3frac (problem 3.3.3)

Percentage Accurate: 69.3% → 98.8%
Time: 9.3s
Alternatives: 12
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\left|x\right| > 1\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (/ 1.0 (+ x 1.0)) (/ 2.0 x)) (/ 1.0 (- x 1.0))))
double code(double x) {
	return ((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x - 1.0));
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = ((1.0d0 / (x + 1.0d0)) - (2.0d0 / x)) + (1.0d0 / (x - 1.0d0))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return ((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x - 1.0));
}
def code(x):
	return ((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x - 1.0))
function code(x)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(x + 1.0)) - Float64(2.0 / x)) + Float64(1.0 / Float64(x - 1.0)))
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = ((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x - 1.0));
end
code[x_] := N[(N[(N[(1.0 / N[(x + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(2.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / N[(x - 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 12 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 69.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (/ 1.0 (+ x 1.0)) (/ 2.0 x)) (/ 1.0 (- x 1.0))))
double code(double x) {
	return ((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x - 1.0));
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = ((1.0d0 / (x + 1.0d0)) - (2.0d0 / x)) + (1.0d0 / (x - 1.0d0))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return ((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x - 1.0));
}
def code(x):
	return ((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x - 1.0))
function code(x)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(x + 1.0)) - Float64(2.0 / x)) + Float64(1.0 / Float64(x - 1.0)))
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = ((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x - 1.0));
end
code[x_] := N[(N[(N[(1.0 / N[(x + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(2.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / N[(x - 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 98.8% accurate, 0.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \left(2 + \frac{2}{{x}^{4}}\right)}{{x}^{3}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (+ (/ 2.0 (* x x)) (+ 2.0 (/ 2.0 (pow x 4.0)))) (pow x 3.0)))
double code(double x) {
	return ((2.0 / (x * x)) + (2.0 + (2.0 / pow(x, 4.0)))) / pow(x, 3.0);
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = ((2.0d0 / (x * x)) + (2.0d0 + (2.0d0 / (x ** 4.0d0)))) / (x ** 3.0d0)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return ((2.0 / (x * x)) + (2.0 + (2.0 / Math.pow(x, 4.0)))) / Math.pow(x, 3.0);
}
def code(x):
	return ((2.0 / (x * x)) + (2.0 + (2.0 / math.pow(x, 4.0)))) / math.pow(x, 3.0)
function code(x)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 / Float64(x * x)) + Float64(2.0 + Float64(2.0 / (x ^ 4.0)))) / (x ^ 3.0))
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = ((2.0 / (x * x)) + (2.0 + (2.0 / (x ^ 4.0)))) / (x ^ 3.0);
end
code[x_] := N[(N[(N[(2.0 / N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(2.0 + N[(2.0 / N[Power[x, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[x, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \left(2 + \frac{2}{{x}^{4}}\right)}{{x}^{3}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 74.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    2. associate-+r-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) - \frac{2}{x}} \]
    3. sub-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    4. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-\left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    5. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - \left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    6. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    7. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{-\left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    9. distribute-frac-neg274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{2}{-x}} \]
    10. associate-+r+74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right) + \frac{2}{-x}\right)} \]
    11. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right)} \]
    12. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\frac{1}{x - 1}\right)\right)} + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    13. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1}{-\left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    14. sub0-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    15. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - x\right) + 1}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    16. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified74.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x + -1} + \left(\frac{-2}{x} - \frac{1}{-1 - x}\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 99.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2 + \left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}} + \frac{2}{{x}^{4}}\right)}{{x}^{3}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+r+99.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(2 + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}\right) + \frac{2}{{x}^{4}}}}{{x}^{3}} \]
    2. +-commutative99.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}} + 2\right)} + \frac{2}{{x}^{4}}}{{x}^{3}} \]
    3. associate-+l+99.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}} + \left(2 + \frac{2}{{x}^{4}}\right)}}{{x}^{3}} \]
    4. associate-*r/99.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot 1}{{x}^{2}}} + \left(2 + \frac{2}{{x}^{4}}\right)}{{x}^{3}} \]
    5. metadata-eval99.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{2}}{{x}^{2}} + \left(2 + \frac{2}{{x}^{4}}\right)}{{x}^{3}} \]
  7. Simplified99.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{{x}^{2}} + \left(2 + \frac{2}{{x}^{4}}\right)}{{x}^{3}}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow299.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{x \cdot x}} + \left(2 + \frac{2}{{x}^{4}}\right)}{{x}^{3}} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr99.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{x \cdot x}} + \left(2 + \frac{2}{{x}^{4}}\right)}{{x}^{3}} \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.6% accurate, 0.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{2 + \frac{2}{x \cdot x}}{{x}^{3}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ (+ 2.0 (/ 2.0 (* x x))) (pow x 3.0)))
double code(double x) {
	return (2.0 + (2.0 / (x * x))) / pow(x, 3.0);
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = (2.0d0 + (2.0d0 / (x * x))) / (x ** 3.0d0)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return (2.0 + (2.0 / (x * x))) / Math.pow(x, 3.0);
}
def code(x):
	return (2.0 + (2.0 / (x * x))) / math.pow(x, 3.0)
function code(x)
	return Float64(Float64(2.0 + Float64(2.0 / Float64(x * x))) / (x ^ 3.0))
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = (2.0 + (2.0 / (x * x))) / (x ^ 3.0);
end
code[x_] := N[(N[(2.0 + N[(2.0 / N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[x, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{2 + \frac{2}{x \cdot x}}{{x}^{3}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 74.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    2. associate-+r-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) - \frac{2}{x}} \]
    3. sub-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    4. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-\left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    5. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - \left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    6. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    7. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{-\left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    9. distribute-frac-neg274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{2}{-x}} \]
    10. associate-+r+74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right) + \frac{2}{-x}\right)} \]
    11. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right)} \]
    12. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\frac{1}{x - 1}\right)\right)} + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    13. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1}{-\left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    14. sub0-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    15. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - x\right) + 1}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    16. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified74.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x + -1} + \left(\frac{-2}{x} - \frac{1}{-1 - x}\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2 + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}}{{x}^{3}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/98.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2 + \color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot 1}{{x}^{2}}}}{{x}^{3}} \]
    2. metadata-eval98.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2 + \frac{\color{blue}{2}}{{x}^{2}}}{{x}^{3}} \]
  7. Simplified98.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2 + \frac{2}{{x}^{2}}}{{x}^{3}}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow299.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{x \cdot x}} + \left(2 + \frac{2}{{x}^{4}}\right)}{{x}^{3}} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr98.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2 + \frac{2}{\color{blue}{x \cdot x}}}{{x}^{3}} \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.9% accurate, 0.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 2 \cdot {x}^{-3} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 2.0 (pow x -3.0)))
double code(double x) {
	return 2.0 * pow(x, -3.0);
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = 2.0d0 * (x ** (-3.0d0))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return 2.0 * Math.pow(x, -3.0);
}
def code(x):
	return 2.0 * math.pow(x, -3.0)
function code(x)
	return Float64(2.0 * (x ^ -3.0))
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = 2.0 * (x ^ -3.0);
end
code[x_] := N[(2.0 * N[Power[x, -3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
2 \cdot {x}^{-3}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 74.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    2. associate-+r-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) - \frac{2}{x}} \]
    3. sub-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    4. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-\left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    5. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - \left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    6. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    7. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{-\left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    9. distribute-frac-neg274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{2}{-x}} \]
    10. associate-+r+74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right) + \frac{2}{-x}\right)} \]
    11. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right)} \]
    12. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\frac{1}{x - 1}\right)\right)} + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    13. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1}{-\left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    14. sub0-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    15. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - x\right) + 1}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    16. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified74.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x + -1} + \left(\frac{-2}{x} - \frac{1}{-1 - x}\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{{x}^{3}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-inv98.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{3}}} \]
    2. pow-flip98.7%

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \color{blue}{{x}^{\left(-3\right)}} \]
    3. metadata-eval98.7%

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot {x}^{\color{blue}{-3}} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr98.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot {x}^{-3}} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 73.2% accurate, 0.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x + -1} \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-32}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \left(2 + x\right) + t\_0}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot t\_0}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* x (- -1.0 x))))
   (if (<= (+ (- (/ 1.0 (+ x 1.0)) (/ 2.0 x)) (/ 1.0 (+ x -1.0))) 2e-32)
     (/ (/ 1.0 x) (* (+ x -1.0) (/ x (+ 1.0 (/ 1.0 x)))))
     (/ (+ (* (+ x -1.0) (+ 2.0 x)) t_0) (* (+ x -1.0) t_0)))))
double code(double x) {
	double t_0 = x * (-1.0 - x);
	double tmp;
	if ((((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x + -1.0))) <= 2e-32) {
		tmp = (1.0 / x) / ((x + -1.0) * (x / (1.0 + (1.0 / x))));
	} else {
		tmp = (((x + -1.0) * (2.0 + x)) + t_0) / ((x + -1.0) * t_0);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = x * ((-1.0d0) - x)
    if ((((1.0d0 / (x + 1.0d0)) - (2.0d0 / x)) + (1.0d0 / (x + (-1.0d0)))) <= 2d-32) then
        tmp = (1.0d0 / x) / ((x + (-1.0d0)) * (x / (1.0d0 + (1.0d0 / x))))
    else
        tmp = (((x + (-1.0d0)) * (2.0d0 + x)) + t_0) / ((x + (-1.0d0)) * t_0)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	double t_0 = x * (-1.0 - x);
	double tmp;
	if ((((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x + -1.0))) <= 2e-32) {
		tmp = (1.0 / x) / ((x + -1.0) * (x / (1.0 + (1.0 / x))));
	} else {
		tmp = (((x + -1.0) * (2.0 + x)) + t_0) / ((x + -1.0) * t_0);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x):
	t_0 = x * (-1.0 - x)
	tmp = 0
	if (((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x + -1.0))) <= 2e-32:
		tmp = (1.0 / x) / ((x + -1.0) * (x / (1.0 + (1.0 / x))))
	else:
		tmp = (((x + -1.0) * (2.0 + x)) + t_0) / ((x + -1.0) * t_0)
	return tmp
function code(x)
	t_0 = Float64(x * Float64(-1.0 - x))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(x + 1.0)) - Float64(2.0 / x)) + Float64(1.0 / Float64(x + -1.0))) <= 2e-32)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(1.0 / x) / Float64(Float64(x + -1.0) * Float64(x / Float64(1.0 + Float64(1.0 / x)))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(x + -1.0) * Float64(2.0 + x)) + t_0) / Float64(Float64(x + -1.0) * t_0));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x)
	t_0 = x * (-1.0 - x);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x + -1.0))) <= 2e-32)
		tmp = (1.0 / x) / ((x + -1.0) * (x / (1.0 + (1.0 / x))));
	else
		tmp = (((x + -1.0) * (2.0 + x)) + t_0) / ((x + -1.0) * t_0);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(x * N[(-1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[(N[(N[(1.0 / N[(x + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(2.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / N[(x + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2e-32], N[(N[(1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(x + -1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x / N[(1.0 + N[(1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(N[(x + -1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(2.0 + x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(x + -1.0), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x + -1} \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-32}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \left(2 + x\right) + t\_0}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot t\_0}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (+.f64 (-.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (+.f64 x #s(literal 1 binary64))) (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) x)) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (-.f64 x #s(literal 1 binary64)))) < 2.00000000000000011e-32

    1. Initial program 74.2%

      \[\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative74.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
      2. associate-+r-74.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) - \frac{2}{x}} \]
      3. sub-neg74.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
      4. remove-double-neg74.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-\left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
      5. neg-sub074.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - \left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
      6. associate-+l-74.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
      7. neg-sub074.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{-\left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac274.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
      9. distribute-frac-neg274.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{2}{-x}} \]
      10. associate-+r+74.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right) + \frac{2}{-x}\right)} \]
      11. +-commutative74.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right)} \]
      12. remove-double-neg74.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\frac{1}{x - 1}\right)\right)} + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
      13. distribute-neg-frac274.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1}{-\left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
      14. sub0-neg74.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
      15. associate-+l-74.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - x\right) + 1}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
      16. neg-sub074.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified74.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x + -1} + \left(\frac{-2}{x} - \frac{1}{-1 - x}\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 73.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{1 + \frac{1}{x}}{x}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{x}\right)}{x}} \]
      2. neg-mul-173.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{\color{blue}{-\left(1 + \frac{1}{x}\right)}}{x} \]
      3. distribute-neg-in73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-1\right) + \left(-\frac{1}{x}\right)}}{x} \]
      4. metadata-eval73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1} + \left(-\frac{1}{x}\right)}{x} \]
      5. distribute-neg-frac73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{-1 + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{x}}}{x} \]
      6. metadata-eval73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{-1 + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{x}}{x} \]
    7. Simplified73.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}{x}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. frac-2neg73.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{-\left(x + -1\right)}} + \frac{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}{x} \]
      2. metadata-eval73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{-\left(x + -1\right)} + \frac{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}{x} \]
      3. clear-num73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{-\left(x + -1\right)} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}}} \]
      4. frac-add73.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}} + \left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot 1}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}}} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr73.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}} + \left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot 1}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-rgt-identity73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1 \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}} + \color{blue}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right)}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
      2. mul-1-neg73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)} + \left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right)}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
      3. distribute-neg-out73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\left(\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}} + \left(x + -1\right)\right)}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
      4. +-commutative73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(\left(x + -1\right) + \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
      5. distribute-neg-out73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) + \left(-\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
      6. distribute-neg-in73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-x\right) + \left(--1\right)\right)} + \left(-\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
      7. metadata-eval73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-x\right) + \color{blue}{1}\right) + \left(-\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
      8. +-commutative73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-x\right)\right)} + \left(-\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
      9. unsub-neg73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 - x\right)} + \left(-\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
      10. distribute-neg-frac273.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{x}{-\left(-1 + \frac{-1}{x}\right)}}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
      11. distribute-neg-in73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{\color{blue}{\left(--1\right) + \left(-\frac{-1}{x}\right)}}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
      12. metadata-eval73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{\color{blue}{1} + \left(-\frac{-1}{x}\right)}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
      13. distribute-neg-frac73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{1 + \color{blue}{\frac{--1}{x}}}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
      14. metadata-eval73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{1 + \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{x}}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
      15. distribute-lft-neg-out73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}}{\color{blue}{-\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}}} \]
      16. distribute-rgt-neg-in73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}}{\color{blue}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \left(-\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)}} \]
      17. distribute-neg-frac273.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{x}{-\left(-1 + \frac{-1}{x}\right)}}} \]
    11. Simplified73.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}}} \]
    12. Taylor expanded in x around inf 77.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{x}}}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}} \]

    if 2.00000000000000011e-32 < (+.f64 (-.f64 (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (+.f64 x #s(literal 1 binary64))) (/.f64 #s(literal 2 binary64) x)) (/.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (-.f64 x #s(literal 1 binary64))))

    1. Initial program 87.3%

      \[\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative87.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
      2. associate-+r-86.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) - \frac{2}{x}} \]
      3. sub-neg86.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
      4. remove-double-neg86.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-\left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
      5. neg-sub086.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - \left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
      6. associate-+l-86.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
      7. neg-sub086.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{-\left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac286.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
      9. distribute-frac-neg286.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{2}{-x}} \]
      10. associate-+r+87.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right) + \frac{2}{-x}\right)} \]
      11. +-commutative87.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right)} \]
      12. remove-double-neg87.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\frac{1}{x - 1}\right)\right)} + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
      13. distribute-neg-frac287.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1}{-\left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
      14. sub0-neg87.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
      15. associate-+l-87.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - x\right) + 1}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
      16. neg-sub087.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified87.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x + -1} + \left(\frac{-2}{x} - \frac{1}{-1 - x}\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. frac-sub87.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\frac{-2 \cdot \left(-1 - x\right) - x \cdot 1}{x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)}} \]
      2. div-inv87.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(-1 - x\right) - x \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)}} \]
      3. *-rgt-identity87.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \left(-2 \cdot \left(-1 - x\right) - \color{blue}{x}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)} \]
      4. fmm-def87.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, -1 - x, -x\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr87.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, -1 - x, -x\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. fmm-undef87.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(-1 - x\right) - x\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)} \]
    8. Simplified87.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(-1 - x\right) - x\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in x around 0 87.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\left(2 + x\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative87.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 + x\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)} + \frac{1}{x + -1}} \]
      2. un-div-inv87.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2 + x}{x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)}} + \frac{1}{x + -1} \]
      3. frac-add99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(2 + x\right) \cdot \left(x + -1\right) + \left(x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)\right) \cdot 1}{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)\right) \cdot \left(x + -1\right)}} \]
      4. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(2 + x\right) \cdot \left(x + -1\right) + \left(x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{1}}}{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)\right) \cdot \left(x + -1\right)} \]
      5. div-inv99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(2 + x\right) \cdot \left(x + -1\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)}{1}}}{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)\right) \cdot \left(x + -1\right)} \]
      6. /-rgt-identity99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(2 + x\right) \cdot \left(x + -1\right) + \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)}}{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)\right) \cdot \left(x + -1\right)} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(2 + x\right) \cdot \left(x + -1\right) + x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)}{\left(x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)\right) \cdot \left(x + -1\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification77.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x + -1} \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-32}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \left(2 + x\right) + x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(-1 - x\right)\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 72.2% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (/ 1.0 x) (* (+ x -1.0) (/ x (+ 1.0 (/ 1.0 x))))))
double code(double x) {
	return (1.0 / x) / ((x + -1.0) * (x / (1.0 + (1.0 / x))));
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = (1.0d0 / x) / ((x + (-1.0d0)) * (x / (1.0d0 + (1.0d0 / x))))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return (1.0 / x) / ((x + -1.0) * (x / (1.0 + (1.0 / x))));
}
def code(x):
	return (1.0 / x) / ((x + -1.0) * (x / (1.0 + (1.0 / x))))
function code(x)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 / x) / Float64(Float64(x + -1.0) * Float64(x / Float64(1.0 + Float64(1.0 / x)))))
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = (1.0 / x) / ((x + -1.0) * (x / (1.0 + (1.0 / x))));
end
code[x_] := N[(N[(1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(x + -1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x / N[(1.0 + N[(1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 74.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    2. associate-+r-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) - \frac{2}{x}} \]
    3. sub-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    4. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-\left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    5. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - \left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    6. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    7. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{-\left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    9. distribute-frac-neg274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{2}{-x}} \]
    10. associate-+r+74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right) + \frac{2}{-x}\right)} \]
    11. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right)} \]
    12. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\frac{1}{x - 1}\right)\right)} + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    13. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1}{-\left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    14. sub0-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    15. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - x\right) + 1}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    16. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified74.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x + -1} + \left(\frac{-2}{x} - \frac{1}{-1 - x}\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 73.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{1 + \frac{1}{x}}{x}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{x}\right)}{x}} \]
    2. neg-mul-173.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{\color{blue}{-\left(1 + \frac{1}{x}\right)}}{x} \]
    3. distribute-neg-in73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-1\right) + \left(-\frac{1}{x}\right)}}{x} \]
    4. metadata-eval73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1} + \left(-\frac{1}{x}\right)}{x} \]
    5. distribute-neg-frac73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{-1 + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{x}}}{x} \]
    6. metadata-eval73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{-1 + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{x}}{x} \]
  7. Simplified73.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}{x}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. frac-2neg73.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{-\left(x + -1\right)}} + \frac{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}{x} \]
    2. metadata-eval73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{-\left(x + -1\right)} + \frac{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}{x} \]
    3. clear-num73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{-\left(x + -1\right)} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}}} \]
    4. frac-add73.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}} + \left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot 1}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}}} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr73.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}} + \left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot 1}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-rgt-identity73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-1 \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}} + \color{blue}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right)}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
    2. mul-1-neg73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)} + \left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right)}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
    3. distribute-neg-out73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\left(\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}} + \left(x + -1\right)\right)}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
    4. +-commutative73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(\left(x + -1\right) + \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
    5. distribute-neg-out73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) + \left(-\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
    6. distribute-neg-in73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(-x\right) + \left(--1\right)\right)} + \left(-\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
    7. metadata-eval73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(-x\right) + \color{blue}{1}\right) + \left(-\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
    8. +-commutative73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-x\right)\right)} + \left(-\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
    9. unsub-neg73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 - x\right)} + \left(-\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
    10. distribute-neg-frac273.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{x}{-\left(-1 + \frac{-1}{x}\right)}}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
    11. distribute-neg-in73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{\color{blue}{\left(--1\right) + \left(-\frac{-1}{x}\right)}}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
    12. metadata-eval73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{\color{blue}{1} + \left(-\frac{-1}{x}\right)}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
    13. distribute-neg-frac73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{1 + \color{blue}{\frac{--1}{x}}}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
    14. metadata-eval73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{1 + \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{x}}}{\left(-\left(x + -1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}} \]
    15. distribute-lft-neg-out73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}}{\color{blue}{-\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}}} \]
    16. distribute-rgt-neg-in73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}}{\color{blue}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \left(-\frac{x}{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}\right)}} \]
    17. distribute-neg-frac273.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{x}{-\left(-1 + \frac{-1}{x}\right)}}} \]
  11. Simplified73.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 - x\right) + \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}}} \]
  12. Taylor expanded in x around inf 76.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{x}}}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \frac{x}{1 + \frac{1}{x}}} \]
  13. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 69.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x + -1} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (/ 1.0 (+ x 1.0)) (/ 2.0 x)) (/ 1.0 (+ x -1.0))))
double code(double x) {
	return ((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x + -1.0));
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = ((1.0d0 / (x + 1.0d0)) - (2.0d0 / x)) + (1.0d0 / (x + (-1.0d0)))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return ((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x + -1.0));
}
def code(x):
	return ((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x + -1.0))
function code(x)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(x + 1.0)) - Float64(2.0 / x)) + Float64(1.0 / Float64(x + -1.0)))
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = ((1.0 / (x + 1.0)) - (2.0 / x)) + (1.0 / (x + -1.0));
end
code[x_] := N[(N[(N[(1.0 / N[(x + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(2.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / N[(x + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x + -1}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 74.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Final simplification74.3%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x + -1} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 68.1% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}{x} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (/ 1.0 (+ x -1.0)) (/ (+ -1.0 (/ -1.0 x)) x)))
double code(double x) {
	return (1.0 / (x + -1.0)) + ((-1.0 + (-1.0 / x)) / x);
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = (1.0d0 / (x + (-1.0d0))) + (((-1.0d0) + ((-1.0d0) / x)) / x)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return (1.0 / (x + -1.0)) + ((-1.0 + (-1.0 / x)) / x);
}
def code(x):
	return (1.0 / (x + -1.0)) + ((-1.0 + (-1.0 / x)) / x)
function code(x)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(x + -1.0)) + Float64(Float64(-1.0 + Float64(-1.0 / x)) / x))
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = (1.0 / (x + -1.0)) + ((-1.0 + (-1.0 / x)) / x);
end
code[x_] := N[(N[(1.0 / N[(x + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(-1.0 + N[(-1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}{x}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 74.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    2. associate-+r-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) - \frac{2}{x}} \]
    3. sub-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    4. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-\left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    5. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - \left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    6. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    7. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{-\left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    9. distribute-frac-neg274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{2}{-x}} \]
    10. associate-+r+74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right) + \frac{2}{-x}\right)} \]
    11. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right)} \]
    12. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\frac{1}{x - 1}\right)\right)} + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    13. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1}{-\left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    14. sub0-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    15. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - x\right) + 1}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    16. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified74.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x + -1} + \left(\frac{-2}{x} - \frac{1}{-1 - x}\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 73.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{1 + \frac{1}{x}}{x}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{x}\right)}{x}} \]
    2. neg-mul-173.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{\color{blue}{-\left(1 + \frac{1}{x}\right)}}{x} \]
    3. distribute-neg-in73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-1\right) + \left(-\frac{1}{x}\right)}}{x} \]
    4. metadata-eval73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1} + \left(-\frac{1}{x}\right)}{x} \]
    5. distribute-neg-frac73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{-1 + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{x}}}{x} \]
    6. metadata-eval73.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{-1 + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{x}}{x} \]
  7. Simplified73.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1 + \frac{-1}{x}}{x}} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 67.9% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\left(x - -1\right) - x}{x \cdot \left(x + -1\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ (- (- x -1.0) x) (* x (+ x -1.0))))
double code(double x) {
	return ((x - -1.0) - x) / (x * (x + -1.0));
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = ((x - (-1.0d0)) - x) / (x * (x + (-1.0d0)))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return ((x - -1.0) - x) / (x * (x + -1.0));
}
def code(x):
	return ((x - -1.0) - x) / (x * (x + -1.0))
function code(x)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(x - -1.0) - x) / Float64(x * Float64(x + -1.0)))
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = ((x - -1.0) - x) / (x * (x + -1.0));
end
code[x_] := N[(N[(N[(x - -1.0), $MachinePrecision] - x), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x * N[(x + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\left(x - -1\right) - x}{x \cdot \left(x + -1\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 74.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    2. associate-+r-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) - \frac{2}{x}} \]
    3. sub-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    4. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-\left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    5. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - \left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    6. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    7. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{-\left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    9. distribute-frac-neg274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{2}{-x}} \]
    10. associate-+r+74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right) + \frac{2}{-x}\right)} \]
    11. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right)} \]
    12. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\frac{1}{x - 1}\right)\right)} + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    13. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1}{-\left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    14. sub0-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    15. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - x\right) + 1}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    16. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified74.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x + -1} + \left(\frac{-2}{x} - \frac{1}{-1 - x}\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 72.9%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{x}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. frac-2neg72.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\frac{--1}{-x}} \]
    2. metadata-eval72.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{-x} \]
    3. frac-add72.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(-x\right) + \left(x + -1\right) \cdot 1}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr72.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(-x\right) + \left(x + -1\right) \cdot 1}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lft-identity72.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} + \left(x + -1\right) \cdot 1}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} \]
    2. *-rgt-identity72.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-x\right) + \color{blue}{\left(x + -1\right)}}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} \]
    3. +-commutative72.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x + -1\right) + \left(-x\right)}}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} \]
    4. associate-+l+72.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x + \left(-1 + \left(-x\right)\right)}}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} \]
    5. sub-neg72.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{x + \color{blue}{\left(-1 - x\right)}}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)} \]
  9. Simplified72.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x + \left(-1 - x\right)}{\left(x + -1\right) \cdot \left(-x\right)}} \]
  10. Final simplification72.9%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - -1\right) - x}{x \cdot \left(x + -1\right)} \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 67.9% accurate, 1.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{-1}{x} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (+ (/ 1.0 (+ x -1.0)) (/ -1.0 x)))
double code(double x) {
	return (1.0 / (x + -1.0)) + (-1.0 / x);
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = (1.0d0 / (x + (-1.0d0))) + ((-1.0d0) / x)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return (1.0 / (x + -1.0)) + (-1.0 / x);
}
def code(x):
	return (1.0 / (x + -1.0)) + (-1.0 / x)
function code(x)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(x + -1.0)) + Float64(-1.0 / x))
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = (1.0 / (x + -1.0)) + (-1.0 / x);
end
code[x_] := N[(N[(1.0 / N[(x + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{x + -1} + \frac{-1}{x}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 74.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    2. associate-+r-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) - \frac{2}{x}} \]
    3. sub-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    4. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-\left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    5. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - \left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    6. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    7. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{-\left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    9. distribute-frac-neg274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{2}{-x}} \]
    10. associate-+r+74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right) + \frac{2}{-x}\right)} \]
    11. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right)} \]
    12. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\frac{1}{x - 1}\right)\right)} + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    13. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1}{-\left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    14. sub0-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    15. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - x\right) + 1}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    16. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified74.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x + -1} + \left(\frac{-2}{x} - \frac{1}{-1 - x}\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 72.9%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{x}} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 67.7% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-1}{x} + \frac{1}{x} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (+ (/ -1.0 x) (/ 1.0 x)))
double code(double x) {
	return (-1.0 / x) + (1.0 / x);
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = ((-1.0d0) / x) + (1.0d0 / x)
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return (-1.0 / x) + (1.0 / x);
}
def code(x):
	return (-1.0 / x) + (1.0 / x)
function code(x)
	return Float64(Float64(-1.0 / x) + Float64(1.0 / x))
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = (-1.0 / x) + (1.0 / x);
end
code[x_] := N[(N[(-1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-1}{x} + \frac{1}{x}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 74.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    2. associate-+r-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) - \frac{2}{x}} \]
    3. sub-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    4. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-\left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    5. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - \left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    6. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    7. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{-\left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    9. distribute-frac-neg274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{2}{-x}} \]
    10. associate-+r+74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right) + \frac{2}{-x}\right)} \]
    11. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right)} \]
    12. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\frac{1}{x - 1}\right)\right)} + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    13. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1}{-\left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    14. sub0-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    15. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - x\right) + 1}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    16. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified74.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x + -1} + \left(\frac{-2}{x} - \frac{1}{-1 - x}\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 72.9%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{x}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in x around inf 72.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x}} + \frac{-1}{x} \]
  7. Final simplification72.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{x} + \frac{1}{x} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 5.1% accurate, 5.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-1}{x} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ -1.0 x))
double code(double x) {
	return -1.0 / x;
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = (-1.0d0) / x
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return -1.0 / x;
}
def code(x):
	return -1.0 / x
function code(x)
	return Float64(-1.0 / x)
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = -1.0 / x;
end
code[x_] := N[(-1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-1}{x}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 74.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    2. associate-+r-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) - \frac{2}{x}} \]
    3. sub-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    4. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-\left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    5. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - \left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    6. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    7. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{-\left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    9. distribute-frac-neg274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{2}{-x}} \]
    10. associate-+r+74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right) + \frac{2}{-x}\right)} \]
    11. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right)} \]
    12. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\frac{1}{x - 1}\right)\right)} + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    13. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1}{-\left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    14. sub0-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    15. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - x\right) + 1}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    16. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified74.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x + -1} + \left(\frac{-2}{x} - \frac{1}{-1 - x}\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 72.9%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x + -1} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{x}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 5.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{x}} \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 5.1% accurate, 5.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-2}{x} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ -2.0 x))
double code(double x) {
	return -2.0 / x;
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = (-2.0d0) / x
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return -2.0 / x;
}
def code(x):
	return -2.0 / x
function code(x)
	return Float64(-2.0 / x)
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = -2.0 / x;
end
code[x_] := N[(-2.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-2}{x}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 74.3%

    \[\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    2. associate-+r-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) - \frac{2}{x}} \]
    3. sub-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{x + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right)} \]
    4. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-\left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    5. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - \left(-x\right)\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    6. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    7. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{-\left(\left(-x\right) - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)}\right) + \left(-\frac{2}{x}\right) \]
    9. distribute-frac-neg274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{2}{-x}} \]
    10. associate-+r+74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right) + \frac{2}{-x}\right)} \]
    11. +-commutative74.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right)} \]
    12. remove-double-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\frac{1}{x - 1}\right)\right)} + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    13. distribute-neg-frac274.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1}{-\left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    14. sub0-neg74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{0 - \left(x - 1\right)}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    15. associate-+l-74.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(0 - x\right) + 1}}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
    16. neg-sub074.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} + 1}\right) + \left(\frac{2}{-x} + \left(-\frac{1}{\left(-x\right) - 1}\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified74.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x + -1} + \left(\frac{-2}{x} - \frac{1}{-1 - x}\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 5.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-2}{x}} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Developer Target 1: 99.1% accurate, 1.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{2}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot x - 1\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ 2.0 (* x (- (* x x) 1.0))))
double code(double x) {
	return 2.0 / (x * ((x * x) - 1.0));
}
real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = 2.0d0 / (x * ((x * x) - 1.0d0))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
	return 2.0 / (x * ((x * x) - 1.0));
}
def code(x):
	return 2.0 / (x * ((x * x) - 1.0))
function code(x)
	return Float64(2.0 / Float64(x * Float64(Float64(x * x) - 1.0)))
end
function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = 2.0 / (x * ((x * x) - 1.0));
end
code[x_] := N[(2.0 / N[(x * N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] - 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{2}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot x - 1\right)}
\end{array}

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024180 
(FPCore (x)
  :name "3frac (problem 3.3.3)"
  :precision binary64
  :pre (> (fabs x) 1.0)

  :alt
  (! :herbie-platform default (/ 2 (* x (- (* x x) 1))))

  (+ (- (/ 1.0 (+ x 1.0)) (/ 2.0 x)) (/ 1.0 (- x 1.0))))