
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x y) (- x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (x - y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x + y) / (x - y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (x - y);
}
def code(x, y): return (x + y) / (x - y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x + y) / Float64(x - y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x + y) / (x - y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x + y}{x - y}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 8 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x y) (- x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (x - y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x + y) / (x - y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (x - y);
}
def code(x, y): return (x + y) / (x - y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x + y) / Float64(x - y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x + y) / (x - y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x + y}{x - y}
\end{array}
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x y) (- x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (x - y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x + y) / (x - y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (x - y);
}
def code(x, y): return (x + y) / (x - y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x + y) / Float64(x - y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x + y) / (x - y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x + y}{x - y}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.9%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (or (<= x -1.35e-47) (not (<= x 5e+32))) (+ 1.0 (* 2.0 (/ y x))) (/ y (- x y))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -1.35e-47) || !(x <= 5e+32)) {
tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x));
} else {
tmp = y / (x - y);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if ((x <= (-1.35d-47)) .or. (.not. (x <= 5d+32))) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + (2.0d0 * (y / x))
else
tmp = y / (x - y)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -1.35e-47) || !(x <= 5e+32)) {
tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x));
} else {
tmp = y / (x - y);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if (x <= -1.35e-47) or not (x <= 5e+32): tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x)) else: tmp = y / (x - y) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if ((x <= -1.35e-47) || !(x <= 5e+32)) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(2.0 * Float64(y / x))); else tmp = Float64(y / Float64(x - y)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if ((x <= -1.35e-47) || ~((x <= 5e+32))) tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x)); else tmp = y / (x - y); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -1.35e-47], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 5e+32]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(1.0 + N[(2.0 * N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(y / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.35 \cdot 10^{-47} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 5 \cdot 10^{+32}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;1 + 2 \cdot \frac{y}{x}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{y}{x - y}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < -1.3499999999999999e-47 or 4.9999999999999997e32 < x Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in y around 0 81.1%
if -1.3499999999999999e-47 < x < 4.9999999999999997e32Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 78.5%
Final simplification80.0%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (or (<= x -2.45e-48) (not (<= x 5e+32))) (/ (+ x y) x) (/ y (- x y))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -2.45e-48) || !(x <= 5e+32)) {
tmp = (x + y) / x;
} else {
tmp = y / (x - y);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if ((x <= (-2.45d-48)) .or. (.not. (x <= 5d+32))) then
tmp = (x + y) / x
else
tmp = y / (x - y)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -2.45e-48) || !(x <= 5e+32)) {
tmp = (x + y) / x;
} else {
tmp = y / (x - y);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if (x <= -2.45e-48) or not (x <= 5e+32): tmp = (x + y) / x else: tmp = y / (x - y) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if ((x <= -2.45e-48) || !(x <= 5e+32)) tmp = Float64(Float64(x + y) / x); else tmp = Float64(y / Float64(x - y)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if ((x <= -2.45e-48) || ~((x <= 5e+32))) tmp = (x + y) / x; else tmp = y / (x - y); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -2.45e-48], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 5e+32]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / x), $MachinePrecision], N[(y / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -2.45 \cdot 10^{-48} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 5 \cdot 10^{+32}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x + y}{x}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{y}{x - y}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < -2.4500000000000001e-48 or 4.9999999999999997e32 < x Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 80.2%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 80.3%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 80.3%
+-commutative80.3%
Simplified80.3%
if -2.4500000000000001e-48 < x < 4.9999999999999997e32Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 78.5%
Final simplification79.6%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (or (<= x -9e-49) (not (<= x 5.2e+32))) (+ 1.0 (/ y x)) (/ y (- x y))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -9e-49) || !(x <= 5.2e+32)) {
tmp = 1.0 + (y / x);
} else {
tmp = y / (x - y);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if ((x <= (-9d-49)) .or. (.not. (x <= 5.2d+32))) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + (y / x)
else
tmp = y / (x - y)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -9e-49) || !(x <= 5.2e+32)) {
tmp = 1.0 + (y / x);
} else {
tmp = y / (x - y);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if (x <= -9e-49) or not (x <= 5.2e+32): tmp = 1.0 + (y / x) else: tmp = y / (x - y) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if ((x <= -9e-49) || !(x <= 5.2e+32)) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(y / x)); else tmp = Float64(y / Float64(x - y)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if ((x <= -9e-49) || ~((x <= 5.2e+32))) tmp = 1.0 + (y / x); else tmp = y / (x - y); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -9e-49], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 5.2e+32]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(1.0 + N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(y / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -9 \cdot 10^{-49} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 5.2 \cdot 10^{+32}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;1 + \frac{y}{x}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{y}{x - y}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < -9.0000000000000004e-49 or 5.2000000000000004e32 < x Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 80.2%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 80.3%
if -9.0000000000000004e-49 < x < 5.2000000000000004e32Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 78.5%
Final simplification79.6%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (or (<= x -2.3e-55) (not (<= x 5.1e+32))) (+ 1.0 (/ y x)) (- -1.0 (/ x y))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -2.3e-55) || !(x <= 5.1e+32)) {
tmp = 1.0 + (y / x);
} else {
tmp = -1.0 - (x / y);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if ((x <= (-2.3d-55)) .or. (.not. (x <= 5.1d+32))) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + (y / x)
else
tmp = (-1.0d0) - (x / y)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -2.3e-55) || !(x <= 5.1e+32)) {
tmp = 1.0 + (y / x);
} else {
tmp = -1.0 - (x / y);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if (x <= -2.3e-55) or not (x <= 5.1e+32): tmp = 1.0 + (y / x) else: tmp = -1.0 - (x / y) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if ((x <= -2.3e-55) || !(x <= 5.1e+32)) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(y / x)); else tmp = Float64(-1.0 - Float64(x / y)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if ((x <= -2.3e-55) || ~((x <= 5.1e+32))) tmp = 1.0 + (y / x); else tmp = -1.0 - (x / y); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -2.3e-55], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 5.1e+32]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(1.0 + N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(-1.0 - N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -2.3 \cdot 10^{-55} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 5.1 \cdot 10^{+32}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;1 + \frac{y}{x}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1 - \frac{x}{y}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < -2.30000000000000011e-55 or 5.10000000000000004e32 < x Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 80.2%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 80.3%
if -2.30000000000000011e-55 < x < 5.10000000000000004e32Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 78.5%
Taylor expanded in y around inf 78.3%
sub-neg78.3%
metadata-eval78.3%
+-commutative78.3%
mul-1-neg78.3%
sub-neg78.3%
Simplified78.3%
Final simplification79.5%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (or (<= x -1.35e-47) (not (<= x 5e+32))) (+ 1.0 (/ y x)) -1.0))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -1.35e-47) || !(x <= 5e+32)) {
tmp = 1.0 + (y / x);
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if ((x <= (-1.35d-47)) .or. (.not. (x <= 5d+32))) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + (y / x)
else
tmp = -1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -1.35e-47) || !(x <= 5e+32)) {
tmp = 1.0 + (y / x);
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if (x <= -1.35e-47) or not (x <= 5e+32): tmp = 1.0 + (y / x) else: tmp = -1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if ((x <= -1.35e-47) || !(x <= 5e+32)) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(y / x)); else tmp = -1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if ((x <= -1.35e-47) || ~((x <= 5e+32))) tmp = 1.0 + (y / x); else tmp = -1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -1.35e-47], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 5e+32]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(1.0 + N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -1.0]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.35 \cdot 10^{-47} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 5 \cdot 10^{+32}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;1 + \frac{y}{x}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < -1.3499999999999999e-47 or 4.9999999999999997e32 < x Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 80.2%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 80.3%
if -1.3499999999999999e-47 < x < 4.9999999999999997e32Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 77.8%
Final simplification79.3%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= x -1e-51) 1.0 (if (<= x 5e+32) -1.0 1.0)))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (x <= -1e-51) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (x <= 5e+32) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= (-1d-51)) then
tmp = 1.0d0
else if (x <= 5d+32) then
tmp = -1.0d0
else
tmp = 1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (x <= -1e-51) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (x <= 5e+32) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if x <= -1e-51: tmp = 1.0 elif x <= 5e+32: tmp = -1.0 else: tmp = 1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= -1e-51) tmp = 1.0; elseif (x <= 5e+32) tmp = -1.0; else tmp = 1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= -1e-51) tmp = 1.0; elseif (x <= 5e+32) tmp = -1.0; else tmp = 1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[x, -1e-51], 1.0, If[LessEqual[x, 5e+32], -1.0, 1.0]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 5 \cdot 10^{+32}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < -1e-51 or 4.9999999999999997e32 < x Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 79.7%
if -1e-51 < x < 4.9999999999999997e32Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 77.8%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 -1.0)
double code(double x, double y) {
return -1.0;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = -1.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return -1.0;
}
def code(x, y): return -1.0
function code(x, y) return -1.0 end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = -1.0; end
code[x_, y_] := -1.0
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-1
\end{array}
Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 43.7%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ 1.0 (- (/ x (+ x y)) (/ y (+ x y)))))
double code(double x, double y) {
return 1.0 / ((x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = 1.0d0 / ((x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return 1.0 / ((x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)));
}
def code(x, y): return 1.0 / ((x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)))
function code(x, y) return Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(x / Float64(x + y)) - Float64(y / Float64(x + y)))) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = 1.0 / ((x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y))); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(1.0 / N[(N[(x / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(y / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{1}{\frac{x}{x + y} - \frac{y}{x + y}}
\end{array}
herbie shell --seed 2024146
(FPCore (x y)
:name "Linear.Projection:perspective from linear-1.19.1.3, A"
:precision binary64
:alt
(! :herbie-platform default (/ 1 (- (/ x (+ x y)) (/ y (+ x y)))))
(/ (+ x y) (- x y)))