
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 12 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (pow E (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (powf(((float) M_E), (-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s))) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32((Float32(exp(1)) ^ Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + ((single(2.71828182845904523536) ^ (single(-0.3333333333333333) * (r / s))) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{{e}^{\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}\right)}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.5%
pow-exp99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
*-un-lft-identity99.7%
exp-prod99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
clear-num99.7%
un-div-inv99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
exp-1-e99.7%
associate-/r/99.7%
associate-*l/99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (exp (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (expf((-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s))) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (exp((single(-0.3333333333333333) * (r / s))) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.5%
pow-exp99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ r (- s))) (exp (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s)))) (* (* s PI) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((r / -s)) + expf((-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s)))) / ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) + exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s)))) / Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((r / -s)) + exp((single(-0.3333333333333333) * (r / s)))) / ((s * single(pi)) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}} + e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.7%
mul-1-neg99.7%
rec-exp99.6%
frac-2neg99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
distribute-neg-frac299.6%
distribute-neg-frac99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
rec-exp99.7%
distribute-neg-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* s (log1p (expm1 (* PI r))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (s * log1pf(expm1f((((float) M_PI) * r))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * log1p(expm1(Float32(Float32(pi) * r))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\pi \cdot r\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.4%
div-inv8.4%
Applied egg-rr8.4%
associate-*r/8.4%
metadata-eval8.4%
associate-/r*8.4%
Simplified8.4%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.4%
*-commutative8.4%
associate-*r*8.4%
*-commutative8.4%
Simplified8.4%
log1p-expm1-u46.9%
*-commutative46.9%
Applied egg-rr46.9%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* (* s PI) r)))
(+
(/ (/ 0.125 (+ (/ r s) 1.0)) t_0)
(* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0)))) (* t_0 6.0))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
float t_0 = (s * ((float) M_PI)) * r;
return ((0.125f / ((r / s) + 1.0f)) / t_0) + (0.75f * (expf((r / (s * -3.0f))) / (t_0 * 6.0f)));
}
function code(s, r) t_0 = Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(Float32(r / s) + Float32(1.0))) / t_0) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0))))) / Float32(t_0 * Float32(6.0))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) t_0 = (s * single(pi)) * r; tmp = ((single(0.125) / ((r / s) + single(1.0))) / t_0) + (single(0.75) * (exp((r / (s * -single(3.0)))) / (t_0 * single(6.0)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r\\
\frac{\frac{0.125}{\frac{r}{s} + 1}}{t\_0} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{t\_0 \cdot 6}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
times-frac99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
distribute-frac-neg99.7%
associate-/l*99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
associate-*r/99.7%
rec-exp99.7%
associate-*r/99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 13.9%
Final simplification13.9%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(*
0.125
(/
(-
(/ (exp (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))) r)
(+ (/ (+ 1.0 (* (/ r s) -0.5)) s) (/ -1.0 r)))
(* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * (((expf((-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s))) / r) - (((1.0f + ((r / s) * -0.5f)) / s) + (-1.0f / r))) / (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s))) / r) - Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.5))) / s) + Float32(Float32(-1.0) / r))) / Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * (((exp((single(-0.3333333333333333) * (r / s))) / r) - (((single(1.0) + ((r / s) * single(-0.5))) / s) + (single(-1.0) / r))) / (s * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{r} - \left(\frac{1 + \frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.5}{s} + \frac{-1}{r}\right)}{s \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.6%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 9.0%
Final simplification9.0%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(/
(-
(/ 0.25 (* PI r))
(/
(+ (/ (* (/ r PI) -0.06944444444444445) s) (/ 0.16666666666666666 PI))
s))
s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (((float) M_PI) * r)) - (((((r / ((float) M_PI)) * -0.06944444444444445f) / s) + (0.16666666666666666f / ((float) M_PI))) / s)) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(pi) * r)) - Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(r / Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.06944444444444445)) / s) + Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(pi))) / s)) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (single(pi) * r)) - (((((r / single(pi)) * single(-0.06944444444444445)) / s) + (single(0.16666666666666666) / single(pi))) / s)) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{\pi \cdot r} - \frac{\frac{\frac{r}{\pi} \cdot -0.06944444444444445}{s} + \frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi}}{s}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 8.9%
mul-1-neg8.9%
Simplified8.9%
Final simplification8.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (+ (/ 0.25 (* PI r)) (/ (- (/ (/ (* r 0.06944444444444445) PI) s) (/ 0.16666666666666666 PI)) s)) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (((float) M_PI) * r)) + (((((r * 0.06944444444444445f) / ((float) M_PI)) / s) - (0.16666666666666666f / ((float) M_PI))) / s)) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(pi) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(0.06944444444444445)) / Float32(pi)) / s) - Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(pi))) / s)) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (single(pi) * r)) + (((((r * single(0.06944444444444445)) / single(pi)) / s) - (single(0.16666666666666666) / single(pi))) / s)) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{\pi \cdot r} + \frac{\frac{\frac{r \cdot 0.06944444444444445}{\pi}}{s} - \frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi}}{s}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
times-frac99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 8.9%
mul-1-neg8.9%
Simplified8.9%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.9%
associate-*r/8.9%
*-commutative8.9%
associate-/r*8.9%
*-commutative8.9%
Simplified8.9%
Final simplification8.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ (/ 0.25 r) s) (/ 1.0 PI)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / r) / s) * (1.0f / ((float) M_PI));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / r) / s) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(pi))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / r) / s) * (single(1.0) / single(pi)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{r}}{s} \cdot \frac{1}{\pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.4%
div-inv8.4%
Applied egg-rr8.4%
associate-*r/8.4%
metadata-eval8.4%
associate-/r*8.4%
Simplified8.4%
associate-/r*8.4%
div-inv8.4%
Applied egg-rr8.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 1.0 s) (/ (/ 0.25 r) PI)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (1.0f / s) * ((0.25f / r) / ((float) M_PI));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / s) * Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / r) / Float32(pi))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(1.0) / s) * ((single(0.25) / r) / single(pi)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{1}{s} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.25}{r}}{\pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.4%
div-inv8.4%
Applied egg-rr8.4%
associate-*r/8.4%
metadata-eval8.4%
associate-/r*8.4%
Simplified8.4%
*-un-lft-identity8.4%
times-frac8.4%
Applied egg-rr8.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* PI (* s r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (((float) M_PI) * (s * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(s * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (single(pi) * (s * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.4%
div-inv8.4%
Applied egg-rr8.4%
associate-*r/8.4%
metadata-eval8.4%
associate-/r*8.4%
Simplified8.4%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.4%
*-commutative8.4%
associate-*r*8.4%
*-commutative8.4%
Simplified8.4%
*-un-lft-identity8.4%
associate-*r*8.4%
Applied egg-rr8.4%
Final simplification8.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* (* s PI) r)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / ((s * single(pi)) * r); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.4%
Final simplification8.4%
herbie shell --seed 2024158
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))