Graphics.Rendering.Chart.Backend.Diagrams:calcFontMetrics from Chart-diagrams-1.5.1, A

Percentage Accurate: 87.6% → 99.8%
Time: 7.0s
Alternatives: 6
Speedup: 0.3×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x y) (- 1.0 (/ y z))))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = (x + y) / (1.0d0 - (y / z))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z));
}
def code(x, y, z):
	return (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z))
function code(x, y, z)
	return Float64(Float64(x + y) / Float64(1.0 - Float64(y / z)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z));
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 - N[(y / z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 6 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 87.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x y) (- 1.0 (/ y z))))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = (x + y) / (1.0d0 - (y / z))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z));
}
def code(x, y, z):
	return (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z))
function code(x, y, z)
	return Float64(Float64(x + y) / Float64(1.0 - Float64(y / z)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z));
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 - N[(y / z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.8% accurate, 0.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}}\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_0 \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-288} \lor \neg \left(t\_0 \leq 0\right):\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;z \cdot \left(-1 - \frac{x}{y}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ (+ x y) (- 1.0 (/ y z)))))
   (if (or (<= t_0 -2e-288) (not (<= t_0 0.0))) t_0 (* z (- -1.0 (/ x y))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double t_0 = (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z));
	double tmp;
	if ((t_0 <= -2e-288) || !(t_0 <= 0.0)) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else {
		tmp = z * (-1.0 - (x / y));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = (x + y) / (1.0d0 - (y / z))
    if ((t_0 <= (-2d-288)) .or. (.not. (t_0 <= 0.0d0))) then
        tmp = t_0
    else
        tmp = z * ((-1.0d0) - (x / y))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double t_0 = (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z));
	double tmp;
	if ((t_0 <= -2e-288) || !(t_0 <= 0.0)) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else {
		tmp = z * (-1.0 - (x / y));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z):
	t_0 = (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z))
	tmp = 0
	if (t_0 <= -2e-288) or not (t_0 <= 0.0):
		tmp = t_0
	else:
		tmp = z * (-1.0 - (x / y))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(x + y) / Float64(1.0 - Float64(y / z)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((t_0 <= -2e-288) || !(t_0 <= 0.0))
		tmp = t_0;
	else
		tmp = Float64(z * Float64(-1.0 - Float64(x / y)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
	t_0 = (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((t_0 <= -2e-288) || ~((t_0 <= 0.0)))
		tmp = t_0;
	else
		tmp = z * (-1.0 - (x / y));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 - N[(y / z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Or[LessEqual[t$95$0, -2e-288], N[Not[LessEqual[t$95$0, 0.0]], $MachinePrecision]], t$95$0, N[(z * N[(-1.0 - N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}}\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_0 \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-288} \lor \neg \left(t\_0 \leq 0\right):\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;z \cdot \left(-1 - \frac{x}{y}\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 (+.f64 x y) (-.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 y z))) < -2.00000000000000012e-288 or 0.0 < (/.f64 (+.f64 x y) (-.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 y z)))

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing

    if -2.00000000000000012e-288 < (/.f64 (+.f64 x y) (-.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (/.f64 y z))) < 0.0

    1. Initial program 16.4%

      \[\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. flip--4.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{x + y}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 1 - \frac{y}{z} \cdot \frac{y}{z}}{1 + \frac{y}{z}}}} \]
      2. associate-/r/1.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x + y}{1 \cdot 1 - \frac{y}{z} \cdot \frac{y}{z}} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)} \]
      3. metadata-eval1.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{x + y}{\color{blue}{1} - \frac{y}{z} \cdot \frac{y}{z}} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right) \]
      4. pow21.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{x + y}{1 - \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{y}{z}\right)}^{2}}} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr1.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x + y}{1 - {\left(\frac{y}{z}\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/4.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)}{1 - {\left(\frac{y}{z}\right)}^{2}}} \]
      2. +-commutative4.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)}{1 - {\left(\frac{y}{z}\right)}^{2}} \]
    6. Simplified4.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)}{1 - {\left(\frac{y}{z}\right)}^{2}}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow24.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)}{1 - \color{blue}{\frac{y}{z} \cdot \frac{y}{z}}} \]
      2. clear-num4.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)}{1 - \frac{y}{z} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{z}{y}}}} \]
      3. un-div-inv4.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)}{1 - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{y}{z}}{\frac{z}{y}}}} \]
    8. Applied egg-rr4.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)}{1 - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{y}{z}}{\frac{z}{y}}}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in z around 0 90.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)}{y}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg90.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)}{y}} \]
      2. associate-/l*99.9%

        \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{z \cdot \frac{x + y}{y}} \]
      3. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto -z \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{y + x}}{y} \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(-\frac{y + x}{y}\right)} \]
      5. neg-sub099.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0 - \frac{y + x}{y}\right)} \]
      6. *-lft-identity99.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(0 - \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{y + x}{y}}\right) \]
      7. associate-*r/99.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(0 - \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(y + x\right)}{y}}\right) \]
      8. associate-*l/99.7%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(0 - \color{blue}{\frac{1}{y} \cdot \left(y + x\right)}\right) \]
      9. distribute-rgt-in99.7%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(0 - \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot \frac{1}{y} + x \cdot \frac{1}{y}\right)}\right) \]
      10. rgt-mult-inverse99.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(0 - \left(\color{blue}{1} + x \cdot \frac{1}{y}\right)\right) \]
      11. associate--r+99.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(0 - 1\right) - x \cdot \frac{1}{y}\right)} \]
      12. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-1} - x \cdot \frac{1}{y}\right) \]
      13. associate-*r/99.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(-1 - \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot 1}{y}}\right) \]
      14. *-rgt-identity99.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(-1 - \frac{\color{blue}{x}}{y}\right) \]
    11. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(-1 - \frac{x}{y}\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification99.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-288} \lor \neg \left(\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \leq 0\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;z \cdot \left(-1 - \frac{x}{y}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 74.5% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{+71} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 1.75 \cdot 10^{-31}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;z \cdot \left(-1 - \frac{x}{y}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= y -5.5e+71) (not (<= y 1.75e-31)))
   (* z (- -1.0 (/ x y)))
   (+ x y)))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if ((y <= -5.5e+71) || !(y <= 1.75e-31)) {
		tmp = z * (-1.0 - (x / y));
	} else {
		tmp = x + y;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((y <= (-5.5d+71)) .or. (.not. (y <= 1.75d-31))) then
        tmp = z * ((-1.0d0) - (x / y))
    else
        tmp = x + y
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if ((y <= -5.5e+71) || !(y <= 1.75e-31)) {
		tmp = z * (-1.0 - (x / y));
	} else {
		tmp = x + y;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z):
	tmp = 0
	if (y <= -5.5e+71) or not (y <= 1.75e-31):
		tmp = z * (-1.0 - (x / y))
	else:
		tmp = x + y
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((y <= -5.5e+71) || !(y <= 1.75e-31))
		tmp = Float64(z * Float64(-1.0 - Float64(x / y)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(x + y);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((y <= -5.5e+71) || ~((y <= 1.75e-31)))
		tmp = z * (-1.0 - (x / y));
	else
		tmp = x + y;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := If[Or[LessEqual[y, -5.5e+71], N[Not[LessEqual[y, 1.75e-31]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(z * N[(-1.0 - N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{+71} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 1.75 \cdot 10^{-31}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;z \cdot \left(-1 - \frac{x}{y}\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;x + y\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if y < -5.5e71 or 1.74999999999999993e-31 < y

    1. Initial program 81.9%

      \[\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. flip--55.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{x + y}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 1 - \frac{y}{z} \cdot \frac{y}{z}}{1 + \frac{y}{z}}}} \]
      2. associate-/r/55.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x + y}{1 \cdot 1 - \frac{y}{z} \cdot \frac{y}{z}} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)} \]
      3. metadata-eval55.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{x + y}{\color{blue}{1} - \frac{y}{z} \cdot \frac{y}{z}} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right) \]
      4. pow255.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{x + y}{1 - \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{y}{z}\right)}^{2}}} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right) \]
    4. Applied egg-rr55.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x + y}{1 - {\left(\frac{y}{z}\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/43.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)}{1 - {\left(\frac{y}{z}\right)}^{2}}} \]
      2. +-commutative43.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)}{1 - {\left(\frac{y}{z}\right)}^{2}} \]
    6. Simplified43.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)}{1 - {\left(\frac{y}{z}\right)}^{2}}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow243.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)}{1 - \color{blue}{\frac{y}{z} \cdot \frac{y}{z}}} \]
      2. clear-num42.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)}{1 - \frac{y}{z} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{z}{y}}}} \]
      3. un-div-inv43.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)}{1 - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{y}{z}}{\frac{z}{y}}}} \]
    8. Applied egg-rr43.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{y}{z}\right)}{1 - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{y}{z}}{\frac{z}{y}}}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in z around 0 50.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)}{y}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg50.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\frac{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)}{y}} \]
      2. associate-/l*72.9%

        \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{z \cdot \frac{x + y}{y}} \]
      3. +-commutative72.9%

        \[\leadsto -z \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{y + x}}{y} \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-in72.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(-\frac{y + x}{y}\right)} \]
      5. neg-sub072.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0 - \frac{y + x}{y}\right)} \]
      6. *-lft-identity72.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(0 - \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{y + x}{y}}\right) \]
      7. associate-*r/72.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(0 - \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(y + x\right)}{y}}\right) \]
      8. associate-*l/72.8%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(0 - \color{blue}{\frac{1}{y} \cdot \left(y + x\right)}\right) \]
      9. distribute-rgt-in72.8%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(0 - \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot \frac{1}{y} + x \cdot \frac{1}{y}\right)}\right) \]
      10. rgt-mult-inverse72.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(0 - \left(\color{blue}{1} + x \cdot \frac{1}{y}\right)\right) \]
      11. associate--r+72.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(0 - 1\right) - x \cdot \frac{1}{y}\right)} \]
      12. metadata-eval72.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-1} - x \cdot \frac{1}{y}\right) \]
      13. associate-*r/72.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(-1 - \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot 1}{y}}\right) \]
      14. *-rgt-identity72.9%

        \[\leadsto z \cdot \left(-1 - \frac{\color{blue}{x}}{y}\right) \]
    11. Simplified72.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(-1 - \frac{x}{y}\right)} \]

    if -5.5e71 < y < 1.74999999999999993e-31

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in z around inf 78.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative78.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
    5. Simplified78.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification76.0%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{+71} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 1.75 \cdot 10^{-31}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;z \cdot \left(-1 - \frac{x}{y}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 58.5% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2.7 \cdot 10^{+62}:\\ \;\;\;\;-z\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq -1.05 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\ \;\;\;\;y\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.8 \cdot 10^{-31}:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-z\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= y -2.7e+62)
   (- z)
   (if (<= y -1.05e-51) y (if (<= y 1.8e-31) x (- z)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -2.7e+62) {
		tmp = -z;
	} else if (y <= -1.05e-51) {
		tmp = y;
	} else if (y <= 1.8e-31) {
		tmp = x;
	} else {
		tmp = -z;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (y <= (-2.7d+62)) then
        tmp = -z
    else if (y <= (-1.05d-51)) then
        tmp = y
    else if (y <= 1.8d-31) then
        tmp = x
    else
        tmp = -z
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -2.7e+62) {
		tmp = -z;
	} else if (y <= -1.05e-51) {
		tmp = y;
	} else if (y <= 1.8e-31) {
		tmp = x;
	} else {
		tmp = -z;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z):
	tmp = 0
	if y <= -2.7e+62:
		tmp = -z
	elif y <= -1.05e-51:
		tmp = y
	elif y <= 1.8e-31:
		tmp = x
	else:
		tmp = -z
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y <= -2.7e+62)
		tmp = Float64(-z);
	elseif (y <= -1.05e-51)
		tmp = y;
	elseif (y <= 1.8e-31)
		tmp = x;
	else
		tmp = Float64(-z);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (y <= -2.7e+62)
		tmp = -z;
	elseif (y <= -1.05e-51)
		tmp = y;
	elseif (y <= 1.8e-31)
		tmp = x;
	else
		tmp = -z;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := If[LessEqual[y, -2.7e+62], (-z), If[LessEqual[y, -1.05e-51], y, If[LessEqual[y, 1.8e-31], x, (-z)]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2.7 \cdot 10^{+62}:\\
\;\;\;\;-z\\

\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq -1.05 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\
\;\;\;\;y\\

\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.8 \cdot 10^{-31}:\\
\;\;\;\;x\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-z\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if y < -2.7e62 or 1.80000000000000002e-31 < y

    1. Initial program 82.5%

      \[\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in y around inf 58.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot z} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-158.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-z} \]
    5. Simplified58.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-z} \]

    if -2.7e62 < y < -1.05000000000000001e-51

    1. Initial program 96.5%

      \[\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in z around inf 58.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative58.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
    5. Simplified58.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in y around inf 45.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y} \]

    if -1.05000000000000001e-51 < y < 1.80000000000000002e-31

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in y around 0 74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 66.4% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -5.8 \cdot 10^{+62} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 4.8 \cdot 10^{+199}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;-z\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= y -5.8e+62) (not (<= y 4.8e+199))) (- z) (+ x y)))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if ((y <= -5.8e+62) || !(y <= 4.8e+199)) {
		tmp = -z;
	} else {
		tmp = x + y;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((y <= (-5.8d+62)) .or. (.not. (y <= 4.8d+199))) then
        tmp = -z
    else
        tmp = x + y
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if ((y <= -5.8e+62) || !(y <= 4.8e+199)) {
		tmp = -z;
	} else {
		tmp = x + y;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z):
	tmp = 0
	if (y <= -5.8e+62) or not (y <= 4.8e+199):
		tmp = -z
	else:
		tmp = x + y
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((y <= -5.8e+62) || !(y <= 4.8e+199))
		tmp = Float64(-z);
	else
		tmp = Float64(x + y);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((y <= -5.8e+62) || ~((y <= 4.8e+199)))
		tmp = -z;
	else
		tmp = x + y;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := If[Or[LessEqual[y, -5.8e+62], N[Not[LessEqual[y, 4.8e+199]], $MachinePrecision]], (-z), N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -5.8 \cdot 10^{+62} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 4.8 \cdot 10^{+199}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;-z\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;x + y\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if y < -5.79999999999999968e62 or 4.8000000000000003e199 < y

    1. Initial program 76.6%

      \[\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in y around inf 74.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot z} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-174.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-z} \]
    5. Simplified74.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-z} \]

    if -5.79999999999999968e62 < y < 4.8000000000000003e199

    1. Initial program 96.8%

      \[\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in z around inf 69.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative69.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
    5. Simplified69.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification71.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -5.8 \cdot 10^{+62} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 4.8 \cdot 10^{+199}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;-z\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 37.8% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.5 \cdot 10^{-52}:\\ \;\;\;\;y\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.8 \cdot 10^{-31}:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;y\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= y -1.5e-52) y (if (<= y 1.8e-31) x y)))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -1.5e-52) {
		tmp = y;
	} else if (y <= 1.8e-31) {
		tmp = x;
	} else {
		tmp = y;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (y <= (-1.5d-52)) then
        tmp = y
    else if (y <= 1.8d-31) then
        tmp = x
    else
        tmp = y
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -1.5e-52) {
		tmp = y;
	} else if (y <= 1.8e-31) {
		tmp = x;
	} else {
		tmp = y;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z):
	tmp = 0
	if y <= -1.5e-52:
		tmp = y
	elif y <= 1.8e-31:
		tmp = x
	else:
		tmp = y
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y <= -1.5e-52)
		tmp = y;
	elseif (y <= 1.8e-31)
		tmp = x;
	else
		tmp = y;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (y <= -1.5e-52)
		tmp = y;
	elseif (y <= 1.8e-31)
		tmp = x;
	else
		tmp = y;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := If[LessEqual[y, -1.5e-52], y, If[LessEqual[y, 1.8e-31], x, y]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.5 \cdot 10^{-52}:\\
\;\;\;\;y\\

\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.8 \cdot 10^{-31}:\\
\;\;\;\;x\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;y\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if y < -1.5e-52 or 1.80000000000000002e-31 < y

    1. Initial program 85.1%

      \[\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in z around inf 33.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative33.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
    5. Simplified33.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + x} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in y around inf 26.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y} \]

    if -1.5e-52 < y < 1.80000000000000002e-31

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in y around 0 74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 34.8% accurate, 9.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 x)
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return x;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = x
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return x;
}
def code(x, y, z):
	return x
function code(x, y, z)
	return x
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = x;
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := x
\begin{array}{l}

\\
x
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 91.1%

    \[\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in y around 0 36.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing

Developer Target 1: 93.9% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{y + x}{-y} \cdot z\\ \mathbf{if}\;y < -3.7429310762689856 \cdot 10^{+171}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y < 3.5534662456086734 \cdot 10^{+168}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ (+ y x) (- y)) z)))
   (if (< y -3.7429310762689856e+171)
     t_0
     (if (< y 3.5534662456086734e+168) (/ (+ x y) (- 1.0 (/ y z))) t_0))))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double t_0 = ((y + x) / -y) * z;
	double tmp;
	if (y < -3.7429310762689856e+171) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (y < 3.5534662456086734e+168) {
		tmp = (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z));
	} else {
		tmp = t_0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = ((y + x) / -y) * z
    if (y < (-3.7429310762689856d+171)) then
        tmp = t_0
    else if (y < 3.5534662456086734d+168) then
        tmp = (x + y) / (1.0d0 - (y / z))
    else
        tmp = t_0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double t_0 = ((y + x) / -y) * z;
	double tmp;
	if (y < -3.7429310762689856e+171) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (y < 3.5534662456086734e+168) {
		tmp = (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z));
	} else {
		tmp = t_0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z):
	t_0 = ((y + x) / -y) * z
	tmp = 0
	if y < -3.7429310762689856e+171:
		tmp = t_0
	elif y < 3.5534662456086734e+168:
		tmp = (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z))
	else:
		tmp = t_0
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(Float64(y + x) / Float64(-y)) * z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y < -3.7429310762689856e+171)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (y < 3.5534662456086734e+168)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(x + y) / Float64(1.0 - Float64(y / z)));
	else
		tmp = t_0;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
	t_0 = ((y + x) / -y) * z;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (y < -3.7429310762689856e+171)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (y < 3.5534662456086734e+168)
		tmp = (x + y) / (1.0 - (y / z));
	else
		tmp = t_0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision] / (-y)), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Less[y, -3.7429310762689856e+171], t$95$0, If[Less[y, 3.5534662456086734e+168], N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 - N[(y / z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{y + x}{-y} \cdot z\\
\mathbf{if}\;y < -3.7429310762689856 \cdot 10^{+171}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0\\

\mathbf{elif}\;y < 3.5534662456086734 \cdot 10^{+168}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x + y}{1 - \frac{y}{z}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0\\


\end{array}
\end{array}

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024145 
(FPCore (x y z)
  :name "Graphics.Rendering.Chart.Backend.Diagrams:calcFontMetrics from Chart-diagrams-1.5.1, A"
  :precision binary64

  :alt
  (! :herbie-platform default (if (< y -3742931076268985600000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000) (* (/ (+ y x) (- y)) z) (if (< y 3553466245608673400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000) (/ (+ x y) (- 1 (/ y z))) (* (/ (+ y x) (- y)) z))))

  (/ (+ x y) (- 1.0 (/ y z))))