
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ 2.0 (+ (exp x) (exp (- x)))))
double code(double x) {
return 2.0 / (exp(x) + exp(-x));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 2.0d0 / (exp(x) + exp(-x))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 2.0 / (Math.exp(x) + Math.exp(-x));
}
def code(x): return 2.0 / (math.exp(x) + math.exp(-x))
function code(x) return Float64(2.0 / Float64(exp(x) + exp(Float64(-x)))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 2.0 / (exp(x) + exp(-x)); end
code[x_] := N[(2.0 / N[(N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision] + N[Exp[(-x)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{2}{e^{x} + e^{-x}}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 10 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ 2.0 (+ (exp x) (exp (- x)))))
double code(double x) {
return 2.0 / (exp(x) + exp(-x));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 2.0d0 / (exp(x) + exp(-x))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 2.0 / (Math.exp(x) + Math.exp(-x));
}
def code(x): return 2.0 / (math.exp(x) + math.exp(-x))
function code(x) return Float64(2.0 / Float64(exp(x) + exp(Float64(-x)))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 2.0 / (exp(x) + exp(-x)); end
code[x_] := N[(2.0 / N[(N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision] + N[Exp[(-x)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{2}{e^{x} + e^{-x}}
\end{array}
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (/ 2.0 (+ (exp x) (exp (- x)))))
double code(double x) {
return 2.0 / (exp(x) + exp(-x));
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 2.0d0 / (exp(x) + exp(-x))
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 2.0 / (Math.exp(x) + Math.exp(-x));
}
def code(x): return 2.0 / (math.exp(x) + math.exp(-x))
function code(x) return Float64(2.0 / Float64(exp(x) + exp(Float64(-x)))) end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 2.0 / (exp(x) + exp(-x)); end
code[x_] := N[(2.0 / N[(N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision] + N[Exp[(-x)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{2}{e^{x} + e^{-x}}
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
(FPCore (x)
:precision binary64
(if (<= x 1.5)
(+
1.0
(*
(pow x 2.0)
(-
(* (* x x) (+ 0.20833333333333334 (* (* x x) -0.08472222222222223)))
0.5)))
0.0))
double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 1.5) {
tmp = 1.0 + (pow(x, 2.0) * (((x * x) * (0.20833333333333334 + ((x * x) * -0.08472222222222223))) - 0.5));
} else {
tmp = 0.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= 1.5d0) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + ((x ** 2.0d0) * (((x * x) * (0.20833333333333334d0 + ((x * x) * (-0.08472222222222223d0)))) - 0.5d0))
else
tmp = 0.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 1.5) {
tmp = 1.0 + (Math.pow(x, 2.0) * (((x * x) * (0.20833333333333334 + ((x * x) * -0.08472222222222223))) - 0.5));
} else {
tmp = 0.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x): tmp = 0 if x <= 1.5: tmp = 1.0 + (math.pow(x, 2.0) * (((x * x) * (0.20833333333333334 + ((x * x) * -0.08472222222222223))) - 0.5)) else: tmp = 0.0 return tmp
function code(x) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= 1.5) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64((x ^ 2.0) * Float64(Float64(Float64(x * x) * Float64(0.20833333333333334 + Float64(Float64(x * x) * -0.08472222222222223))) - 0.5))); else tmp = 0.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= 1.5) tmp = 1.0 + ((x ^ 2.0) * (((x * x) * (0.20833333333333334 + ((x * x) * -0.08472222222222223))) - 0.5)); else tmp = 0.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 1.5], N[(1.0 + N[(N[Power[x, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.20833333333333334 + N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] * -0.08472222222222223), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.0]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 1.5:\\
\;\;\;\;1 + {x}^{2} \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(0.20833333333333334 + \left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot -0.08472222222222223\right) - 0.5\right)\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < 1.5Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 69.7%
unpow269.7%
Applied egg-rr69.7%
unpow269.7%
Applied egg-rr69.7%
if 1.5 < x Initial program 100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
Final simplification76.6%
(FPCore (x)
:precision binary64
(if (<= x 100.0)
(/
2.0
(+
(exp x)
(+ 1.0 (* x (+ (* x (+ 0.5 (* x -0.16666666666666666))) -1.0)))))
0.0))
double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 100.0) {
tmp = 2.0 / (exp(x) + (1.0 + (x * ((x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666))) + -1.0))));
} else {
tmp = 0.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= 100.0d0) then
tmp = 2.0d0 / (exp(x) + (1.0d0 + (x * ((x * (0.5d0 + (x * (-0.16666666666666666d0)))) + (-1.0d0)))))
else
tmp = 0.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 100.0) {
tmp = 2.0 / (Math.exp(x) + (1.0 + (x * ((x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666))) + -1.0))));
} else {
tmp = 0.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x): tmp = 0 if x <= 100.0: tmp = 2.0 / (math.exp(x) + (1.0 + (x * ((x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666))) + -1.0)))) else: tmp = 0.0 return tmp
function code(x) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= 100.0) tmp = Float64(2.0 / Float64(exp(x) + Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(Float64(x * Float64(0.5 + Float64(x * -0.16666666666666666))) + -1.0))))); else tmp = 0.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= 100.0) tmp = 2.0 / (exp(x) + (1.0 + (x * ((x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666))) + -1.0)))); else tmp = 0.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 100.0], N[(2.0 / N[(N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(N[(x * N[(0.5 + N[(x * -0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.0]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 100:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{2}{e^{x} + \left(1 + x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 + x \cdot -0.16666666666666666\right) + -1\right)\right)}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < 100Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 88.8%
if 100 < x Initial program 100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
Final simplification91.3%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (if (<= x 360.0) (/ 2.0 (fma x x 2.0)) 0.0))
double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 360.0) {
tmp = 2.0 / fma(x, x, 2.0);
} else {
tmp = 0.0;
}
return tmp;
}
function code(x) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= 360.0) tmp = Float64(2.0 / fma(x, x, 2.0)); else tmp = 0.0; end return tmp end
code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 360.0], N[(2.0 / N[(x * x + 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.0]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 360:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{2}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 2\right)}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < 360Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 83.9%
+-commutative83.9%
unpow283.9%
fma-define83.9%
Simplified83.9%
if 360 < x Initial program 100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
(FPCore (x)
:precision binary64
(if (<= x 360.0)
(/
2.0
(+
(+ 1.0 (* x (+ (* x (+ 0.5 (* x -0.16666666666666666))) -1.0)))
(+ 1.0 (* x (+ 1.0 (* x (+ 0.5 (* x 0.16666666666666666))))))))
0.0))
double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 360.0) {
tmp = 2.0 / ((1.0 + (x * ((x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666))) + -1.0))) + (1.0 + (x * (1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * 0.16666666666666666)))))));
} else {
tmp = 0.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= 360.0d0) then
tmp = 2.0d0 / ((1.0d0 + (x * ((x * (0.5d0 + (x * (-0.16666666666666666d0)))) + (-1.0d0)))) + (1.0d0 + (x * (1.0d0 + (x * (0.5d0 + (x * 0.16666666666666666d0)))))))
else
tmp = 0.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 360.0) {
tmp = 2.0 / ((1.0 + (x * ((x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666))) + -1.0))) + (1.0 + (x * (1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * 0.16666666666666666)))))));
} else {
tmp = 0.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x): tmp = 0 if x <= 360.0: tmp = 2.0 / ((1.0 + (x * ((x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666))) + -1.0))) + (1.0 + (x * (1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * 0.16666666666666666))))))) else: tmp = 0.0 return tmp
function code(x) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= 360.0) tmp = Float64(2.0 / Float64(Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(Float64(x * Float64(0.5 + Float64(x * -0.16666666666666666))) + -1.0))) + Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(0.5 + Float64(x * 0.16666666666666666)))))))); else tmp = 0.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= 360.0) tmp = 2.0 / ((1.0 + (x * ((x * (0.5 + (x * -0.16666666666666666))) + -1.0))) + (1.0 + (x * (1.0 + (x * (0.5 + (x * 0.16666666666666666))))))); else tmp = 0.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 360.0], N[(2.0 / N[(N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(N[(x * N[(0.5 + N[(x * -0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(0.5 + N[(x * 0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.0]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 360:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{2}{\left(1 + x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(0.5 + x \cdot -0.16666666666666666\right) + -1\right)\right) + \left(1 + x \cdot \left(1 + x \cdot \left(0.5 + x \cdot 0.16666666666666666\right)\right)\right)}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < 360Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 88.8%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 68.6%
*-lft-identity68.6%
*-lft-identity68.6%
*-commutative68.6%
Simplified68.6%
if 360 < x Initial program 100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
Final simplification75.7%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (if (<= x 360.0) (/ 2.0 (+ (+ 1.0 (* x (+ 1.0 (* x 0.5)))) (+ 1.0 (* x (+ (* x 0.5) -1.0))))) 0.0))
double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 360.0) {
tmp = 2.0 / ((1.0 + (x * (1.0 + (x * 0.5)))) + (1.0 + (x * ((x * 0.5) + -1.0))));
} else {
tmp = 0.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= 360.0d0) then
tmp = 2.0d0 / ((1.0d0 + (x * (1.0d0 + (x * 0.5d0)))) + (1.0d0 + (x * ((x * 0.5d0) + (-1.0d0)))))
else
tmp = 0.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 360.0) {
tmp = 2.0 / ((1.0 + (x * (1.0 + (x * 0.5)))) + (1.0 + (x * ((x * 0.5) + -1.0))));
} else {
tmp = 0.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x): tmp = 0 if x <= 360.0: tmp = 2.0 / ((1.0 + (x * (1.0 + (x * 0.5)))) + (1.0 + (x * ((x * 0.5) + -1.0)))) else: tmp = 0.0 return tmp
function code(x) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= 360.0) tmp = Float64(2.0 / Float64(Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * 0.5)))) + Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * Float64(Float64(x * 0.5) + -1.0))))); else tmp = 0.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= 360.0) tmp = 2.0 / ((1.0 + (x * (1.0 + (x * 0.5)))) + (1.0 + (x * ((x * 0.5) + -1.0)))); else tmp = 0.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 360.0], N[(2.0 / N[(N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(1.0 + N[(x * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 + N[(x * N[(N[(x * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.0]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 360:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{2}{\left(1 + x \cdot \left(1 + x \cdot 0.5\right)\right) + \left(1 + x \cdot \left(x \cdot 0.5 + -1\right)\right)}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < 360Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 88.8%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 88.4%
*-commutative88.4%
Simplified88.4%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 83.9%
*-commutative83.9%
Simplified83.9%
if 360 < x Initial program 100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
Final simplification87.5%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (if (<= x 1.45) (+ 1.0 (* (* x x) -0.5)) 0.0))
double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 1.45) {
tmp = 1.0 + ((x * x) * -0.5);
} else {
tmp = 0.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= 1.45d0) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + ((x * x) * (-0.5d0))
else
tmp = 0.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 1.45) {
tmp = 1.0 + ((x * x) * -0.5);
} else {
tmp = 0.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x): tmp = 0 if x <= 1.45: tmp = 1.0 + ((x * x) * -0.5) else: tmp = 0.0 return tmp
function code(x) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= 1.45) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(Float64(x * x) * -0.5)); else tmp = 0.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= 1.45) tmp = 1.0 + ((x * x) * -0.5); else tmp = 0.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 1.45], N[(1.0 + N[(N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.0]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 1.45:\\
\;\;\;\;1 + \left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot -0.5\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < 1.44999999999999996Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 68.9%
unpow269.7%
Applied egg-rr68.9%
if 1.44999999999999996 < x Initial program 100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
Final simplification76.0%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (if (<= x 350.0) 1.0 0.0))
double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 350.0) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else {
tmp = 0.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= 350.0d0) then
tmp = 1.0d0
else
tmp = 0.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 350.0) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else {
tmp = 0.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x): tmp = 0 if x <= 350.0: tmp = 1.0 else: tmp = 0.0 return tmp
function code(x) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= 350.0) tmp = 1.0; else tmp = 0.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= 350.0) tmp = 1.0; else tmp = 0.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 350.0], 1.0, 0.0]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 350:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < 350Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 68.4%
if 350 < x Initial program 100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (if (<= x 350.0) 0.5 0.0))
double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 350.0) {
tmp = 0.5;
} else {
tmp = 0.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= 350.0d0) then
tmp = 0.5d0
else
tmp = 0.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x) {
double tmp;
if (x <= 350.0) {
tmp = 0.5;
} else {
tmp = 0.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x): tmp = 0 if x <= 350.0: tmp = 0.5 else: tmp = 0.0 return tmp
function code(x) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= 350.0) tmp = 0.5; else tmp = 0.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= 350.0) tmp = 0.5; else tmp = 0.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 350.0], 0.5, 0.0]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq 350:\\
\;\;\;\;0.5\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < 350Initial program 99.9%
Applied egg-rr14.1%
if 350 < x Initial program 100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 0.0)
double code(double x) {
return 0.0;
}
real(8) function code(x)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
code = 0.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x) {
return 0.0;
}
def code(x): return 0.0
function code(x) return 0.0 end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = 0.0; end
code[x_] := 0.0
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
Applied egg-rr47.4%
herbie shell --seed 2024150
(FPCore (x)
:name "Hyperbolic secant"
:precision binary64
(/ 2.0 (+ (exp x) (exp (- x)))))