
(FPCore (x s) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s))) (t_1 (+ 1.0 t_0))) (/ t_0 (* (* s t_1) t_1))))
float code(float x, float s) {
float t_0 = expf((-fabsf(x) / s));
float t_1 = 1.0f + t_0;
return t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1);
}
real(4) function code(x, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: t_0
real(4) :: t_1
t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s))
t_1 = 1.0e0 + t_0
code = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1)
end function
function code(x, s) t_0 = exp(Float32(Float32(-abs(x)) / s)) t_1 = Float32(Float32(1.0) + t_0) return Float32(t_0 / Float32(Float32(s * t_1) * t_1)) end
function tmp = code(x, s) t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s)); t_1 = single(1.0) + t_0; tmp = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\\
t_1 := 1 + t\_0\\
\frac{t\_0}{\left(s \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 9 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x s) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s))) (t_1 (+ 1.0 t_0))) (/ t_0 (* (* s t_1) t_1))))
float code(float x, float s) {
float t_0 = expf((-fabsf(x) / s));
float t_1 = 1.0f + t_0;
return t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1);
}
real(4) function code(x, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: t_0
real(4) :: t_1
t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s))
t_1 = 1.0e0 + t_0
code = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1)
end function
function code(x, s) t_0 = exp(Float32(Float32(-abs(x)) / s)) t_1 = Float32(Float32(1.0) + t_0) return Float32(t_0 / Float32(Float32(s * t_1) * t_1)) end
function tmp = code(x, s) t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s)); t_1 = single(1.0) + t_0; tmp = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\\
t_1 := 1 + t\_0\\
\frac{t\_0}{\left(s \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ x_m (- s))))) (/ (/ t_0 (+ t_0 1.0)) (+ s (/ s (exp (/ x_m s)))))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
float t_0 = expf((x_m / -s));
return (t_0 / (t_0 + 1.0f)) / (s + (s / expf((x_m / s))));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: t_0
t_0 = exp((x_m / -s))
code = (t_0 / (t_0 + 1.0e0)) / (s + (s / exp((x_m / s))))
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) t_0 = exp(Float32(x_m / Float32(-s))) return Float32(Float32(t_0 / Float32(t_0 + Float32(1.0))) / Float32(s + Float32(s / exp(Float32(x_m / s))))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) t_0 = exp((x_m / -s)); tmp = (t_0 / (t_0 + single(1.0))) / (s + (s / exp((x_m / s)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{x\_m}{-s}}\\
\frac{\frac{t\_0}{t\_0 + 1}}{s + \frac{s}{e^{\frac{x\_m}{s}}}}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
distribute-lft-in99.5%
*-rgt-identity99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.5%
associate-/r*99.6%
Simplified66.9%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ x_m (- s))))) (/ t_0 (* s (pow (+ t_0 1.0) 2.0)))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
float t_0 = expf((x_m / -s));
return t_0 / (s * powf((t_0 + 1.0f), 2.0f));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: t_0
t_0 = exp((x_m / -s))
code = t_0 / (s * ((t_0 + 1.0e0) ** 2.0e0))
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) t_0 = exp(Float32(x_m / Float32(-s))) return Float32(t_0 / Float32(s * (Float32(t_0 + Float32(1.0)) ^ Float32(2.0)))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) t_0 = exp((x_m / -s)); tmp = t_0 / (s * ((t_0 + single(1.0)) ^ single(2.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{x\_m}{-s}}\\
\frac{t\_0}{s \cdot {\left(t\_0 + 1\right)}^{2}}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
distribute-frac-neg99.5%
distribute-frac-neg299.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.5%
associate-/r*99.5%
exp-prod99.5%
rem-square-sqrt49.1%
fabs-sqr49.1%
rem-square-sqrt65.5%
exp-prod65.5%
neg-mul-165.5%
distribute-neg-frac265.5%
+-commutative65.5%
exp-prod65.5%
rem-square-sqrt49.1%
fabs-sqr49.1%
rem-square-sqrt66.8%
exp-prod66.9%
neg-mul-166.9%
distribute-neg-frac266.9%
Simplified66.9%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 66.8%
neg-mul-166.8%
distribute-frac-neg266.8%
neg-mul-166.8%
distribute-frac-neg266.8%
Simplified66.8%
Final simplification66.8%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ x_m (- s))))) (/ (/ t_0 (+ t_0 1.0)) (+ s (/ s (+ 1.0 (/ x_m s)))))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
float t_0 = expf((x_m / -s));
return (t_0 / (t_0 + 1.0f)) / (s + (s / (1.0f + (x_m / s))));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: t_0
t_0 = exp((x_m / -s))
code = (t_0 / (t_0 + 1.0e0)) / (s + (s / (1.0e0 + (x_m / s))))
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) t_0 = exp(Float32(x_m / Float32(-s))) return Float32(Float32(t_0 / Float32(t_0 + Float32(1.0))) / Float32(s + Float32(s / Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(x_m / s))))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) t_0 = exp((x_m / -s)); tmp = (t_0 / (t_0 + single(1.0))) / (s + (s / (single(1.0) + (x_m / s)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{x\_m}{-s}}\\
\frac{\frac{t\_0}{t\_0 + 1}}{s + \frac{s}{1 + \frac{x\_m}{s}}}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
distribute-lft-in99.5%
*-rgt-identity99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.5%
associate-/r*99.6%
Simplified66.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 63.5%
+-commutative63.5%
Simplified63.5%
Final simplification63.5%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ (/ (exp (/ x_m (- s))) 2.0) (+ s (/ s (exp (/ x_m s))))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return (expf((x_m / -s)) / 2.0f) / (s + (s / expf((x_m / s))));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = (exp((x_m / -s)) / 2.0e0) / (s + (s / exp((x_m / s))))
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(x_m / Float32(-s))) / Float32(2.0)) / Float32(s + Float32(s / exp(Float32(x_m / s))))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = (exp((x_m / -s)) / single(2.0)) / (s + (s / exp((x_m / s)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{\frac{e^{\frac{x\_m}{-s}}}{2}}{s + \frac{s}{e^{\frac{x\_m}{s}}}}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
distribute-lft-in99.5%
*-rgt-identity99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.5%
associate-/r*99.6%
Simplified66.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 61.6%
Final simplification61.6%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ (/ (exp (/ x_m (- s))) s) 4.0))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return (expf((x_m / -s)) / s) / 4.0f;
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = (exp((x_m / -s)) / s) / 4.0e0
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(x_m / Float32(-s))) / s) / Float32(4.0)) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = (exp((x_m / -s)) / s) / single(4.0); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{\frac{e^{\frac{x\_m}{-s}}}{s}}{4}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
distribute-frac-neg99.5%
distribute-frac-neg299.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.5%
associate-/r*99.5%
exp-prod99.5%
rem-square-sqrt49.1%
fabs-sqr49.1%
rem-square-sqrt65.5%
exp-prod65.5%
neg-mul-165.5%
distribute-neg-frac265.5%
+-commutative65.5%
exp-prod65.5%
rem-square-sqrt49.1%
fabs-sqr49.1%
rem-square-sqrt66.8%
exp-prod66.9%
neg-mul-166.9%
distribute-neg-frac266.9%
Simplified66.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 62.2%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (if (<= x_m 99999998430674940.0) (/ 0.25 s) (/ (+ 0.5 (* (/ x_m s) -0.25)) (/ (* x_m (+ s (- s x_m))) x_m))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
float tmp;
if (x_m <= 99999998430674940.0f) {
tmp = 0.25f / s;
} else {
tmp = (0.5f + ((x_m / s) * -0.25f)) / ((x_m * (s + (s - x_m))) / x_m);
}
return tmp;
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: tmp
if (x_m <= 99999998430674940.0e0) then
tmp = 0.25e0 / s
else
tmp = (0.5e0 + ((x_m / s) * (-0.25e0))) / ((x_m * (s + (s - x_m))) / x_m)
end if
code = tmp
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (x_m <= Float32(99999998430674940.0)) tmp = Float32(Float32(0.25) / s); else tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) + Float32(Float32(x_m / s) * Float32(-0.25))) / Float32(Float32(x_m * Float32(s + Float32(s - x_m))) / x_m)); end return tmp end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp_2 = code(x_m, s) tmp = single(0.0); if (x_m <= single(99999998430674940.0)) tmp = single(0.25) / s; else tmp = (single(0.5) + ((x_m / s) * single(-0.25))) / ((x_m * (s + (s - x_m))) / x_m); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x\_m \leq 99999998430674940:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.25}{s}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 + \frac{x\_m}{s} \cdot -0.25}{\frac{x\_m \cdot \left(s + \left(s - x\_m\right)\right)}{x\_m}}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < 9.99999984e16Initial program 99.4%
fabs-neg99.4%
distribute-frac-neg99.4%
distribute-frac-neg299.4%
fabs-neg99.4%
*-commutative99.4%
fabs-neg99.4%
+-commutative99.4%
fabs-neg99.4%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 38.4%
if 9.99999984e16 < x Initial program 100.0%
*-commutative100.0%
fabs-neg100.0%
+-commutative100.0%
fabs-neg100.0%
distribute-lft-in100.0%
*-rgt-identity100.0%
+-commutative100.0%
Simplified100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 100.0%
associate-/r*100.0%
Simplified100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 3.2%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 3.8%
mul-1-neg3.8%
unsub-neg3.8%
Simplified3.8%
flip-+26.9%
div-sub26.9%
pow226.9%
associate--r-26.9%
pow226.9%
associate--r-26.9%
Applied egg-rr26.9%
div-sub26.9%
unpow226.9%
unpow226.9%
difference-of-squares26.9%
associate-+l-26.9%
+-inverses26.9%
+-lft-identity26.9%
+-inverses26.9%
+-lft-identity26.9%
Simplified26.9%
Final simplification37.0%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ (+ 0.5 (* (/ x_m s) -0.25)) (+ s (+ s (* x_m (+ (* (/ x_m s) 0.5) -1.0))))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return (0.5f + ((x_m / s) * -0.25f)) / (s + (s + (x_m * (((x_m / s) * 0.5f) + -1.0f))));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = (0.5e0 + ((x_m / s) * (-0.25e0))) / (s + (s + (x_m * (((x_m / s) * 0.5e0) + (-1.0e0)))))
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) + Float32(Float32(x_m / s) * Float32(-0.25))) / Float32(s + Float32(s + Float32(x_m * Float32(Float32(Float32(x_m / s) * Float32(0.5)) + Float32(-1.0)))))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = (single(0.5) + ((x_m / s) * single(-0.25))) / (s + (s + (x_m * (((x_m / s) * single(0.5)) + single(-1.0))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{0.5 + \frac{x\_m}{s} \cdot -0.25}{s + \left(s + x\_m \cdot \left(\frac{x\_m}{s} \cdot 0.5 + -1\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
distribute-lft-in99.5%
*-rgt-identity99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.5%
associate-/r*99.6%
Simplified66.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 54.3%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 45.3%
Final simplification45.3%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ 0.5 (+ s (- s x_m))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return 0.5f / (s + (s - x_m));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = 0.5e0 / (s + (s - x_m))
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(Float32(0.5) / Float32(s + Float32(s - x_m))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = single(0.5) / (s + (s - x_m)); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{0.5}{s + \left(s - x\_m\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
distribute-lft-in99.5%
*-rgt-identity99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.5%
associate-/r*99.6%
Simplified66.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 54.3%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 34.1%
mul-1-neg34.1%
unsub-neg34.1%
Simplified34.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 35.2%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 s))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return 0.25f / s;
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = 0.25e0 / s
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / s) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = single(0.25) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{0.25}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
distribute-frac-neg99.5%
distribute-frac-neg299.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
+-commutative99.5%
fabs-neg99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 34.4%
herbie shell --seed 2024160
(FPCore (x s)
:name "Logistic distribution"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631))
(/ (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s)) (* (* s (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s)))) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s))))))