
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 12 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (/ 0.125 (exp (/ r s))) (* r (* s PI))) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) (* r (* s (* PI 6.0)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / expf((r / s))) / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)))) + (0.75f * (expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) / (r * (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / exp(Float32(r / s))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0))))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / exp((r / s))) / (r * (s * single(pi)))) + (single(0.75) * (exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / (r * (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.125}{e^{\frac{r}{s}}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
times-frac99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
distribute-frac-neg99.7%
associate-/l*99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*r*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.7%
associate-*r/99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
associate-*r/99.7%
rec-exp99.7%
associate-*r/99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
Simplified99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ (- r) s)) (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333))) (* r (* s PI)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((-r / s)) + expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f))) / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) + exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((-r / s)) + exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333)))) / (r * (s * single(pi)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}} + e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* s (log1p (expm1 (* r PI))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (s * log1pf(expm1f((r * ((float) M_PI)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * log1p(expm1(Float32(r * Float32(pi)))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(r \cdot \pi\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.0%
div-inv9.0%
Applied egg-rr9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
metadata-eval9.0%
associate-*r*9.0%
Simplified9.0%
pow19.0%
*-commutative9.0%
associate-*r*9.0%
Applied egg-rr9.0%
unpow19.0%
*-commutative9.0%
*-commutative9.0%
Simplified9.0%
log1p-expm1-u44.2%
Applied egg-rr44.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) (* r (* s (* PI 6.0))))) (/ (/ 0.125 (+ (/ r s) 1.0)) (* r (* s PI)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.75f * (expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) / (r * (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f))))) + ((0.125f / ((r / s) + 1.0f)) / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0)))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(Float32(r / s) + Float32(1.0))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.75) * (exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / (r * (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0)))))) + ((single(0.125) / ((r / s) + single(1.0))) / (r * (s * single(pi)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)\right)} + \frac{\frac{0.125}{\frac{r}{s} + 1}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
times-frac99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
distribute-frac-neg99.7%
associate-/l*99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*r*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.7%
associate-*r/99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
associate-*r/99.7%
rec-exp99.7%
associate-*r/99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 14.9%
Final simplification14.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (+ (+ (/ 0.25 (* r PI)) (* (/ (/ r (pow s 2.0)) PI) 0.06944444444444445)) (/ -0.16666666666666666 (* s PI))) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (((0.25f / (r * ((float) M_PI))) + (((r / powf(s, 2.0f)) / ((float) M_PI)) * 0.06944444444444445f)) + (-0.16666666666666666f / (s * ((float) M_PI)))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(pi))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(r / (s ^ Float32(2.0))) / Float32(pi)) * Float32(0.06944444444444445))) + Float32(Float32(-0.16666666666666666) / Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (((single(0.25) / (r * single(pi))) + (((r / (s ^ single(2.0))) / single(pi)) * single(0.06944444444444445))) + (single(-0.16666666666666666) / (s * single(pi)))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \pi} + \frac{\frac{r}{{s}^{2}}}{\pi} \cdot 0.06944444444444445\right) + \frac{-0.16666666666666666}{s \cdot \pi}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.1%
Simplified10.1%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (- (/ 0.25 (* r PI)) (/ (- (/ 0.16666666666666666 PI) (/ (* 0.06944444444444445 (/ r PI)) s)) s)) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (r * ((float) M_PI))) - (((0.16666666666666666f / ((float) M_PI)) - ((0.06944444444444445f * (r / ((float) M_PI))) / s)) / s)) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(pi))) - Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(pi)) - Float32(Float32(Float32(0.06944444444444445) * Float32(r / Float32(pi))) / s)) / s)) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (r * single(pi))) - (((single(0.16666666666666666) / single(pi)) - ((single(0.06944444444444445) * (r / single(pi))) / s)) / s)) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \pi} - \frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi} - \frac{0.06944444444444445 \cdot \frac{r}{\pi}}{s}}{s}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 10.1%
mul-1-neg10.1%
Simplified10.1%
distribute-neg-frac10.1%
distribute-rgt-neg-in10.1%
metadata-eval10.1%
Applied egg-rr10.1%
Final simplification10.1%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (/ (- (* PI 0.25) (* (* r PI) (/ 0.16666666666666666 s))) (* PI (* r PI))) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (((((float) M_PI) * 0.25f) - ((r * ((float) M_PI)) * (0.16666666666666666f / s))) / (((float) M_PI) * (r * ((float) M_PI)))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(0.25)) - Float32(Float32(r * Float32(pi)) * Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / s))) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(r * Float32(pi)))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (((single(pi) * single(0.25)) - ((r * single(pi)) * (single(0.16666666666666666) / s))) / (single(pi) * (r * single(pi)))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.25 - \left(r \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{0.16666666666666666}{s}}{\pi \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.1%
associate-*r/9.1%
metadata-eval9.1%
associate-*r/9.1%
metadata-eval9.1%
Simplified9.1%
associate-/r*9.1%
frac-sub9.2%
Applied egg-rr9.2%
Final simplification9.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ (- (/ 0.25 r) (/ 0.16666666666666666 s)) PI) (/ 1.0 s)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (((0.25f / r) - (0.16666666666666666f / s)) / ((float) M_PI)) * (1.0f / s);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / r) - Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / s)) / Float32(pi)) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / s)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (((single(0.25) / r) - (single(0.16666666666666666) / s)) / single(pi)) * (single(1.0) / s); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{r} - \frac{0.16666666666666666}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \frac{1}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.1%
associate-*r/9.1%
metadata-eval9.1%
associate-*r/9.1%
metadata-eval9.1%
Simplified9.1%
div-inv9.1%
associate-/r*9.1%
associate-/r*9.1%
sub-div9.1%
Applied egg-rr9.1%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (/ (- (/ 0.25 r) (/ 0.16666666666666666 s)) PI) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (((0.25f / r) - (0.16666666666666666f / s)) / ((float) M_PI)) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / r) - Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / s)) / Float32(pi)) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (((single(0.25) / r) - (single(0.16666666666666666) / s)) / single(pi)) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{\frac{0.25}{r} - \frac{0.16666666666666666}{s}}{\pi}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.1%
associate-*r/9.1%
metadata-eval9.1%
associate-*r/9.1%
metadata-eval9.1%
Simplified9.1%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 9.1%
associate-*r/9.1%
metadata-eval9.1%
associate-/r*9.1%
associate-*r/9.1%
metadata-eval9.1%
associate-/r*9.1%
div-sub9.1%
Simplified9.1%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (- (/ 0.25 r) (/ 0.16666666666666666 s)) (* s PI)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / r) - (0.16666666666666666f / s)) / (s * ((float) M_PI));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / r) - Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / s)) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / r) - (single(0.16666666666666666) / s)) / (s * single(pi)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{r} - \frac{0.16666666666666666}{s}}{s \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.1%
associate-*r/9.1%
metadata-eval9.1%
associate-*r/9.1%
metadata-eval9.1%
Simplified9.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.1%
div-sub9.1%
associate-*r/9.1%
metadata-eval9.1%
associate-/r*9.0%
associate-/l/9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
metadata-eval9.0%
associate-/r*9.0%
associate-/l/9.0%
div-sub9.1%
Simplified9.1%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* s (* r PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (s * (r * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * Float32(r * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (s * (r * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.0%
div-inv9.0%
Applied egg-rr9.0%
associate-*r/9.0%
metadata-eval9.0%
associate-*r*9.0%
Simplified9.0%
pow19.0%
*-commutative9.0%
associate-*r*9.0%
Applied egg-rr9.0%
unpow19.0%
*-commutative9.0%
*-commutative9.0%
Simplified9.0%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* r (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (r * (s * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.0%
herbie shell --seed 2024163
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))