UniformSampleCone 2

Percentage Accurate: 98.9% → 99.0%
Time: 19.9s
Alternatives: 19
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\left(\left(\left(\left(\left(-10000 \leq xi \land xi \leq 10000\right) \land \left(-10000 \leq yi \land yi \leq 10000\right)\right) \land \left(-10000 \leq zi \land zi \leq 10000\right)\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq ux \land ux \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq uy \land uy \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(0 \leq maxCos \land maxCos \leq 1\right)\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\ \left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
        (t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
        (t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) PI)))
   (+ (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi)) (* t_0 zi))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f - (t_0 * t_0)));
	float t_2 = (uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI);
	return (((cosf(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sinf(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux)
	t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(t_0 * t_0)))
	t_2 = Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi))
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + Float32(Float32(sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + Float32(t_0 * zi))
end
function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	t_1 = sqrt((single(1.0) - (t_0 * t_0)));
	t_2 = (uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi);
	tmp = (((cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\
t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\
t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\
\left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 19 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\ \left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
        (t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
        (t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) PI)))
   (+ (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi)) (* t_0 zi))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f - (t_0 * t_0)));
	float t_2 = (uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI);
	return (((cosf(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sinf(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux)
	t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(t_0 * t_0)))
	t_2 = Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi))
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + Float32(Float32(sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + Float32(t_0 * zi))
end
function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
	t_1 = sqrt((single(1.0) - (t_0 * t_0)));
	t_2 = (uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi);
	tmp = (((cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\
t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\
t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\
\left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.0% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux + -1\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)}\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos t\_0, xi \cdot t\_1, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin t\_0, yi \cdot t\_1, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* uy (* 2.0 PI)))
        (t_1
         (sqrt
          (+
           1.0
           (* (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux maxCos)) (* (+ ux -1.0) (* ux maxCos)))))))
   (fma
    (cos t_0)
    (* xi t_1)
    (fma (sin t_0) (* yi t_1) (* (- 1.0 ux) (* zi (* ux maxCos)))))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI));
	float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f + (((1.0f - ux) * (ux * maxCos)) * ((ux + -1.0f) * (ux * maxCos)))));
	return fmaf(cosf(t_0), (xi * t_1), fmaf(sinf(t_0), (yi * t_1), ((1.0f - ux) * (zi * (ux * maxCos)))));
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))
	t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * maxCos)) * Float32(Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)) * Float32(ux * maxCos)))))
	return fma(cos(t_0), Float32(xi * t_1), fma(sin(t_0), Float32(yi * t_1), Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(zi * Float32(ux * maxCos)))))
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\
t_1 := \sqrt{1 + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux + -1\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)}\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos t\_0, xi \cdot t\_1, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin t\_0, yi \cdot t\_1, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.8%

    \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l+98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
    2. associate-*l*98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
    3. fma-define98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
  3. Simplified98.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Final simplification98.9%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), xi \cdot \sqrt{1 + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux + -1\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sqrt{1 + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux + -1\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)}, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.9% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(t\_0, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 - maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(t\_0 \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)))
   (fma
    t_0
    (* ux zi)
    (*
     (sqrt (- 1.0 (* maxCos (* (- 1.0 ux) (* t_0 (* ux ux))))))
     (+
      (* xi (cos (* uy (expm1 (log1p (* 2.0 PI))))))
      (* (sin (* uy (* 2.0 PI))) yi))))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = (1.0f - ux) * maxCos;
	return fmaf(t_0, (ux * zi), (sqrtf((1.0f - (maxCos * ((1.0f - ux) * (t_0 * (ux * ux)))))) * ((xi * cosf((uy * expm1f(log1pf((2.0f * ((float) M_PI))))))) + (sinf((uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI)))) * yi))));
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos)
	return fma(t_0, Float32(ux * zi), Float32(sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(maxCos * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(t_0 * Float32(ux * ux)))))) * Float32(Float32(xi * cos(Float32(uy * expm1(log1p(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi))))))) + Float32(sin(Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))) * yi))))
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(t\_0, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 - maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(t\_0 \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.8%

    \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
  2. Simplified98.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right)} \]
  3. Add Preprocessing
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u98.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
    2. expm1-undefine98.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} - 1\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
  5. Applied egg-rr98.9%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} - 1\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-define98.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
  7. Simplified98.9%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
  8. Final simplification98.9%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 - maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.9% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux + -1\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)}\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos t\_0 \cdot t\_1, xi, \sin t\_0 \cdot \left(yi \cdot t\_1\right)\right) + zi \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-1 + \frac{1}{ux}\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* uy (* 2.0 PI)))
        (t_1
         (sqrt
          (+
           1.0
           (* (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux maxCos)) (* (+ ux -1.0) (* ux maxCos)))))))
   (+
    (fma (* (cos t_0) t_1) xi (* (sin t_0) (* yi t_1)))
    (* zi (* (* ux maxCos) (* ux (+ -1.0 (/ 1.0 ux))))))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	float t_0 = uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI));
	float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f + (((1.0f - ux) * (ux * maxCos)) * ((ux + -1.0f) * (ux * maxCos)))));
	return fmaf((cosf(t_0) * t_1), xi, (sinf(t_0) * (yi * t_1))) + (zi * ((ux * maxCos) * (ux * (-1.0f + (1.0f / ux)))));
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	t_0 = Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))
	t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * maxCos)) * Float32(Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)) * Float32(ux * maxCos)))))
	return Float32(fma(Float32(cos(t_0) * t_1), xi, Float32(sin(t_0) * Float32(yi * t_1))) + Float32(zi * Float32(Float32(ux * maxCos) * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / ux))))))
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\
t_1 := \sqrt{1 + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux + -1\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)}\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos t\_0 \cdot t\_1, xi, \sin t\_0 \cdot \left(yi \cdot t\_1\right)\right) + zi \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-1 + \frac{1}{ux}\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.8%

    \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Simplified98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in ux around inf 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot \left(\frac{1}{ux} - 1\right)\right)} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
    4. Final simplification98.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux + -1\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \sqrt{1 + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux + -1\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)}\right)\right) + zi \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-1 + \frac{1}{ux}\right)\right)\right) \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 4: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos - ux \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 - maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\sin t\_0 \cdot yi + \cos t\_0 \cdot xi\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (let* ((t_0 (* uy (* 2.0 PI))))
       (fma
        (- maxCos (* ux maxCos))
        (* ux zi)
        (*
         (sqrt
          (- 1.0 (* maxCos (* (- 1.0 ux) (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) (* ux ux))))))
         (+ (* (sin t_0) yi) (* (cos t_0) xi))))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float t_0 = uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI));
    	return fmaf((maxCos - (ux * maxCos)), (ux * zi), (sqrtf((1.0f - (maxCos * ((1.0f - ux) * (((1.0f - ux) * maxCos) * (ux * ux)))))) * ((sinf(t_0) * yi) + (cosf(t_0) * xi))));
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))
    	return fma(Float32(maxCos - Float32(ux * maxCos)), Float32(ux * zi), Float32(sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(maxCos * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * Float32(ux * ux)))))) * Float32(Float32(sin(t_0) * yi) + Float32(cos(t_0) * xi))))
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\
    \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos - ux \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 - maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\sin t\_0 \cdot yi + \cos t\_0 \cdot xi\right)\right)
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 98.8%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Simplified98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right)} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{maxCos + -1 \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)}, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg98.9%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos + \color{blue}{\left(-maxCos \cdot ux\right)}, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
      2. unsub-neg98.9%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{maxCos - maxCos \cdot ux}, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
    6. Simplified98.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{maxCos - maxCos \cdot ux}, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
    7. Final simplification98.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos - ux \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 - maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi + \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi\right)\right) \]
    8. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 5: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\\ t_1 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(t\_0, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 - maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(t\_0 \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\sin t\_1 \cdot yi + \cos t\_1 \cdot xi\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (let* ((t_0 (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)) (t_1 (* uy (* 2.0 PI))))
       (fma
        t_0
        (* ux zi)
        (*
         (sqrt (- 1.0 (* maxCos (* (- 1.0 ux) (* t_0 (* ux ux))))))
         (+ (* (sin t_1) yi) (* (cos t_1) xi))))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float t_0 = (1.0f - ux) * maxCos;
    	float t_1 = uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI));
    	return fmaf(t_0, (ux * zi), (sqrtf((1.0f - (maxCos * ((1.0f - ux) * (t_0 * (ux * ux)))))) * ((sinf(t_1) * yi) + (cosf(t_1) * xi))));
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos)
    	t_1 = Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))
    	return fma(t_0, Float32(ux * zi), Float32(sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(maxCos * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(t_0 * Float32(ux * ux)))))) * Float32(Float32(sin(t_1) * yi) + Float32(cos(t_1) * xi))))
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\\
    t_1 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\
    \mathsf{fma}\left(t\_0, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 - maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(t\_0 \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\sin t\_1 \cdot yi + \cos t\_1 \cdot xi\right)\right)
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 98.8%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Simplified98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right)} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Final simplification98.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 - maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi + \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi\right)\right) \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 6: 98.7% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\ t_1 := \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(t\_1, ux \cdot zi, \left(\sin t\_0 \cdot yi + \cos t\_0 \cdot xi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(t\_1 \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right)\right)}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (let* ((t_0 (* uy (* 2.0 PI))) (t_1 (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)))
       (fma
        t_1
        (* ux zi)
        (*
         (+ (* (sin t_0) yi) (* (cos t_0) xi))
         (sqrt (+ 1.0 (* maxCos (* ux (* t_1 (* ux ux))))))))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float t_0 = uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI));
    	float t_1 = (1.0f - ux) * maxCos;
    	return fmaf(t_1, (ux * zi), (((sinf(t_0) * yi) + (cosf(t_0) * xi)) * sqrtf((1.0f + (maxCos * (ux * (t_1 * (ux * ux))))))));
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))
    	t_1 = Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos)
    	return fma(t_1, Float32(ux * zi), Float32(Float32(Float32(sin(t_0) * yi) + Float32(cos(t_0) * xi)) * sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(t_1 * Float32(ux * ux))))))))
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\
    t_1 := \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\\
    \mathsf{fma}\left(t\_1, ux \cdot zi, \left(\sin t\_0 \cdot yi + \cos t\_0 \cdot xi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(t\_1 \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right)\right)}\right)
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 98.8%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Simplified98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right)} \]
    3. Add Preprocessing
    4. Taylor expanded in ux around inf 98.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot ux\right)} \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-198.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-ux\right)} \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
    6. Simplified98.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-ux\right)} \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
    7. Final simplification98.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi + \cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    8. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 7: 98.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos t\_0, yi \cdot \sin t\_0\right) + zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
     :precision binary32
     (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))
       (+
        (fma xi (cos t_0) (* yi (sin t_0)))
        (* zi (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux maxCos))))))
    float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
    	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
    	return fmaf(xi, cosf(t_0), (yi * sinf(t_0))) + (zi * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * maxCos)));
    }
    
    function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
    	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
    	return Float32(fma(xi, cos(t_0), Float32(yi * sin(t_0))) + Float32(zi * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * maxCos))))
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\
    \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos t\_0, yi \cdot \sin t\_0\right) + zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 98.8%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Simplified98.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. fma-define98.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
      5. Simplified98.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
      6. Final simplification98.7%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(xi, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right), yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \]
      7. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 8: 98.7% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ zi \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-1 + \frac{1}{ux}\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin t\_0 + xi \cdot \cos t\_0\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
       :precision binary32
       (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))
         (+
          (* zi (* (* ux maxCos) (* ux (+ -1.0 (/ 1.0 ux)))))
          (+ (* yi (sin t_0)) (* xi (cos t_0))))))
      float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
      	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
      	return (zi * ((ux * maxCos) * (ux * (-1.0f + (1.0f / ux))))) + ((yi * sinf(t_0)) + (xi * cosf(t_0)));
      }
      
      function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
      	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
      	return Float32(Float32(zi * Float32(Float32(ux * maxCos) * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / ux))))) + Float32(Float32(yi * sin(t_0)) + Float32(xi * cos(t_0))))
      end
      
      function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
      	t_0 = single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi));
      	tmp = (zi * ((ux * maxCos) * (ux * (single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ux))))) + ((yi * sin(t_0)) + (xi * cos(t_0)));
      end
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\
      zi \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-1 + \frac{1}{ux}\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin t\_0 + xi \cdot \cos t\_0\right)
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 98.8%

        \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Simplified98.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in ux around inf 98.9%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)}, xi, \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right)\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot \left(\frac{1}{ux} - 1\right)\right)} \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
        4. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(ux \cdot \left(\frac{1}{ux} - 1\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot zi \]
        5. Final simplification98.7%

          \[\leadsto zi \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(-1 + \frac{1}{ux}\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \]
        6. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 9: 93.4% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ t_1 := xi \cdot \cos t\_0\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.00023999999393709004:\\ \;\;\;\;maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(t\_1 + \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(\frac{t\_1}{zi} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin t\_0}{zi}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
         :precision binary32
         (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI))) (t_1 (* xi (cos t_0))))
           (if (<= uy 0.00023999999393709004)
             (+ (* maxCos (* ux zi)) (+ t_1 (* (* uy 2.0) (* PI yi))))
             (* zi (+ (/ t_1 zi) (/ (* yi (sin t_0)) zi))))))
        float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
        	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
        	float t_1 = xi * cosf(t_0);
        	float tmp;
        	if (uy <= 0.00023999999393709004f) {
        		tmp = (maxCos * (ux * zi)) + (t_1 + ((uy * 2.0f) * (((float) M_PI) * yi)));
        	} else {
        		tmp = zi * ((t_1 / zi) + ((yi * sinf(t_0)) / zi));
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
        	t_1 = Float32(xi * cos(t_0))
        	tmp = Float32(0.0)
        	if (uy <= Float32(0.00023999999393709004))
        		tmp = Float32(Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * zi)) + Float32(t_1 + Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))));
        	else
        		tmp = Float32(zi * Float32(Float32(t_1 / zi) + Float32(Float32(yi * sin(t_0)) / zi)));
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        function tmp_2 = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	t_0 = single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi));
        	t_1 = xi * cos(t_0);
        	tmp = single(0.0);
        	if (uy <= single(0.00023999999393709004))
        		tmp = (maxCos * (ux * zi)) + (t_1 + ((uy * single(2.0)) * (single(pi) * yi)));
        	else
        		tmp = zi * ((t_1 / zi) + ((yi * sin(t_0)) / zi));
        	end
        	tmp_2 = tmp;
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\
        t_1 := xi \cdot \cos t\_0\\
        \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.00023999999393709004:\\
        \;\;\;\;maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(t\_1 + \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(\frac{t\_1}{zi} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin t\_0}{zi}\right)\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Split input into 2 regimes
        2. if uy < 2.39999994e-4

          1. Initial program 99.4%

            \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
          2. Step-by-step derivation
            1. associate-+l+99.4%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
            2. associate-*l*99.4%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
            3. fma-define99.4%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
          3. Simplified99.5%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
          4. Add Preprocessing
          5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 95.3%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 95.0%

            \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. associate-*r*95.0%

              \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)}\right) \]
            2. *-commutative95.0%

              \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot yi\right)}\right) \]
          8. Simplified95.0%

            \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)}\right) \]

          if 2.39999994e-4 < uy

          1. Initial program 97.9%

            \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
          2. Step-by-step derivation
            1. associate-+l+97.9%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
            2. associate-*l*97.9%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
            3. fma-define98.0%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
          3. Simplified98.1%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
          4. Add Preprocessing
          5. Taylor expanded in zi around inf 96.7%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{zi \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) + \left(\frac{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)} \]
          6. Step-by-step derivation
            1. fma-define96.7%

              \[\leadsto zi \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), \frac{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]
            2. distribute-rgt-out96.7%

              \[\leadsto zi \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi}\right)}\right) \]
          7. Simplified96.6%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{zi \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos, ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right), \sqrt{1 - {\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(\frac{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi}{zi} + yi \cdot \frac{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi}\right)\right)} \]
          8. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0 88.6%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{zi \cdot \left(\frac{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi}\right)} \]
        3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
        4. Final simplification92.6%

          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.00023999999393709004:\\ \;\;\;\;maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;zi \cdot \left(\frac{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{zi}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
        5. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 10: 98.7% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ \left(yi \cdot \sin t\_0 + xi \cdot \cos t\_0\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
         :precision binary32
         (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))
           (+
            (+ (* yi (sin t_0)) (* xi (cos t_0)))
            (* maxCos (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) zi))))))
        float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
        	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
        	return ((yi * sinf(t_0)) + (xi * cosf(t_0))) + (maxCos * (ux * ((1.0f - ux) * zi)));
        }
        
        function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
        	return Float32(Float32(Float32(yi * sin(t_0)) + Float32(xi * cos(t_0))) + Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi))))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	t_0 = single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi));
        	tmp = ((yi * sin(t_0)) + (xi * cos(t_0))) + (maxCos * (ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * zi)));
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\
        \left(yi \cdot \sin t\_0 + xi \cdot \cos t\_0\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right)
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 98.8%

          \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-+l+98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
          2. associate-*l*98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
          3. fma-define98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        3. Simplified98.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
        4. Add Preprocessing
        5. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0 98.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
        6. Final simplification98.7%

          \[\leadsto \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) \]
        7. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 11: 95.7% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\ \left(yi \cdot \sin t\_0 + xi \cdot \cos t\_0\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
         :precision binary32
         (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy PI))))
           (+ (+ (* yi (sin t_0)) (* xi (cos t_0))) (* maxCos (* ux zi)))))
        float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
        	float t_0 = 2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI));
        	return ((yi * sinf(t_0)) + (xi * cosf(t_0))) + (maxCos * (ux * zi));
        }
        
        function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	t_0 = Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))
        	return Float32(Float32(Float32(yi * sin(t_0)) + Float32(xi * cos(t_0))) + Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * zi)))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	t_0 = single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi));
        	tmp = ((yi * sin(t_0)) + (xi * cos(t_0))) + (maxCos * (ux * zi));
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\\
        \left(yi \cdot \sin t\_0 + xi \cdot \cos t\_0\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 98.8%

          \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-+l+98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
          2. associate-*l*98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
          3. fma-define98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        3. Simplified98.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
        4. Add Preprocessing
        5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 94.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
        6. Final simplification94.9%

          \[\leadsto \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \]
        7. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 12: 86.9% accurate, 3.8× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right) \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
         :precision binary32
         (+
          (* maxCos (* ux zi))
          (+ (* xi (cos (* 2.0 (* uy PI)))) (* (* uy 2.0) (* PI yi)))))
        float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
        	return (maxCos * (ux * zi)) + ((xi * cosf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI))))) + ((uy * 2.0f) * (((float) M_PI) * yi)));
        }
        
        function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	return Float32(Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * zi)) + Float32(Float32(xi * cos(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi))))) + Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	tmp = (maxCos * (ux * zi)) + ((xi * cos((single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi))))) + ((uy * single(2.0)) * (single(pi) * yi)));
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 98.8%

          \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-+l+98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
          2. associate-*l*98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
          3. fma-define98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        3. Simplified98.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
        4. Add Preprocessing
        5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 94.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
        6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 86.1%

          \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right) \]
        7. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-*r*86.1%

            \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(yi \cdot \pi\right)}\right) \]
          2. *-commutative86.1%

            \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot yi\right)}\right) \]
        8. Simplified86.1%

          \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)}\right) \]
        9. Final simplification86.1%

          \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right) \]
        10. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 13: 85.5% accurate, 4.0× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
         :precision binary32
         (+ (* maxCos (* ux zi)) (+ xi (* yi (sin (* 2.0 (* uy PI)))))))
        float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
        	return (maxCos * (ux * zi)) + (xi + (yi * sinf((2.0f * (uy * ((float) M_PI))))));
        }
        
        function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	return Float32(Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * zi)) + Float32(xi + Float32(yi * sin(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(pi)))))))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	tmp = (maxCos * (ux * zi)) + (xi + (yi * sin((single(2.0) * (uy * single(pi))))));
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 98.8%

          \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-+l+98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
          2. associate-*l*98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
          3. fma-define98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        3. Simplified98.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
        4. Add Preprocessing
        5. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 94.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \]
        6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0 85.1%

          \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(\color{blue}{xi} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \]
        7. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 14: 13.6% accurate, 51.2× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
         :precision binary32
         (* (- 1.0 ux) (* zi (* ux maxCos))))
        float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
        	return (1.0f - ux) * (zi * (ux * maxCos));
        }
        
        real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
            real(4), intent (in) :: xi
            real(4), intent (in) :: yi
            real(4), intent (in) :: zi
            real(4), intent (in) :: ux
            real(4), intent (in) :: uy
            real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
            code = (1.0e0 - ux) * (zi * (ux * maxcos))
        end function
        
        function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	return Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(zi * Float32(ux * maxCos)))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	tmp = (single(1.0) - ux) * (zi * (ux * maxCos));
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 98.8%

          \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
        2. Simplified98.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi\right)\right)} \]
        3. Add Preprocessing
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. add-cube-cbrt98.3%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi}}\right)\right) \]
          2. pow398.3%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi}\right)}^{3}}\right)\right) \]
        5. Applied egg-rr98.3%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 + maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot yi}\right)}^{3}}\right)\right) \]
        6. Taylor expanded in zi around inf 15.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]
        7. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-*r*15.1%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)} \]
          2. associate-*r*15.1%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)} \]
        8. Simplified15.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)} \]
        9. Final simplification15.1%

          \[\leadsto \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \]
        10. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 15: 13.6% accurate, 51.2× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
         :precision binary32
         (* (* ux maxCos) (* (- 1.0 ux) zi)))
        float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
        	return (ux * maxCos) * ((1.0f - ux) * zi);
        }
        
        real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
            real(4), intent (in) :: xi
            real(4), intent (in) :: yi
            real(4), intent (in) :: zi
            real(4), intent (in) :: ux
            real(4), intent (in) :: uy
            real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
            code = (ux * maxcos) * ((1.0e0 - ux) * zi)
        end function
        
        function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	return Float32(Float32(ux * maxCos) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	tmp = (ux * maxCos) * ((single(1.0) - ux) * zi);
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 98.8%

          \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-+l+98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
          2. associate-*l*98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
          3. fma-define98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        3. Simplified98.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
        4. Add Preprocessing
        5. Taylor expanded in zi around inf 15.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-*r*15.1%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)} \]
          2. *-commutative15.1%

            \[\leadsto \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        7. Simplified15.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        8. Final simplification15.1%

          \[\leadsto \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
        9. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 16: 13.6% accurate, 51.2× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
         :precision binary32
         (* maxCos (* (- 1.0 ux) (* ux zi))))
        float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
        	return maxCos * ((1.0f - ux) * (ux * zi));
        }
        
        real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
            real(4), intent (in) :: xi
            real(4), intent (in) :: yi
            real(4), intent (in) :: zi
            real(4), intent (in) :: ux
            real(4), intent (in) :: uy
            real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
            code = maxcos * ((1.0e0 - ux) * (ux * zi))
        end function
        
        function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	return Float32(maxCos * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * Float32(ux * zi)))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	tmp = maxCos * ((single(1.0) - ux) * (ux * zi));
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 98.8%

          \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-+l+98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
          2. associate-*l*98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
          3. fma-define98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        3. Simplified98.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
        4. Add Preprocessing
        5. Taylor expanded in zi around inf 15.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. pow115.1%

            \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)}^{1}} \]
        7. Applied egg-rr15.1%

          \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)}^{1}} \]
        8. Step-by-step derivation
          1. unpow115.1%

            \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]
          2. associate-*r*15.1%

            \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)} \]
        9. Simplified15.1%

          \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)} \]
        10. Final simplification15.1%

          \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]
        11. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 17: 13.6% accurate, 51.2× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi - ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
         :precision binary32
         (* maxCos (* ux (- zi (* ux zi)))))
        float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
        	return maxCos * (ux * (zi - (ux * zi)));
        }
        
        real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
            real(4), intent (in) :: xi
            real(4), intent (in) :: yi
            real(4), intent (in) :: zi
            real(4), intent (in) :: ux
            real(4), intent (in) :: uy
            real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
            code = maxcos * (ux * (zi - (ux * zi)))
        end function
        
        function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	return Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(zi - Float32(ux * zi))))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	tmp = maxCos * (ux * (zi - (ux * zi)));
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi - ux \cdot zi\right)\right)
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 98.8%

          \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-+l+98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
          2. associate-*l*98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
          3. fma-define98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        3. Simplified98.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
        4. Add Preprocessing
        5. Taylor expanded in zi around inf 15.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]
        6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 15.1%

          \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot \left(zi + -1 \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)\right)} \]
        7. Step-by-step derivation
          1. mul-1-neg15.1%

            \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi + \color{blue}{\left(-ux \cdot zi\right)}\right)\right) \]
          2. unsub-neg15.1%

            \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \color{blue}{\left(zi - ux \cdot zi\right)}\right) \]
        8. Simplified15.1%

          \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot \left(zi - ux \cdot zi\right)\right)} \]
        9. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 18: 13.6% accurate, 51.2× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
         :precision binary32
         (* maxCos (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) zi))))
        float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
        	return maxCos * (ux * ((1.0f - ux) * zi));
        }
        
        real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
            real(4), intent (in) :: xi
            real(4), intent (in) :: yi
            real(4), intent (in) :: zi
            real(4), intent (in) :: ux
            real(4), intent (in) :: uy
            real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
            code = maxcos * (ux * ((1.0e0 - ux) * zi))
        end function
        
        function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	return Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi)))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	tmp = maxCos * (ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * zi));
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right)
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 98.8%

          \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-+l+98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
          2. associate-*l*98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
          3. fma-define98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        3. Simplified98.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
        4. Add Preprocessing
        5. Taylor expanded in zi around inf 15.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]
        6. Final simplification15.1%

          \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right)\right) \]
        7. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 19: 12.0% accurate, 92.2× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos) :precision binary32 (* maxCos (* ux zi)))
        float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
        	return maxCos * (ux * zi);
        }
        
        real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
            real(4), intent (in) :: xi
            real(4), intent (in) :: yi
            real(4), intent (in) :: zi
            real(4), intent (in) :: ux
            real(4), intent (in) :: uy
            real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
            code = maxcos * (ux * zi)
        end function
        
        function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	return Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * zi))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
        	tmp = maxCos * (ux * zi);
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 98.8%

          \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-+l+98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
          2. associate-*l*98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi\right)} + \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \]
          3. fma-define98.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot xi, \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi\right)} \]
        3. Simplified98.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right), \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot yi, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(ux \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
        4. Add Preprocessing
        5. Taylor expanded in zi around inf 15.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]
        6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0 12.8%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]
        7. Add Preprocessing

        Reproduce

        ?
        herbie shell --seed 2024144 
        (FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
          :name "UniformSampleCone 2"
          :precision binary32
          :pre (and (and (and (and (and (and (<= -10000.0 xi) (<= xi 10000.0)) (and (<= -10000.0 yi) (<= yi 10000.0))) (and (<= -10000.0 zi) (<= zi 10000.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 ux) (<= ux 1.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 uy) (<= uy 1.0))) (and (<= 0.0 maxCos) (<= maxCos 1.0)))
          (+ (+ (* (* (cos (* (* uy 2.0) PI)) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))))) xi) (* (* (sin (* (* uy 2.0) PI)) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))))) yi)) (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) zi)))