
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (- x y) (+ x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x - y) / (x + y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
def code(x, y): return (x - y) / (x + y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x - y) / Float64(x + y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x - y) / (x + y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x - y}{x + y}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 8 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (- x y) (+ x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x - y) / (x + y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
def code(x, y): return (x - y) / (x + y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x - y) / Float64(x + y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x - y) / (x + y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x - y}{x + y}
\end{array}
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (log1p (expm1 (/ (- x y) (+ x y)))))
double code(double x, double y) {
return log1p(expm1(((x - y) / (x + y))));
}
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return Math.log1p(Math.expm1(((x - y) / (x + y))));
}
def code(x, y): return math.log1p(math.expm1(((x - y) / (x + y))))
function code(x, y) return log1p(expm1(Float64(Float64(x - y) / Float64(x + y)))) end
code[x_, y_] := N[Log[1 + N[(Exp[N[(N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]] - 1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\frac{x - y}{x + y}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.9%
log1p-expm1-u99.9%
Applied egg-rr99.9%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (or (<= y -1.35e+30) (not (<= y 9.5e+74))) (+ (* 2.0 (/ x y)) -1.0) (+ 1.0 (* -2.0 (/ y x)))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((y <= -1.35e+30) || !(y <= 9.5e+74)) {
tmp = (2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x));
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if ((y <= (-1.35d+30)) .or. (.not. (y <= 9.5d+74))) then
tmp = (2.0d0 * (x / y)) + (-1.0d0)
else
tmp = 1.0d0 + ((-2.0d0) * (y / x))
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((y <= -1.35e+30) || !(y <= 9.5e+74)) {
tmp = (2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x));
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if (y <= -1.35e+30) or not (y <= 9.5e+74): tmp = (2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0 else: tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x)) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if ((y <= -1.35e+30) || !(y <= 9.5e+74)) tmp = Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64(x / y)) + -1.0); else tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(-2.0 * Float64(y / x))); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if ((y <= -1.35e+30) || ~((y <= 9.5e+74))) tmp = (2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0; else tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x)); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[y, -1.35e+30], N[Not[LessEqual[y, 9.5e+74]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(2.0 * N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 + N[(-2.0 * N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.35 \cdot 10^{+30} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 9.5 \cdot 10^{+74}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;2 \cdot \frac{x}{y} + -1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 + -2 \cdot \frac{y}{x}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -1.3499999999999999e30 or 9.5000000000000006e74 < y Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 85.1%
if -1.3499999999999999e30 < y < 9.5000000000000006e74Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around 0 75.7%
Final simplification79.5%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (or (<= y -1.46e+38) (not (<= y 1.25e+71))) (+ (/ x y) -1.0) (+ 1.0 (* -2.0 (/ y x)))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((y <= -1.46e+38) || !(y <= 1.25e+71)) {
tmp = (x / y) + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x));
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if ((y <= (-1.46d+38)) .or. (.not. (y <= 1.25d+71))) then
tmp = (x / y) + (-1.0d0)
else
tmp = 1.0d0 + ((-2.0d0) * (y / x))
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((y <= -1.46e+38) || !(y <= 1.25e+71)) {
tmp = (x / y) + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x));
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if (y <= -1.46e+38) or not (y <= 1.25e+71): tmp = (x / y) + -1.0 else: tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x)) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if ((y <= -1.46e+38) || !(y <= 1.25e+71)) tmp = Float64(Float64(x / y) + -1.0); else tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(-2.0 * Float64(y / x))); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if ((y <= -1.46e+38) || ~((y <= 1.25e+71))) tmp = (x / y) + -1.0; else tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x)); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[y, -1.46e+38], N[Not[LessEqual[y, 1.25e+71]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 + N[(-2.0 * N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.46 \cdot 10^{+38} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 1.25 \cdot 10^{+71}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x}{y} + -1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 + -2 \cdot \frac{y}{x}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -1.46000000000000008e38 or 1.24999999999999993e71 < y Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 84.5%
neg-mul-184.5%
Simplified84.5%
Taylor expanded in y around inf 84.8%
if -1.46000000000000008e38 < y < 1.24999999999999993e71Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around 0 75.7%
Final simplification79.4%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (or (<= y -5e+28) (not (<= y 1.65e+67))) (+ (/ x y) -1.0) (- 1.0 (/ y x))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((y <= -5e+28) || !(y <= 1.65e+67)) {
tmp = (x / y) + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0 - (y / x);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if ((y <= (-5d+28)) .or. (.not. (y <= 1.65d+67))) then
tmp = (x / y) + (-1.0d0)
else
tmp = 1.0d0 - (y / x)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((y <= -5e+28) || !(y <= 1.65e+67)) {
tmp = (x / y) + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0 - (y / x);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if (y <= -5e+28) or not (y <= 1.65e+67): tmp = (x / y) + -1.0 else: tmp = 1.0 - (y / x) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if ((y <= -5e+28) || !(y <= 1.65e+67)) tmp = Float64(Float64(x / y) + -1.0); else tmp = Float64(1.0 - Float64(y / x)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if ((y <= -5e+28) || ~((y <= 1.65e+67))) tmp = (x / y) + -1.0; else tmp = 1.0 - (y / x); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[y, -5e+28], N[Not[LessEqual[y, 1.65e+67]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 - N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+28} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 1.65 \cdot 10^{+67}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x}{y} + -1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 - \frac{y}{x}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -4.99999999999999957e28 or 1.6500000000000001e67 < y Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 84.5%
neg-mul-184.5%
Simplified84.5%
Taylor expanded in y around inf 84.8%
if -4.99999999999999957e28 < y < 1.6500000000000001e67Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 75.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 75.1%
mul-1-neg75.1%
unsub-neg75.1%
Simplified75.1%
Final simplification79.0%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= y -1.7e+29) -1.0 (if (<= y 2.05e+68) (- 1.0 (/ y x)) -1.0)))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -1.7e+29) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else if (y <= 2.05e+68) {
tmp = 1.0 - (y / x);
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (y <= (-1.7d+29)) then
tmp = -1.0d0
else if (y <= 2.05d+68) then
tmp = 1.0d0 - (y / x)
else
tmp = -1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -1.7e+29) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else if (y <= 2.05e+68) {
tmp = 1.0 - (y / x);
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if y <= -1.7e+29: tmp = -1.0 elif y <= 2.05e+68: tmp = 1.0 - (y / x) else: tmp = -1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (y <= -1.7e+29) tmp = -1.0; elseif (y <= 2.05e+68) tmp = Float64(1.0 - Float64(y / x)); else tmp = -1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (y <= -1.7e+29) tmp = -1.0; elseif (y <= 2.05e+68) tmp = 1.0 - (y / x); else tmp = -1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[y, -1.7e+29], -1.0, If[LessEqual[y, 2.05e+68], N[(1.0 - N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -1.0]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.7 \cdot 10^{+29}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 2.05 \cdot 10^{+68}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 - \frac{y}{x}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -1.69999999999999991e29 or 2.05e68 < y Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 84.2%
if -1.69999999999999991e29 < y < 2.05e68Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 75.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 75.1%
mul-1-neg75.1%
unsub-neg75.1%
Simplified75.1%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= y -1.3e+28) -1.0 (if (<= y 2e+67) 1.0 -1.0)))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -1.3e+28) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else if (y <= 2e+67) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (y <= (-1.3d+28)) then
tmp = -1.0d0
else if (y <= 2d+67) then
tmp = 1.0d0
else
tmp = -1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -1.3e+28) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else if (y <= 2e+67) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if y <= -1.3e+28: tmp = -1.0 elif y <= 2e+67: tmp = 1.0 else: tmp = -1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (y <= -1.3e+28) tmp = -1.0; elseif (y <= 2e+67) tmp = 1.0; else tmp = -1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (y <= -1.3e+28) tmp = -1.0; elseif (y <= 2e+67) tmp = 1.0; else tmp = -1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[y, -1.3e+28], -1.0, If[LessEqual[y, 2e+67], 1.0, -1.0]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{+28}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+67}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -1.3000000000000001e28 or 1.99999999999999997e67 < y Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 84.2%
if -1.3000000000000001e28 < y < 1.99999999999999997e67Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 74.4%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (- x y) (+ x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x - y) / (x + y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
def code(x, y): return (x - y) / (x + y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x - y) / Float64(x + y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x - y) / (x + y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x - y}{x + y}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.9%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 -1.0)
double code(double x, double y) {
return -1.0;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = -1.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return -1.0;
}
def code(x, y): return -1.0
function code(x, y) return -1.0 end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = -1.0; end
code[x_, y_] := -1.0
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-1
\end{array}
Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 49.0%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (- (/ x (+ x y)) (/ y (+ x y))))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y));
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y));
}
def code(x, y): return (x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y))
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x / Float64(x + y)) - Float64(y / Float64(x + y))) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(y / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x}{x + y} - \frac{y}{x + y}
\end{array}
herbie shell --seed 2024144
(FPCore (x y)
:name "Data.Colour.RGB:hslsv from colour-2.3.3, D"
:precision binary64
:alt
(! :herbie-platform default (- (/ x (+ x y)) (/ y (+ x y))))
(/ (- x y) (+ x y)))