Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.6%
Time: 14.1s
Alternatives: 14
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 14 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(2 \cdot \log \left(\sqrt{t}\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (* 2.0 (log (sqrt t))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * (2.0 * log(sqrt(t))));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * (2.0d0 * log(sqrt(t))))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * (2.0 * Math.log(Math.sqrt(t))));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * (2.0 * math.log(math.sqrt(t))))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * Float64(2.0 * log(sqrt(t)))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * (2.0 * log(sqrt(t))));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[(2.0 * N[Log[N[Sqrt[t], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(2 \cdot \log \left(\sqrt{t}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-sqr-sqrt99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \sqrt{t}\right)} \]
    2. log-prod99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(\sqrt{t}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt{t}\right)\right)} \]
  4. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(\sqrt{t}\right) + \log \left(\sqrt{t}\right)\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. count-299.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \log \left(\sqrt{t}\right)\right)} \]
  6. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \log \left(\sqrt{t}\right)\right)} \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 85.2% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.1 \cdot 10^{-16}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\log z + \log y\right) + a \cdot \log t\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 1.1e-16)
   (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (log z) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
   (- (+ (+ (log z) (log y)) (* a (log t))) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.1e-16) {
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
	} else {
		tmp = ((log(z) + log(y)) + (a * log(t))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 1.1d-16) then
        tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t)))
    else
        tmp = ((log(z) + log(y)) + (a * log(t))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.1e-16) {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) + (Math.log(z) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t)));
	} else {
		tmp = ((Math.log(z) + Math.log(y)) + (a * Math.log(t))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 1.1e-16:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) + (math.log(z) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t)))
	else:
		tmp = ((math.log(z) + math.log(y)) + (a * math.log(t))) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 1.1e-16)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(log(z) + log(y)) + Float64(a * log(t))) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 1.1e-16)
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
	else
		tmp = ((log(z) + log(y)) + (a * log(t))) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 1.1e-16], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.1 \cdot 10^{-16}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\left(\log z + \log y\right) + a \cdot \log t\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 1.1e-16

    1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around 0 99.2%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]

    if 1.1e-16 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 76.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r+76.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} - t \]
      2. sub-neg76.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}\right) - t \]
      3. metadata-eval76.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right)\right) - t \]
    7. Simplified76.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right) - t} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in a around inf 75.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t}\right) - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification87.0%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.1 \cdot 10^{-16}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\log z + \log y\right) + a \cdot \log t\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 68.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log z + \log y\\ \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.1 \cdot 10^{-16}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(t\_1 + a \cdot \log t\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (+ (log z) (log y))))
   (if (<= t 1.1e-16)
     (+ t_1 (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))
     (- (+ t_1 (* a (log t))) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(z) + log(y);
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.1e-16) {
		tmp = t_1 + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = (t_1 + (a * log(t))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(z) + log(y)
    if (t <= 1.1d-16) then
        tmp = t_1 + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
    else
        tmp = (t_1 + (a * log(t))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(z) + Math.log(y);
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.1e-16) {
		tmp = t_1 + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = (t_1 + (a * Math.log(t))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(z) + math.log(y)
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 1.1e-16:
		tmp = t_1 + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
	else:
		tmp = (t_1 + (a * math.log(t))) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(z) + log(y))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 1.1e-16)
		tmp = Float64(t_1 + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(t_1 + Float64(a * log(t))) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(z) + log(y);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 1.1e-16)
		tmp = t_1 + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
	else
		tmp = (t_1 + (a * log(t))) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t, 1.1e-16], N[(t$95$1 + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(t$95$1 + N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log z + \log y\\
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.1 \cdot 10^{-16}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(t\_1 + a \cdot \log t\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 1.1e-16

    1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around 0 99.2%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 59.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative59.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \log z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 - a\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    8. Simplified59.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \left(0.5 - a\right) \cdot \log t} \]

    if 1.1e-16 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 76.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r+76.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} - t \]
      2. sub-neg76.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}\right) - t \]
      3. metadata-eval76.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right)\right) - t \]
    7. Simplified76.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right) - t} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in a around inf 75.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t}\right) - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification67.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.1 \cdot 10^{-16}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z + \log y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\log z + \log y\right) + a \cdot \log t\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 80.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 470:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z + \log y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 470.0)
   (+ (+ (log z) (log y)) (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))
   (- (* a (log t)) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 470.0) {
		tmp = (log(z) + log(y)) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = (a * log(t)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 470.0d0) then
        tmp = (log(z) + log(y)) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
    else
        tmp = (a * log(t)) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 470.0) {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) + Math.log(y)) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = (a * Math.log(t)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 470.0:
		tmp = (math.log(z) + math.log(y)) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
	else:
		tmp = (a * math.log(t)) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 470.0)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) + log(y)) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(a * log(t)) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 470.0)
		tmp = (log(z) + log(y)) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
	else
		tmp = (a * log(t)) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 470.0], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 470:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z + \log y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 470

    1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around 0 98.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 59.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative59.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log y + \log z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 - a\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    8. Simplified59.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \left(0.5 - a\right) \cdot \log t} \]

    if 470 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 76.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r+76.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} - t \]
      2. sub-neg76.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}\right) - t \]
      3. metadata-eval76.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right)\right) - t \]
    7. Simplified76.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right) - t} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in a around inf 76.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(\log t + \left(-0.5 \cdot \frac{\log t}{a} + \left(\frac{\log y}{a} + \frac{\log z}{a}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
    9. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.6%

      \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{\log t} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification78.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 470:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z + \log y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 80.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 480:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 480.0)
   (+ (log y) (+ (log z) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
   (- (* a (log t)) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 480.0) {
		tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
	} else {
		tmp = (a * log(t)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 480.0d0) then
        tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t)))
    else
        tmp = (a * log(t)) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 480.0) {
		tmp = Math.log(y) + (Math.log(z) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t)));
	} else {
		tmp = (a * Math.log(t)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 480.0:
		tmp = math.log(y) + (math.log(z) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t)))
	else:
		tmp = (a * math.log(t)) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 480.0)
		tmp = Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(z) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(a * log(t)) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 480.0)
		tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
	else
		tmp = (a * log(t)) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 480.0], N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 480:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 480

    1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around 0 98.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 59.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+59.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
      2. *-commutative59.7%

        \[\leadsto \log y + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(0.5 - a\right) \cdot \log t}\right) \]
    8. Simplified59.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z - \left(0.5 - a\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]

    if 480 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 76.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r+76.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} - t \]
      2. sub-neg76.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}\right) - t \]
      3. metadata-eval76.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right)\right) - t \]
    7. Simplified76.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right) - t} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in a around inf 76.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(\log t + \left(-0.5 \cdot \frac{\log t}{a} + \left(\frac{\log y}{a} + \frac{\log z}{a}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
    9. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.6%

      \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{\log t} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification78.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 480:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 68.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log z + \log y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right) - t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (- (+ (+ (log z) (log y)) (* (log t) (+ a -0.5))) t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log(z) + log(y)) + (log(t) * (a + -0.5))) - t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log(z) + log(y)) + (log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0)))) - t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log(z) + Math.log(y)) + (Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5))) - t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log(z) + math.log(y)) + (math.log(t) * (a + -0.5))) - t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(z) + log(y)) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5))) - t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log(z) + log(y)) + (log(t) * (a + -0.5))) - t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log z + \log y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right) - t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+r+67.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} - t \]
    2. sub-neg67.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}\right) - t \]
    3. metadata-eval67.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right)\right) - t \]
  7. Simplified67.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right) - t} \]
  8. Final simplification67.9%

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log z + \log y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right) - t \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 78.0% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.17 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.85\right):\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -0.17) (not (<= a 1.85)))
   (- (* a (log t)) t)
   (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -0.17) || !(a <= 1.85)) {
		tmp = (a * log(t)) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-0.17d0)) .or. (.not. (a <= 1.85d0))) then
        tmp = (a * log(t)) - t
    else
        tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -0.17) || !(a <= 1.85)) {
		tmp = (a * Math.log(t)) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) + (Math.log(z) - t);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -0.17) or not (a <= 1.85):
		tmp = (a * math.log(t)) - t
	else:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) + (math.log(z) - t)
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -0.17) || !(a <= 1.85))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(a * log(t)) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - t));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -0.17) || ~((a <= 1.85)))
		tmp = (a * log(t)) - t;
	else
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -0.17], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 1.85]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.17 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.85\right):\\
\;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -0.170000000000000012 or 1.8500000000000001 < a

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 79.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r+79.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} - t \]
      2. sub-neg79.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}\right) - t \]
      3. metadata-eval79.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right)\right) - t \]
    7. Simplified79.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right) - t} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in a around inf 79.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(\log t + \left(-0.5 \cdot \frac{\log t}{a} + \left(\frac{\log y}{a} + \frac{\log z}{a}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
    9. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.2%

      \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{\log t} - t \]

    if -0.170000000000000012 < a < 1.8500000000000001

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 55.8%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{t}\right) \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification75.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.17 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.85\right):\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 86.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 5e-17)
   (+ (log (* (+ x y) z)) (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))
   (- (* a (log t)) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 5e-17) {
		tmp = log(((x + y) * z)) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = (a * log(t)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 5d-17) then
        tmp = log(((x + y) * z)) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
    else
        tmp = (a * log(t)) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 5e-17) {
		tmp = Math.log(((x + y) * z)) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = (a * Math.log(t)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 5e-17:
		tmp = math.log(((x + y) * z)) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
	else:
		tmp = (a * math.log(t)) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 5e-17)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(Float64(x + y) * z)) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(a * log(t)) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 5e-17)
		tmp = log(((x + y) * z)) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
	else
		tmp = (a * log(t)) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 5e-17], N[(N[Log[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 4.9999999999999999e-17

    1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around 0 99.2%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]
      2. sum-log74.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) \]
    7. Applied egg-rr74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]

    if 4.9999999999999999e-17 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 76.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r+76.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} - t \]
      2. sub-neg76.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}\right) - t \]
      3. metadata-eval76.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right)\right) - t \]
    7. Simplified76.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right) - t} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in a around inf 76.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(\log t + \left(-0.5 \cdot \frac{\log t}{a} + \left(\frac{\log y}{a} + \frac{\log z}{a}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
    9. Taylor expanded in a around inf 97.9%

      \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{\log t} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification86.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 73.7% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.06 \cdot 10^{-16}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 1.06e-16)
   (+ (log (* y z)) (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))
   (- (* a (log t)) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.06e-16) {
		tmp = log((y * z)) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = (a * log(t)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 1.06d-16) then
        tmp = log((y * z)) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
    else
        tmp = (a * log(t)) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.06e-16) {
		tmp = Math.log((y * z)) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = (a * Math.log(t)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 1.06e-16:
		tmp = math.log((y * z)) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
	else:
		tmp = (a * math.log(t)) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 1.06e-16)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(y * z)) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(a * log(t)) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 1.06e-16)
		tmp = log((y * z)) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
	else
		tmp = (a * log(t)) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 1.06e-16], N[(N[Log[N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.06 \cdot 10^{-16}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 1.06e-16

    1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around 0 99.2%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]
      2. sum-log74.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) \]
    7. Applied egg-rr74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in x around 0 43.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) \]

    if 1.06e-16 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 76.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r+76.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} - t \]
      2. sub-neg76.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}\right) - t \]
      3. metadata-eval76.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right)\right) - t \]
    7. Simplified76.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right) - t} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in a around inf 76.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(\log t + \left(-0.5 \cdot \frac{\log t}{a} + \left(\frac{\log y}{a} + \frac{\log z}{a}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
    9. Taylor expanded in a around inf 97.9%

      \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{\log t} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification71.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.06 \cdot 10^{-16}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 61.2% accurate, 2.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{+22} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.06 \cdot 10^{+80}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -5.5e+22) (not (<= a 1.06e+80))) (* a (log t)) (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -5.5e+22) || !(a <= 1.06e+80)) {
		tmp = a * log(t);
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-5.5d+22)) .or. (.not. (a <= 1.06d+80))) then
        tmp = a * log(t)
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -5.5e+22) || !(a <= 1.06e+80)) {
		tmp = a * Math.log(t);
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -5.5e+22) or not (a <= 1.06e+80):
		tmp = a * math.log(t)
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -5.5e+22) || !(a <= 1.06e+80))
		tmp = Float64(a * log(t));
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -5.5e+22) || ~((a <= 1.06e+80)))
		tmp = a * log(t);
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -5.5e+22], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 1.06e+80]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{+22} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.06 \cdot 10^{+80}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -5.50000000000000021e22 or 1.05999999999999996e80 < a

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 83.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative83.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    7. Simplified83.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -5.50000000000000021e22 < a < 1.05999999999999996e80

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 49.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-149.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    7. Simplified49.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification63.0%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{+22} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.06 \cdot 10^{+80}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 73.9% accurate, 3.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ a \cdot \log t - t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- (* a (log t)) t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (a * log(t)) - t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (a * log(t)) - t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (a * Math.log(t)) - t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (a * math.log(t)) - t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(a * log(t)) - t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (a * log(t)) - t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
a \cdot \log t - t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+r+67.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} - t \]
    2. sub-neg67.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}\right) - t \]
    3. metadata-eval67.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right)\right) - t \]
  7. Simplified67.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\right) - t} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in a around inf 67.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(\log t + \left(-0.5 \cdot \frac{\log t}{a} + \left(\frac{\log y}{a} + \frac{\log z}{a}\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
  9. Taylor expanded in a around inf 71.9%

    \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{\log t} - t \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 37.5% accurate, 156.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = -t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return -t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(-t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = -t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := (-t)
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 36.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-136.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  7. Simplified36.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 14: 2.4% accurate, 313.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 0.0)
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return 0.0;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = 0.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return 0.0;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return 0.0
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return 0.0
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := 0.0
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 36.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-136.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  7. Simplified36.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u1.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(-t\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-undefine1.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-t\right)} - 1} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr1.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-t\right)} - 1} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. sub-neg1.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-t\right)} + \left(-1\right)} \]
    2. log1p-undefine1.4%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(1 + \left(-t\right)\right)}} + \left(-1\right) \]
    3. rem-exp-log36.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-t\right)\right)} + \left(-1\right) \]
    4. unsub-neg36.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - t\right)} + \left(-1\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval36.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - t\right) + \color{blue}{-1} \]
  11. Simplified36.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - t\right) + -1} \]
  12. Taylor expanded in t around 0 2.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} + -1 \]
  13. Step-by-step derivation
    1. metadata-eval2.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
  14. Applied egg-rr2.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
  15. Add Preprocessing

Developer Target 1: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return Math.log((x + y)) + ((Math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return math.log((x + y)) + ((math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)
\end{array}

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024170 
(FPCore (x y z t a)
  :name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2"
  :precision binary64

  :alt
  (! :herbie-platform default (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 1/2) (log t)))))

  (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))