
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 12 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+ (/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s))))) (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
-1.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (/ PI s))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + (1.0f + (((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + (single(1.0) + (single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + \left(1 + \frac{\pi}{s}\right)}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 87.1%
Final simplification87.1%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (+ 1.0 (/ PI s))))
(-
(* -4.0 (/ (* s (* u (- (* (/ PI s) -0.25) (* (/ PI s) 0.25)))) t_0))
(* s (log t_0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f + (((float) M_PI) / s);
return (-4.0f * ((s * (u * (((((float) M_PI) / s) * -0.25f) - ((((float) M_PI) / s) * 0.25f)))) / t_0)) - (s * logf(t_0));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(pi) / s)) return Float32(Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(s * Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) / s) * Float32(-0.25)) - Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) / s) * Float32(0.25))))) / t_0)) - Float32(s * log(t_0))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) + (single(pi) / s); tmp = (single(-4.0) * ((s * (u * (((single(pi) / s) * single(-0.25)) - ((single(pi) / s) * single(0.25))))) / t_0)) - (s * log(t_0)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := 1 + \frac{\pi}{s}\\
-4 \cdot \frac{s \cdot \left(u \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{s} \cdot -0.25 - \frac{\pi}{s} \cdot 0.25\right)\right)}{t\_0} - s \cdot \log t\_0
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.1%
Final simplification25.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- (* 2.0 (* u (/ PI (+ 1.0 (/ PI s))))) (* s (log1p (/ PI s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return (2.0f * (u * (((float) M_PI) / (1.0f + (((float) M_PI) / s))))) - (s * log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(u * Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))) - Float32(s * log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
2 \cdot \left(u \cdot \frac{\pi}{1 + \frac{\pi}{s}}\right) - s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.8%
add-log-exp14.2%
*-commutative14.2%
exp-to-pow14.2%
Applied egg-rr14.2%
Simplified14.2%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.1%
+-commutative25.1%
mul-1-neg25.1%
unsub-neg25.1%
associate-/l*25.1%
log1p-define25.1%
Simplified25.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (* u (- -2.0)) (log1p (/ PI s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * ((u * -(-2.0f)) - log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(-Float32(-2.0))) - log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(u \cdot \left(--2\right) - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.1%
log1p-define25.1%
associate-*r/25.1%
associate-*r/25.1%
associate-*r/25.1%
div-sub25.1%
associate-/l*25.1%
distribute-rgt-out--25.1%
metadata-eval25.1%
Simplified25.1%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 25.1%
*-commutative25.1%
Simplified25.1%
Final simplification25.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (+ 1.0 (/ PI s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((1.0f + (((float) M_PI) / s)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(1.0) + (single(pi) / s))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(1 + \frac{\pi}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log1p (/ PI s))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.1%
associate-*r*25.1%
neg-mul-125.1%
log1p-define25.1%
Simplified25.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (/ PI (- s)) (* -2.0 (/ (* u PI) s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * ((((float) M_PI) / -s) - (-2.0f * ((u * ((float) M_PI)) / s)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s)) - Float32(Float32(-2.0) * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(pi)) / s)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * ((single(pi) / -s) - (single(-2.0) * ((u * single(pi)) / s))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{-s} - -2 \cdot \frac{u \cdot \pi}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 10.8%
associate-*r/10.8%
associate--r+10.8%
cancel-sign-sub-inv10.8%
cancel-sign-sub-inv10.8%
metadata-eval10.8%
associate-*r*10.8%
distribute-rgt-out10.8%
metadata-eval10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
associate-*r*10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
Simplified10.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 10.8%
Final simplification10.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* PI (+ -1.0 (* u 2.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return ((float) M_PI) * (-1.0f + (u * 2.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(u * Float32(2.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(pi) * (single(-1.0) + (u * single(2.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\pi \cdot \left(-1 + u \cdot 2\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 10.8%
associate--r+10.8%
cancel-sign-sub-inv10.8%
cancel-sign-sub-inv10.8%
metadata-eval10.8%
associate-*r*10.8%
distribute-rgt-out10.8%
metadata-eval10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
associate-*r*10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
Simplified10.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 10.8%
neg-mul-110.8%
+-commutative10.8%
associate-*r*10.8%
neg-mul-110.8%
distribute-rgt-out10.8%
Simplified10.8%
Final simplification10.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (/ (* s (- PI)) s))
float code(float u, float s) {
return (s * -((float) M_PI)) / s;
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(pi))) / s) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = (s * -single(pi)) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{s \cdot \left(-\pi\right)}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 10.6%
associate-*r/10.6%
Applied egg-rr10.6%
Final simplification10.6%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (/ PI s)))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * (((float) M_PI) / s);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * Float32(Float32(pi) / s)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * (single(pi) / s); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 10.6%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 10.6%
neg-mul-110.6%
Simplified10.6%
herbie shell --seed 2024169
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))