
	} else {
		tmp = x + (y * (z / t));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -7.4e-78) or not (a <= 2e+39):
		tmp = x + y
	else:
		tmp = x + (y * (z / t))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -7.4e-78) || !(a <= 2e+39))
		tmp = Float64(x + y);
	else
		tmp = Float64(x + Float64(y * Float64(z / t)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -7.4e-78) || ~((a <= 2e+39)))
		tmp = x + y;
	else
		tmp = x + (y * (z / t));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -7.4e-78], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 2e+39]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision], N[(x + N[(y * N[(z / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -7.4 \cdot 10^{-78} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+39}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;x + y\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;x + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -7.40000000000000011e-78 or 1.99999999999999988e39 < a

    1. Initial program 82.0%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-neg82.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) + \left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative82.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right) + \left(x + y\right)} \]
      3. distribute-frac-neg82.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-out82.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \left(-y\right)}}{a - t} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*89.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{-y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      6. fma-define89.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{-y}{a - t}, x + y\right)} \]
      7. distribute-frac-neg89.0%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{-\frac{y}{a - t}}, x + y\right) \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac289.0%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{\frac{y}{-\left(a - t\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      9. sub-neg89.0%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{-\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in89.0%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{\left(-a\right) + \left(-\left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      11. remove-double-neg89.0%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\left(-a\right) + \color{blue}{t}}, x + y\right) \]
      12. +-commutative89.0%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t + \left(-a\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      13. sub-neg89.0%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t - a}}, x + y\right) \]
    3. Simplified89.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{t - a}, x + y\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 75.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative75.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
    7. Simplified75.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]

    if -7.40000000000000011e-78 < a < 1.99999999999999988e39

    1. Initial program 72.2%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around -inf 74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + -1 \cdot \frac{a \cdot y - y \cdot z}{t}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg74.3%

        \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{a \cdot y - y \cdot z}{t}\right)} \]
      2. unsub-neg74.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{a \cdot y - y \cdot z}{t}} \]
      3. *-commutative74.3%

        \[\leadsto x - \frac{\color{blue}{y \cdot a} - y \cdot z}{t} \]
    5. Simplified74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{y \cdot a - y \cdot z}{t}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around 0 67.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \frac{y \cdot z}{t}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative67.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot z}{t} + x} \]
      2. associate-/l*75.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{t}} + x \]
    8. Simplified75.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{t} + x} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification75.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -7.4 \cdot 10^{-78} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+39}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 61.0% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2.5 \cdot 10^{+95} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{+170}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot \frac{z - a}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= y -2.5e+95) (not (<= y 2.5e+170))) (* y (/ (- z a) t)) (+ x y)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((y <= -2.5e+95) || !(y <= 2.5e+170)) {
		tmp = y * ((z - a) / t);
	} else {
		tmp = x + y;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((y <= (-2.5d+95)) .or. (.not. (y <= 2.5d+170))) then
        tmp = y * ((z - a) / t)
    else
        tmp = x + y
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((y <= -2.5e+95) || !(y <= 2.5e+170)) {
		tmp = y * ((z - a) / t);
	} else {
		tmp = x + y;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (y <= -2.5e+95) or not (y <= 2.5e+170):
		tmp = y * ((z - a) / t)
	else:
		tmp = x + y
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((y <= -2.5e+95) || !(y <= 2.5e+170))
		tmp = Float64(y * Float64(Float64(z - a) / t));
	else
		tmp = Float64(x + y);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((y <= -2.5e+95) || ~((y <= 2.5e+170)))
		tmp = y * ((z - a) / t);
	else
		tmp = x + y;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[y, -2.5e+95], N[Not[LessEqual[y, 2.5e+170]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(y * N[(N[(z - a), $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2.5 \cdot 10^{+95} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{+170}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;y \cdot \frac{z - a}{t}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;x + y\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if y < -2.50000000000000012e95 or 2.49999999999999988e170 < y

    1. Initial program 51.3%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around -inf 54.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + -1 \cdot \frac{a \cdot y - y \cdot z}{t}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg54.8%

        \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{a \cdot y - y \cdot z}{t}\right)} \]
      2. unsub-neg54.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{a \cdot y - y \cdot z}{t}} \]
      3. *-commutative54.8%

        \[\leadsto x - \frac{\color{blue}{y \cdot a} - y \cdot z}{t} \]
    5. Simplified54.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{y \cdot a - y \cdot z}{t}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 48.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot z}{t} - \frac{a \cdot y}{t}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in y around 0 60.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(\frac{z}{t} - \frac{a}{t}\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. distribute-rgt-out--60.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{z}{t} \cdot y - \frac{a}{t} \cdot y} \]
      2. associate-*l/48.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{z \cdot y}{t}} - \frac{a}{t} \cdot y \]
      3. associate-*r/56.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \frac{y}{t}} - \frac{a}{t} \cdot y \]
      4. associate-*l/53.7%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \frac{y}{t} - \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot y}{t}} \]
      5. associate-*r/52.0%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \frac{y}{t} - \color{blue}{a \cdot \frac{y}{t}} \]
      6. distribute-rgt-out--57.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y}{t} \cdot \left(z - a\right)} \]
    9. Simplified57.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y}{t} \cdot \left(z - a\right)} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in y around 0 48.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot \left(z - a\right)}{t}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*60.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z - a}{t}} \]
    12. Simplified60.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z - a}{t}} \]

    if -2.50000000000000012e95 < y < 2.49999999999999988e170

    1. Initial program 87.7%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-neg87.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) + \left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative87.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right) + \left(x + y\right)} \]
      3. distribute-frac-neg87.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-out87.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \left(-y\right)}}{a - t} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*89.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{-y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      6. fma-define89.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{-y}{a - t}, x + y\right)} \]
      7. distribute-frac-neg89.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{-\frac{y}{a - t}}, x + y\right) \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac289.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{\frac{y}{-\left(a - t\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      9. sub-neg89.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{-\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in89.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{\left(-a\right) + \left(-\left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      11. remove-double-neg89.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\left(-a\right) + \color{blue}{t}}, x + y\right) \]
      12. +-commutative89.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t + \left(-a\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      13. sub-neg89.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t - a}}, x + y\right) \]
    3. Simplified89.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{t - a}, x + y\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 69.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative69.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
    7. Simplified69.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification66.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2.5 \cdot 10^{+95} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{+170}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot \frac{z - a}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 64.2% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -2.3 \cdot 10^{+170} \lor \neg \left(z \leq 7.5 \cdot 10^{+93}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot \frac{z}{t - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= z -2.3e+170) (not (<= z 7.5e+93))) (* y (/ z (- t a))) (+ x y)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((z <= -2.3e+170) || !(z <= 7.5e+93)) {
		tmp = y * (z / (t - a));
	} else {
		tmp = x + y;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((z <= (-2.3d+170)) .or. (.not. (z <= 7.5d+93))) then
        tmp = y * (z / (t - a))
    else
        tmp = x + y
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((z <= -2.3e+170) || !(z <= 7.5e+93)) {
		tmp = y * (z / (t - a));
	} else {
		tmp = x + y;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (z <= -2.3e+170) or not (z <= 7.5e+93):
		tmp = y * (z / (t - a))
	else:
		tmp = x + y
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((z <= -2.3e+170) || !(z <= 7.5e+93))
		tmp = Float64(y * Float64(z / Float64(t - a)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(x + y);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((z <= -2.3e+170) || ~((z <= 7.5e+93)))
		tmp = y * (z / (t - a));
	else
		tmp = x + y;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[z, -2.3e+170], N[Not[LessEqual[z, 7.5e+93]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(y * N[(z / N[(t - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;z \leq -2.3 \cdot 10^{+170} \lor \neg \left(z \leq 7.5 \cdot 10^{+93}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;y \cdot \frac{z}{t - a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;x + y\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if z < -2.3000000000000001e170 or 7.5000000000000002e93 < z

    1. Initial program 67.5%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-neg67.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) + \left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative67.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right) + \left(x + y\right)} \]
      3. distribute-frac-neg67.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-out67.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \left(-y\right)}}{a - t} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*83.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{-y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      6. fma-define83.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{-y}{a - t}, x + y\right)} \]
      7. distribute-frac-neg83.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{-\frac{y}{a - t}}, x + y\right) \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac283.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{\frac{y}{-\left(a - t\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      9. sub-neg83.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{-\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in83.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{\left(-a\right) + \left(-\left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      11. remove-double-neg83.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\left(-a\right) + \color{blue}{t}}, x + y\right) \]
      12. +-commutative83.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t + \left(-a\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      13. sub-neg83.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t - a}}, x + y\right) \]
    3. Simplified83.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{t - a}, x + y\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in z around inf 51.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot z}{t - a}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*68.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{t - a}} \]
    7. Simplified68.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{t - a}} \]

    if -2.3000000000000001e170 < z < 7.5000000000000002e93

    1. Initial program 80.0%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-neg80.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) + \left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative80.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right) + \left(x + y\right)} \]
      3. distribute-frac-neg80.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-out80.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \left(-y\right)}}{a - t} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*82.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{-y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      6. fma-define82.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{-y}{a - t}, x + y\right)} \]
      7. distribute-frac-neg82.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{-\frac{y}{a - t}}, x + y\right) \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac282.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{\frac{y}{-\left(a - t\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      9. sub-neg82.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{-\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in82.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{\left(-a\right) + \left(-\left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      11. remove-double-neg82.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\left(-a\right) + \color{blue}{t}}, x + y\right) \]
      12. +-commutative82.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t + \left(-a\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      13. sub-neg82.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t - a}}, x + y\right) \]
    3. Simplified82.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{t - a}, x + y\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 66.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative66.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
    7. Simplified66.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification66.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -2.3 \cdot 10^{+170} \lor \neg \left(z \leq 7.5 \cdot 10^{+93}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot \frac{z}{t - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 59.3% accurate, 0.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.32 \cdot 10^{+180} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 7.4 \cdot 10^{+171}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= y -1.32e+180) (not (<= y 7.4e+171))) (* y (/ z t)) (+ x y)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((y <= -1.32e+180) || !(y <= 7.4e+171)) {
		tmp = y * (z / t);
	} else {
		tmp = x + y;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((y <= (-1.32d+180)) .or. (.not. (y <= 7.4d+171))) then
        tmp = y * (z / t)
    else
        tmp = x + y
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((y <= -1.32e+180) || !(y <= 7.4e+171)) {
		tmp = y * (z / t);
	} else {
		tmp = x + y;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (y <= -1.32e+180) or not (y <= 7.4e+171):
		tmp = y * (z / t)
	else:
		tmp = x + y
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((y <= -1.32e+180) || !(y <= 7.4e+171))
		tmp = Float64(y * Float64(z / t));
	else
		tmp = Float64(x + y);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((y <= -1.32e+180) || ~((y <= 7.4e+171)))
		tmp = y * (z / t);
	else
		tmp = x + y;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[y, -1.32e+180], N[Not[LessEqual[y, 7.4e+171]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(y * N[(z / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.32 \cdot 10^{+180} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 7.4 \cdot 10^{+171}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;x + y\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if y < -1.31999999999999991e180 or 7.39999999999999996e171 < y

    1. Initial program 47.0%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-neg47.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) + \left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative47.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right) + \left(x + y\right)} \]
      3. distribute-frac-neg47.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-out47.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \left(-y\right)}}{a - t} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*60.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{-y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      6. fma-define60.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{-y}{a - t}, x + y\right)} \]
      7. distribute-frac-neg60.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{-\frac{y}{a - t}}, x + y\right) \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac260.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{\frac{y}{-\left(a - t\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      9. sub-neg60.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{-\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in60.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{\left(-a\right) + \left(-\left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      11. remove-double-neg60.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\left(-a\right) + \color{blue}{t}}, x + y\right) \]
      12. +-commutative60.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t + \left(-a\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      13. sub-neg60.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t - a}}, x + y\right) \]
    3. Simplified60.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{t - a}, x + y\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in z around inf 38.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot z}{t - a}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*54.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{t - a}} \]
    7. Simplified54.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{t - a}} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 33.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot z}{t}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*46.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{t}} \]
    10. Simplified46.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z}{t}} \]

    if -1.31999999999999991e180 < y < 7.39999999999999996e171

    1. Initial program 85.2%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-neg85.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) + \left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative85.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right) + \left(x + y\right)} \]
      3. distribute-frac-neg85.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-out85.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \left(-y\right)}}{a - t} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*88.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{-y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      6. fma-define88.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{-y}{a - t}, x + y\right)} \]
      7. distribute-frac-neg88.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{-\frac{y}{a - t}}, x + y\right) \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac288.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{\frac{y}{-\left(a - t\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      9. sub-neg88.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{-\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in88.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{\left(-a\right) + \left(-\left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      11. remove-double-neg88.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\left(-a\right) + \color{blue}{t}}, x + y\right) \]
      12. +-commutative88.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t + \left(-a\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      13. sub-neg88.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t - a}}, x + y\right) \]
    3. Simplified88.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{t - a}, x + y\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 66.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative66.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
    7. Simplified66.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification62.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.32 \cdot 10^{+180} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 7.4 \cdot 10^{+171}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot \frac{z}{t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 62.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq -1.85 \cdot 10^{+210}:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 3.9 \cdot 10^{+170}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t -1.85e+210) x (if (<= t 3.9e+170) (+ x y) x)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= -1.85e+210) {
		tmp = x;
	} else if (t <= 3.9e+170) {
		tmp = x + y;
	} else {
		tmp = x;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= (-1.85d+210)) then
        tmp = x
    else if (t <= 3.9d+170) then
        tmp = x + y
    else
        tmp = x
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= -1.85e+210) {
		tmp = x;
	} else if (t <= 3.9e+170) {
		tmp = x + y;
	} else {
		tmp = x;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= -1.85e+210:
		tmp = x
	elif t <= 3.9e+170:
		tmp = x + y
	else:
		tmp = x
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= -1.85e+210)
		tmp = x;
	elseif (t <= 3.9e+170)
		tmp = Float64(x + y);
	else
		tmp = x;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= -1.85e+210)
		tmp = x;
	elseif (t <= 3.9e+170)
		tmp = x + y;
	else
		tmp = x;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, -1.85e+210], x, If[LessEqual[t, 3.9e+170], N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision], x]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq -1.85 \cdot 10^{+210}:\\
\;\;\;\;x\\

\mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 3.9 \cdot 10^{+170}:\\
\;\;\;\;x + y\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;x\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < -1.84999999999999999e210 or 3.9000000000000002e170 < t

    1. Initial program 34.8%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-neg34.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) + \left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative34.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right) + \left(x + y\right)} \]
      3. distribute-frac-neg34.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-out34.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \left(-y\right)}}{a - t} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*46.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{-y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      6. fma-define46.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{-y}{a - t}, x + y\right)} \]
      7. distribute-frac-neg46.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{-\frac{y}{a - t}}, x + y\right) \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac246.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{\frac{y}{-\left(a - t\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      9. sub-neg46.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{-\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in46.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{\left(-a\right) + \left(-\left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      11. remove-double-neg46.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\left(-a\right) + \color{blue}{t}}, x + y\right) \]
      12. +-commutative46.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t + \left(-a\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      13. sub-neg46.4%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t - a}}, x + y\right) \]
    3. Simplified46.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{t - a}, x + y\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 61.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(y + -1 \cdot y\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. distribute-rgt1-in61.2%

        \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{\left(-1 + 1\right) \cdot y} \]
      2. metadata-eval61.2%

        \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{0} \cdot y \]
      3. mul0-lft61.2%

        \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{0} \]
    7. Simplified61.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + 0} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in x around 0 61.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]

    if -1.84999999999999999e210 < t < 3.9000000000000002e170

    1. Initial program 85.3%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-neg85.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) + \left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative85.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right) + \left(x + y\right)} \]
      3. distribute-frac-neg85.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-out85.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \left(-y\right)}}{a - t} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*89.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{-y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      6. fma-define89.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{-y}{a - t}, x + y\right)} \]
      7. distribute-frac-neg89.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{-\frac{y}{a - t}}, x + y\right) \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac289.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{\frac{y}{-\left(a - t\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      9. sub-neg89.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{-\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in89.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{\left(-a\right) + \left(-\left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      11. remove-double-neg89.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\left(-a\right) + \color{blue}{t}}, x + y\right) \]
      12. +-commutative89.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t + \left(-a\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      13. sub-neg89.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t - a}}, x + y\right) \]
    3. Simplified89.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{t - a}, x + y\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 61.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative61.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
    7. Simplified61.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification61.0%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq -1.85 \cdot 10^{+210}:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t \leq 3.9 \cdot 10^{+170}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 51.4% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -5.7 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 1.2 \cdot 10^{-66}:\\ \;\;\;\;y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x -5.7e-60) x (if (<= x 1.2e-66) y x)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -5.7e-60) {
		tmp = x;
	} else if (x <= 1.2e-66) {
		tmp = y;
	} else {
		tmp = x;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= (-5.7d-60)) then
        tmp = x
    else if (x <= 1.2d-66) then
        tmp = y
    else
        tmp = x
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -5.7e-60) {
		tmp = x;
	} else if (x <= 1.2e-66) {
		tmp = y;
	} else {
		tmp = x;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -5.7e-60:
		tmp = x
	elif x <= 1.2e-66:
		tmp = y
	else:
		tmp = x
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -5.7e-60)
		tmp = x;
	elseif (x <= 1.2e-66)
		tmp = y;
	else
		tmp = x;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= -5.7e-60)
		tmp = x;
	elseif (x <= 1.2e-66)
		tmp = y;
	else
		tmp = x;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[x, -5.7e-60], x, If[LessEqual[x, 1.2e-66], y, x]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -5.7 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\
\;\;\;\;x\\

\mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 1.2 \cdot 10^{-66}:\\
\;\;\;\;y\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;x\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < -5.70000000000000019e-60 or 1.20000000000000013e-66 < x

    1. Initial program 80.2%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-neg80.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) + \left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative80.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right) + \left(x + y\right)} \]
      3. distribute-frac-neg80.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-out80.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \left(-y\right)}}{a - t} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*88.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{-y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      6. fma-define88.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{-y}{a - t}, x + y\right)} \]
      7. distribute-frac-neg88.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{-\frac{y}{a - t}}, x + y\right) \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac288.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{\frac{y}{-\left(a - t\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      9. sub-neg88.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{-\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in88.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{\left(-a\right) + \left(-\left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      11. remove-double-neg88.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\left(-a\right) + \color{blue}{t}}, x + y\right) \]
      12. +-commutative88.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t + \left(-a\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      13. sub-neg88.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t - a}}, x + y\right) \]
    3. Simplified88.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{t - a}, x + y\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 65.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(y + -1 \cdot y\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. distribute-rgt1-in65.2%

        \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{\left(-1 + 1\right) \cdot y} \]
      2. metadata-eval65.2%

        \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{0} \cdot y \]
      3. mul0-lft65.2%

        \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{0} \]
    7. Simplified65.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + 0} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in x around 0 65.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]

    if -5.70000000000000019e-60 < x < 1.20000000000000013e-66

    1. Initial program 71.7%

      \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-neg71.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) + \left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative71.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right) + \left(x + y\right)} \]
      3. distribute-frac-neg71.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-out71.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \left(-y\right)}}{a - t} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      5. associate-/l*73.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{-y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
      6. fma-define72.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{-y}{a - t}, x + y\right)} \]
      7. distribute-frac-neg72.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{-\frac{y}{a - t}}, x + y\right) \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac272.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{\frac{y}{-\left(a - t\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      9. sub-neg72.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{-\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in72.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{\left(-a\right) + \left(-\left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      11. remove-double-neg72.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\left(-a\right) + \color{blue}{t}}, x + y\right) \]
      12. +-commutative72.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t + \left(-a\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
      13. sub-neg72.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t - a}}, x + y\right) \]
    3. Simplified72.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{t - a}, x + y\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 42.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative42.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
    7. Simplified42.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in y around inf 32.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 50.6% accurate, 13.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 x)
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return x;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = x
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return x;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return x
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return x
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = x;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := x
\begin{array}{l}

\\
x
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 77.0%

    \[\left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. sub-neg77.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right) + \left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right)} \]
    2. +-commutative77.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\right) + \left(x + y\right)} \]
    3. distribute-frac-neg77.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
    4. distribute-rgt-neg-out77.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \left(-y\right)}}{a - t} + \left(x + y\right) \]
    5. associate-/l*82.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{-y}{a - t}} + \left(x + y\right) \]
    6. fma-define82.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{-y}{a - t}, x + y\right)} \]
    7. distribute-frac-neg82.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{-\frac{y}{a - t}}, x + y\right) \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac282.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \color{blue}{\frac{y}{-\left(a - t\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
    9. sub-neg82.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{-\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in82.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{\left(-a\right) + \left(-\left(-t\right)\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
    11. remove-double-neg82.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\left(-a\right) + \color{blue}{t}}, x + y\right) \]
    12. +-commutative82.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t + \left(-a\right)}}, x + y\right) \]
    13. sub-neg82.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{\color{blue}{t - a}}, x + y\right) \]
  3. Simplified82.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z - t, \frac{y}{t - a}, x + y\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 46.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \left(y + -1 \cdot y\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. distribute-rgt1-in46.7%

      \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{\left(-1 + 1\right) \cdot y} \]
    2. metadata-eval46.7%

      \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{0} \cdot y \]
    3. mul0-lft46.7%

      \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{0} \]
  7. Simplified46.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + 0} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in x around 0 46.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Developer Target 1: 87.5% accurate, 0.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \left(y + x\right) - \left(\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{1}{a - t}\right) \cdot y\\ t_2 := \left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_2 < -1.3664970889390727 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_2 < 1.4754293444577233 \cdot 10^{-239}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{y \cdot \left(a - z\right) - x \cdot t}{a - t}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (- (+ y x) (* (* (- z t) (/ 1.0 (- a t))) y)))
        (t_2 (- (+ x y) (/ (* (- z t) y) (- a t)))))
   (if (< t_2 -1.3664970889390727e-7)
     t_1
     (if (< t_2 1.4754293444577233e-239)
       (/ (- (* y (- a z)) (* x t)) (- a t))
       t_1))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = (y + x) - (((z - t) * (1.0 / (a - t))) * y);
	double t_2 = (x + y) - (((z - t) * y) / (a - t));
	double tmp;
	if (t_2 < -1.3664970889390727e-7) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (t_2 < 1.4754293444577233e-239) {
		tmp = ((y * (a - z)) - (x * t)) / (a - t);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: t_2
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = (y + x) - (((z - t) * (1.0d0 / (a - t))) * y)
    t_2 = (x + y) - (((z - t) * y) / (a - t))
    if (t_2 < (-1.3664970889390727d-7)) then
        tmp = t_1
    else if (t_2 < 1.4754293444577233d-239) then
        tmp = ((y * (a - z)) - (x * t)) / (a - t)
    else
        tmp = t_1
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = (y + x) - (((z - t) * (1.0 / (a - t))) * y);
	double t_2 = (x + y) - (((z - t) * y) / (a - t));
	double tmp;
	if (t_2 < -1.3664970889390727e-7) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (t_2 < 1.4754293444577233e-239) {
		tmp = ((y * (a - z)) - (x * t)) / (a - t);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = (y + x) - (((z - t) * (1.0 / (a - t))) * y)
	t_2 = (x + y) - (((z - t) * y) / (a - t))
	tmp = 0
	if t_2 < -1.3664970889390727e-7:
		tmp = t_1
	elif t_2 < 1.4754293444577233e-239:
		tmp = ((y * (a - z)) - (x * t)) / (a - t)
	else:
		tmp = t_1
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(Float64(y + x) - Float64(Float64(Float64(z - t) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(a - t))) * y))
	t_2 = Float64(Float64(x + y) - Float64(Float64(Float64(z - t) * y) / Float64(a - t)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_2 < -1.3664970889390727e-7)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (t_2 < 1.4754293444577233e-239)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(y * Float64(a - z)) - Float64(x * t)) / Float64(a - t));
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = (y + x) - (((z - t) * (1.0 / (a - t))) * y);
	t_2 = (x + y) - (((z - t) * y) / (a - t));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t_2 < -1.3664970889390727e-7)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (t_2 < 1.4754293444577233e-239)
		tmp = ((y * (a - z)) - (x * t)) / (a - t);
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(a - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision] * y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Less[t$95$2, -1.3664970889390727e-7], t$95$1, If[Less[t$95$2, 1.4754293444577233e-239], N[(N[(N[(y * N[(a - z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \left(y + x\right) - \left(\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{1}{a - t}\right) \cdot y\\
t_2 := \left(x + y\right) - \frac{\left(z - t\right) \cdot y}{a - t}\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_2 < -1.3664970889390727 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1\\

\mathbf{elif}\;t\_2 < 1.4754293444577233 \cdot 10^{-239}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{y \cdot \left(a - z\right) - x \cdot t}{a - t}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1\\


\end{array}
\end{array}

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024181 
(FPCore (x y z t a)
  :name "Graphics.Rendering.Plot.Render.Plot.Axis:renderAxisTick from plot-0.2.3.4, B"
  :precision binary64

  :alt
  (! :herbie-platform default (if (< (- (+ x y) (/ (* (- z t) y) (- a t))) -13664970889390727/100000000000000000000000) (- (+ y x) (* (* (- z t) (/ 1 (- a t))) y)) (if (< (- (+ x y) (/ (* (- z t) y) (- a t))) 14754293444577233/1000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000) (/ (- (* y (- a z)) (* x t)) (- a t)) (- (+ y x) (* (* (- z t) (/ 1 (- a t))) y)))))

  (- (+ x y) (/ (* (- z t) y) (- a t))))