
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 11 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
pow-exp99.5%
associate-*r/99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) (exp (/ r (- s)))) (* (* s PI) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) + expf((r / -s))) / ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) + exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s)))) / Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) + exp((r / -s))) / ((s * single(pi)) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}} + e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.6%
associate-*r/99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
mul-1-neg99.6%
exp-neg99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
rec-exp99.6%
distribute-frac-neg99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ r (- s))) (exp (* r (/ -0.3333333333333333 s)))) (* (* s PI) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((r / -s)) + expf((r * (-0.3333333333333333f / s)))) / ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) + exp(Float32(r * Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) / s)))) / Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((r / -s)) + exp((r * (single(-0.3333333333333333) / s)))) / ((s * single(pi)) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}} + e^{r \cdot \frac{-0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.6%
associate-*r/99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
mul-1-neg99.6%
exp-neg99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
rec-exp99.6%
distribute-frac-neg99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l/99.6%
associate-*r/99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ r (- s))) (exp (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s)))) (* (* s PI) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((r / -s)) + expf((-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s)))) / ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) + exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s)))) / Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((r / -s)) + exp((single(-0.3333333333333333) * (r / s)))) / ((s * single(pi)) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}} + e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.6%
mul-1-neg99.6%
exp-neg99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
rec-exp99.6%
distribute-frac-neg99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* s (log1p (expm1 (* PI r))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (s * log1pf(expm1f((((float) M_PI) * r))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * log1p(expm1(Float32(Float32(pi) * r))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\pi \cdot r\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.3%
*-un-lft-identity8.3%
associate-/r*8.3%
Applied egg-rr8.3%
*-lft-identity8.3%
associate-/l/8.3%
associate-*l*8.4%
*-commutative8.4%
Simplified8.4%
log1p-expm1-u43.6%
Applied egg-rr43.6%
Final simplification43.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (log1p (expm1 (* (* s PI) r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / log1pf(expm1f(((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / log1p(expm1(Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.3%
log1p-expm1-u10.3%
Applied egg-rr10.3%
Final simplification10.3%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(/
(-
(/ -0.16666666666666666 (* s PI))
(-
(* (/ 0.25 r) (/ -1.0 PI))
(* (/ (/ r (pow s 2.0)) PI) 0.06944444444444445)))
s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((-0.16666666666666666f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) - (((0.25f / r) * (-1.0f / ((float) M_PI))) - (((r / powf(s, 2.0f)) / ((float) M_PI)) * 0.06944444444444445f))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.16666666666666666) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) - Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / r) * Float32(Float32(-1.0) / Float32(pi))) - Float32(Float32(Float32(r / (s ^ Float32(2.0))) / Float32(pi)) * Float32(0.06944444444444445)))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(-0.16666666666666666) / (s * single(pi))) - (((single(0.25) / r) * (single(-1.0) / single(pi))) - (((r / (s ^ single(2.0))) / single(pi)) * single(0.06944444444444445)))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{-0.16666666666666666}{s \cdot \pi} - \left(\frac{0.25}{r} \cdot \frac{-1}{\pi} - \frac{\frac{r}{{s}^{2}}}{\pi} \cdot 0.06944444444444445\right)}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
times-frac99.5%
fma-define99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
times-frac99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
times-frac99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.6%
Simplified8.6%
associate-/r*8.6%
div-inv8.7%
Applied egg-rr8.7%
Final simplification8.7%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(/
(-
(* (/ 0.25 r) (/ 1.0 PI))
(/
(+ (/ (* (/ r PI) -0.06944444444444445) s) (/ 0.16666666666666666 PI))
s))
s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (((0.25f / r) * (1.0f / ((float) M_PI))) - (((((r / ((float) M_PI)) * -0.06944444444444445f) / s) + (0.16666666666666666f / ((float) M_PI))) / s)) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / r) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(pi))) - Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(r / Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.06944444444444445)) / s) + Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(pi))) / s)) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (((single(0.25) / r) * (single(1.0) / single(pi))) - (((((r / single(pi)) * single(-0.06944444444444445)) / s) + (single(0.16666666666666666) / single(pi))) / s)) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{r} \cdot \frac{1}{\pi} - \frac{\frac{\frac{r}{\pi} \cdot -0.06944444444444445}{s} + \frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi}}{s}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
times-frac99.5%
fma-define99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
times-frac99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
times-frac99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 8.6%
mul-1-neg8.6%
Simplified8.6%
associate-/r*8.6%
div-inv8.7%
Applied egg-rr8.7%
Final simplification8.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (+ (/ (- (/ (/ 0.06944444444444445 s) (/ PI r)) (/ 0.16666666666666666 PI)) s) (/ 0.25 (* PI r))) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (((((0.06944444444444445f / s) / (((float) M_PI) / r)) - (0.16666666666666666f / ((float) M_PI))) / s) + (0.25f / (((float) M_PI) * r))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.06944444444444445) / s) / Float32(Float32(pi) / r)) - Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(pi))) / s) + Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(pi) * r))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (((((single(0.06944444444444445) / s) / (single(pi) / r)) - (single(0.16666666666666666) / single(pi))) / s) + (single(0.25) / (single(pi) * r))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.06944444444444445}{s}}{\frac{\pi}{r}} - \frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi}}{s} + \frac{0.25}{\pi \cdot r}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
times-frac99.5%
fma-define99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
times-frac99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
times-frac99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 8.6%
mul-1-neg8.6%
Simplified8.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.6%
metadata-eval8.6%
associate-/l/8.6%
times-frac8.6%
associate-*r/8.6%
*-commutative8.6%
neg-mul-18.6%
associate-*r/8.6%
*-commutative8.6%
associate-/r/8.6%
associate-/l/8.6%
distribute-lft-neg-in8.6%
*-commutative8.6%
distribute-neg-frac28.6%
associate-/l/8.6%
distribute-neg-frac8.6%
distribute-neg-frac8.6%
metadata-eval8.6%
Simplified8.6%
Final simplification8.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* s (* PI r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (s * (((float) M_PI) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (s * (single(pi) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.3%
*-un-lft-identity8.3%
associate-/r*8.3%
Applied egg-rr8.3%
*-lft-identity8.3%
associate-/l/8.3%
associate-*l*8.4%
*-commutative8.4%
Simplified8.4%
Final simplification8.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* (* s PI) r)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / ((s * single(pi)) * r); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.3%
Final simplification8.3%
herbie shell --seed 2024180
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))