
(FPCore (u1 u2) :precision binary64 (+ (* (* (/ 1.0 6.0) (pow (* -2.0 (log u1)) 0.5)) (cos (* (* 2.0 PI) u2))) 0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
return (((1.0 / 6.0) * pow((-2.0 * log(u1)), 0.5)) * cos(((2.0 * ((double) M_PI)) * u2))) + 0.5;
}
public static double code(double u1, double u2) {
return (((1.0 / 6.0) * Math.pow((-2.0 * Math.log(u1)), 0.5)) * Math.cos(((2.0 * Math.PI) * u2))) + 0.5;
}
def code(u1, u2): return (((1.0 / 6.0) * math.pow((-2.0 * math.log(u1)), 0.5)) * math.cos(((2.0 * math.pi) * u2))) + 0.5
function code(u1, u2) return Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 / 6.0) * (Float64(-2.0 * log(u1)) ^ 0.5)) * cos(Float64(Float64(2.0 * pi) * u2))) + 0.5) end
function tmp = code(u1, u2) tmp = (((1.0 / 6.0) * ((-2.0 * log(u1)) ^ 0.5)) * cos(((2.0 * pi) * u2))) + 0.5; end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(1.0 / 6.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[N[(-2.0 * N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.5], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[N[(N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * u2), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 7 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u1 u2) :precision binary64 (+ (* (* (/ 1.0 6.0) (pow (* -2.0 (log u1)) 0.5)) (cos (* (* 2.0 PI) u2))) 0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
return (((1.0 / 6.0) * pow((-2.0 * log(u1)), 0.5)) * cos(((2.0 * ((double) M_PI)) * u2))) + 0.5;
}
public static double code(double u1, double u2) {
return (((1.0 / 6.0) * Math.pow((-2.0 * Math.log(u1)), 0.5)) * Math.cos(((2.0 * Math.PI) * u2))) + 0.5;
}
def code(u1, u2): return (((1.0 / 6.0) * math.pow((-2.0 * math.log(u1)), 0.5)) * math.cos(((2.0 * math.pi) * u2))) + 0.5
function code(u1, u2) return Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 / 6.0) * (Float64(-2.0 * log(u1)) ^ 0.5)) * cos(Float64(Float64(2.0 * pi) * u2))) + 0.5) end
function tmp = code(u1, u2) tmp = (((1.0 / 6.0) * ((-2.0 * log(u1)) ^ 0.5)) * cos(((2.0 * pi) * u2))) + 0.5; end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(1.0 / 6.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[N[(-2.0 * N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.5], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[N[(N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * u2), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {\left(-2 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5
\end{array}
(FPCore (u1 u2) :precision binary64 (+ (* (sqrt (log (pow u1 -0.05555555555555555))) (cos (* (* 2.0 (cbrt (pow PI 3.0))) u2))) 0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
return (sqrt(log(pow(u1, -0.05555555555555555))) * cos(((2.0 * cbrt(pow(((double) M_PI), 3.0))) * u2))) + 0.5;
}
public static double code(double u1, double u2) {
return (Math.sqrt(Math.log(Math.pow(u1, -0.05555555555555555))) * Math.cos(((2.0 * Math.cbrt(Math.pow(Math.PI, 3.0))) * u2))) + 0.5;
}
function code(u1, u2) return Float64(Float64(sqrt(log((u1 ^ -0.05555555555555555))) * cos(Float64(Float64(2.0 * cbrt((pi ^ 3.0))) * u2))) + 0.5) end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[Log[N[Power[u1, -0.05555555555555555], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[N[(N[(2.0 * N[Power[N[Power[Pi, 3.0], $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * u2), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\sqrt{\log \left({u1}^{-0.05555555555555555}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\left(2 \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\pi}^{3}}\right) \cdot u2\right) + 0.5
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
pow1/299.3%
add-sqr-sqrt99.0%
sqrt-unprod99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
swap-sqr99.3%
add-sqr-sqrt99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Simplified99.6%
add-log-exp99.6%
exp-to-pow99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
(FPCore (u1 u2) :precision binary64 (+ 0.5 (* (sqrt (log (pow u1 -0.05555555555555555))) (cos (* u2 (* 2.0 PI))))))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
return 0.5 + (sqrt(log(pow(u1, -0.05555555555555555))) * cos((u2 * (2.0 * ((double) M_PI)))));
}
public static double code(double u1, double u2) {
return 0.5 + (Math.sqrt(Math.log(Math.pow(u1, -0.05555555555555555))) * Math.cos((u2 * (2.0 * Math.PI))));
}
def code(u1, u2): return 0.5 + (math.sqrt(math.log(math.pow(u1, -0.05555555555555555))) * math.cos((u2 * (2.0 * math.pi))))
function code(u1, u2) return Float64(0.5 + Float64(sqrt(log((u1 ^ -0.05555555555555555))) * cos(Float64(u2 * Float64(2.0 * pi))))) end
function tmp = code(u1, u2) tmp = 0.5 + (sqrt(log((u1 ^ -0.05555555555555555))) * cos((u2 * (2.0 * pi)))); end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(0.5 + N[(N[Sqrt[N[Log[N[Power[u1, -0.05555555555555555], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[N[(u2 * N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.5 + \sqrt{\log \left({u1}^{-0.05555555555555555}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(u2 \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
pow1/299.3%
add-sqr-sqrt99.0%
sqrt-unprod99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
swap-sqr99.3%
add-sqr-sqrt99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Simplified99.6%
add-log-exp99.6%
exp-to-pow99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (u1 u2) :precision binary64 (+ 0.5 (* (cos (* u2 (* 2.0 PI))) (pow (* -0.05555555555555555 (log u1)) 0.5))))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
return 0.5 + (cos((u2 * (2.0 * ((double) M_PI)))) * pow((-0.05555555555555555 * log(u1)), 0.5));
}
public static double code(double u1, double u2) {
return 0.5 + (Math.cos((u2 * (2.0 * Math.PI))) * Math.pow((-0.05555555555555555 * Math.log(u1)), 0.5));
}
def code(u1, u2): return 0.5 + (math.cos((u2 * (2.0 * math.pi))) * math.pow((-0.05555555555555555 * math.log(u1)), 0.5))
function code(u1, u2) return Float64(0.5 + Float64(cos(Float64(u2 * Float64(2.0 * pi))) * (Float64(-0.05555555555555555 * log(u1)) ^ 0.5))) end
function tmp = code(u1, u2) tmp = 0.5 + (cos((u2 * (2.0 * pi))) * ((-0.05555555555555555 * log(u1)) ^ 0.5)); end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(0.5 + N[(N[Cos[N[(u2 * N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[N[(-0.05555555555555555 * N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.5], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.5 + \cos \left(u2 \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot {\left(-0.05555555555555555 \cdot \log u1\right)}^{0.5}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
pow1/299.3%
add-sqr-sqrt99.0%
sqrt-unprod99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
swap-sqr99.3%
add-sqr-sqrt99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Simplified99.6%
pow1/299.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (u1 u2) :precision binary64 (+ 0.5 (* (cos (* u2 (* 2.0 PI))) (sqrt (* -0.05555555555555555 (log u1))))))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
return 0.5 + (cos((u2 * (2.0 * ((double) M_PI)))) * sqrt((-0.05555555555555555 * log(u1))));
}
public static double code(double u1, double u2) {
return 0.5 + (Math.cos((u2 * (2.0 * Math.PI))) * Math.sqrt((-0.05555555555555555 * Math.log(u1))));
}
def code(u1, u2): return 0.5 + (math.cos((u2 * (2.0 * math.pi))) * math.sqrt((-0.05555555555555555 * math.log(u1))))
function code(u1, u2) return Float64(0.5 + Float64(cos(Float64(u2 * Float64(2.0 * pi))) * sqrt(Float64(-0.05555555555555555 * log(u1))))) end
function tmp = code(u1, u2) tmp = 0.5 + (cos((u2 * (2.0 * pi))) * sqrt((-0.05555555555555555 * log(u1)))); end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(0.5 + N[(N[Cos[N[(u2 * N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[N[(-0.05555555555555555 * N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.5 + \cos \left(u2 \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{-0.05555555555555555 \cdot \log u1}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
pow1/299.3%
add-sqr-sqrt99.0%
sqrt-unprod99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
swap-sqr99.3%
add-sqr-sqrt99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (u1 u2) :precision binary64 (+ 0.5 (* 0.16666666666666666 (sqrt (log (pow u1 -2.0))))))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
return 0.5 + (0.16666666666666666 * sqrt(log(pow(u1, -2.0))));
}
real(8) function code(u1, u2)
real(8), intent (in) :: u1
real(8), intent (in) :: u2
code = 0.5d0 + (0.16666666666666666d0 * sqrt(log((u1 ** (-2.0d0)))))
end function
public static double code(double u1, double u2) {
return 0.5 + (0.16666666666666666 * Math.sqrt(Math.log(Math.pow(u1, -2.0))));
}
def code(u1, u2): return 0.5 + (0.16666666666666666 * math.sqrt(math.log(math.pow(u1, -2.0))))
function code(u1, u2) return Float64(0.5 + Float64(0.16666666666666666 * sqrt(log((u1 ^ -2.0))))) end
function tmp = code(u1, u2) tmp = 0.5 + (0.16666666666666666 * sqrt(log((u1 ^ -2.0)))); end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(0.5 + N[(0.16666666666666666 * N[Sqrt[N[Log[N[Power[u1, -2.0], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.5 + 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \sqrt{\log \left({u1}^{-2}\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
associate-*l*99.3%
fma-define99.3%
metadata-eval99.3%
unpow1/299.3%
*-commutative99.3%
associate-*l*99.3%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in u2 around 0 97.7%
fma-undefine97.7%
*-rgt-identity97.7%
*-commutative97.7%
add-log-exp49.5%
exp-to-pow49.5%
Applied egg-rr49.5%
Final simplification49.5%
(FPCore (u1 u2) :precision binary64 (+ (sqrt (log (pow u1 -0.05555555555555555))) 0.5))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
return sqrt(log(pow(u1, -0.05555555555555555))) + 0.5;
}
real(8) function code(u1, u2)
real(8), intent (in) :: u1
real(8), intent (in) :: u2
code = sqrt(log((u1 ** (-0.05555555555555555d0)))) + 0.5d0
end function
public static double code(double u1, double u2) {
return Math.sqrt(Math.log(Math.pow(u1, -0.05555555555555555))) + 0.5;
}
def code(u1, u2): return math.sqrt(math.log(math.pow(u1, -0.05555555555555555))) + 0.5
function code(u1, u2) return Float64(sqrt(log((u1 ^ -0.05555555555555555))) + 0.5) end
function tmp = code(u1, u2) tmp = sqrt(log((u1 ^ -0.05555555555555555))) + 0.5; end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(N[Sqrt[N[Log[N[Power[u1, -0.05555555555555555], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\sqrt{\log \left({u1}^{-0.05555555555555555}\right)} + 0.5
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
pow1/299.3%
add-sqr-sqrt99.0%
sqrt-unprod99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
*-commutative99.3%
swap-sqr99.3%
add-sqr-sqrt99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Simplified99.6%
add-log-exp99.6%
exp-to-pow99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Taylor expanded in u2 around 0 98.0%
Final simplification98.0%
(FPCore (u1 u2) :precision binary64 (+ 0.5 (sqrt (* (log u1) 0.05555555555555555))))
double code(double u1, double u2) {
return 0.5 + sqrt((log(u1) * 0.05555555555555555));
}
real(8) function code(u1, u2)
real(8), intent (in) :: u1
real(8), intent (in) :: u2
code = 0.5d0 + sqrt((log(u1) * 0.05555555555555555d0))
end function
public static double code(double u1, double u2) {
return 0.5 + Math.sqrt((Math.log(u1) * 0.05555555555555555));
}
def code(u1, u2): return 0.5 + math.sqrt((math.log(u1) * 0.05555555555555555))
function code(u1, u2) return Float64(0.5 + sqrt(Float64(log(u1) * 0.05555555555555555))) end
function tmp = code(u1, u2) tmp = 0.5 + sqrt((log(u1) * 0.05555555555555555)); end
code[u1_, u2_] := N[(0.5 + N[Sqrt[N[(N[Log[u1], $MachinePrecision] * 0.05555555555555555), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.5 + \sqrt{\log u1 \cdot 0.05555555555555555}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.3%
associate-*l*99.3%
fma-define99.3%
metadata-eval99.3%
unpow1/299.3%
*-commutative99.3%
associate-*l*99.3%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in u2 around 0 97.7%
pow1/297.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
pow-sqr97.6%
pow-prod-down97.8%
*-commutative97.8%
*-commutative97.8%
swap-sqr97.8%
pow297.8%
metadata-eval97.8%
metadata-eval97.8%
Applied egg-rr97.8%
Applied egg-rr0.0%
add-sqr-sqrt0.0%
sqrt-unprod0.0%
*-commutative0.0%
*-commutative0.0%
swap-sqr0.0%
add-sqr-sqrt0.0%
metadata-eval0.0%
Applied egg-rr0.0%
*-commutative0.0%
associate-*r*0.0%
metadata-eval0.0%
Simplified0.0%
Final simplification0.0%
herbie shell --seed 2024180
(FPCore (u1 u2)
:name "normal distribution"
:precision binary64
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 u1) (<= u1 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 u2) (<= u2 1.0)))
(+ (* (* (/ 1.0 6.0) (pow (* -2.0 (log u1)) 0.5)) (cos (* (* 2.0 PI) u2))) 0.5))