Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.6%
Time: 13.1s
Alternatives: 12
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 12 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) (fma (log t) (- 0.5 a) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + (log(z) - fma(log(t), (0.5 - a), t));
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - fma(log(t), Float64(0.5 - a), t)))
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 - a), $MachinePrecision] + t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 450:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z + t\_1\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
   (if (<= t 450.0) (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (log z) t_1)) (- t_1 t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(t) * (a - 0.5);
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 450.0) {
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) + t_1);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)
    if (t <= 450.0d0) then
        tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) + t_1)
    else
        tmp = t_1 - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5);
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 450.0) {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) + (Math.log(z) + t_1);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 450.0:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) + (math.log(z) + t_1)
	else:
		tmp = t_1 - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 450.0)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) + t_1));
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_1 - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(t) * (a - 0.5);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 450.0)
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) + t_1);
	else
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t, 450.0], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(t$95$1 - t), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 450:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z + t\_1\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 450

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around 0 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]

    if 450 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\log z}{t} + \frac{\log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right) - 1\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    4. Taylor expanded in t around inf 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-198.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Simplified98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification98.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 450:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 80.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 425:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 425.0)
   (+ (log y) (+ (log z) (* (log t) (+ a -0.5))))
   (- (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 425.0) {
		tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a + -0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 425.0d0) then
        tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0))))
    else
        tmp = (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 425.0) {
		tmp = Math.log(y) + (Math.log(z) + (Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 425.0:
		tmp = math.log(y) + (math.log(z) + (math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 425.0)
		tmp = Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(z) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 425.0)
		tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a + -0.5)));
	else
		tmp = (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 425.0], N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 425:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 425

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 66.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around 0 65.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative65.6%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \log z\right)} \]
      2. sub-neg65.6%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \left(\log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} + \log z\right) \]
      3. metadata-eval65.6%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \log z\right) \]
      4. +-commutative65.6%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \left(\log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 + a\right)} + \log z\right) \]
      5. distribute-rgt-out65.6%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \left(\color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + a \cdot \log t\right)} + \log z\right) \]
      6. +-commutative65.6%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \left(\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \log t + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)} + \log z\right) \]
      7. distribute-rgt-in65.6%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)} + \log z\right) \]
    8. Simplified65.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) + \log z\right)} \]

    if 425 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\log z}{t} + \frac{\log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right) - 1\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    4. Taylor expanded in t around inf 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-198.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Simplified98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification81.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 425:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \]
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 68.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)\right) - t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (- (+ (log y) (- (log z) (* (log t) (- 0.5 a)))) t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(y) + (log(z) - (log(t) * (0.5 - a)))) - t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(y) + (log(z) - (log(t) * (0.5d0 - a)))) - t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(z) - (Math.log(t) * (0.5 - a)))) - t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(y) + (math.log(z) - (math.log(t) * (0.5 - a)))) - t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(z) - Float64(log(t) * Float64(0.5 - a)))) - t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(y) + (log(z) - (log(t) * (0.5 - a)))) - t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)\right) - t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 73.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
  6. Final simplification73.1%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)\right) - t \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 68.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (log z) t) (+ (log y) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(z) - t) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(z) - t) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(z) - t) + (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(z) - t) + (math.log(y) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(z) - t) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 73.1%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 86.2% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{-22}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + t\_1\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
   (if (<= t 1.35e-22) (- (+ (log (* (+ x y) z)) t_1) t) (- t_1 t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(t) * (a - 0.5);
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.35e-22) {
		tmp = (log(((x + y) * z)) + t_1) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)
    if (t <= 1.35d-22) then
        tmp = (log(((x + y) * z)) + t_1) - t
    else
        tmp = t_1 - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5);
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.35e-22) {
		tmp = (Math.log(((x + y) * z)) + t_1) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 1.35e-22:
		tmp = (math.log(((x + y) * z)) + t_1) - t
	else:
		tmp = t_1 - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 1.35e-22)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(Float64(Float64(x + y) * z)) + t_1) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_1 - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(t) * (a - 0.5);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 1.35e-22)
		tmp = (log(((x + y) * z)) + t_1) - t;
	else
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t, 1.35e-22], N[(N[(N[Log[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(t$95$1 - t), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{-22}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + t\_1\right) - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 1.3500000000000001e-22

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)} \]
      2. fma-undefine99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) + t\right)} \]
      3. associate--r+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
      4. sum-log76.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
    6. Applied egg-rr76.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]

    if 1.3500000000000001e-22 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\log z}{t} + \frac{\log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right) - 1\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    4. Taylor expanded in t around inf 97.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-197.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Simplified97.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification87.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{-22}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 64.4% accurate, 2.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -2.9 \cdot 10^{+50} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 15.5\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -2.9e+50) (not (<= a 15.5))) (* (log t) a) (- (log (+ x y)) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -2.9e+50) || !(a <= 15.5)) {
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = log((x + y)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-2.9d+50)) .or. (.not. (a <= 15.5d0))) then
        tmp = log(t) * a
    else
        tmp = log((x + y)) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -2.9e+50) || !(a <= 15.5)) {
		tmp = Math.log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -2.9e+50) or not (a <= 15.5):
		tmp = math.log(t) * a
	else:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -2.9e+50) || !(a <= 15.5))
		tmp = Float64(log(t) * a);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -2.9e+50) || ~((a <= 15.5)))
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	else
		tmp = log((x + y)) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -2.9e+50], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 15.5]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -2.9 \cdot 10^{+50} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 15.5\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -2.9e50 or 15.5 < a

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 83.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative83.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    7. Simplified83.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -2.9e50 < a < 15.5

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\frac{\log z}{t} - \left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}{t}\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 57.2%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + t \cdot \color{blue}{-1} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification70.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -2.9 \cdot 10^{+50} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 15.5\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 60.5% accurate, 2.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -3.1 \cdot 10^{+47} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 8.5 \cdot 10^{-13}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -3.1e+47) (not (<= a 8.5e-13))) (* (log t) a) (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -3.1e+47) || !(a <= 8.5e-13)) {
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-3.1d+47)) .or. (.not. (a <= 8.5d-13))) then
        tmp = log(t) * a
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -3.1e+47) || !(a <= 8.5e-13)) {
		tmp = Math.log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -3.1e+47) or not (a <= 8.5e-13):
		tmp = math.log(t) * a
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -3.1e+47) || !(a <= 8.5e-13))
		tmp = Float64(log(t) * a);
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -3.1e+47) || ~((a <= 8.5e-13)))
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -3.1e+47], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 8.5e-13]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -3.1 \cdot 10^{+47} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 8.5 \cdot 10^{-13}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -3.1000000000000001e47 or 8.5000000000000001e-13 < a

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 80.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative80.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    7. Simplified80.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -3.1000000000000001e47 < a < 8.5000000000000001e-13

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 52.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-152.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    7. Simplified52.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification67.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -3.1 \cdot 10^{+47} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 8.5 \cdot 10^{-13}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 76.8% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)) - t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)) - t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) - t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in t around inf 98.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\log z}{t} + \frac{\log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right) - 1\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  4. Taylor expanded in t around inf 78.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-178.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  6. Simplified78.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  7. Final simplification78.2%

    \[\leadsto \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) - t \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 37.7% accurate, 156.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = -t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return -t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(-t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = -t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := (-t)
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 34.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-134.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  7. Simplified34.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 2.4% accurate, 313.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 0.0)
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return 0.0;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = 0.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return 0.0;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return 0.0
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return 0.0
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := 0.0
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 34.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-134.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  7. Simplified34.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u1.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(-t\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-undefine1.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-t\right)} - 1} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr1.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-t\right)} - 1} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. sub-neg1.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-t\right)} + \left(-1\right)} \]
    2. log1p-undefine1.4%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(1 + \left(-t\right)\right)}} + \left(-1\right) \]
    3. rem-exp-log34.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-t\right)\right)} + \left(-1\right) \]
    4. unsub-neg34.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - t\right)} + \left(-1\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval34.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - t\right) + \color{blue}{-1} \]
  11. Simplified34.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - t\right) + -1} \]
  12. Taylor expanded in t around 0 2.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} + -1 \]
  13. Step-by-step derivation
    1. metadata-eval2.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
  14. Applied egg-rr2.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
  15. Add Preprocessing

Developer Target 1: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return Math.log((x + y)) + ((Math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return math.log((x + y)) + ((math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)
\end{array}

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024177 
(FPCore (x y z t a)
  :name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2"
  :precision binary64

  :alt
  (! :herbie-platform default (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 1/2) (log t)))))

  (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))