
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 6 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+ (/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s))))) (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
-1.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log1p (/ PI s))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.9%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 22.0%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.1%
associate-*r*25.1%
neg-mul-125.1%
log1p-define25.1%
Simplified25.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -4.0 (+ (* PI (* u (+ (/ 0.25 u) -0.25))) (* PI (* u -0.25)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -4.0f * ((((float) M_PI) * (u * ((0.25f / u) + -0.25f))) + (((float) M_PI) * (u * -0.25f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / u) + Float32(-0.25)))) + Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(u * Float32(-0.25))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(-4.0) * ((single(pi) * (u * ((single(0.25) / u) + single(-0.25)))) + (single(pi) * (u * single(-0.25)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(u \cdot \left(\frac{0.25}{u} + -0.25\right)\right) + \pi \cdot \left(u \cdot -0.25\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.3%
associate--r+11.3%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.3%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.3%
metadata-eval11.3%
associate-*r*11.3%
distribute-rgt-out11.3%
metadata-eval11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
associate-*l*11.3%
Simplified11.3%
add-log-exp11.3%
exp-prod11.3%
Applied egg-rr11.3%
log1p-expm1-u11.3%
log1p-undefine11.3%
log-pow11.3%
fma-define11.3%
rem-log-exp11.3%
Applied egg-rr11.3%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 11.4%
sub-neg11.4%
associate-*r/11.4%
metadata-eval11.4%
metadata-eval11.4%
Simplified11.4%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -4.0 (+ (* PI (* u -0.25)) (* PI (+ 0.25 (* u -0.25))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -4.0f * ((((float) M_PI) * (u * -0.25f)) + (((float) M_PI) * (0.25f + (u * -0.25f))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(u * Float32(-0.25))) + Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(0.25) + Float32(u * Float32(-0.25)))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(-4.0) * ((single(pi) * (u * single(-0.25))) + (single(pi) * (single(0.25) + (u * single(-0.25))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(u \cdot -0.25\right) + \pi \cdot \left(0.25 + u \cdot -0.25\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.3%
associate--r+11.3%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.3%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.3%
metadata-eval11.3%
associate-*r*11.3%
distribute-rgt-out11.3%
metadata-eval11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
associate-*l*11.3%
Simplified11.3%
Final simplification11.3%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* PI (+ -1.0 (* u 2.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return ((float) M_PI) * (-1.0f + (u * 2.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(u * Float32(2.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(pi) * (single(-1.0) + (u * single(2.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\pi \cdot \left(-1 + u \cdot 2\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.3%
associate--r+11.3%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.3%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.3%
metadata-eval11.3%
associate-*r*11.3%
distribute-rgt-out11.3%
metadata-eval11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
associate-*l*11.3%
Simplified11.3%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.3%
neg-mul-111.3%
+-commutative11.3%
associate-*r*11.3%
neg-mul-111.3%
distribute-rgt-out11.3%
Simplified11.3%
Final simplification11.3%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.1%
neg-mul-111.1%
Simplified11.1%
herbie shell --seed 2024170
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))