Migdal et al, Equation (51)

Percentage Accurate: 99.4% → 99.5%
Time: 15.0s
Alternatives: 15
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt k)) (pow (* (* 2.0 PI) n) (/ (- 1.0 k) 2.0))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return (1.0 / sqrt(k)) * pow(((2.0 * ((double) M_PI)) * n), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return (1.0 / Math.sqrt(k)) * Math.pow(((2.0 * Math.PI) * n), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0));
}
def code(k, n):
	return (1.0 / math.sqrt(k)) * math.pow(((2.0 * math.pi) * n), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0))
function code(k, n)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 / sqrt(k)) * (Float64(Float64(2.0 * pi) * n) ^ Float64(Float64(1.0 - k) / 2.0)))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = (1.0 / sqrt(k)) * (((2.0 * pi) * n) ^ ((1.0 - k) / 2.0));
end
code[k_, n_] := N[(N[(1.0 / N[Sqrt[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[N[(N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * n), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(1.0 - k), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 15 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt k)) (pow (* (* 2.0 PI) n) (/ (- 1.0 k) 2.0))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return (1.0 / sqrt(k)) * pow(((2.0 * ((double) M_PI)) * n), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return (1.0 / Math.sqrt(k)) * Math.pow(((2.0 * Math.PI) * n), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0));
}
def code(k, n):
	return (1.0 / math.sqrt(k)) * math.pow(((2.0 * math.pi) * n), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0))
function code(k, n)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 / sqrt(k)) * (Float64(Float64(2.0 * pi) * n) ^ Float64(Float64(1.0 - k) / 2.0)))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = (1.0 / sqrt(k)) * (((2.0 * pi) * n) ^ ((1.0 - k) / 2.0));
end
code[k_, n_] := N[(N[(1.0 / N[Sqrt[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[N[(N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * n), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(1.0 - k), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.5% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\\ \frac{\frac{\sqrt{t\_0}}{{t\_0}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* n PI))))
   (/ (/ (sqrt t_0) (pow t_0 (* k 0.5))) (sqrt k))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	double t_0 = 2.0 * (n * ((double) M_PI));
	return (sqrt(t_0) / pow(t_0, (k * 0.5))) / sqrt(k);
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	double t_0 = 2.0 * (n * Math.PI);
	return (Math.sqrt(t_0) / Math.pow(t_0, (k * 0.5))) / Math.sqrt(k);
}
def code(k, n):
	t_0 = 2.0 * (n * math.pi)
	return (math.sqrt(t_0) / math.pow(t_0, (k * 0.5))) / math.sqrt(k)
function code(k, n)
	t_0 = Float64(2.0 * Float64(n * pi))
	return Float64(Float64(sqrt(t_0) / (t_0 ^ Float64(k * 0.5))) / sqrt(k))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	t_0 = 2.0 * (n * pi);
	tmp = (sqrt(t_0) / (t_0 ^ (k * 0.5))) / sqrt(k);
end
code[k_, n_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(2.0 * N[(n * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(N[Sqrt[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[t$95$0, N[(k * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\\
\frac{\frac{\sqrt{t\_0}}{{t\_0}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    2. *-un-lft-identity99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    3. associate-*r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    4. div-sub99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{k}{2}\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    5. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\color{blue}{0.5} - \frac{k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    6. pow-div99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.5}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{k}{2}\right)}}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    7. pow1/299.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{k}{2}\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    8. associate-/l/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{k}{2}\right)}}} \]
    9. div-inv99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(k \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}} \]
    10. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right)}} \]
  4. Applied egg-rr99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-rgt-identity99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)} \cdot 1}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}} \]
    2. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}} \]
    3. times-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}} \]
    4. associate-*l/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    5. *-lft-identity99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    6. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    7. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
  6. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.5% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\\ \frac{\sqrt{t\_0}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {t\_0}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* PI (* 2.0 n))))
   (/ (sqrt t_0) (* (sqrt k) (pow t_0 (* k 0.5))))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	double t_0 = ((double) M_PI) * (2.0 * n);
	return sqrt(t_0) / (sqrt(k) * pow(t_0, (k * 0.5)));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	double t_0 = Math.PI * (2.0 * n);
	return Math.sqrt(t_0) / (Math.sqrt(k) * Math.pow(t_0, (k * 0.5)));
}
def code(k, n):
	t_0 = math.pi * (2.0 * n)
	return math.sqrt(t_0) / (math.sqrt(k) * math.pow(t_0, (k * 0.5)))
function code(k, n)
	t_0 = Float64(pi * Float64(2.0 * n))
	return Float64(sqrt(t_0) / Float64(sqrt(k) * (t_0 ^ Float64(k * 0.5))))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	t_0 = pi * (2.0 * n);
	tmp = sqrt(t_0) / (sqrt(k) * (t_0 ^ (k * 0.5)));
end
code[k_, n_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(Pi * N[(2.0 * n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[Sqrt[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Sqrt[k], $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[t$95$0, N[(k * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\\
\frac{\sqrt{t\_0}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {t\_0}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    2. *-un-lft-identity99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    3. associate-*r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    4. div-sub99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{k}{2}\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    5. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\color{blue}{0.5} - \frac{k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    6. pow-div99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.5}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{k}{2}\right)}}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    7. pow1/299.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{k}{2}\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    8. associate-/l/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{k}{2}\right)}}} \]
    9. div-inv99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(k \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}} \]
    10. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right)}} \]
  4. Applied egg-rr99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    2. unpow1/299.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\color{blue}{{k}^{0.5}}} \]
    3. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{{k}^{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot 0.25\right)}}} \]
    4. pow-sqr99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\color{blue}{{k}^{0.25} \cdot {k}^{0.25}}} \]
    5. fabs-sqr99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\color{blue}{\left|{k}^{0.25} \cdot {k}^{0.25}\right|}} \]
    6. pow-sqr99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\left|\color{blue}{{k}^{\left(2 \cdot 0.25\right)}}\right|} \]
    7. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\left|{k}^{\color{blue}{0.5}}\right|} \]
    8. unpow1/299.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\left|\color{blue}{\sqrt{k}}\right|} \]
    9. fabs-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\color{blue}{\left|-\sqrt{k}\right|}} \]
    10. neg-mul-199.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\left|\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sqrt{k}}\right|} \]
    11. rem-square-sqrt0.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\left|\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-1} \cdot \sqrt{-1}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{k}\right|} \]
    12. unpow1/20.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\left|\left(\sqrt{-1} \cdot \sqrt{-1}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{k}^{0.5}}\right|} \]
    13. metadata-eval0.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\left|\left(\sqrt{-1} \cdot \sqrt{-1}\right) \cdot {k}^{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot 0.25\right)}}\right|} \]
    14. pow-sqr0.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\left|\left(\sqrt{-1} \cdot \sqrt{-1}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left({k}^{0.25} \cdot {k}^{0.25}\right)}\right|} \]
    15. unswap-sqr0.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\left|\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-1} \cdot {k}^{0.25}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{-1} \cdot {k}^{0.25}\right)}\right|} \]
    16. fabs-sqr0.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-1} \cdot {k}^{0.25}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{-1} \cdot {k}^{0.25}\right)}} \]
    17. unswap-sqr0.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-1} \cdot \sqrt{-1}\right) \cdot \left({k}^{0.25} \cdot {k}^{0.25}\right)}} \]
    18. rem-square-sqrt26.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\color{blue}{-1} \cdot \left({k}^{0.25} \cdot {k}^{0.25}\right)} \]
    19. pow-sqr26.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{-1 \cdot \color{blue}{{k}^{\left(2 \cdot 0.25\right)}}} \]
    20. metadata-eval26.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{-1 \cdot {k}^{\color{blue}{0.5}}} \]
    21. unpow1/226.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
  6. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}} \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 10^{-65}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{t\_0}}{\sqrt{k}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{{t\_0}^{\left(1 - k\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{k}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* PI (* 2.0 n))))
   (if (<= k 1e-65)
     (/ (sqrt t_0) (sqrt k))
     (sqrt (* (pow t_0 (- 1.0 k)) (/ 1.0 k))))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	double t_0 = ((double) M_PI) * (2.0 * n);
	double tmp;
	if (k <= 1e-65) {
		tmp = sqrt(t_0) / sqrt(k);
	} else {
		tmp = sqrt((pow(t_0, (1.0 - k)) * (1.0 / k)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	double t_0 = Math.PI * (2.0 * n);
	double tmp;
	if (k <= 1e-65) {
		tmp = Math.sqrt(t_0) / Math.sqrt(k);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.sqrt((Math.pow(t_0, (1.0 - k)) * (1.0 / k)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(k, n):
	t_0 = math.pi * (2.0 * n)
	tmp = 0
	if k <= 1e-65:
		tmp = math.sqrt(t_0) / math.sqrt(k)
	else:
		tmp = math.sqrt((math.pow(t_0, (1.0 - k)) * (1.0 / k)))
	return tmp
function code(k, n)
	t_0 = Float64(pi * Float64(2.0 * n))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (k <= 1e-65)
		tmp = Float64(sqrt(t_0) / sqrt(k));
	else
		tmp = sqrt(Float64((t_0 ^ Float64(1.0 - k)) * Float64(1.0 / k)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(k, n)
	t_0 = pi * (2.0 * n);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (k <= 1e-65)
		tmp = sqrt(t_0) / sqrt(k);
	else
		tmp = sqrt(((t_0 ^ (1.0 - k)) * (1.0 / k)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[k_, n_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(Pi * N[(2.0 * n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[k, 1e-65], N[(N[Sqrt[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[t$95$0, N[(1.0 - k), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / k), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;k \leq 10^{-65}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{t\_0}}{\sqrt{k}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\sqrt{{t\_0}^{\left(1 - k\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{k}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if k < 9.99999999999999923e-66

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in k around 0 69.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative69.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
      2. associate-/l*69.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    5. Simplified69.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow169.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}\right)}^{1}} \]
      2. *-commutative69.9%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}}^{1} \]
      3. sqrt-unprod70.2%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}}^{1} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr70.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}^{1}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow170.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
      2. *-commutative70.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}} \]
      3. associate-*r*70.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
      4. *-commutative70.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
    9. Simplified70.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/70.1%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
      2. *-commutative70.1%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right)} \cdot \pi}{k}} \]
      3. associate-*r*70.1%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{k}} \]
      4. sqrt-div99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      5. associate-*r*99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      6. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      7. add-sqr-sqrt99.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      8. *-un-lft-identity99.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \sqrt{k}}} \]
      9. times-frac99.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{1} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr99.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{1} \cdot \frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. /-rgt-identity99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}} \cdot \frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      2. associate-*r/99.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25} \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      3. pow-sqr99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(2 \cdot 0.25\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      4. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{0.5}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      5. unpow1/299.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      6. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    13. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(n \cdot 2\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]

    if 9.99999999999999923e-66 < k

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      2. *-un-lft-identity99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      3. associate-*r*99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      4. div-sub99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{k}{2}\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      5. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\color{blue}{0.5} - \frac{k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      6. pow-div99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.5}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{k}{2}\right)}}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      7. pow1/299.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{k}{2}\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      8. associate-/l/99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{k}{2}\right)}}} \]
      9. div-inv99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(k \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}} \]
      10. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right)}} \]
    4. Applied egg-rr99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-rgt-identity99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)} \cdot 1}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}} \]
      2. *-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}} \]
      3. times-frac99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}} \]
      4. associate-*l/99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      5. *-lft-identity99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      6. *-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      7. *-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    6. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      2. add-sqr-sqrt99.8%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}}}\right)} \]
      3. sqrt-unprod99.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}}}} \]
      4. frac-times99.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot \sqrt{k}}}} \]
    8. Applied egg-rr98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity98.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
      2. *-commutative98.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\color{blue}{\left(\left(n \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 2\right)}}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}} \]
    10. Simplified98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(\left(n \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 2\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. div-inv98.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(n \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 2\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{k}}} \]
      2. *-commutative98.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot n\right)} \cdot 2\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{k}} \]
      3. associate-*l*98.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(n \cdot 2\right)\right)}}^{\left(1 - k\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{k}} \]
    12. Applied egg-rr98.9%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(n \cdot 2\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{k}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification99.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 10^{-65}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{k}}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 99.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 5.5 \cdot 10^{-66}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= k 5.5e-66)
   (/ (sqrt (* PI (* 2.0 n))) (sqrt k))
   (sqrt (/ (pow (* 2.0 (* n PI)) (- 1.0 k)) k))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	double tmp;
	if (k <= 5.5e-66) {
		tmp = sqrt((((double) M_PI) * (2.0 * n))) / sqrt(k);
	} else {
		tmp = sqrt((pow((2.0 * (n * ((double) M_PI))), (1.0 - k)) / k));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	double tmp;
	if (k <= 5.5e-66) {
		tmp = Math.sqrt((Math.PI * (2.0 * n))) / Math.sqrt(k);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.sqrt((Math.pow((2.0 * (n * Math.PI)), (1.0 - k)) / k));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(k, n):
	tmp = 0
	if k <= 5.5e-66:
		tmp = math.sqrt((math.pi * (2.0 * n))) / math.sqrt(k)
	else:
		tmp = math.sqrt((math.pow((2.0 * (n * math.pi)), (1.0 - k)) / k))
	return tmp
function code(k, n)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (k <= 5.5e-66)
		tmp = Float64(sqrt(Float64(pi * Float64(2.0 * n))) / sqrt(k));
	else
		tmp = sqrt(Float64((Float64(2.0 * Float64(n * pi)) ^ Float64(1.0 - k)) / k));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(k, n)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (k <= 5.5e-66)
		tmp = sqrt((pi * (2.0 * n))) / sqrt(k);
	else
		tmp = sqrt((((2.0 * (n * pi)) ^ (1.0 - k)) / k));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[k_, n_] := If[LessEqual[k, 5.5e-66], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(Pi * N[(2.0 * n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(2.0 * N[(n * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 - k), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / k), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;k \leq 5.5 \cdot 10^{-66}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if k < 5.50000000000000053e-66

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in k around 0 69.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative69.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
      2. associate-/l*69.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    5. Simplified69.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow169.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}\right)}^{1}} \]
      2. *-commutative69.9%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}}^{1} \]
      3. sqrt-unprod70.2%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}}^{1} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr70.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}^{1}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow170.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
      2. *-commutative70.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}} \]
      3. associate-*r*70.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
      4. *-commutative70.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
    9. Simplified70.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/70.1%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
      2. *-commutative70.1%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right)} \cdot \pi}{k}} \]
      3. associate-*r*70.1%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{k}} \]
      4. sqrt-div99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      5. associate-*r*99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      6. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      7. add-sqr-sqrt99.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      8. *-un-lft-identity99.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \sqrt{k}}} \]
      9. times-frac99.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{1} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr99.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{1} \cdot \frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. /-rgt-identity99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}} \cdot \frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      2. associate-*r/99.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25} \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      3. pow-sqr99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(2 \cdot 0.25\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      4. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{0.5}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      5. unpow1/299.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      6. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    13. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(n \cdot 2\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]

    if 5.50000000000000053e-66 < k

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Applied egg-rr98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(2 \cdot \left(0.5 + k \cdot -0.5\right)\right)}}{k}}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. distribute-rgt-in98.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot 2 + \left(k \cdot -0.5\right) \cdot 2\right)}}}{k}} \]
      2. metadata-eval98.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\color{blue}{1} + \left(k \cdot -0.5\right) \cdot 2\right)}}{k}} \]
      3. associate-*l*98.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 + \color{blue}{k \cdot \left(-0.5 \cdot 2\right)}\right)}}{k}} \]
      4. metadata-eval98.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 + k \cdot \color{blue}{-1}\right)}}{k}} \]
      5. *-commutative98.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot k}\right)}}{k}} \]
      6. neg-mul-198.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 + \color{blue}{\left(-k\right)}\right)}}{k}} \]
      7. sub-neg98.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(1 - k\right)}}}{k}} \]
      8. *-commutative98.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}} \]
    5. Simplified98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification99.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 5.5 \cdot 10^{-66}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 60.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 1.22 \cdot 10^{+76}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(-1 + \mathsf{fma}\left(n, \frac{2}{k}, 1\right)\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= k 1.22e+76)
   (/ (sqrt (* PI (* 2.0 n))) (sqrt k))
   (sqrt (* PI (+ -1.0 (fma n (/ 2.0 k) 1.0))))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	double tmp;
	if (k <= 1.22e+76) {
		tmp = sqrt((((double) M_PI) * (2.0 * n))) / sqrt(k);
	} else {
		tmp = sqrt((((double) M_PI) * (-1.0 + fma(n, (2.0 / k), 1.0))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(k, n)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (k <= 1.22e+76)
		tmp = Float64(sqrt(Float64(pi * Float64(2.0 * n))) / sqrt(k));
	else
		tmp = sqrt(Float64(pi * Float64(-1.0 + fma(n, Float64(2.0 / k), 1.0))));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[k_, n_] := If[LessEqual[k, 1.22e+76], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(Pi * N[(2.0 * n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Sqrt[N[(Pi * N[(-1.0 + N[(n * N[(2.0 / k), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;k \leq 1.22 \cdot 10^{+76}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(-1 + \mathsf{fma}\left(n, \frac{2}{k}, 1\right)\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if k < 1.22000000000000002e76

    1. Initial program 99.1%

      \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in k around 0 63.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative63.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
      2. associate-/l*63.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    5. Simplified63.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow163.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}\right)}^{1}} \]
      2. *-commutative63.2%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}}^{1} \]
      3. sqrt-unprod63.4%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}}^{1} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr63.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}^{1}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow163.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
      2. *-commutative63.4%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}} \]
      3. associate-*r*63.4%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
      4. *-commutative63.4%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
    9. Simplified63.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/63.4%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
      2. *-commutative63.4%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right)} \cdot \pi}{k}} \]
      3. associate-*r*63.4%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{k}} \]
      4. sqrt-div83.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      5. associate-*r*83.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      6. *-commutative83.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      7. add-sqr-sqrt82.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      8. *-un-lft-identity82.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \sqrt{k}}} \]
      9. times-frac82.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{1} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr82.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{1} \cdot \frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. /-rgt-identity82.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}} \cdot \frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      2. associate-*r/83.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25} \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      3. pow-sqr83.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(2 \cdot 0.25\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      4. metadata-eval83.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{0.5}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      5. unpow1/283.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      6. *-commutative83.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    13. Simplified83.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(n \cdot 2\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]

    if 1.22000000000000002e76 < k

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in k around 0 2.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative2.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
      2. associate-/l*2.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    5. Simplified2.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow12.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}\right)}^{1}} \]
      2. *-commutative2.7%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}}^{1} \]
      3. sqrt-unprod2.7%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}}^{1} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr2.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}^{1}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow12.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
      2. *-commutative2.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}} \]
      3. associate-*r*2.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
      4. *-commutative2.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
    9. Simplified2.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in n around 0 2.7%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/2.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}{k}}} \]
      2. associate-*r*2.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi}}{k}} \]
      3. associate-*l/2.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot n}{k} \cdot \pi}} \]
      4. *-rgt-identity2.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot 1}}{k} \cdot \pi} \]
      5. associate-*r/2.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{k}\right)} \cdot \pi} \]
      6. *-commutative2.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{k}\right)}} \]
      7. *-commutative2.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{k} \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}} \]
      8. associate-*r*2.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{k} \cdot 2\right) \cdot n\right)}} \]
      9. associate-*l/2.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 2}{k}} \cdot n\right)} \]
      10. metadata-eval2.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2}}{k} \cdot n\right)} \]
    12. Simplified2.7%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(\frac{2}{k} \cdot n\right)}} \]
    13. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-log1p-u2.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{k} \cdot n\right)\right)}} \]
      2. expm1-undefine39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{k} \cdot n\right)} - 1\right)}} \]
      3. associate-*l/39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot n}{k}}\right)} - 1\right)} \]
      4. *-un-lft-identity39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2 \cdot n}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot k}}\right)} - 1\right)} \]
      5. times-frac39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{2}{1} \cdot \frac{n}{k}}\right)} - 1\right)} \]
      6. metadata-eval39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{2} \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)} - 1\right)} \]
    14. Applied egg-rr39.8%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)} - 1\right)}} \]
    15. Step-by-step derivation
      1. sub-neg39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)} + \left(-1\right)\right)}} \]
      2. metadata-eval39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)} + \color{blue}{-1}\right)} \]
      3. +-commutative39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 + e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)}\right)}} \]
      4. log1p-undefine39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(-1 + e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(1 + 2 \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)}}\right)} \]
      5. rem-exp-log39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(-1 + \color{blue}{\left(1 + 2 \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)}\right)} \]
      6. +-commutative39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(-1 + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{n}{k} + 1\right)}\right)} \]
      7. associate-*r/39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(-1 + \left(\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot n}{k}} + 1\right)\right)} \]
      8. *-commutative39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(-1 + \left(\frac{\color{blue}{n \cdot 2}}{k} + 1\right)\right)} \]
      9. associate-/l*39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(-1 + \left(\color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{2}{k}} + 1\right)\right)} \]
      10. fma-define39.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(-1 + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(n, \frac{2}{k}, 1\right)}\right)} \]
    16. Simplified39.8%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 + \mathsf{fma}\left(n, \frac{2}{k}, 1\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification66.1%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 1.22 \cdot 10^{+76}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(-1 + \mathsf{fma}\left(n, \frac{2}{k}, 1\right)\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 51.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 4.2 \cdot 10^{+246}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}\right)}^{1.5}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= k 4.2e+246)
   (/ (sqrt (* PI (* 2.0 n))) (sqrt k))
   (cbrt (pow (* 2.0 (/ (* n PI) k)) 1.5))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	double tmp;
	if (k <= 4.2e+246) {
		tmp = sqrt((((double) M_PI) * (2.0 * n))) / sqrt(k);
	} else {
		tmp = cbrt(pow((2.0 * ((n * ((double) M_PI)) / k)), 1.5));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	double tmp;
	if (k <= 4.2e+246) {
		tmp = Math.sqrt((Math.PI * (2.0 * n))) / Math.sqrt(k);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cbrt(Math.pow((2.0 * ((n * Math.PI) / k)), 1.5));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(k, n)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (k <= 4.2e+246)
		tmp = Float64(sqrt(Float64(pi * Float64(2.0 * n))) / sqrt(k));
	else
		tmp = cbrt((Float64(2.0 * Float64(Float64(n * pi) / k)) ^ 1.5));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[k_, n_] := If[LessEqual[k, 4.2e+246], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(Pi * N[(2.0 * n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Power[N[Power[N[(2.0 * N[(N[(n * Pi), $MachinePrecision] / k), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1.5], $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;k \leq 4.2 \cdot 10^{+246}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}\right)}^{1.5}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if k < 4.2e246

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in k around 0 44.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative44.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
      2. associate-/l*44.5%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    5. Simplified44.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow144.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}\right)}^{1}} \]
      2. *-commutative44.5%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}}^{1} \]
      3. sqrt-unprod44.7%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}}^{1} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr44.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}^{1}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow144.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
      2. *-commutative44.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}} \]
      3. associate-*r*44.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
      4. *-commutative44.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
    9. Simplified44.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/44.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
      2. *-commutative44.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right)} \cdot \pi}{k}} \]
      3. associate-*r*44.7%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{k}} \]
      4. sqrt-div58.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      5. associate-*r*58.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      6. *-commutative58.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      7. add-sqr-sqrt58.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      8. *-un-lft-identity58.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \sqrt{k}}} \]
      9. times-frac58.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{1} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr58.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{1} \cdot \frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. /-rgt-identity58.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}} \cdot \frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      2. associate-*r/58.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25} \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      3. pow-sqr58.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(2 \cdot 0.25\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      4. metadata-eval58.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{0.5}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      5. unpow1/258.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      6. *-commutative58.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    13. Simplified58.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(n \cdot 2\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]

    if 4.2e246 < k

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in k around 0 2.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative2.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
      2. associate-/l*2.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    5. Simplified2.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow12.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}\right)}^{1}} \]
      2. *-commutative2.9%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}}^{1} \]
      3. sqrt-unprod2.9%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}}^{1} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr2.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}^{1}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow12.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
      2. *-commutative2.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}} \]
      3. associate-*r*2.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
      4. *-commutative2.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
    9. Simplified2.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cbrt-cube17.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}}} \]
      2. add-sqr-sqrt17.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{\left(\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
      3. associate-*r/17.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
      4. *-commutative17.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right)} \cdot \pi}{k} \cdot \sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
      5. associate-*r*17.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{k} \cdot \sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
      6. pow117.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}{k}\right)}^{1}} \cdot \sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
      7. pow1/217.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}{k}\right)}^{1} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}^{0.5}}} \]
      8. associate-*r/17.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}{k}\right)}^{1} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi}{k}\right)}}^{0.5}} \]
      9. *-commutative17.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}{k}\right)}^{1} \cdot {\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right)} \cdot \pi}{k}\right)}^{0.5}} \]
      10. associate-*r*17.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}{k}\right)}^{1} \cdot {\left(\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{k}\right)}^{0.5}} \]
      11. pow-prod-up17.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}{k}\right)}^{\left(1 + 0.5\right)}}} \]
      12. associate-/l*17.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}\right)}}^{\left(1 + 0.5\right)}} \]
      13. *-commutative17.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot n}}{k}\right)}^{\left(1 + 0.5\right)}} \]
      14. metadata-eval17.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot n}{k}\right)}^{\color{blue}{1.5}}} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr17.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot n}{k}\right)}^{1.5}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification53.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 4.2 \cdot 10^{+246}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}\right)}^{1.5}}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 99.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(0.5 - \frac{k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (pow (* 2.0 (* n PI)) (- 0.5 (/ k 2.0))) (sqrt k)))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return pow((2.0 * (n * ((double) M_PI))), (0.5 - (k / 2.0))) / sqrt(k);
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.pow((2.0 * (n * Math.PI)), (0.5 - (k / 2.0))) / Math.sqrt(k);
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.pow((2.0 * (n * math.pi)), (0.5 - (k / 2.0))) / math.sqrt(k)
function code(k, n)
	return Float64((Float64(2.0 * Float64(n * pi)) ^ Float64(0.5 - Float64(k / 2.0))) / sqrt(k))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = ((2.0 * (n * pi)) ^ (0.5 - (k / 2.0))) / sqrt(k);
end
code[k_, n_] := N[(N[Power[N[(2.0 * N[(n * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 - N[(k / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(0.5 - \frac{k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    2. *-lft-identity99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    3. associate-*l*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    4. div-sub99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{k}{2}\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    5. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\color{blue}{0.5} - \frac{k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
  3. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(0.5 - \frac{k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Final simplification99.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(0.5 - \frac{k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 50.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n) :precision binary64 (/ (sqrt (* PI (* 2.0 n))) (sqrt k)))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return sqrt((((double) M_PI) * (2.0 * n))) / sqrt(k);
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.sqrt((Math.PI * (2.0 * n))) / Math.sqrt(k);
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.sqrt((math.pi * (2.0 * n))) / math.sqrt(k)
function code(k, n)
	return Float64(sqrt(Float64(pi * Float64(2.0 * n))) / sqrt(k))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = sqrt((pi * (2.0 * n))) / sqrt(k);
end
code[k_, n_] := N[(N[Sqrt[N[(Pi * N[(2.0 * n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in k around 0 39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    2. associate-/l*39.3%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  5. Simplified39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. pow139.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}\right)}^{1}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}}^{1} \]
    3. sqrt-unprod39.5%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}}^{1} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}^{1}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow139.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r*39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    4. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
  9. Simplified39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/39.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right)} \cdot \pi}{k}} \]
    3. associate-*r*39.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{k}} \]
    4. sqrt-div51.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    5. associate-*r*51.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    6. *-commutative51.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    7. add-sqr-sqrt51.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    8. *-un-lft-identity51.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \sqrt{k}}} \]
    9. times-frac51.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{1} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
  11. Applied egg-rr51.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{1} \cdot \frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. /-rgt-identity51.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}} \cdot \frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    2. associate-*r/51.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25} \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{0.25}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    3. pow-sqr51.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(2 \cdot 0.25\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    4. metadata-eval51.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{0.5}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    5. unpow1/251.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    6. *-commutative51.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
  13. Simplified51.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(n \cdot 2\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
  14. Final simplification51.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
  15. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 50.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sqrt{\frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot n} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n) :precision binary64 (* (sqrt (/ PI k)) (sqrt (* 2.0 n))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return sqrt((((double) M_PI) / k)) * sqrt((2.0 * n));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.sqrt((Math.PI / k)) * Math.sqrt((2.0 * n));
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.sqrt((math.pi / k)) * math.sqrt((2.0 * n))
function code(k, n)
	return Float64(sqrt(Float64(pi / k)) * sqrt(Float64(2.0 * n)))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = sqrt((pi / k)) * sqrt((2.0 * n));
end
code[k_, n_] := N[(N[Sqrt[N[(Pi / k), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[N[(2.0 * n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\sqrt{\frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot n}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in k around 0 39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    2. associate-/l*39.3%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  5. Simplified39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. pow139.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}\right)}^{1}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}}^{1} \]
    3. sqrt-unprod39.5%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}}^{1} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}^{1}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow139.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r*39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    4. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
  9. Simplified39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{k} \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)}} \]
    3. sqrt-prod51.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot n}} \]
  11. Applied egg-rr51.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot n}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative51.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot 2}} \]
  13. Simplified51.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot 2}} \]
  14. Final simplification51.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot n} \]
  15. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 50.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sqrt{2 \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{n} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n) :precision binary64 (* (sqrt (* 2.0 (/ PI k))) (sqrt n)))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return sqrt((2.0 * (((double) M_PI) / k))) * sqrt(n);
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.sqrt((2.0 * (Math.PI / k))) * Math.sqrt(n);
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.sqrt((2.0 * (math.pi / k))) * math.sqrt(n)
function code(k, n)
	return Float64(sqrt(Float64(2.0 * Float64(pi / k))) * sqrt(n))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = sqrt((2.0 * (pi / k))) * sqrt(n);
end
code[k_, n_] := N[(N[Sqrt[N[(2.0 * N[(Pi / k), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[n], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\sqrt{2 \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{n}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in k around 0 39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    2. associate-/l*39.3%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  5. Simplified39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. pow139.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}\right)}^{1}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}}^{1} \]
    3. sqrt-unprod39.5%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}}^{1} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}^{1}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow139.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r*39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    4. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
  9. Simplified39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. sqrt-prod51.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{n \cdot 2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    2. *-commutative51.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot n}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\pi}{k}} \]
    3. sqrt-prod51.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\pi}{k}} \]
    4. associate-*r*51.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \left(\sqrt{n} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\pi}{k}}\right)} \]
    5. *-commutative51.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{n}\right)} \]
    6. associate-*r*51.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\pi}{k}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{n}} \]
    7. sqrt-unprod51.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \cdot \sqrt{n} \]
  11. Applied egg-rr51.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{n}} \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 50.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sqrt{n} \cdot \sqrt{\pi \cdot \frac{2}{k}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n) :precision binary64 (* (sqrt n) (sqrt (* PI (/ 2.0 k)))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return sqrt(n) * sqrt((((double) M_PI) * (2.0 / k)));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.sqrt(n) * Math.sqrt((Math.PI * (2.0 / k)));
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.sqrt(n) * math.sqrt((math.pi * (2.0 / k)))
function code(k, n)
	return Float64(sqrt(n) * sqrt(Float64(pi * Float64(2.0 / k))))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = sqrt(n) * sqrt((pi * (2.0 / k)));
end
code[k_, n_] := N[(N[Sqrt[n], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[N[(Pi * N[(2.0 / k), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\sqrt{n} \cdot \sqrt{\pi \cdot \frac{2}{k}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in k around 0 39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    2. associate-/l*39.3%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  5. Simplified39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. pow139.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}\right)}^{1}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}}^{1} \]
    3. sqrt-unprod39.5%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}}^{1} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}^{1}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow139.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r*39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    4. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
  9. Simplified39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l*39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}} \]
    2. sqrt-prod51.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{n} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  11. Applied egg-rr51.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{n} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative51.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{n} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{k} \cdot 2}} \]
    2. associate-*l/51.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{n} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 2}{k}}} \]
    3. associate-/l*51.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{n} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{2}{k}}} \]
  13. Simplified51.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{n} \cdot \sqrt{\pi \cdot \frac{2}{k}}} \]
  14. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 39.3% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ {\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{k}{\pi}}{n}\right)}^{-0.5} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n) :precision binary64 (pow (* 0.5 (/ (/ k PI) n)) -0.5))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return pow((0.5 * ((k / ((double) M_PI)) / n)), -0.5);
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.pow((0.5 * ((k / Math.PI) / n)), -0.5);
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.pow((0.5 * ((k / math.pi) / n)), -0.5)
function code(k, n)
	return Float64(0.5 * Float64(Float64(k / pi) / n)) ^ -0.5
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = (0.5 * ((k / pi) / n)) ^ -0.5;
end
code[k_, n_] := N[Power[N[(0.5 * N[(N[(k / Pi), $MachinePrecision] / n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -0.5], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
{\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{k}{\pi}}{n}\right)}^{-0.5}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in k around 0 39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    2. associate-/l*39.3%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  5. Simplified39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. pow139.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}\right)}^{1}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}}^{1} \]
    3. sqrt-unprod39.5%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}}^{1} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}^{1}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow139.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r*39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    4. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
  9. Simplified39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/39.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right)} \cdot \pi}{k}} \]
    3. associate-*r*39.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}{k}} \]
    4. clear-num39.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{k}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}}} \]
    5. sqrt-div39.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{1}}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}}} \]
    6. metadata-eval39.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}} \]
    7. *-un-lft-identity39.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot k}}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}} \]
    8. times-frac39.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{k}{n \cdot \pi}}}} \]
    9. metadata-eval39.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{0.5} \cdot \frac{k}{n \cdot \pi}}} \]
    10. *-commutative39.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{0.5 \cdot \frac{k}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot n}}}} \]
  11. Applied egg-rr39.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{0.5 \cdot \frac{k}{\pi \cdot n}}}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/39.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot k}{\pi \cdot n}}}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{k \cdot 0.5}}{\pi \cdot n}}} \]
    3. times-frac39.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{k}{\pi} \cdot \frac{0.5}{n}}}} \]
  13. Simplified39.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{\pi} \cdot \frac{0.5}{n}}}} \]
  14. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-un-lft-identity39.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{\pi} \cdot \frac{0.5}{n}}}} \]
    2. inv-pow39.8%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\frac{k}{\pi} \cdot \frac{0.5}{n}}\right)}^{-1}} \]
    3. sqrt-pow239.9%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{\pi} \cdot \frac{0.5}{n}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)}} \]
    4. *-commutative39.9%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{0.5}{n} \cdot \frac{k}{\pi}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)} \]
    5. frac-times39.9%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{0.5 \cdot k}{n \cdot \pi}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)} \]
    6. *-un-lft-identity39.9%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot {\left(\frac{0.5 \cdot k}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)} \]
    7. times-frac39.9%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{0.5}{1} \cdot \frac{k}{n \cdot \pi}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)} \]
    8. metadata-eval39.9%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot {\left(\color{blue}{0.5} \cdot \frac{k}{n \cdot \pi}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)} \]
    9. *-commutative39.9%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot {\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{k}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot n}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)} \]
    10. metadata-eval39.9%

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot {\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{k}{\pi \cdot n}\right)}^{\color{blue}{-0.5}} \]
  15. Applied egg-rr39.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot {\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{k}{\pi \cdot n}\right)}^{-0.5}} \]
  16. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lft-identity39.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{k}{\pi \cdot n}\right)}^{-0.5}} \]
    2. associate-/r*40.0%

      \[\leadsto {\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{k}{\pi}}{n}}\right)}^{-0.5} \]
  17. Simplified40.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{k}{\pi}}{n}\right)}^{-0.5}} \]
  18. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 38.6% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n) :precision binary64 (sqrt (* (* 2.0 n) (/ PI k))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return sqrt(((2.0 * n) * (((double) M_PI) / k)));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.sqrt(((2.0 * n) * (Math.PI / k)));
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.sqrt(((2.0 * n) * (math.pi / k)))
function code(k, n)
	return sqrt(Float64(Float64(2.0 * n) * Float64(pi / k)))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = sqrt(((2.0 * n) * (pi / k)));
end
code[k_, n_] := N[Sqrt[N[(N[(2.0 * n), $MachinePrecision] * N[(Pi / k), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in k around 0 39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    2. associate-/l*39.3%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  5. Simplified39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. pow139.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}\right)}^{1}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}}^{1} \]
    3. sqrt-unprod39.5%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}}^{1} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}^{1}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow139.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r*39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    4. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
  9. Simplified39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  10. Final simplification39.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 14: 38.6% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sqrt{\pi \cdot \frac{2 \cdot n}{k}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n) :precision binary64 (sqrt (* PI (/ (* 2.0 n) k))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return sqrt((((double) M_PI) * ((2.0 * n) / k)));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.sqrt((Math.PI * ((2.0 * n) / k)));
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.sqrt((math.pi * ((2.0 * n) / k)))
function code(k, n)
	return sqrt(Float64(pi * Float64(Float64(2.0 * n) / k)))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = sqrt((pi * ((2.0 * n) / k)));
end
code[k_, n_] := N[Sqrt[N[(Pi * N[(N[(2.0 * n), $MachinePrecision] / k), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\sqrt{\pi \cdot \frac{2 \cdot n}{k}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in k around 0 39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    2. associate-/l*39.3%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  5. Simplified39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. pow139.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}\right)}^{1}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}}^{1} \]
    3. sqrt-unprod39.5%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}}^{1} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}^{1}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow139.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r*39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    4. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
  9. Simplified39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  10. Taylor expanded in n around 0 39.4%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/39.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}{k}}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{k}} \]
    3. associate-*l/39.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{2}{k} \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}} \]
    4. metadata-eval39.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot 1}}{k} \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)} \]
    5. associate-*r/39.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{k}\right)} \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)} \]
    6. *-commutative39.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{k}\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*l*39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{k}\right)\right)}} \]
    8. associate-*r/39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(n \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot 1}{k}}\right)} \]
    9. metadata-eval39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{2}}{k}\right)} \]
    10. associate-*r/39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n \cdot 2}{k}}} \]
  12. Simplified39.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{n \cdot 2}{k}}} \]
  13. Final simplification39.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \frac{2 \cdot n}{k}} \]
  14. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 15: 38.6% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{2}{k}\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n) :precision binary64 (sqrt (* PI (* n (/ 2.0 k)))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return sqrt((((double) M_PI) * (n * (2.0 / k))));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.sqrt((Math.PI * (n * (2.0 / k))));
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.sqrt((math.pi * (n * (2.0 / k))))
function code(k, n)
	return sqrt(Float64(pi * Float64(n * Float64(2.0 / k))))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = sqrt((pi * (n * (2.0 / k))));
end
code[k_, n_] := N[Sqrt[N[(Pi * N[(n * N[(2.0 / k), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{2}{k}\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in k around 0 39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    2. associate-/l*39.3%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  5. Simplified39.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. pow139.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}\right)}^{1}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.3%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}}^{1} \]
    3. sqrt-unprod39.5%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}}^{1} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}\right)}^{1}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow139.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    2. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r*39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
    4. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}} \]
  9. Simplified39.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\pi}{k}}} \]
  10. Taylor expanded in n around 0 39.4%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/39.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)}{k}}} \]
    2. associate-*r*39.4%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi}}{k}} \]
    3. associate-*l/39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot n}{k} \cdot \pi}} \]
    4. *-rgt-identity39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot 1}}{k} \cdot \pi} \]
    5. associate-*r/39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{k}\right)} \cdot \pi} \]
    6. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{k}\right)}} \]
    7. *-commutative39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{k} \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}} \]
    8. associate-*r*39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{k} \cdot 2\right) \cdot n\right)}} \]
    9. associate-*l/39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 2}{k}} \cdot n\right)} \]
    10. metadata-eval39.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2}}{k} \cdot n\right)} \]
  12. Simplified39.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(\frac{2}{k} \cdot n\right)}} \]
  13. Final simplification39.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \left(n \cdot \frac{2}{k}\right)} \]
  14. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024166 
(FPCore (k n)
  :name "Migdal et al, Equation (51)"
  :precision binary64
  (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt k)) (pow (* (* 2.0 PI) n) (/ (- 1.0 k) 2.0))))