
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 12 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (/ 0.25 (exp (/ r s))) (* r (* s (* 2.0 PI)))) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ r (* 3.0 (- s))))) (* r (* s (* PI 6.0))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / expf((r / s))) / (r * (s * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI))))) + ((0.75f * expf((r / (3.0f * -s)))) / (r * (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / exp(Float32(r / s))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(r / Float32(Float32(3.0) * Float32(-s))))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0)))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / exp((r / s))) / (r * (s * (single(2.0) * single(pi))))) + ((single(0.75) * exp((r / (single(3.0) * -s)))) / (r * (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{e^{\frac{r}{s}}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{r}{3 \cdot \left(-s\right)}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
rec-exp99.6%
associate-*r/99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ (/ 0.125 s) PI) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / s) / ((float) M_PI)) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / s) / Float32(pi)) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / s) / single(pi)) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.2%
pow-exp99.5%
associate-*r/99.5%
Applied egg-rr99.5%
*-un-lft-identity99.5%
associate-/r*99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
*-un-lft-identity99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (exp (/ (/ r -3.0) s)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (expf(((r / -3.0f) / s)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r / Float32(-3.0)) / s)) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (exp(((r / single(-3.0)) / s)) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{\frac{r}{-3}}{s}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.2%
pow-exp99.5%
associate-*r/99.5%
Applied egg-rr99.5%
add-sqr-sqrt99.4%
sqrt-unprod99.5%
sqr-neg99.5%
sqrt-unprod-0.0%
add-sqr-sqrt10.1%
distribute-rgt-neg-in10.1%
*-commutative10.1%
distribute-rgt-neg-in10.1%
add-sqr-sqrt10.1%
sqrt-unprod10.1%
sqr-neg10.1%
sqrt-unprod-0.0%
add-sqr-sqrt99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
div-inv99.5%
frac-2neg99.5%
remove-double-neg99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
Applied egg-rr99.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) r)) (/ 0.125 (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) / r)) * (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r)) * Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r)) * (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r}\right) \cdot \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.2%
pow-exp99.5%
associate-*r/99.5%
Applied egg-rr99.5%
Final simplification99.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ r (- s))) (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333))) (* r (* s PI)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((r / -s)) + expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f))) / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) + exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((r / -s)) + exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333)))) / (r * (s * single(pi)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}} + e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.5%
Final simplification99.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* s (log1p (expm1 (* r PI))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (s * log1pf(expm1f((r * ((float) M_PI)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * log1p(expm1(Float32(r * Float32(pi)))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(r \cdot \pi\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.2%
div-inv11.2%
*-commutative11.2%
*-commutative11.2%
associate-*l*11.2%
*-commutative11.2%
Applied egg-rr11.2%
associate-*r/11.2%
metadata-eval11.2%
Simplified11.2%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 11.2%
*-commutative11.2%
associate-*l*11.2%
Simplified11.2%
log1p-expm1-u44.8%
Applied egg-rr44.8%
Final simplification44.8%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ r (* 3.0 (- s))))) (* r (* s (* PI 6.0)))) (/ (/ 0.25 (+ (/ r s) 1.0)) (* r (* s (* 2.0 PI))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.75f * expf((r / (3.0f * -s)))) / (r * (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f)))) + ((0.25f / ((r / s) + 1.0f)) / (r * (s * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(r / Float32(Float32(3.0) * Float32(-s))))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(r / s) + Float32(1.0))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.75) * exp((r / (single(3.0) * -s)))) / (r * (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0))))) + ((single(0.25) / ((r / s) + single(1.0))) / (r * (s * (single(2.0) * single(pi))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{r}{3 \cdot \left(-s\right)}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)\right)} + \frac{\frac{0.25}{\frac{r}{s} + 1}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
rec-exp99.6%
associate-*r/99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 18.6%
Final simplification18.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ (/ 0.125 s) PI) (+ (/ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) r) (+ (/ (- -1.0 (* (/ r s) -0.5)) s) (/ 1.0 r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / s) / ((float) M_PI)) * ((expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) / r) + (((-1.0f - ((r / s) * -0.5f)) / s) + (1.0f / r)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / s) / Float32(pi)) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) - Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.5))) / s) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / r)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / s) / single(pi)) * ((exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r) + (((single(-1.0) - ((r / s) * single(-0.5))) / s) + (single(1.0) / r))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r} + \left(\frac{-1 - \frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.5}{s} + \frac{1}{r}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.2%
pow-exp99.5%
associate-*r/99.5%
Applied egg-rr99.5%
*-un-lft-identity99.5%
associate-/r*99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
*-un-lft-identity99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 12.8%
Final simplification12.8%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) r) (+ (/ (- -1.0 (* (/ r s) -0.5)) s) (/ 1.0 r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) / r) + (((-1.0f - ((r / s) * -0.5f)) / s) + (1.0f / r)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) - Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.5))) / s) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / r)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r) + (((single(-1.0) - ((r / s) * single(-0.5))) / s) + (single(1.0) / r))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r} + \left(\frac{-1 - \frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.5}{s} + \frac{1}{r}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.2%
pow-exp99.5%
associate-*r/99.5%
Applied egg-rr99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 12.7%
Final simplification12.7%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(/
(-
(/ 0.25 (* r PI))
(/
(+ (/ (* (/ r PI) -0.06944444444444445) s) (/ 0.16666666666666666 PI))
s))
s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (r * ((float) M_PI))) - (((((r / ((float) M_PI)) * -0.06944444444444445f) / s) + (0.16666666666666666f / ((float) M_PI))) / s)) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(pi))) - Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(r / Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.06944444444444445)) / s) + Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(pi))) / s)) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (r * single(pi))) - (((((r / single(pi)) * single(-0.06944444444444445)) / s) + (single(0.16666666666666666) / single(pi))) / s)) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \pi} - \frac{\frac{\frac{r}{\pi} \cdot -0.06944444444444445}{s} + \frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi}}{s}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
+-commutative99.6%
times-frac99.6%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
times-frac99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
times-frac99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 12.7%
mul-1-neg12.7%
Simplified12.7%
Final simplification12.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (- (/ 0.25 (* r PI)) (/ 0.16666666666666666 (* s PI))) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (r * ((float) M_PI))) - (0.16666666666666666f / (s * ((float) M_PI)))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(pi))) - Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (r * single(pi))) - (single(0.16666666666666666) / (s * single(pi)))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \pi} - \frac{0.16666666666666666}{s \cdot \pi}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.4%
associate-*r/11.4%
metadata-eval11.4%
associate-*r/11.4%
metadata-eval11.4%
Simplified11.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* r (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (r * (s * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.2%
herbie shell --seed 2024170
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))