NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B

Percentage Accurate: 77.9% → 99.6%
Time: 10.5s
Alternatives: 8
Speedup: 1.6×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 8 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 77.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{+104}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{b - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}}{a + b}}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a -8.2e+104)
   (/ (* -0.5 (/ PI (* a b))) (- b a))
   (/ (/ (* PI (/ 0.5 a)) (+ a b)) b)))
assert(a < b);
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -8.2e+104) {
		tmp = (-0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / (a * b))) / (b - a);
	} else {
		tmp = ((((double) M_PI) * (0.5 / a)) / (a + b)) / b;
	}
	return tmp;
}
assert a < b;
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -8.2e+104) {
		tmp = (-0.5 * (Math.PI / (a * b))) / (b - a);
	} else {
		tmp = ((Math.PI * (0.5 / a)) / (a + b)) / b;
	}
	return tmp;
}
[a, b] = sort([a, b])
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -8.2e+104:
		tmp = (-0.5 * (math.pi / (a * b))) / (b - a)
	else:
		tmp = ((math.pi * (0.5 / a)) / (a + b)) / b
	return tmp
a, b = sort([a, b])
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -8.2e+104)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-0.5 * Float64(pi / Float64(a * b))) / Float64(b - a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(pi * Float64(0.5 / a)) / Float64(a + b)) / b);
	end
	return tmp
end
a, b = num2cell(sort([a, b])){:}
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -8.2e+104)
		tmp = (-0.5 * (pi / (a * b))) / (b - a);
	else
		tmp = ((pi * (0.5 / a)) / (a + b)) / b;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[a, -8.2e+104], N[(N[(-0.5 * N[(Pi / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(Pi * N[(0.5 / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
[a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{+104}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{b - a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}}{a + b}}{b}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -8.1999999999999997e104

    1. Initial program 66.6%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-inv66.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. difference-of-squares82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-/r*82.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      4. div-inv82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr82.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
      2. associate-/l*99.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
      2. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{a + b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
      3. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b - a} \]
      4. distribute-neg-frac99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b - a} \]
      5. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b - a} \]
    8. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
      2. associate-*r/99.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b - a} \]
    10. Applied egg-rr99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{a + b} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]

    if -8.1999999999999997e104 < a

    1. Initial program 83.9%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l*83.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
      2. *-rgt-identity83.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 1}}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      3. associate-/l*83.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      4. metadata-eval83.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      5. associate-*l/83.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      6. *-lft-identity83.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      7. sub-neg83.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac83.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      9. metadata-eval83.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. Simplified83.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. metadata-eval83.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      2. div-inv83.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      3. associate-*r/83.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. *-commutative83.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      5. difference-of-squares89.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      6. associate-/r*99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr64.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 68.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{a}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in b around inf 97.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}}{b + a}}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification97.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{+104}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{b - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}}{a + b}}{b}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.6% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\ \\ \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{a + b} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b - a} \end{array} \]
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (* (/ (* PI 0.5) (+ a b)) (+ (/ 1.0 a) (/ -1.0 b))) (- b a)))
assert(a < b);
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (((((double) M_PI) * 0.5) / (a + b)) * ((1.0 / a) + (-1.0 / b))) / (b - a);
}
assert a < b;
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (((Math.PI * 0.5) / (a + b)) * ((1.0 / a) + (-1.0 / b))) / (b - a);
}
[a, b] = sort([a, b])
def code(a, b):
	return (((math.pi * 0.5) / (a + b)) * ((1.0 / a) + (-1.0 / b))) / (b - a)
a, b = sort([a, b])
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(pi * 0.5) / Float64(a + b)) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) + Float64(-1.0 / b))) / Float64(b - a))
end
a, b = num2cell(sort([a, b])){:}
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (((pi * 0.5) / (a + b)) * ((1.0 / a) + (-1.0 / b))) / (b - a);
end
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(Pi * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
[a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\
\\
\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{a + b} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b - a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 81.2%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. un-div-inv81.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. difference-of-squares88.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-/r*89.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. div-inv89.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval89.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr89.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    2. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{a + b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
    3. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b - a} \]
    4. distribute-neg-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b - a} \]
    5. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b - a} \]
  8. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    2. associate-*r/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b - a} \]
  10. Applied egg-rr99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{a + b} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.6% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\ \\ \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b - a} \end{array} \]
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* PI (/ 0.5 (+ a b))) (/ (+ (/ 1.0 a) (/ -1.0 b)) (- b a))))
assert(a < b);
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (((double) M_PI) * (0.5 / (a + b))) * (((1.0 / a) + (-1.0 / b)) / (b - a));
}
assert a < b;
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (Math.PI * (0.5 / (a + b))) * (((1.0 / a) + (-1.0 / b)) / (b - a));
}
[a, b] = sort([a, b])
def code(a, b):
	return (math.pi * (0.5 / (a + b))) * (((1.0 / a) + (-1.0 / b)) / (b - a))
a, b = sort([a, b])
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(pi * Float64(0.5 / Float64(a + b))) * Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) + Float64(-1.0 / b)) / Float64(b - a)))
end
a, b = num2cell(sort([a, b])){:}
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (pi * (0.5 / (a + b))) * (((1.0 / a) + (-1.0 / b)) / (b - a));
end
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(Pi * N[(0.5 / N[(a + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
[a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\
\\
\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b - a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 81.2%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. un-div-inv81.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. difference-of-squares88.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-/r*89.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. div-inv89.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval89.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr89.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    2. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{a + b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
    3. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b - a} \]
    4. distribute-neg-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b - a} \]
    5. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b - a} \]
  8. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 92.2% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\\ \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -2.7 \cdot 10^{-74}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-0.5 \cdot t\_0}{b - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot t\_0}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ PI (* a b))))
   (if (<= a -2.7e-74) (/ (* -0.5 t_0) (- b a)) (/ (* 0.5 t_0) b))))
assert(a < b);
double code(double a, double b) {
	double t_0 = ((double) M_PI) / (a * b);
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -2.7e-74) {
		tmp = (-0.5 * t_0) / (b - a);
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * t_0) / b;
	}
	return tmp;
}
assert a < b;
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double t_0 = Math.PI / (a * b);
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -2.7e-74) {
		tmp = (-0.5 * t_0) / (b - a);
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * t_0) / b;
	}
	return tmp;
}
[a, b] = sort([a, b])
def code(a, b):
	t_0 = math.pi / (a * b)
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -2.7e-74:
		tmp = (-0.5 * t_0) / (b - a)
	else:
		tmp = (0.5 * t_0) / b
	return tmp
a, b = sort([a, b])
function code(a, b)
	t_0 = Float64(pi / Float64(a * b))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -2.7e-74)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-0.5 * t_0) / Float64(b - a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 * t_0) / b);
	end
	return tmp
end
a, b = num2cell(sort([a, b])){:}
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	t_0 = pi / (a * b);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -2.7e-74)
		tmp = (-0.5 * t_0) / (b - a);
	else
		tmp = (0.5 * t_0) / b;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a_, b_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(Pi / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[a, -2.7e-74], N[(N[(-0.5 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(0.5 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
[a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\\
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -2.7 \cdot 10^{-74}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-0.5 \cdot t\_0}{b - a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot t\_0}{b}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -2.70000000000000018e-74

    1. Initial program 82.3%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-inv82.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. difference-of-squares89.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-/r*90.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      4. div-inv90.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval90.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr90.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
      2. associate-/l*99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{a + b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
      3. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b - a} \]
      4. distribute-neg-frac99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b - a} \]
      5. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b - a} \]
    8. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
      2. associate-*r/99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{a + b}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b - a} \]
    10. Applied egg-rr99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{a + b} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in a around inf 95.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]

    if -2.70000000000000018e-74 < a

    1. Initial program 80.7%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l*80.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
      2. *-rgt-identity80.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 1}}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      3. associate-/l*80.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      4. metadata-eval80.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      5. associate-*l/80.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      6. *-lft-identity80.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      7. sub-neg80.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac80.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      9. metadata-eval80.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. Simplified80.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. metadata-eval80.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      2. div-inv80.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      3. associate-*r/80.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. *-commutative80.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      5. difference-of-squares87.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      6. associate-/r*99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr67.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 67.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in b around inf 68.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 70.9% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{+89}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(-b\right)}}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a -5.5e+89)
   (/ (* 0.5 (/ PI (* a (- b)))) a)
   (/ (* 0.5 (/ PI (* a b))) b)))
assert(a < b);
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -5.5e+89) {
		tmp = (0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / (a * -b))) / a;
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / (a * b))) / b;
	}
	return tmp;
}
assert a < b;
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -5.5e+89) {
		tmp = (0.5 * (Math.PI / (a * -b))) / a;
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * (Math.PI / (a * b))) / b;
	}
	return tmp;
}
[a, b] = sort([a, b])
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -5.5e+89:
		tmp = (0.5 * (math.pi / (a * -b))) / a
	else:
		tmp = (0.5 * (math.pi / (a * b))) / b
	return tmp
a, b = sort([a, b])
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -5.5e+89)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / Float64(a * Float64(-b)))) / a);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / Float64(a * b))) / b);
	end
	return tmp
end
a, b = num2cell(sort([a, b])){:}
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -5.5e+89)
		tmp = (0.5 * (pi / (a * -b))) / a;
	else
		tmp = (0.5 * (pi / (a * b))) / b;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[a, -5.5e+89], N[(N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / N[(a * (-b)), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
[a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{+89}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(-b\right)}}{a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{b}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -5.49999999999999976e89

    1. Initial program 68.3%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l*68.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
      2. *-rgt-identity68.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 1}}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      3. associate-/l*68.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      4. metadata-eval68.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      5. associate-*l/68.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      6. *-lft-identity68.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      7. sub-neg68.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac68.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      9. metadata-eval68.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. Simplified68.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. metadata-eval68.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      2. div-inv68.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      3. associate-*r/68.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. *-commutative68.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      5. difference-of-squares82.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      6. associate-/r*99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr64.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 64.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in b around 0 64.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot a}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-164.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{\color{blue}{-a}} \]
    10. Simplified64.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{\color{blue}{-a}} \]

    if -5.49999999999999976e89 < a

    1. Initial program 83.7%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l*83.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
      2. *-rgt-identity83.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 1}}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      3. associate-/l*83.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      4. metadata-eval83.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
      5. associate-*l/83.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      6. *-lft-identity83.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      7. sub-neg83.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac83.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      9. metadata-eval83.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. Simplified83.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. metadata-eval83.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      2. div-inv83.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      3. associate-*r/83.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. *-commutative83.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
      5. difference-of-squares89.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      6. associate-/r*99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr64.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 64.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in b around inf 65.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification64.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{+89}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(-b\right)}}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{b}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 99.6% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\ \\ \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{a \cdot b} \end{array} \]
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* (* PI (/ 0.5 (+ a b))) (/ 1.0 (* a b))))
assert(a < b);
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (((double) M_PI) * (0.5 / (a + b))) * (1.0 / (a * b));
}
assert a < b;
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (Math.PI * (0.5 / (a + b))) * (1.0 / (a * b));
}
[a, b] = sort([a, b])
def code(a, b):
	return (math.pi * (0.5 / (a + b))) * (1.0 / (a * b))
a, b = sort([a, b])
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(pi * Float64(0.5 / Float64(a + b))) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(a * b)))
end
a, b = num2cell(sort([a, b])){:}
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (pi * (0.5 / (a + b))) * (1.0 / (a * b));
end
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(Pi * N[(0.5 / N[(a + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
[a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\
\\
\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{a \cdot b}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 81.2%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. un-div-inv81.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. difference-of-squares88.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-/r*89.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. div-inv89.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval89.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr89.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
    2. associate-/l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b - a}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b + a}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
    2. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{a + b}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b - a} \]
    3. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b - a} \]
    4. distribute-neg-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b - a} \]
    5. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b - a} \]
  8. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b - a}} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.6%

    \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a + b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a \cdot b}} \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 63.0% accurate, 2.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\ \\ \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{b} \end{array} \]
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ (* 0.5 (/ PI (* a b))) b))
assert(a < b);
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / (a * b))) / b;
}
assert a < b;
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * (Math.PI / (a * b))) / b;
}
[a, b] = sort([a, b])
def code(a, b):
	return (0.5 * (math.pi / (a * b))) / b
a, b = sort([a, b])
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / Float64(a * b))) / b)
end
a, b = num2cell(sort([a, b])){:}
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (0.5 * (pi / (a * b))) / b;
end
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
[a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\
\\
\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{b}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 81.2%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l*81.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
    2. *-rgt-identity81.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 1}}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    3. associate-/l*81.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    4. metadata-eval81.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    5. associate-*l/81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    6. *-lft-identity81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    7. sub-neg81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    9. metadata-eval81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
  3. Simplified81.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. metadata-eval81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    2. div-inv81.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. associate-*r/81.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. *-commutative81.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    5. difference-of-squares88.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    6. associate-/r*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr64.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 64.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in b around inf 61.9%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 62.9% accurate, 2.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\ \\ \frac{0.5}{\frac{b \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}{\pi}} \end{array} \]
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ 0.5 (/ (* b (* a b)) PI)))
assert(a < b);
double code(double a, double b) {
	return 0.5 / ((b * (a * b)) / ((double) M_PI));
}
assert a < b;
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return 0.5 / ((b * (a * b)) / Math.PI);
}
[a, b] = sort([a, b])
def code(a, b):
	return 0.5 / ((b * (a * b)) / math.pi)
a, b = sort([a, b])
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(0.5 / Float64(Float64(b * Float64(a * b)) / pi))
end
a, b = num2cell(sort([a, b])){:}
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.5 / ((b * (a * b)) / pi);
end
NOTE: a and b should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a_, b_] := N[(0.5 / N[(N[(b * N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
[a, b] = \mathsf{sort}([a, b])\\
\\
\frac{0.5}{\frac{b \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}{\pi}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 81.2%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l*81.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
    2. *-rgt-identity81.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 1}}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    3. associate-/l*81.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    4. metadata-eval81.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)\right) \]
    5. associate-*l/81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    6. *-lft-identity81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    7. sub-neg81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    9. metadata-eval81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
  3. Simplified81.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. metadata-eval81.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    2. div-inv81.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    3. associate-*r/81.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. *-commutative81.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \]
    5. difference-of-squares88.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    6. associate-/r*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{2}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr64.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}\right)\right)}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 64.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in b around inf 61.9%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-un-lft-identity61.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{b}} \]
    2. div-inv61.8%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}\right)} \]
    3. clear-num61.8%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{a \cdot b}{\pi}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. associate-*r/61.8%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. un-div-inv61.8%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}}} \cdot \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    6. frac-times61.5%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot 1}{\left(a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}\right) \cdot b}} \]
    7. metadata-eval61.5%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{\left(a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}\right) \cdot b} \]
  10. Applied egg-rr61.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{0.5}{\left(a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}\right) \cdot b}} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lft-identity61.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\left(a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}\right) \cdot b}} \]
    2. *-commutative61.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{b \cdot \left(a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r/61.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{b \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot b}{\pi}}} \]
    4. associate-*r/61.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{\frac{b \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}{\pi}}} \]
  12. Simplified61.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\frac{b \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}{\pi}}} \]
  13. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024172 
(FPCore (a b)
  :name "NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B"
  :precision binary64
  (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))