HairBSDF, Mp, upper

Percentage Accurate: 98.6% → 98.9%
Time: 17.9s
Alternatives: 12
Speedup: 1.9×

Specification

?
\[\left(\left(\left(\left(\left(-1 \leq cosTheta\_i \land cosTheta\_i \leq 1\right) \land \left(-1 \leq cosTheta\_O \land cosTheta\_O \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq sinTheta\_i \land sinTheta\_i \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq sinTheta\_O \land sinTheta\_O \leq 1\right)\right) \land 0.1 < v\right) \land v \leq 1.5707964\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))
  (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (expf(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (exp(-((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / v)) * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v))) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (exp(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 12 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 98.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))
  (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (expf(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (exp(-((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / v)) * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v))) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (exp(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 98.9% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  cosTheta_i
  (*
   (* (/ (- 1.0 (* sinTheta_O (/ sinTheta_i v))) v) cosTheta_O)
   (/ (/ 0.5 v) (sinh (/ 1.0 v))))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return cosTheta_i * ((((1.0f - (sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / v))) / v) * cosTheta_O) * ((0.5f / v) / sinhf((1.0f / v))));
}
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = costheta_i * ((((1.0e0 - (sintheta_o * (sintheta_i / v))) / v) * costheta_o) * ((0.5e0 / v) / sinh((1.0e0 / v))))
end function
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(sinTheta_O * Float32(sinTheta_i / v))) / v) * cosTheta_O) * Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / v) / sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)))))
end
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = cosTheta_i * ((((single(1.0) - (sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / v))) / v) * cosTheta_O) * ((single(0.5) / v) / sinh((single(1.0) / v))));
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. exp-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot v\right)}} \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot \color{blue}{2}\right)} \]
    7. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)} \]
    8. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)} \]
    9. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)} \]
    10. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)}\right) \]
    11. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)}\right)\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr98.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{\frac{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}}{cosTheta\_O}}\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right)}, \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right)}, \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}}\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right)}, \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}}\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    5. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v}\right), \left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. exp-lowering-exp.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \mathsf{exp.f32}\left(\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}\right)\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    8. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \mathsf{exp.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \left(\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}\right)\right)\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    9. /-lowering-/.f3299.0%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \mathsf{exp.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(v, sinTheta\_O\right)\right)\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.0%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  7. Taylor expanded in v around inf

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}{v}\right)}, cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(1 + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. unsub-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(1 - \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. --lowering--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \left(\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    5. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. /-lowering-/.f3299.0%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, v\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  9. Simplified99.0%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.7% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* cosTheta_i (* (/ (/ 0.5 v) (sinh (/ 1.0 v))) (* cosTheta_O (/ 1.0 v)))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return cosTheta_i * (((0.5f / v) / sinhf((1.0f / v))) * (cosTheta_O * (1.0f / v)));
}
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = costheta_i * (((0.5e0 / v) / sinh((1.0e0 / v))) * (costheta_o * (1.0e0 / v)))
end function
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / v) / sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v))) * Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(Float32(1.0) / v))))
end
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = cosTheta_i * (((single(0.5) / v) / sinh((single(1.0) / v))) * (cosTheta_O * (single(1.0) / v)));
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. exp-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot v\right)}} \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot \color{blue}{2}\right)} \]
    7. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)} \]
    8. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)} \]
    9. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)} \]
    10. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)}\right) \]
    11. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)}\right)\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr98.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{\frac{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}}{cosTheta\_O}}\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right)}, \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right)}, \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}}\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right)}, \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}}\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    5. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v}\right), \left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. exp-lowering-exp.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \mathsf{exp.f32}\left(\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}\right)\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    8. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \mathsf{exp.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \left(\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}\right)\right)\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    9. /-lowering-/.f3299.0%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \mathsf{exp.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(v, sinTheta\_O\right)\right)\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.0%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  7. Taylor expanded in v around inf

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}, cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. /-lowering-/.f3298.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  9. Simplified98.8%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  10. Final simplification98.8%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.6% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* cosTheta_i (* (/ (/ 0.5 v) (sinh (/ 1.0 v))) (/ cosTheta_O v))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return cosTheta_i * (((0.5f / v) / sinhf((1.0f / v))) * (cosTheta_O / v));
}
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = costheta_i * (((0.5e0 / v) / sinh((1.0e0 / v))) * (costheta_o / v))
end function
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / v) / sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v))) * Float32(cosTheta_O / v)))
end
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = cosTheta_i * (((single(0.5) / v) / sinh((single(1.0) / v))) * (cosTheta_O / v));
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. exp-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot v\right)}} \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot \color{blue}{2}\right)} \]
    7. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)} \]
    8. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)} \]
    9. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)} \]
    10. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)}\right) \]
    11. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)}\right)\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr98.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in v around inf

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)}, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. /-lowering-/.f3298.6%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right)}, \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  7. Simplified98.6%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  8. Final simplification98.6%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 70.6% accurate, 5.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{sinTheta\_i \cdot v} - cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v \cdot v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666 + \frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}}{v \cdot v} - -1}{v}}\right) \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  cosTheta_i
  (*
   (*
    sinTheta_i
    (- (/ cosTheta_O (* sinTheta_i v)) (* cosTheta_O (/ sinTheta_O (* v v)))))
   (/
    (/ 0.5 v)
    (/
     (-
      (/ (+ 0.16666666666666666 (/ 0.008333333333333333 (* v v))) (* v v))
      -1.0)
     v)))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return cosTheta_i * ((sinTheta_i * ((cosTheta_O / (sinTheta_i * v)) - (cosTheta_O * (sinTheta_O / (v * v))))) * ((0.5f / v) / ((((0.16666666666666666f + (0.008333333333333333f / (v * v))) / (v * v)) - -1.0f) / v)));
}
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = costheta_i * ((sintheta_i * ((costheta_o / (sintheta_i * v)) - (costheta_o * (sintheta_o / (v * v))))) * ((0.5e0 / v) / ((((0.16666666666666666e0 + (0.008333333333333333e0 / (v * v))) / (v * v)) - (-1.0e0)) / v)))
end function
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O / Float32(sinTheta_i * v)) - Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(sinTheta_O / Float32(v * v))))) * Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / v) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) + Float32(Float32(0.008333333333333333) / Float32(v * v))) / Float32(v * v)) - Float32(-1.0)) / v))))
end
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = cosTheta_i * ((sinTheta_i * ((cosTheta_O / (sinTheta_i * v)) - (cosTheta_O * (sinTheta_O / (v * v))))) * ((single(0.5) / v) / ((((single(0.16666666666666666) + (single(0.008333333333333333) / (v * v))) / (v * v)) - single(-1.0)) / v)));
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{sinTheta\_i \cdot v} - cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v \cdot v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666 + \frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}}{v \cdot v} - -1}{v}}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. exp-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot v\right)}} \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot \color{blue}{2}\right)} \]
    7. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)} \]
    8. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)} \]
    9. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)} \]
    10. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)}\right) \]
    11. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)}\right)\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr98.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in v around inf

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O + -1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}}{v}\right)}, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(cosTheta\_O + -1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}\right), v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right)}, \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. +-lowering-+.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{+.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \left(-1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}\right)\right), v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{+.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \left(\frac{-1 \cdot \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)\right)}{v}\right)\right), v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{+.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(-1 \cdot \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)\right)\right), v\right)\right), v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    5. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{+.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(-1, \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)\right)\right), v\right)\right), v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{+.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(-1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)\right)\right), v\right)\right), v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. *-lowering-*.f3298.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{+.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(-1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, sinTheta\_i\right)\right)\right), v\right)\right), v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  7. Simplified98.9%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O + \frac{-1 \cdot \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)\right)}{v}}{v}} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  8. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O}{{v}^{2}} + \frac{cosTheta\_O}{sinTheta\_i \cdot v}\right)\right)}, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \left(-1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O}{{v}^{2}} + \frac{cosTheta\_O}{sinTheta\_i \cdot v}\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right)}, \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right) + \frac{cosTheta\_O}{sinTheta\_i \cdot v}\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{sinTheta\_i \cdot v} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{v}\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. unsub-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{sinTheta\_i \cdot v} - \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{v}\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    5. --lowering--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{\_.f32}\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{sinTheta\_i \cdot v}\right), \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{v}\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{\_.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot v\right)\right), \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{\_.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \left(v \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)\right), \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    8. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{\_.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, sinTheta\_i\right)\right), \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    9. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{\_.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, sinTheta\_i\right)\right), \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    10. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{\_.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, sinTheta\_i\right)\right), \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \left(\frac{sinTheta\_O}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    11. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{\_.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, sinTheta\_i\right)\right), \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \left({v}^{2}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    12. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{\_.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, sinTheta\_i\right)\right), \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    13. *-lowering-*.f3298.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{\_.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, sinTheta\_i\right)\right), \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  10. Simplified98.8%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot sinTheta\_i} - cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v \cdot v}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  11. Taylor expanded in v around -inf

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{\_.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, sinTheta\_i\right)\right), \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1}{v}\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{\_.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, sinTheta\_i\right)\right), \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1}{v}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. distribute-neg-frac2N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{\_.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, sinTheta\_i\right)\right), \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \left(\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)}}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{\_.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, sinTheta\_i\right)\right), \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1\right), \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  13. Simplified69.9%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot sinTheta\_i} - cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v \cdot v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 + \frac{0.16666666666666666 + \frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}}{-v \cdot v}}{-v}}}\right) \]
  14. Final simplification69.9%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{sinTheta\_i \cdot v} - cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v \cdot v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666 + \frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}}{v \cdot v} - -1}{v}}\right) \]
  15. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 70.6% accurate, 6.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666 + \frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}}{v \cdot v} - -1}{v}}\right) \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  cosTheta_i
  (*
   (* (/ (- 1.0 (* sinTheta_O (/ sinTheta_i v))) v) cosTheta_O)
   (/
    (/ 0.5 v)
    (/
     (-
      (/ (+ 0.16666666666666666 (/ 0.008333333333333333 (* v v))) (* v v))
      -1.0)
     v)))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return cosTheta_i * ((((1.0f - (sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / v))) / v) * cosTheta_O) * ((0.5f / v) / ((((0.16666666666666666f + (0.008333333333333333f / (v * v))) / (v * v)) - -1.0f) / v)));
}
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = costheta_i * ((((1.0e0 - (sintheta_o * (sintheta_i / v))) / v) * costheta_o) * ((0.5e0 / v) / ((((0.16666666666666666e0 + (0.008333333333333333e0 / (v * v))) / (v * v)) - (-1.0e0)) / v)))
end function
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(sinTheta_O * Float32(sinTheta_i / v))) / v) * cosTheta_O) * Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / v) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) + Float32(Float32(0.008333333333333333) / Float32(v * v))) / Float32(v * v)) - Float32(-1.0)) / v))))
end
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = cosTheta_i * ((((single(1.0) - (sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / v))) / v) * cosTheta_O) * ((single(0.5) / v) / ((((single(0.16666666666666666) + (single(0.008333333333333333) / (v * v))) / (v * v)) - single(-1.0)) / v)));
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666 + \frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}}{v \cdot v} - -1}{v}}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. exp-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot v\right)}} \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot \color{blue}{2}\right)} \]
    7. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)} \]
    8. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)} \]
    9. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)} \]
    10. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)}\right) \]
    11. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)}\right)\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr98.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{\frac{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}}{cosTheta\_O}}\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right)}, \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right)}, \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}}\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right)}, \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}}\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    5. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v}\right), \left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. exp-lowering-exp.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \mathsf{exp.f32}\left(\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}\right)\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    8. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \mathsf{exp.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \left(\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}\right)\right)\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    9. /-lowering-/.f3299.0%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \mathsf{exp.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(v, sinTheta\_O\right)\right)\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.0%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  7. Taylor expanded in v around inf

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}{v}\right)}, cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(1 + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. unsub-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(1 - \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. --lowering--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \left(\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    5. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. /-lowering-/.f3299.0%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, v\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  9. Simplified99.0%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  10. Taylor expanded in v around -inf

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, v\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1}{v}\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, v\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1}{v}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. distribute-neg-frac2N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, v\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \left(\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)}}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, v\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1\right), \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  12. Simplified69.9%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 + \frac{0.16666666666666666 + \frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}}{-v \cdot v}}{-v}}}\right) \]
  13. Final simplification69.9%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666 + \frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}}{v \cdot v} - -1}{v}}\right) \]
  14. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 64.4% accurate, 8.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{1 + \frac{0.16666666666666666}{v \cdot v}}{v}}\right) \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  cosTheta_i
  (*
   (* (/ (- 1.0 (* sinTheta_O (/ sinTheta_i v))) v) cosTheta_O)
   (/ (/ 0.5 v) (/ (+ 1.0 (/ 0.16666666666666666 (* v v))) v)))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return cosTheta_i * ((((1.0f - (sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / v))) / v) * cosTheta_O) * ((0.5f / v) / ((1.0f + (0.16666666666666666f / (v * v))) / v)));
}
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = costheta_i * ((((1.0e0 - (sintheta_o * (sintheta_i / v))) / v) * costheta_o) * ((0.5e0 / v) / ((1.0e0 + (0.16666666666666666e0 / (v * v))) / v)))
end function
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(sinTheta_O * Float32(sinTheta_i / v))) / v) * cosTheta_O) * Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / v) / Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(v * v))) / v))))
end
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = cosTheta_i * ((((single(1.0) - (sinTheta_O * (sinTheta_i / v))) / v) * cosTheta_O) * ((single(0.5) / v) / ((single(1.0) + (single(0.16666666666666666) / (v * v))) / v)));
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{1 + \frac{0.16666666666666666}{v \cdot v}}{v}}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. exp-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot v\right)}} \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot \color{blue}{2}\right)} \]
    7. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)} \]
    8. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)} \]
    9. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)} \]
    10. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)}\right) \]
    11. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)}\right)}\right)\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr98.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{\frac{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}}{cosTheta\_O}}\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right)}, \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right)}, \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}}\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right)}, \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}}\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    5. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v}\right), \left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. exp-lowering-exp.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \mathsf{exp.f32}\left(\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}\right)\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    8. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \mathsf{exp.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \left(\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}\right)\right)\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    9. /-lowering-/.f3299.0%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right), \mathsf{exp.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(v, sinTheta\_O\right)\right)\right)\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.0%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  7. Taylor expanded in v around inf

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}{v}\right)}, cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(1 + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. unsub-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(1 - \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. --lowering--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \left(\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    5. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. /-lowering-/.f3299.0%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, v\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  9. Simplified99.0%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  10. Taylor expanded in v around inf

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, v\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1 + \frac{1}{6} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{v}\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, v\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{6} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right), \color{blue}{v}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. +-lowering-+.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, v\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{+.f32}\left(1, \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right), v\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, v\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{+.f32}\left(1, \left(\frac{\frac{1}{6} \cdot 1}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right), v\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, v\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{+.f32}\left(1, \left(\frac{\frac{1}{6}}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right), v\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    5. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, v\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{+.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{6}, \left({v}^{2}\right)\right)\right), v\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, v\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{+.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{6}, \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)\right), v\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. *-lowering-*.f3263.7%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{\_.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(sinTheta\_O, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(sinTheta\_i, v\right)\right)\right), v\right), cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{+.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{6}, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, v\right)\right)\right), v\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  12. Simplified63.7%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1 - sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + \frac{0.16666666666666666}{v \cdot v}}{v}}}\right) \]
  13. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 68.5% accurate, 8.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666 + \frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}}{v \cdot v} - -1}{v}}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}} \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (/ 0.5 v)
  (/
   (/
    (-
     (/ (+ 0.16666666666666666 (/ 0.008333333333333333 (* v v))) (* v v))
     -1.0)
    v)
   (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (0.5f / v) / (((((0.16666666666666666f + (0.008333333333333333f / (v * v))) / (v * v)) - -1.0f) / v) / ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v));
}
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (0.5e0 / v) / (((((0.16666666666666666e0 + (0.008333333333333333e0 / (v * v))) / (v * v)) - (-1.0e0)) / v) / ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v))
end function
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / v) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) + Float32(Float32(0.008333333333333333) / Float32(v * v))) / Float32(v * v)) - Float32(-1.0)) / v) / Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)))
end
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (single(0.5) / v) / (((((single(0.16666666666666666) + (single(0.008333333333333333) / (v * v))) / (v * v)) - single(-1.0)) / v) / ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v));
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666 + \frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}}{v \cdot v} - -1}{v}}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot v\right)}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot \color{blue}{2}\right)} \]
    3. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot 2}} \]
    4. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}}{\color{blue}{v} \cdot 2} \]
    5. associate-/l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}} \]
    6. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{v \cdot 2}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}} \]
    7. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v \cdot 2}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}\right) \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right), \left(\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)\right) \]
    9. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)\right) \]
    10. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2}\right), v\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \left(\frac{\sinh \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)\right) \]
    12. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right), \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)}\right)\right) \]
    13. sinh-lowering-sinh.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right), \left(\color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)\right)\right) \]
    14. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right), \left(e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)\right)\right) \]
  4. Applied egg-rr93.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}}}}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in v around inf

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, cosTheta\_O\right), \color{blue}{v}\right)\right)\right) \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Simplified93.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{\color{blue}{v}}}} \]
    2. Taylor expanded in v around -inf

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1}{v}\right)}, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, cosTheta\_O\right), v\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1}{v}\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, cosTheta\_O\right)}, v\right)\right)\right) \]
      2. distribute-neg-frac2N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)}\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, cosTheta\_O\right)}, v\right)\right)\right) \]
      3. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1\right), \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, cosTheta\_O\right)}, v\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. Simplified68.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 + \frac{0.16666666666666666 + \frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}}{-v \cdot v}}{-v}}}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}} \]
    5. Final simplification68.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666 + \frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}}{v \cdot v} - -1}{v}}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}} \]
    6. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 8: 63.5% accurate, 11.6× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{1}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O} + \frac{0.16666666666666666}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \end{array} \]
    NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
    (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
     :precision binary32
     (/
      (/ 0.5 v)
      (+
       (/ 1.0 (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O))
       (/ 0.16666666666666666 (* cosTheta_O (* cosTheta_i (* v v)))))))
    assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
    float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
    	return (0.5f / v) / ((1.0f / (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O)) + (0.16666666666666666f / (cosTheta_O * (cosTheta_i * (v * v)))));
    }
    
    NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
    real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
        real(4), intent (in) :: v
        code = (0.5e0 / v) / ((1.0e0 / (costheta_i * costheta_o)) + (0.16666666666666666e0 / (costheta_o * (costheta_i * (v * v)))))
    end function
    
    cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
    function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
    	return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / v) / Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O)) + Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(v * v))))))
    end
    
    cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
    function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
    	tmp = (single(0.5) / v) / ((single(1.0) / (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O)) + (single(0.16666666666666666) / (cosTheta_O * (cosTheta_i * (v * v)))));
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
    \\
    \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{1}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O} + \frac{0.16666666666666666}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 98.6%

      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot v\right)}} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot \color{blue}{2}\right)} \]
      3. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot 2}} \]
      4. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}}{\color{blue}{v} \cdot 2} \]
      5. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}} \]
      6. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{v \cdot 2}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}} \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v \cdot 2}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}\right) \]
      8. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right), \left(\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)\right) \]
      9. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)\right) \]
      10. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2}\right), v\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \left(\frac{\sinh \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)\right) \]
      12. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right), \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)}\right)\right) \]
      13. sinh-lowering-sinh.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right), \left(\color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)\right)\right) \]
      14. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right), \left(e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr93.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}}}}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in v around inf

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, cosTheta\_O\right), \color{blue}{v}\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Simplified93.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{\color{blue}{v}}}} \]
      2. Taylor expanded in v around inf

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i} + \frac{1}{6} \cdot \frac{1}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot {v}^{2}\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-*r/N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \left(\frac{1}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i} + \frac{\frac{1}{6} \cdot 1}{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot {v}^{2}\right)}}\right)\right) \]
        2. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \left(\frac{1}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i} + \frac{\frac{1}{6}}{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot {v}^{2}\right)}\right)\right) \]
        3. +-lowering-+.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{+.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{6}}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot {v}^{2}\right)}\right)}\right)\right) \]
        4. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{+.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}}}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot {v}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
        5. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{+.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, cosTheta\_i\right)\right), \left(\frac{\frac{1}{6}}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot {v}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
        6. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{+.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, cosTheta\_i\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{6}, \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot {v}^{2}\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
        7. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{+.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, cosTheta\_i\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{6}, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot {v}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
        8. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{+.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, cosTheta\_i\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{6}, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \color{blue}{\left({v}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
        9. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{+.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, cosTheta\_i\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{6}, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \left(v \cdot \color{blue}{v}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
        10. *-lowering-*.f3263.0%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{+.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, cosTheta\_i\right)\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{6}, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(v, \color{blue}{v}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      4. Simplified63.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i} + \frac{0.16666666666666666}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}} \]
      5. Final simplification63.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{1}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O} + \frac{0.16666666666666666}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
      6. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 9: 59.2% accurate, 24.4× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{1}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}} \end{array} \]
      NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
      (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
       :precision binary32
       (/ (/ 0.5 v) (/ 1.0 (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O))))
      assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
      float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
      	return (0.5f / v) / (1.0f / (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O));
      }
      
      NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
      real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
          real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
          real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
          real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
          real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
          real(4), intent (in) :: v
          code = (0.5e0 / v) / (1.0e0 / (costheta_i * costheta_o))
      end function
      
      cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
      function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
      	return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / v) / Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O)))
      end
      
      cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
      function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
      	tmp = (single(0.5) / v) / (single(1.0) / (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O));
      end
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
      \\
      \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{1}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 98.6%

        \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-*l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot v\right)}} \]
        2. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot \color{blue}{2}\right)} \]
        3. associate-/r*N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot 2}} \]
        4. clear-numN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}}{\color{blue}{v} \cdot 2} \]
        5. associate-/l/N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}} \]
        6. associate-/r*N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{v \cdot 2}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}} \]
        7. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v \cdot 2}\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}\right) \]
        8. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2 \cdot v}\right), \left(\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)\right) \]
        9. associate-/r*N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)\right) \]
        10. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2}\right), v\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)\right) \]
        11. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \left(\frac{\sinh \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)\right) \]
        12. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right), \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)}\right)\right) \]
        13. sinh-lowering-sinh.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right), \left(\color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)\right)\right) \]
        14. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{sinh.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, v\right)\right), \left(e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)\right)\right) \]
      4. Applied egg-rr93.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta\_O}}}}}}} \]
      5. Taylor expanded in v around inf

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}\right)}\right) \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)}\right)\right) \]
        2. *-lowering-*.f3258.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, v\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(1, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \color{blue}{cosTheta\_i}\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. Simplified58.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}} \]
      8. Final simplification58.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\frac{1}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}} \]
      9. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 10: 59.0% accurate, 31.4× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \frac{0.5}{\frac{v}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}} \end{array} \]
      NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
      (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
       :precision binary32
       (/ 0.5 (/ v (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O))))
      assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
      float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
      	return 0.5f / (v / (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O));
      }
      
      NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
      real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
          real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
          real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
          real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
          real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
          real(4), intent (in) :: v
          code = 0.5e0 / (v / (costheta_i * costheta_o))
      end function
      
      cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
      function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
      	return Float32(Float32(0.5) / Float32(v / Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O)))
      end
      
      cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
      function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
      	tmp = single(0.5) / (v / (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O));
      end
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
      \\
      \frac{0.5}{\frac{v}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 98.6%

        \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} \]
        2. associate-/l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        3. associate-*l*N/A

          \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
        4. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \]
        5. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right), \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
        6. /-lowering-/.f3257.6%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, v\right), \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \]
      5. Simplified57.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot 0.5\right)} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-*r*N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} \]
        2. associate-/l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        3. clear-numN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        4. associate-*l/N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{\frac{v}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}} \]
        5. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\frac{\color{blue}{v}}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}} \]
        6. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{v}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}\right)}\right) \]
        7. /-lowering-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(v, \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)}\right)\right) \]
        8. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(v, \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O}\right)\right)\right) \]
        9. *-lowering-*.f3258.5%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(v, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O}\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. Applied egg-rr58.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\frac{v}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}} \]
      8. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 11: 58.6% accurate, 31.4× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \frac{0.5}{v} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \end{array} \]
      NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
      (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
       :precision binary32
       (* (/ 0.5 v) (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O)))
      assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
      float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
      	return (0.5f / v) * (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O);
      }
      
      NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
      real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
          real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
          real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
          real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
          real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
          real(4), intent (in) :: v
          code = (0.5e0 / v) * (costheta_i * costheta_o)
      end function
      
      cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
      function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
      	return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / v) * Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O))
      end
      
      cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
      function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
      	tmp = (single(0.5) / v) * (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O);
      end
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
      \\
      \frac{0.5}{v} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 98.6%

        \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} \]
        2. associate-/l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        3. associate-*l*N/A

          \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
        4. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \]
        5. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right), \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
        6. /-lowering-/.f3257.6%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, v\right), \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \]
      5. Simplified57.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot 0.5\right)} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-*r*N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} \]
        2. associate-/l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        3. div-invN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        4. associate-*l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
        5. associate-/r/N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{v}{\frac{1}{2}}}} \]
        6. clear-numN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{v}} \]
        7. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right), \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right) \]
        8. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}}{v}\right)\right) \]
        9. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, cosTheta\_O\right), \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}}{v}\right)\right) \]
        10. /-lowering-/.f3257.7%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, cosTheta\_O\right), \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{v}\right)\right) \]
      7. Applied egg-rr57.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{0.5}{v}} \]
      8. Final simplification57.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{v} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \]
      9. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 12: 58.6% accurate, 31.4× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{0.5}{v}\right) \end{array} \]
      NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
      (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
       :precision binary32
       (* cosTheta_O (* cosTheta_i (/ 0.5 v))))
      assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
      float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
      	return cosTheta_O * (cosTheta_i * (0.5f / v));
      }
      
      NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
      real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
          real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
          real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
          real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
          real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
          real(4), intent (in) :: v
          code = costheta_o * (costheta_i * (0.5e0 / v))
      end function
      
      cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
      function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
      	return Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(Float32(0.5) / v)))
      end
      
      cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
      function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
      	tmp = cosTheta_O * (cosTheta_i * (single(0.5) / v));
      end
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
      \\
      cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{0.5}{v}\right)
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 98.6%

        \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} \]
        2. associate-/l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        3. associate-*l*N/A

          \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
        4. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \]
        5. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right), \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right) \]
        6. /-lowering-/.f3257.6%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(\mathsf{/.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, v\right), \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \]
      5. Simplified57.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot 0.5\right)} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-*l/N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\color{blue}{v}}\right)\right) \]
        2. associate-/l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}}\right)\right) \]
        3. *-lowering-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}\right)\right) \]
        4. /-lowering-/.f3257.6%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_O, \mathsf{*.f32}\left(cosTheta\_i, \mathsf{/.f32}\left(\frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{v}\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. Applied egg-rr57.6%

        \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{0.5}{v}\right)} \]
      8. Add Preprocessing

      Reproduce

      ?
      herbie shell --seed 2024150 
      (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
        :name "HairBSDF, Mp, upper"
        :precision binary32
        :pre (and (and (and (and (and (and (<= -1.0 cosTheta_i) (<= cosTheta_i 1.0)) (and (<= -1.0 cosTheta_O) (<= cosTheta_O 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 sinTheta_i) (<= sinTheta_i 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 sinTheta_O) (<= sinTheta_O 1.0))) (< 0.1 v)) (<= v 1.5707964))
        (/ (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v)) (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))