
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 11 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ 0.125 (* (* s PI) (* r (exp (/ r s))))) (* 0.75 (/ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) (* r (* s (* PI 6.0)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * (r * expf((r / s))))) + (0.75f * (expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) / (r * (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * Float32(r * exp(Float32(r / s))))) + Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0))))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / ((s * single(pi)) * (r * exp((r / s))))) + (single(0.75) * (exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / (r * (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(r \cdot e^{\frac{r}{s}}\right)} + 0.75 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
times-frac99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
distribute-frac-neg99.6%
associate-/l*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
associate-*r*99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.6%
associate-*r/99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.6%
clear-num99.7%
frac-times99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
div-inv99.7%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod7.1%
sqr-neg7.1%
sqrt-unprod7.1%
add-sqr-sqrt7.1%
exp-neg7.1%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod99.7%
sqr-neg99.7%
sqrt-unprod99.7%
add-sqr-sqrt99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) (exp (/ r (- s)))) (* (* s PI) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) + expf((r / -s))) / ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) + exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s)))) / Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) + exp((r / -s))) / ((s * single(pi)) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}} + e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.6%
associate-*r/99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ r (- s))) (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333))) (* (* s PI) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((r / -s)) + expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f))) / ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) + exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)))) / Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((r / -s)) + exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333)))) / ((s * single(pi)) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}} + e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.6%
mul-1-neg99.6%
distribute-frac-neg299.6%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod7.1%
distribute-frac-neg27.1%
distribute-frac-neg27.1%
sqr-neg7.1%
sqrt-unprod7.1%
add-sqr-sqrt7.1%
frac-2neg7.1%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod99.6%
sqr-neg99.6%
sqrt-prod99.6%
add-sqr-sqrt99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(if (<= r 4.0)
(/
(-
(/ 0.25 (* PI r))
(/
(+ (/ (* (/ r PI) -0.06944444444444445) s) (/ 0.16666666666666666 PI))
s))
s)
(/ (/ -0.25 s) (log1p (expm1 (* PI r))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
float tmp;
if (r <= 4.0f) {
tmp = ((0.25f / (((float) M_PI) * r)) - (((((r / ((float) M_PI)) * -0.06944444444444445f) / s) + (0.16666666666666666f / ((float) M_PI))) / s)) / s;
} else {
tmp = (-0.25f / s) / log1pf(expm1f((((float) M_PI) * r)));
}
return tmp;
}
function code(s, r) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (r <= Float32(4.0)) tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(pi) * r)) - Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(r / Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.06944444444444445)) / s) + Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(pi))) / s)) / s); else tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.25) / s) / log1p(expm1(Float32(Float32(pi) * r)))); end return tmp end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;r \leq 4:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{0.25}{\pi \cdot r} - \frac{\frac{\frac{r}{\pi} \cdot -0.06944444444444445}{s} + \frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi}}{s}}{s}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{-0.25}{s}}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\pi \cdot r\right)\right)}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if r < 4Initial program 99.4%
+-commutative99.4%
times-frac99.4%
fma-define99.4%
associate-*l*99.2%
associate-/r*99.2%
metadata-eval99.2%
*-commutative99.2%
neg-mul-199.2%
times-frac99.3%
metadata-eval99.3%
times-frac99.2%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 14.9%
mul-1-neg14.9%
Simplified14.9%
if 4 < r Initial program 99.9%
Simplified99.9%
add-sqr-sqrt99.8%
sqrt-unprod99.9%
prod-exp99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
Applied egg-rr99.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 5.0%
*-commutative5.0%
associate-/r*5.0%
*-commutative5.0%
associate-/r*5.0%
Simplified5.0%
div-inv5.0%
frac-2neg5.0%
distribute-neg-frac5.0%
metadata-eval5.0%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod4.6%
sqr-neg4.6%
sqrt-unprod4.9%
add-sqr-sqrt4.9%
Applied egg-rr4.9%
associate-*r/4.9%
associate-*l/4.9%
associate-*r/4.9%
associate-*l/4.9%
associate-/l/4.9%
associate-*r/4.9%
metadata-eval4.9%
Simplified4.9%
log1p-expm1-u88.0%
Applied egg-rr88.0%
Final simplification46.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (log1p (expm1 (* (* s PI) r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / log1pf(expm1f(((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / log1p(expm1(Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.7%
log1p-expm1-u10.3%
Applied egg-rr10.3%
Final simplification10.3%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(/
(-
(/ 0.25 (* PI r))
(/
(+ (/ (* (/ r PI) -0.06944444444444445) s) (/ 0.16666666666666666 PI))
s))
s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (((float) M_PI) * r)) - (((((r / ((float) M_PI)) * -0.06944444444444445f) / s) + (0.16666666666666666f / ((float) M_PI))) / s)) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(pi) * r)) - Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(r / Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.06944444444444445)) / s) + Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(pi))) / s)) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (single(pi) * r)) - (((((r / single(pi)) * single(-0.06944444444444445)) / s) + (single(0.16666666666666666) / single(pi))) / s)) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{\pi \cdot r} - \frac{\frac{\frac{r}{\pi} \cdot -0.06944444444444445}{s} + \frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi}}{s}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
+-commutative99.6%
times-frac99.7%
fma-define99.6%
associate-*l*99.5%
associate-/r*99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
neg-mul-199.5%
times-frac99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
times-frac99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 10.0%
mul-1-neg10.0%
Simplified10.0%
Final simplification10.0%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ -1.0 (/ s (- (/ -0.25 (* PI r)) (/ -0.16666666666666666 (* s PI))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return -1.0f / (s / ((-0.25f / (((float) M_PI) * r)) - (-0.16666666666666666f / (s * ((float) M_PI)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(-1.0) / Float32(s / Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.25) / Float32(Float32(pi) * r)) - Float32(Float32(-0.16666666666666666) / Float32(s * Float32(pi)))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(-1.0) / (s / ((single(-0.25) / (single(pi) * r)) - (single(-0.16666666666666666) / (s * single(pi))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{-1}{\frac{s}{\frac{-0.25}{\pi \cdot r} - \frac{-0.16666666666666666}{s \cdot \pi}}}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.9%
clear-num8.9%
inv-pow8.9%
cancel-sign-sub-inv8.9%
un-div-inv8.9%
*-commutative8.9%
un-div-inv8.9%
metadata-eval8.9%
Applied egg-rr8.9%
unpow-18.9%
+-commutative8.9%
metadata-eval8.9%
distribute-neg-frac8.9%
associate-/l/8.9%
unsub-neg8.9%
associate-/l/8.9%
*-commutative8.9%
Simplified8.9%
Final simplification8.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (- (/ 0.25 (* PI r)) (/ 0.16666666666666666 (* s PI))) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (((float) M_PI) * r)) - (0.16666666666666666f / (s * ((float) M_PI)))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(pi) * r)) - Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (single(pi) * r)) - (single(0.16666666666666666) / (s * single(pi)))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{\pi \cdot r} - \frac{0.16666666666666666}{s \cdot \pi}}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.9%
associate-*r/8.9%
metadata-eval8.9%
associate-*r/8.9%
metadata-eval8.9%
Simplified8.9%
Final simplification8.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (/ 0.25 s) (* PI r)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f / s) / (((float) M_PI) * r);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / s) / Float32(Float32(pi) * r)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) / s) / (single(pi) * r); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{s}}{\pi \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.9%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.7%
*-commutative8.7%
associate-*r*8.7%
*-commutative8.7%
associate-/l/8.7%
*-commutative8.7%
Simplified8.7%
Final simplification8.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (/ 0.25 r) (* s PI)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f / r) / (s * ((float) M_PI));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / r) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) / r) / (s * single(pi)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.4%
add-sqr-sqrt99.2%
sqrt-unprod99.4%
prod-exp99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
Applied egg-rr99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.7%
*-commutative8.7%
associate-/r*8.7%
*-commutative8.7%
associate-/r*8.7%
Simplified8.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 8.7%
associate-/r*8.7%
Simplified8.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* (* s PI) r)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / ((s * single(pi)) * r); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
Simplified99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.7%
Final simplification8.7%
herbie shell --seed 2024145
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))