
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 12 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(log1p (expm1 (- s)))
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+ (/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s))))) (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
-1.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return log1pf(expm1f(-s)) * logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(log1p(expm1(Float32(-s))) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(-s\right)\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
add-sqr-sqrt98.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.0%
Applied egg-rr98.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-out98.0%
add-sqr-sqrt98.9%
log1p-expm1-u98.9%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+ (/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s))))) (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
-1.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (+ 1.0 (/ PI s))))
(-
(* -4.0 (/ (* s (* u (- (* (/ PI s) -0.25) (* (/ PI s) 0.25)))) t_0))
(* s (log t_0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f + (((float) M_PI) / s);
return (-4.0f * ((s * (u * (((((float) M_PI) / s) * -0.25f) - ((((float) M_PI) / s) * 0.25f)))) / t_0)) - (s * logf(t_0));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(pi) / s)) return Float32(Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(s * Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) / s) * Float32(-0.25)) - Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) / s) * Float32(0.25))))) / t_0)) - Float32(s * log(t_0))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) + (single(pi) / s); tmp = (single(-4.0) * ((s * (u * (((single(pi) / s) * single(-0.25)) - ((single(pi) / s) * single(0.25))))) / t_0)) - (s * log(t_0)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := 1 + \frac{\pi}{s}\\
-4 \cdot \frac{s \cdot \left(u \cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{s} \cdot -0.25 - \frac{\pi}{s} \cdot 0.25\right)\right)}{t\_0} - s \cdot \log t\_0
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.9%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.0%
Final simplification25.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (/ (* 4.0 (/ (* u (* PI -0.5)) s)) (- -1.0 (/ PI s))) (log1p (/ PI s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (((4.0f * ((u * (((float) M_PI) * -0.5f)) / s)) / (-1.0f - (((float) M_PI) / s))) - log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.5))) / s)) / Float32(Float32(-1.0) - Float32(Float32(pi) / s))) - log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(\frac{4 \cdot \frac{u \cdot \left(\pi \cdot -0.5\right)}{s}}{-1 - \frac{\pi}{s}} - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.9%
expm1-log1p-u24.9%
expm1-undefine24.9%
Applied egg-rr24.9%
expm1-define24.9%
Simplified24.9%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.0%
log1p-define25.0%
associate-*r/25.0%
associate-*r/25.0%
associate-*r/25.0%
div-sub25.0%
associate-/l*25.0%
distribute-rgt-out--25.0%
metadata-eval25.0%
Simplified25.0%
Final simplification25.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log (+ 1.0 (* 4.0 (/ (- (* -0.25 (* u PI)) (* PI -0.25)) s)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf((1.0f + (4.0f * (((-0.25f * (u * ((float) M_PI))) - (((float) M_PI) * -0.25f)) / s))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.25) * Float32(u * Float32(pi))) - Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.25))) / s)))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log((single(1.0) + (single(4.0) * (((single(-0.25) * (u * single(pi))) - (single(pi) * single(-0.25))) / s)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(1 + 4 \cdot \frac{-0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) - \pi \cdot -0.25}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.9%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.0%
*-commutative25.0%
Simplified25.0%
Final simplification25.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (+ 1.0 (/ PI s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((1.0f + (((float) M_PI) / s)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(1.0) + (single(pi) / s))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(1 + \frac{\pi}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.9%
expm1-log1p-u24.9%
expm1-undefine24.9%
Applied egg-rr24.9%
expm1-define24.9%
Simplified24.9%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log1p (/ PI s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.9%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.0%
associate-*r*25.0%
neg-mul-125.0%
log1p-define25.0%
Simplified25.0%
Final simplification25.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (* 4.0 (/ (* u (+ (* PI -0.5) (* 0.25 (/ PI u)))) (- s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (4.0f * ((u * ((((float) M_PI) * -0.5f) + (0.25f * (((float) M_PI) / u)))) / -s));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.5)) + Float32(Float32(0.25) * Float32(Float32(pi) / u)))) / Float32(-s)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * (single(4.0) * ((u * ((single(pi) * single(-0.5)) + (single(0.25) * (single(pi) / u)))) / -s)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(4 \cdot \frac{u \cdot \left(\pi \cdot -0.5 + 0.25 \cdot \frac{\pi}{u}\right)}{-s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.1%
associate--r+11.1%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.1%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.1%
metadata-eval11.1%
associate-*r*11.1%
distribute-rgt-out11.1%
metadata-eval11.1%
*-commutative11.1%
*-commutative11.1%
associate-*l*11.1%
Simplified11.1%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 11.1%
Final simplification11.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* u (- (* PI 2.0) (/ PI u))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return u * ((((float) M_PI) * 2.0f) - (((float) M_PI) / u));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(2.0)) - Float32(Float32(pi) / u))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = u * ((single(pi) * single(2.0)) - (single(pi) / u)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
u \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 2 - \frac{\pi}{u}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.1%
associate--r+11.1%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.1%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.1%
metadata-eval11.1%
associate-*r*11.1%
distribute-rgt-out11.1%
metadata-eval11.1%
*-commutative11.1%
*-commutative11.1%
associate-*l*11.1%
Simplified11.1%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 11.1%
+-commutative11.1%
mul-1-neg11.1%
unsub-neg11.1%
*-commutative11.1%
Simplified11.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- (* u (* PI 2.0)) PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return (u * (((float) M_PI) * 2.0f)) - ((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(2.0))) - Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = (u * (single(pi) * single(2.0))) - single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
u \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 2\right) - \pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.1%
associate--r+11.1%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.1%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.1%
metadata-eval11.1%
associate-*r*11.1%
distribute-rgt-out11.1%
metadata-eval11.1%
*-commutative11.1%
*-commutative11.1%
associate-*l*11.1%
Simplified11.1%
add-cube-cbrt11.1%
pow311.1%
*-commutative11.1%
Applied egg-rr11.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.1%
mul-1-neg11.1%
unsub-neg11.1%
Simplified11.1%
Final simplification11.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* PI (+ -1.0 (* u 2.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return ((float) M_PI) * (-1.0f + (u * 2.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(u * Float32(2.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(pi) * (single(-1.0) + (u * single(2.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\pi \cdot \left(-1 + u \cdot 2\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.1%
associate--r+11.1%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.1%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.1%
metadata-eval11.1%
associate-*r*11.1%
distribute-rgt-out11.1%
metadata-eval11.1%
*-commutative11.1%
*-commutative11.1%
associate-*l*11.1%
Simplified11.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.1%
neg-mul-111.1%
+-commutative11.1%
associate-*r*11.1%
neg-mul-111.1%
distribute-rgt-out11.1%
Simplified11.1%
Final simplification11.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 10.9%
neg-mul-110.9%
Simplified10.9%
herbie shell --seed 2024148
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))