Diagrams.TwoD.Layout.CirclePacking:approxRadius from diagrams-contrib-1.3.0.5

Percentage Accurate: 44.4% → 57.3%
Time: 11.9s
Alternatives: 3
Speedup: 211.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\\ \frac{\tan t\_0}{\sin t\_0} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ x (* y 2.0)))) (/ (tan t_0) (sin t_0))))
double code(double x, double y) {
	double t_0 = x / (y * 2.0);
	return tan(t_0) / sin(t_0);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: t_0
    t_0 = x / (y * 2.0d0)
    code = tan(t_0) / sin(t_0)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double t_0 = x / (y * 2.0);
	return Math.tan(t_0) / Math.sin(t_0);
}
def code(x, y):
	t_0 = x / (y * 2.0)
	return math.tan(t_0) / math.sin(t_0)
function code(x, y)
	t_0 = Float64(x / Float64(y * 2.0))
	return Float64(tan(t_0) / sin(t_0))
end
function tmp = code(x, y)
	t_0 = x / (y * 2.0);
	tmp = tan(t_0) / sin(t_0);
end
code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(x / N[(y * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[Tan[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\\
\frac{\tan t\_0}{\sin t\_0}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 3 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 44.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\\ \frac{\tan t\_0}{\sin t\_0} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ x (* y 2.0)))) (/ (tan t_0) (sin t_0))))
double code(double x, double y) {
	double t_0 = x / (y * 2.0);
	return tan(t_0) / sin(t_0);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: t_0
    t_0 = x / (y * 2.0d0)
    code = tan(t_0) / sin(t_0)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double t_0 = x / (y * 2.0);
	return Math.tan(t_0) / Math.sin(t_0);
}
def code(x, y):
	t_0 = x / (y * 2.0)
	return math.tan(t_0) / math.sin(t_0)
function code(x, y)
	t_0 = Float64(x / Float64(y * 2.0))
	return Float64(tan(t_0) / sin(t_0))
end
function tmp = code(x, y)
	t_0 = x / (y * 2.0);
	tmp = tan(t_0) / sin(t_0);
end
code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(x / N[(y * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[Tan[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\\
\frac{\tan t\_0}{\sin t\_0}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 57.3% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x_m = \left|x\right| \\ y_m = \left|y\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{x\_m}{y\_m \cdot 2} \leq 6 \cdot 10^{+24}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\cos \left(e^{\log \left(\frac{x\_m}{\frac{y\_m}{0.5}}\right)}\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
x_m = (fabs.f64 x)
y_m = (fabs.f64 y)
(FPCore (x_m y_m)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (/ x_m (* y_m 2.0)) 6e+24)
   (/ 1.0 (cos (exp (log (/ x_m (/ y_m 0.5))))))
   1.0))
x_m = fabs(x);
y_m = fabs(y);
double code(double x_m, double y_m) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x_m / (y_m * 2.0)) <= 6e+24) {
		tmp = 1.0 / cos(exp(log((x_m / (y_m / 0.5)))));
	} else {
		tmp = 1.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
x_m = abs(x)
y_m = abs(y)
real(8) function code(x_m, y_m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: y_m
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((x_m / (y_m * 2.0d0)) <= 6d+24) then
        tmp = 1.0d0 / cos(exp(log((x_m / (y_m / 0.5d0)))))
    else
        tmp = 1.0d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
x_m = Math.abs(x);
y_m = Math.abs(y);
public static double code(double x_m, double y_m) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x_m / (y_m * 2.0)) <= 6e+24) {
		tmp = 1.0 / Math.cos(Math.exp(Math.log((x_m / (y_m / 0.5)))));
	} else {
		tmp = 1.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
x_m = math.fabs(x)
y_m = math.fabs(y)
def code(x_m, y_m):
	tmp = 0
	if (x_m / (y_m * 2.0)) <= 6e+24:
		tmp = 1.0 / math.cos(math.exp(math.log((x_m / (y_m / 0.5)))))
	else:
		tmp = 1.0
	return tmp
x_m = abs(x)
y_m = abs(y)
function code(x_m, y_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(x_m / Float64(y_m * 2.0)) <= 6e+24)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 / cos(exp(log(Float64(x_m / Float64(y_m / 0.5))))));
	else
		tmp = 1.0;
	end
	return tmp
end
x_m = abs(x);
y_m = abs(y);
function tmp_2 = code(x_m, y_m)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((x_m / (y_m * 2.0)) <= 6e+24)
		tmp = 1.0 / cos(exp(log((x_m / (y_m / 0.5)))));
	else
		tmp = 1.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
x_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
y_m = N[Abs[y], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$m_, y$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[N[(x$95$m / N[(y$95$m * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 6e+24], N[(1.0 / N[Cos[N[Exp[N[Log[N[(x$95$m / N[(y$95$m / 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1.0]
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
y_m = \left|y\right|

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\frac{x\_m}{y\_m \cdot 2} \leq 6 \cdot 10^{+24}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\cos \left(e^{\log \left(\frac{x\_m}{\frac{y\_m}{0.5}}\right)}\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 x (*.f64 y #s(literal 2 binary64))) < 5.9999999999999999e24

    1. Initial program 59.9%

      \[\frac{\tan \left(\frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{x}{y}\right)}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{x}{y}\right)}\right) \]
      2. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \cos \left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot x}{y}\right)\right) \]
      3. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \cos \left(\frac{x \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{y}\right)\right) \]
      4. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \cos \left(x \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{y}\right)\right) \]
      5. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \cos \left(x \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1}{y}\right)\right) \]
      6. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \cos \left(x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. cos-lowering-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(x \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1}{y}\right)\right)\right) \]
      9. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(x \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{y}\right)\right)\right) \]
      10. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(\frac{x \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{y}\right)\right)\right) \]
      11. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot x}{y}\right)\right)\right) \]
      12. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot x\right), y\right)\right)\right) \]
      13. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(x \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right), y\right)\right)\right) \]
      14. *-lowering-*.f6474.3%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{1}{2}\right), y\right)\right)\right) \]
    5. Simplified74.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\cos \left(\frac{x \cdot 0.5}{y}\right)}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{\frac{y}{x \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}\right)\right)\right) \]
      2. inv-powN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left({\left(\frac{y}{x \cdot \frac{1}{2}}\right)}^{-1}\right)\right)\right) \]
      3. pow-to-expN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(e^{\log \left(\frac{y}{x \cdot \frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot -1}\right)\right)\right) \]
      4. exp-lowering-exp.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\left(\log \left(\frac{y}{x \cdot \frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot -1\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      5. *-lowering-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\log \left(\frac{y}{x \cdot \frac{1}{2}}\right), -1\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      6. log-lowering-log.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{log.f64}\left(\left(\frac{y}{x \cdot \frac{1}{2}}\right)\right), -1\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{log.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(y, \left(x \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right), -1\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. *-lowering-*.f6433.7%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(\mathsf{log.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(y, \mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right), -1\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. Applied egg-rr33.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\cos \color{blue}{\left(e^{\log \left(\frac{y}{x \cdot 0.5}\right) \cdot -1}\right)}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. exp-lowering-exp.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\left(\log \left(\frac{y}{x \cdot \frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot -1\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      2. rem-log-expN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\log \left(e^{\log \left(\frac{y}{x \cdot \frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot -1}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      3. exp-to-powN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\log \left({\left(\frac{y}{x \cdot \frac{1}{2}}\right)}^{-1}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      4. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\log \left({\left(\frac{\frac{y}{\frac{1}{2}}}{x}\right)}^{-1}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      5. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\log \left({\left(\frac{y \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}}}{x}\right)}^{-1}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      6. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\log \left({\left(\frac{y \cdot 2}{x}\right)}^{-1}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. inv-powN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{y \cdot 2}{x}}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      8. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\log \left(\frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      9. log-lowering-log.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\mathsf{log.f64}\left(\left(\frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      10. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\mathsf{log.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(x, \left(y \cdot 2\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\mathsf{log.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(x, \left(y \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      12. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\mathsf{log.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(x, \left(\frac{y}{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      13. /-lowering-/.f6440.9%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{exp.f64}\left(\mathsf{log.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(x, \mathsf{/.f64}\left(y, \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    9. Applied egg-rr40.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\cos \color{blue}{\left(e^{\log \left(\frac{x}{\frac{y}{0.5}}\right)}\right)}} \]

    if 5.9999999999999999e24 < (/.f64 x (*.f64 y #s(literal 2 binary64)))

    1. Initial program 6.7%

      \[\frac{\tan \left(\frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Simplified11.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \]
    5. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    6. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 2: 57.4% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} x_m = \left|x\right| \\ y_m = \left|y\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{x\_m}{y\_m \cdot 2} \leq 6 \cdot 10^{+24}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\cos \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{y\_m}}{\frac{1}{x\_m}}\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    x_m = (fabs.f64 x)
    y_m = (fabs.f64 y)
    (FPCore (x_m y_m)
     :precision binary64
     (if (<= (/ x_m (* y_m 2.0)) 6e+24)
       (/ 1.0 (cos (/ (/ 0.5 y_m) (/ 1.0 x_m))))
       1.0))
    x_m = fabs(x);
    y_m = fabs(y);
    double code(double x_m, double y_m) {
    	double tmp;
    	if ((x_m / (y_m * 2.0)) <= 6e+24) {
    		tmp = 1.0 / cos(((0.5 / y_m) / (1.0 / x_m)));
    	} else {
    		tmp = 1.0;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    x_m = abs(x)
    y_m = abs(y)
    real(8) function code(x_m, y_m)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
        real(8), intent (in) :: y_m
        real(8) :: tmp
        if ((x_m / (y_m * 2.0d0)) <= 6d+24) then
            tmp = 1.0d0 / cos(((0.5d0 / y_m) / (1.0d0 / x_m)))
        else
            tmp = 1.0d0
        end if
        code = tmp
    end function
    
    x_m = Math.abs(x);
    y_m = Math.abs(y);
    public static double code(double x_m, double y_m) {
    	double tmp;
    	if ((x_m / (y_m * 2.0)) <= 6e+24) {
    		tmp = 1.0 / Math.cos(((0.5 / y_m) / (1.0 / x_m)));
    	} else {
    		tmp = 1.0;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    x_m = math.fabs(x)
    y_m = math.fabs(y)
    def code(x_m, y_m):
    	tmp = 0
    	if (x_m / (y_m * 2.0)) <= 6e+24:
    		tmp = 1.0 / math.cos(((0.5 / y_m) / (1.0 / x_m)))
    	else:
    		tmp = 1.0
    	return tmp
    
    x_m = abs(x)
    y_m = abs(y)
    function code(x_m, y_m)
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (Float64(x_m / Float64(y_m * 2.0)) <= 6e+24)
    		tmp = Float64(1.0 / cos(Float64(Float64(0.5 / y_m) / Float64(1.0 / x_m))));
    	else
    		tmp = 1.0;
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    x_m = abs(x);
    y_m = abs(y);
    function tmp_2 = code(x_m, y_m)
    	tmp = 0.0;
    	if ((x_m / (y_m * 2.0)) <= 6e+24)
    		tmp = 1.0 / cos(((0.5 / y_m) / (1.0 / x_m)));
    	else
    		tmp = 1.0;
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    x_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
    y_m = N[Abs[y], $MachinePrecision]
    code[x$95$m_, y$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[N[(x$95$m / N[(y$95$m * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 6e+24], N[(1.0 / N[Cos[N[(N[(0.5 / y$95$m), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 / x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1.0]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    x_m = \left|x\right|
    \\
    y_m = \left|y\right|
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;\frac{x\_m}{y\_m \cdot 2} \leq 6 \cdot 10^{+24}:\\
    \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\cos \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{y\_m}}{\frac{1}{x\_m}}\right)}\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;1\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if (/.f64 x (*.f64 y #s(literal 2 binary64))) < 5.9999999999999999e24

      1. Initial program 59.9%

        \[\frac{\tan \left(\frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in x around inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{x}{y}\right)}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{x}{y}\right)}\right) \]
        2. associate-*r/N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \cos \left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot x}{y}\right)\right) \]
        3. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \cos \left(\frac{x \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{y}\right)\right) \]
        4. associate-*r/N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \cos \left(x \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{y}\right)\right) \]
        5. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \cos \left(x \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1}{y}\right)\right) \]
        6. associate-*r/N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \cos \left(x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right) \]
        7. cos-lowering-cos.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{y}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
        8. associate-*r/N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(x \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1}{y}\right)\right)\right) \]
        9. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(x \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{y}\right)\right)\right) \]
        10. associate-*r/N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(\frac{x \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{y}\right)\right)\right) \]
        11. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot x}{y}\right)\right)\right) \]
        12. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot x\right), y\right)\right)\right) \]
        13. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(x \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right), y\right)\right)\right) \]
        14. *-lowering-*.f6474.3%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{*.f64}\left(x, \frac{1}{2}\right), y\right)\right)\right) \]
      5. Simplified74.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\cos \left(\frac{x \cdot 0.5}{y}\right)}} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot x}{y}\right)\right)\right) \]
        2. associate-*l/N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{y} \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
        3. associate-/r/N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\frac{y}{x}}\right)\right)\right) \]
        4. div-invN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{y \cdot \frac{1}{x}}\right)\right)\right) \]
        5. associate-/r*N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{y}}{\frac{1}{x}}\right)\right)\right) \]
        6. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)}{y}}{\frac{1}{x}}\right)\right)\right) \]
        7. distribute-neg-fracN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2}}{y}\right)}{\frac{1}{x}}\right)\right)\right) \]
        8. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2}}{y}\right)\right), \left(\frac{1}{x}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
        9. distribute-neg-fracN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)}{y}\right), \left(\frac{1}{x}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
        10. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\left(\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{y}\right), \left(\frac{1}{x}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
        11. /-lowering-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, y\right), \left(\frac{1}{x}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
        12. /-lowering-/.f6474.6%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, \mathsf{cos.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\mathsf{/.f64}\left(\frac{1}{2}, y\right), \mathsf{/.f64}\left(1, x\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
      7. Applied egg-rr74.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{y}}{\frac{1}{x}}\right)}} \]

      if 5.9999999999999999e24 < (/.f64 x (*.f64 y #s(literal 2 binary64)))

      1. Initial program 6.7%

        \[\frac{\tan \left(\frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Simplified11.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \]
      5. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
      6. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 3: 55.7% accurate, 211.0× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} x_m = \left|x\right| \\ y_m = \left|y\right| \\ 1 \end{array} \]
      x_m = (fabs.f64 x)
      y_m = (fabs.f64 y)
      (FPCore (x_m y_m) :precision binary64 1.0)
      x_m = fabs(x);
      y_m = fabs(y);
      double code(double x_m, double y_m) {
      	return 1.0;
      }
      
      x_m = abs(x)
      y_m = abs(y)
      real(8) function code(x_m, y_m)
          real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
          real(8), intent (in) :: y_m
          code = 1.0d0
      end function
      
      x_m = Math.abs(x);
      y_m = Math.abs(y);
      public static double code(double x_m, double y_m) {
      	return 1.0;
      }
      
      x_m = math.fabs(x)
      y_m = math.fabs(y)
      def code(x_m, y_m):
      	return 1.0
      
      x_m = abs(x)
      y_m = abs(y)
      function code(x_m, y_m)
      	return 1.0
      end
      
      x_m = abs(x);
      y_m = abs(y);
      function tmp = code(x_m, y_m)
      	tmp = 1.0;
      end
      
      x_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
      y_m = N[Abs[y], $MachinePrecision]
      code[x$95$m_, y$95$m_] := 1.0
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      x_m = \left|x\right|
      \\
      y_m = \left|y\right|
      
      \\
      1
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 47.2%

        \[\frac{\tan \left(\frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Simplified58.8%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing

        Developer Target 1: 55.7% accurate, 0.4× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\\ t_1 := \sin t\_0\\ \mathbf{if}\;y < -1.2303690911306994 \cdot 10^{+114}:\\ \;\;\;\;1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y < -9.102852406811914 \cdot 10^{-222}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{t\_1}{t\_1 \cdot \log \left(e^{\cos t\_0}\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (x y)
         :precision binary64
         (let* ((t_0 (/ x (* y 2.0))) (t_1 (sin t_0)))
           (if (< y -1.2303690911306994e+114)
             1.0
             (if (< y -9.102852406811914e-222)
               (/ t_1 (* t_1 (log (exp (cos t_0)))))
               1.0))))
        double code(double x, double y) {
        	double t_0 = x / (y * 2.0);
        	double t_1 = sin(t_0);
        	double tmp;
        	if (y < -1.2303690911306994e+114) {
        		tmp = 1.0;
        	} else if (y < -9.102852406811914e-222) {
        		tmp = t_1 / (t_1 * log(exp(cos(t_0))));
        	} else {
        		tmp = 1.0;
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        real(8) function code(x, y)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            real(8) :: t_0
            real(8) :: t_1
            real(8) :: tmp
            t_0 = x / (y * 2.0d0)
            t_1 = sin(t_0)
            if (y < (-1.2303690911306994d+114)) then
                tmp = 1.0d0
            else if (y < (-9.102852406811914d-222)) then
                tmp = t_1 / (t_1 * log(exp(cos(t_0))))
            else
                tmp = 1.0d0
            end if
            code = tmp
        end function
        
        public static double code(double x, double y) {
        	double t_0 = x / (y * 2.0);
        	double t_1 = Math.sin(t_0);
        	double tmp;
        	if (y < -1.2303690911306994e+114) {
        		tmp = 1.0;
        	} else if (y < -9.102852406811914e-222) {
        		tmp = t_1 / (t_1 * Math.log(Math.exp(Math.cos(t_0))));
        	} else {
        		tmp = 1.0;
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        def code(x, y):
        	t_0 = x / (y * 2.0)
        	t_1 = math.sin(t_0)
        	tmp = 0
        	if y < -1.2303690911306994e+114:
        		tmp = 1.0
        	elif y < -9.102852406811914e-222:
        		tmp = t_1 / (t_1 * math.log(math.exp(math.cos(t_0))))
        	else:
        		tmp = 1.0
        	return tmp
        
        function code(x, y)
        	t_0 = Float64(x / Float64(y * 2.0))
        	t_1 = sin(t_0)
        	tmp = 0.0
        	if (y < -1.2303690911306994e+114)
        		tmp = 1.0;
        	elseif (y < -9.102852406811914e-222)
        		tmp = Float64(t_1 / Float64(t_1 * log(exp(cos(t_0)))));
        	else
        		tmp = 1.0;
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
        	t_0 = x / (y * 2.0);
        	t_1 = sin(t_0);
        	tmp = 0.0;
        	if (y < -1.2303690911306994e+114)
        		tmp = 1.0;
        	elseif (y < -9.102852406811914e-222)
        		tmp = t_1 / (t_1 * log(exp(cos(t_0))));
        	else
        		tmp = 1.0;
        	end
        	tmp_2 = tmp;
        end
        
        code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(x / N[(y * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, If[Less[y, -1.2303690911306994e+114], 1.0, If[Less[y, -9.102852406811914e-222], N[(t$95$1 / N[(t$95$1 * N[Log[N[Exp[N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1.0]]]]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        t_0 := \frac{x}{y \cdot 2}\\
        t_1 := \sin t\_0\\
        \mathbf{if}\;y < -1.2303690911306994 \cdot 10^{+114}:\\
        \;\;\;\;1\\
        
        \mathbf{elif}\;y < -9.102852406811914 \cdot 10^{-222}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\frac{t\_1}{t\_1 \cdot \log \left(e^{\cos t\_0}\right)}\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;1\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        

        Reproduce

        ?
        herbie shell --seed 2024145 
        (FPCore (x y)
          :name "Diagrams.TwoD.Layout.CirclePacking:approxRadius from diagrams-contrib-1.3.0.5"
          :precision binary64
        
          :alt
          (! :herbie-platform default (if (< y -1230369091130699400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000) 1 (if (< y -4551426203405957/500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000) (/ (sin (/ x (* y 2))) (* (sin (/ x (* y 2))) (log (exp (cos (/ x (* y 2))))))) 1)))
        
          (/ (tan (/ x (* y 2.0))) (sin (/ x (* y 2.0)))))